CN111574295A - Special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for vegetables and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for vegetables and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111574295A CN111574295A CN202010347449.0A CN202010347449A CN111574295A CN 111574295 A CN111574295 A CN 111574295A CN 202010347449 A CN202010347449 A CN 202010347449A CN 111574295 A CN111574295 A CN 111574295A
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QHDUJTCUPWHNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-methoxy-2h-indazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC2=C(C(=O)OC)NN=C21 QHDUJTCUPWHNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- LQXZLHKVIRVBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-O [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[P] Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[P] LQXZLHKVIRVBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- UIGKOBGQTLLQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-O tetraazanium;nitrate;phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O UIGKOBGQTLLQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000010911 Enzyme Precursors Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010062466 Enzyme Precursors Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable special fertilizer containing total nitrogen and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nitrogen content of the product is calculated by mass percent: 0.5 to 1 percent of organic nitrogen, 2 to 4 percent of nitrate nitrogen, 5.5 to 9 percent of ammonium nitrogen, 5 to 8 percent of amide nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium nutrients is determined according to different product proportions. The preparation method adopts a granulation technology of a granulation method, utilizes the viscosity of urea nitrate and ammonium phosphate solution as liquid phase quantity to complete material granulation, prevents excessive urea nitrate from being generated in the granulation process by ammoniating ammonium phosphate with ammonia water, and simultaneously adopts a secondary drying system to prevent the production from being incapable of being normally carried out due to secondary reaction of ammonium phosphate and urea at high drying temperature. The product utilizes different nitrogen elements to release for different time, thereby reducing nutrient loss and environmental pollution caused by excessive release of nitrogen element in the same period, improving soil by utilizing organic nitrogen and organic matters, and improving the yield and quality of vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compound fertilizer, in particular to a special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for vegetables and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cultivated land of our country accounts for 7% of the total amount in the world, but uses chemical fertilizers which account for 35% of the world, and the long-term application of a large amount of chemical fertilizers can increase the yield of crops and cause serious soil, air and water pollution, wherein the loss is the largest, the lowest utilization rate is nitrogen fertilizers, the waste of the fertilizers is caused, and the field planting cost of farmers is increased. The main reason is that the nitrogen source of the product is single and only contains two nitrogen elements: ammonium nitrogen, amide nitrogen or ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are released in a large amount, intensively and quickly at the beginning of application, and are lost due to leaching, decomposition and volatilization, and the ammonium nitrogen is mainly from ammonium chloride, so that the chloride ion content in the product is high, and the product is not suitable for economic crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, tobacco and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for vegetables, which contains all-state nitrogen such as organic nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amide nitrogen, wherein the all-state nitrogen contains quick-acting nitrogen and slow-release nitrogen, and the nutrient loss and the environmental pollution caused by the fact that crops cannot absorb nitrogen due to excessive release of nitrogen nutrients in the same period are reduced by utilizing different release time of different nitrogen elements, so that the nutrient utilization rate is higher.
The invention also aims to complete ammoniation of ammonium nitrate phosphorus in the melting process by adding ammonia water, prevent excessive urea nitrate from being generated in the granulation process, ensure that the production can not be normally carried out and solve the technical problem that urea and nitrate nitrogen materials can not be mixed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a special fertilizer containing all nitrogen for vegetables,
the fertilizer containing all nitrogen specially for vegetable has effective mixture ratio of nitrogen content in the product in mass percent: 0.5 to 1 percent of organic nitrogen, 2 to 4 percent of nitrate nitrogen, 5.5 to 9 percent of ammonium nitrogen, 5 to 8 percent of amide nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium nutrients is determined