CN111579465B - A device and method for measuring the adhesion strength and dynamic detachment process of attachments in a liquid environment - Google Patents
A device and method for measuring the adhesion strength and dynamic detachment process of attachments in a liquid environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111579465B CN111579465B CN201910117663.4A CN201910117663A CN111579465B CN 111579465 B CN111579465 B CN 111579465B CN 201910117663 A CN201910117663 A CN 201910117663A CN 111579465 B CN111579465 B CN 111579465B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
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- 241000672609 Escherichia coli BL21 Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FRHBOQMZUOWXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium ferric citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FRHBOQMZUOWXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004642 ferric ammonium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004692 intercellular junction Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 235000000011 iron ammonium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N2015/1006—Investigating individual particles for cytology
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N2015/1024—Counting particles by non-optical means
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种测定液体环境下附着物粘附强度及动态脱落过程的装置和方法，该装置包括测量机构和定位机构，测量机构包括夹具、搅拌杯、搅拌桨、搅拌轴和驱动机构，夹具包括外夹板和内夹板，内夹板中央设有通孔，外夹板和内夹板可贴合并弯曲成圆筒状的夹具，搅拌杯呈圆筒状，定位机构包括底板和顶板，搅拌杯放置于底板上，驱动机构安装于顶板上，搅拌桨固定于搅拌轴上，搅拌桨位于搅拌杯的正上方，搅拌轴的上端与驱动机构连接。该方法为：1、建立标准曲线；2、制作附着物样本；3、固定附着物样本；4、搅拌测量；5、最终脱落率的获取；6、动态脱落过程的获取。本发明简单，能够检测不同流体条件下附着物的粘附强度和动态脱落过程。
The invention discloses a device and method for measuring the adhesion strength and dynamic detachment process of attachments in a liquid environment. The device includes a measuring mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The measuring mechanism includes a fixture, a stirring cup, a stirring paddle, a stirring shaft and a driving mechanism. The fixture includes an outer splint and an inner splint. The center of the inner splint is provided with a through hole. The outer splint and the inner splint can be attached and bent into a cylindrical fixture. The stirring cup is cylindrical. The positioning mechanism includes a bottom plate and a top plate. The stirring cup is placed in the On the bottom plate, the driving mechanism is installed on the top plate, the stirring paddle is fixed on the stirring shaft, the stirring paddle is located directly above the stirring cup, and the upper end of the stirring shaft is connected with the driving mechanism. The method includes: 1. Establishing a standard curve; 2. Making attachment samples; 3. Fixing attachment samples; 4. Stirring measurement; 5. Obtaining the final shedding rate; 6. Obtaining the dynamic shedding process. The invention is simple and can detect the adhesion strength and dynamic detachment process of the attachments under different fluid conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment, and relates to a device and a method for measuring the adhesive strength and the dynamic falling process of attachments in a liquid environment.
Background
In the field of sewage treatment, a biofilm method is a superior treatment method. The biomembrane method can simultaneously remove N and P by using algae cells, and the process operation is simple. In the biomembrane method, the absorption mechanism of the algae cell pair is particularly efficient and outstanding, the absorption of the algae cell pair from the environment far exceeds the requirement of the normal growth of the algae cell pair on orthophosphate, and the algae cell pair is excessively absorbed and accumulated. The unique function greatly improves the efficiency of removing the phosphorus in the wastewater by the microalgae. Therefore, the introduction of a simple microalgae system or a bacteria-algae system becomes a new idea for solving the limitation of advanced treatment of different organic wastewater by the traditional activated sludge method in recent years.
Although the microalgae biofilm method has the advantages of impact load resistance, small floor area, low sludge expansion rate and the like, attachments are easy to fall off from the surface of a biological carrier under the hydraulic impact, so that the obtained water has low clarity and unstable effluent quality. The existing methods for measuring intercellular junction mainly comprise qualitative experiments or semi-quantitative experiments, the basic principle is to provide mechanical interference, such as shaking or water flow impact, and observe the falling-off condition (such as dark and light color), and the methods have the following defects: 1. the adhesion condition of the attachments can be judged or compared subjectively, and a quantitative method is lacked; 2. shaking and water flow impact are difficult to ensure repeated parallel, applied interference force cannot be quantitatively measured, and the physical significance is unclear.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the adhesive strength and the dynamic falling process of attachments in a liquid environment.
The method is simple and convenient to operate, and can measure the adhesive strength and the dynamic falling process of the attachment.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the above purpose of the invention is as follows:
a device for measuring the adhesive strength and dynamic dropping process of attachments in a liquid environment comprises a measuring mechanism and a positioning mechanism, wherein the measuring mechanism comprises a clamp and a stirring cup, stirring rake, (mixing) shaft and actuating mechanism, anchor clamps include outer splint and inner splint, inner splint central authorities are equipped with the through-hole, outer splint and inner splint all have elasticity, outer splint and inner splint can closely laminate and bend into cylindric anchor clamps, the stirring cup is cylindricly, the external diameter of anchor clamps and the internal diameter of stirring cup cooperate, positioning mechanism includes bottom plate and roof, the stirring cup is placed on the bottom plate, actuating mechanism installs on the roof, the vertical setting of (mixing) shaft, the stirring rake is fixed in on the lower extreme of (mixing) shaft, the stirring rake is located the stirring cup directly over, the upper end and the actuating mechanism of (mixing) shaft are connected, still can drive the (mixing) shaft and reciprocate when actuating mechanism drive (mixing) shaft is rotatory.
The driving mechanism comprises a lead screw guide rail, a fixed seat and an agitating motor, the lead screw guide rail comprises a stepping motor, a guide rail, a lead screw and a sliding block, the guide rail is fixed on the top plate, the lead screw is vertically arranged, the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the sliding block, the agitating motor is fixed on the fixed seat, and the upper end of the agitating shaft is connected with an output shaft of the agitating motor.
The driving mechanism further comprises a fixing support, the fixing support comprises a supporting vertical plate and a supporting inclined plate, the tops of the supporting inclined plate and the supporting vertical plate are respectively fixed on the top plate, the bottom of the supporting inclined plate is connected with the guide rail, the stepping motor is installed on the top plate, and an output shaft of the stepping motor penetrates through the top plate to be connected with one end of the lead screw.
The through hole is a round hole.
The positioning mechanism is a measuring box, a groove is arranged on the bottom plate, and the stirring cup is placed on the groove.
The on-line analysis mechanism comprises a high-speed camera and an image processing module, the clamp and the stirring cup are transparent, the high-speed camera is arranged outside the stirring cup, and a lens of the high-speed camera faces the stirring cup.
The number of the measuring mechanisms and the number of the high-speed cameras are the same.
A method for measuring the adhesive strength and the dynamic falling process of attachments in a liquid environment comprises the following steps:
1. preparing an attachment sample:
adhering the attachment to a carrier to prepare an attachment sample;
2. fixing the attachment sample:
placing an outer clamping plate on a horizontal plane, placing an attachment material sample on the outer clamping plate, enabling the surface to be detected of the attachment sample to be upward, placing an inner clamping plate on the surface to be detected of the attachment sample, enabling the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to be attached and clamping the attachment material sample, enabling the through hole to expose the surface to be detected of the attachment material sample, simultaneously bending the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to form a cylindrical clamp, placing the clamp in a stirring cup, and enabling the outer clamping plate and the inner wall of the stirring cup to be tightly attached;
3. stirring measurement:
3.1, injecting working liquid into the stirring cup to a set volume V1Immersing the surface to be measured of the attachment sample into working liquid, placing the stirring cup on the bottom plate, and adjusting the driving mechanism to immerse the stirring paddle in the working liquid of the stirring cup;
3.2, the high-speed camera shoots the liquid in the stirring cup in real time, the high-speed camera transmits the shot real-time image to the image processing module, the image processing module carries out gray processing on the real-time image, binaryzation is carried out to obtain a real-time binaryzation image of the attachment particles, the image processing module counts the attachment particles in real time to obtain the real-time number M of the attachment particles in the real-time imaget；
3.3, the visual field area of the high-speed camera is S, the depth of field is H, the effective sampling volume Ve is S multiplied by H, and the real-time falling number N of the attachmentst＝Mt/Ve×V1；
4. Acquisition of final shedding rate of attachments:
4.1, after stirring, taking out the attachment sample, taking a picture of the liquid in the stirring cup by using a high-speed camera to obtain a first image, and analyzing and processing the first image by using an image processing module to obtain the number M of the attachment particles in the first image1Thereby obtaining the final falling number N of the attachments1＝M1/Ve×V1；
4.2 Place the attachment sample in volume V2The cleaning solution is prepared by completely eluting the residual attachments on the attachment sample by using ultrasonic waves, photographing the liquid after ultrasonic treatment by using a high-speed camera to obtain a second image, and analyzing and processing the second image by using an image processing module to obtain the number M of attachment particles in the second image2So as to obtain the number of the remaining attachments as N2＝M2/Ve×V2；
4.3, the calculation formula of the final shedding rate is as follows:
η＝N1/(N1+N2)＝(M1/Ve×V1)/((M1/Ve×V1)+(M2/Ve×V2))＝M1×V1/(M1×V1+M2×V2)；
5. acquiring a dynamic shedding process:
the formula for calculating the real-time shedding rate is as follows:
ηt＝Nt/(Nt+N2)＝(Mt/Ve×V1)/((Mt/Ve×V1)+(M2/Ve×V2))＝Mt×V1/(Mt×V1+M2×V2)；
and (3) establishing a curve of the falling rate and the time by taking the time as an abscissa and the real-time falling rate as an ordinate, thereby obtaining the dynamic falling process of the attachment.
The attachment is cells, biological membranes, adhesive protein or particles, the carrier is a medium for attachment of the attachment, if the adhesion condition between the cells is measured, the carrier is stromal cells, if the adhesion condition of the biological membranes is measured, the carrier is a substrate for growth of the biological membranes, and if the adhesion condition of the particles is measured, the carrier is any substrate for adhesion of the particles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects and advantages that:
1. the device has simple structure, is provided with a measuring mechanism and an online analysis mechanism, can adjust the shearing size and the action mode (continuous, intermittent and the like) applied to the surface of the attachment through the measuring mechanism, thereby measuring the adhesion degree of the attachment under different fluid conditions, and can detect the falling condition of the attachment in the fluid in real time through the online analysis mechanism.
2. The device measuring mechanism and on-line analysis mechanism can be set to be a plurality of, can carry out many samples and survey simultaneously, realize that different samples survey simultaneously under different fluid conditions.
3. The method can carry out quantitative determination, clearly provides a 'falling-off rate' concept, namely the proportion of fallen attachments, and can quantitatively evaluate the adhesive strength of the attachments.
4. The method can control the shearing force applied to the fluid on the surface of the attachment and can be adjusted at will by adjusting the measuring mechanism, and can repeat the measuring test for a plurality of times in parallel, thereby ensuring that the measured result is accurate and reliable and has high precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength and dynamic detachment process of an attachment in a liquid environment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the jig.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the inner splint.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different vectors on attachment of bacteria and algae.
The device comprises a stirring cup 1, a stirring paddle 2, a stirring shaft 3, a clamp 4, an outer clamp plate 5, an inner clamp plate 6, a through hole 7, a stepping motor 8, a guide rail 9, a screw rod 10, a slide block 11, a fixed seat 12, a stirring motor 13, a measuring box 14, a bottom plate 15, a top plate 16, a groove 17, a vertical support plate 18, an inclined support plate 19 and a high-speed camera 20.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength of an adherent under a liquid environment and the dynamic detachment process according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The device for measuring the adhesive strength and the dynamic falling process of the attachment in the liquid environment comprises a measuring mechanism, a positioning mechanism and an on-line analysis mechanism, and is shown in figure 1.
The positioning mechanism is a measuring box 14 which comprises a box door, a top plate 16 and a bottom plate 15, a cushion block 18 is arranged on the bottom plate 15, a groove 17 is arranged on the cushion block 18, and the stirring cup 1 is placed on the groove 17.
The measuring mechanism comprises a clamp 4, a stirring cup 1, a stirring paddle 2, a stirring shaft 3 and a driving mechanism.
The clamp comprises an outer clamping plate 5 and an inner clamping plate 6, the outer clamping plate 5 and the inner clamping plate 6 are both transparent, as shown in figure 3, a through hole 7 is arranged in the center of the inner clamping plate 6, and the through hole 7 is a round hole. Outer splint 5 and interior splint 6 all are rectangle form, and outer splint 5 and interior splint 6 all have elasticity, and outer splint 5 and interior splint 6 can closely laminate and bend into cylindric anchor clamps 4, as shown in fig. 2.
The stirring cup 1 is cylindrical, the stirring cup 1 is transparent, and the outer diameter of the clamp 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the stirring cup 1. The mixing cup 1 is placed on the groove 17.
The driving mechanism comprises a fixed support, a lead screw guide rail, a fixed seat 12 and a stirring motor 13, wherein the lead screw guide rail (Fuyu, model: FSL40) comprises a stepping motor 8, a guide rail 9, a lead screw 10 and a slide block 11, the fixed support comprises a supporting vertical plate 18 and a supporting inclined plate 19, the tops of the supporting inclined plate 18 and the supporting vertical plate 19 are respectively fixed on a top plate 16, the bottom of the supporting inclined plate 19 is connected with the guide rail 9, the stepping motor 8 is arranged on the top plate 16, and an output shaft of the stepping motor 8 penetrates through the top plate 16 to be connected with one end of the lead screw 10. The lead screw 10 is vertically arranged, and the sliding block 11 is connected with the lead screw 10. Fixing base 12 and slider 11 fixed connection, agitator motor 13 is fixed in on the fixing base 12. The stirring shaft 3 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the stirring shaft 3 is connected with an output shaft of the stirring motor 13, the stirring paddle 2 is fixed at the lower end of the stirring shaft 3, and the stirring paddle 3 is positioned right above the stirring cup 1. The lead screw guide rail can make the slider reciprocate, and the slider drives agitator motor and reciprocates, and agitator motor drives the (mixing) shaft and reciprocates, and the (mixing) shaft drives the stirring rake and reciprocates, so can adjust the relative stirring cup's of stirring rake position through the position of adjusting the slider. The stirring motor can adjust the rotating speed of the stirring shaft, so that the rotating speed of the stirring paddle is adjusted.
The on-line analysis mechanism is a high-speed camera 20 and an image processing module, the high-speed camera is installed outside the stirring cup, and a lens of the high-speed camera faces the stirring cup. The online analysis mechanism is used for detecting the number of particles falling off from attachments of the working liquid in the stirring cup in real time, and the real-time photographing is realized through the high-speed camera and the image processing module is used for processing images.
In order to measure a plurality of sets of tests simultaneously, a plurality of measuring mechanisms can be arranged, in the embodiment, in order to simultaneously perform 6 sets of parallel tests, 6 measuring mechanisms are installed on a measuring box, and simultaneously, each measuring mechanism is provided with a high-speed camera.
The method for measuring the adhesive strength of the adhered matter and the dynamic peeling process in the liquid environment according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the above-mentioned apparatus.
Example 1
1. Preparing a bacteria and algae attachment sample:
the pure culture solution of the escherichia coli bl21 strain and the pure culture solution of the microalgae are mixed according to the quantity ratio of bacteria to microalgae of 10:1 (base 8.3 multiplied by 10)7) Mixing the components according to the proportion to obtain a mixed culture solution, and carrying out suction filtration on the mixed culture solution to a pure cotton material A (a microfiltration membrane with the aperture of 0.45 mu m is padded at the bottom of the pure cotton material A) by using a suction filtration device to obtain a carrier attached with escherichia coli bl21 strains and microalgae seeds;
dropwise adding 2mLBG11 culture solution into a culture medium, paving a carrier at a liquid drop of BG11 culture solution, and culturing for 2 days under the conditions of 23.25 [ mu ] mol/(m2 & s) illumination and constant temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a bacterial-algae attachment sample;
the components of BG11 culture fluid are shown in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Compound (I) | Concentration (g/mL) | Quantity concentration of substance (mol/L) |
| NaNO3 | 1.5 | 0.017647059 |
| K2HPO4 | 0.04 | 0.000229885 |
| MgSO4 | 0.075 | 0.000625 |
| CaCl2 | 0.036 | 0.000324324 |
| Citric acid | 0.006 | 0.00003125 |
| Ferric ammonium citrate | 0.006 | 2.29885E-05 |
| Na2EDTA | 0.001 | 2.97619E-06 |
| Na2CO3 | 0.02 | 0.000190476 |
| A5 | Micro-scale | Micro-scale |
2. Fixing the bacteria and algae attaching sample;
placing an outer clamping plate on a horizontal table top, placing a bacteria and algae attached sample on the outer clamping plate to enable the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attached sample to be upward, placing an inner clamping plate on the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attached sample to enable the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to be attached and clamp the bacteria and algae attached sample, enabling the through hole to expose the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attached sample, simultaneously bending the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to form a cylindrical clamp, placing the clamp in a stirring cup to enable the outer clamping plate and the inner wall of the stirring cup to be tightly attached;
3. stirring and measuring;
3.1 injecting V into the mixing cup1Immersing the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attachment sample into BG11 culture solution, placing a stirring cup on the groove, and adjusting a stepping motor to immerse a stirring paddle into BG11 culture solution, wherein the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attachment sample is 400mLBG11 culture solution;
3.2, starting a stirring motor, setting the rotating speed of a stirring paddle to be 250r/min, starting stirring, and stirring for 3 min;
4. obtaining the dropping rate of the bacterial and algae attachments:
4.1, after stirring, taking a picture of the liquid in the stirring cup by using a high-speed camera to obtain a first image, transmitting the first image to an image processing module by using the high-speed camera, carrying out gray level processing on the first image by using the image processing module to obtain a binary image of the bacterial-algae attachment particles by binarization, counting the bacterial-algae attachment particles by using the image processing module to obtain the number M of the bacterial-algae attachments in the first image1；
4.2, the visual field area of the high-speed camera is S, the depth of field is H, the effective sampling volume Ve is S multiplied by H, and the falling number N of the bacteria and algae attachments is determined1＝M1/Ve×V1；
4.3, placing the bacterial-algae attachment sample in a volume V2In 400mL BG11 culture solution, all attachments remained on the attachment sample are eluted by ultrasonic waves, the liquid after ultrasonic waves is photographed by a high-speed camera to obtain a second image, and the second image is analyzed by an image processing module to obtain the number M of bacteria and algae attachment particles in the second image2So as to obtain the residual quantity of the bacterial-algae attachment N2＝M2/Ve×V2；
4.4, the calculation formula of the shedding rate is as follows:
η＝N1/(N1+N2)＝(M1/Ve×V1)/((M1/Ve×V1)+(M2/Ve×V2))＝M1/(M1+M2)。
example 2
The pure cotton material a in example 1 was replaced with pure cotton material B, and the other operations were unchanged.
Example 3
The pure cotton material a in example 1 was replaced with pure cotton material C, and the other operations were unchanged.
Example 4
The pure cotton material a in example 1 was replaced with the polyester cotton material a, and the other operations were not changed.
Example 5
The pure cotton material a in example 1 was replaced with the polyester cotton material B, and the other operations were not changed.
Example 6
The pure cotton material a in example 1 was replaced with the polyester cotton material C, and the other operations were not changed.
Following the procedures of example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4, example 5 and example 6, each example was repeated 6 times in parallel, with the specific results shown in table 2 below and fig. 4 below:
as shown in table 2 and fig. 4, comparing the average shedding rates of examples 1 to 6, it can be seen that different carrier materials have different effects on the attachment strength of the bacterial-algae attachments, and the shedding rates of the pure cotton material C and the polyester cotton material C are significantly different from each other, and in the actual sewage treatment process, when the biofilm method is applied, the pure cotton material C with the lowest shedding rate is used as the carrier material.
Example 7
1. Preparing a particle adhesion sample:
uniformly coating 1g of adhesive particles on a unit area of paper to obtain a particle adhesion sample;
2. fixing the particle-attached sample;
placing an outer clamping plate on a horizontal table top, placing a particle attached sample on the outer clamping plate to enable the surface to be detected of the particle attached sample to be upward, placing an inner clamping plate on the surface to be detected of the particle attached sample to enable the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to be attached and clamp the particle attached sample, enabling the through hole to expose the surface to be detected of the particle attached sample, simultaneously bending the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to form a cylindrical clamp, placing the clamp in a stirring cup to enable the outer clamping plate and the inner wall of the stirring cup to be tightly attached;
3. stirring and measuring;
3.1, injecting 400mL of water into the stirring cup to immerse the surface to be detected of the particle attached sample into the water, placing the stirring cup on the groove, and adjusting the stepping motor to immerse the stirring paddle into the water;
3.2, starting a stirring motor to enable the stirring paddle to reach a set rotating speed, and starting stirring;
4. obtaining the falling rate of the particle attached sample:
4.1, after stirring, taking a picture of the liquid in the stirring cup by using a high-speed camera to obtain a first image, transmitting the first image to an image processing module by using the high-speed camera, carrying out gray level processing on the first image by using the image processing module to obtain a binary image of the attachment particles by binarization, counting the attachment particles by using the image processing module to obtain the number M of the attachment particles in the first image1；
4.2, the high-speed camera has a visual field area of S, a depth of field of H, and an effective sampling volume Ve of S × H, the number of attached matter drops N1＝M1/Ve×V1；
4.3, placing the bacterial-algae attachment sample in a volume V2In 400mL of water, all the residual attachments on the attachment sample are eluted by ultrasonic waves, the liquid after ultrasonic treatment is photographed by a high-speed camera to obtain a second image, and the second image is analyzed by an image processing module to obtain the number M of attachment particles in the second image2Thereby obtaining the remaining attached matterIs N2＝M2/Ve×V2；
4.4, the calculation formula of the shedding rate is as follows:
η＝N1/(N1+N2)＝(M1/Ve×V1)/((M1/Ve×V1)+(M2/Ve×V2))＝M1/(M1+M2)。
example 8
1. Preparing a bacteria and algae attachment sample:
the pure culture solution of the escherichia coli bl21 strain and the pure culture solution of the microalgae are mixed according to the quantity ratio of bacteria to microalgae of 10:1 (base 8.3 multiplied by 10)7) Mixing the components according to the proportion to obtain a mixed culture solution, and carrying out suction filtration on the mixed culture solution to a pure cotton material A (a microfiltration membrane with the aperture of 0.45 mu m is padded at the bottom of the pure cotton material A) by using a suction filtration device to obtain a carrier attached with escherichia coli bl21 strains and microalgae seeds;
dropwise adding 2mLBG11 culture solution into a culture medium, paving a carrier at a liquid drop of BG11 culture solution, and culturing for 2 days under the conditions of 23.25 [ mu ] mol/(m2 & s) illumination and constant temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a bacterial-algae attachment sample;
2. fixing the bacteria and algae attaching sample;
placing an outer clamping plate on a horizontal table top, placing a bacteria and algae attached sample on the outer clamping plate to enable the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attached sample to be upward, placing an inner clamping plate on the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attached sample to enable the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to be attached and clamp the bacteria and algae attached sample, enabling the through hole to expose the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attached sample, simultaneously bending the outer clamping plate and the inner clamping plate to form a cylindrical clamp, placing the clamp in a stirring cup to enable the outer clamping plate and the inner wall of the stirring cup to be tightly attached;
3. stirring and measuring;
3.1 injecting V into the mixing cup1Immersing the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attachment sample into BG11 culture solution, placing a stirring cup on the groove, and adjusting a stepping motor to immerse a stirring paddle into BG11 culture solution, wherein the surface to be detected of the bacteria and algae attachment sample is 400mLBG11 culture solution;
3.2, starting a stirring motor, setting the rotating speed of a stirring paddle to be 250r/min, starting stirring, and stirring for 3 min;
4. obtaining the real-time shedding rate of the bacterial-algae attachments:
4.1, taking a picture of the liquid in the stirring cup in real time by using a high-speed camera, transmitting the taken real-time image to an image processing module by using the high-speed camera, carrying out gray level processing on the real-time image by using the image processing module, carrying out binarization to obtain a real-time binarized image of the attachment particles of the bacteria and algae, and counting the attachment particles of the bacteria and algae in real time by using the image processing module to obtain the real-time number M of the attachment particles of the bacteria and algae in the real-time imaget；
4.2, the visual field area of the high-speed camera is S, the depth of field is H, the effective sampling volume Ve is S multiplied by H, and the real-time falling number N of the bacteria and algae attachmentst＝Mt/Ve×V1；
4.3, taking out the bacteria and algae attachment sample after stirring, and placing the bacteria and algae attachment sample in a volume V2In 400mL BG11 culture solution, completely eluting the residual bacteria and algae attachments on an attachment sample by using ultrasonic waves, photographing the liquid after ultrasonic waves by using a high-speed camera to obtain a first image, and analyzing and processing the first image by using an image processing module to obtain the number M of bacteria and algae attachment particles in the first image2So as to obtain the residual quantity of the bacterial-algae attachment N2＝M2/Ve×V2；
4.4, the calculation formula of the shedding rate is as follows:
ηt＝Nt/(N1+N2)＝(Mt/Ve×V1)/((Mt/Ve×V1)+(M2/Ve×V2))＝Mt/(Mt+M2)；
5. acquiring a dynamic shedding process:
and (3) establishing a curve of the shedding rate and the time by taking the time as an abscissa and the real-time shedding rate as an ordinate, thereby obtaining the dynamic shedding process of the bacteria-algae attachments.
Claims (7)
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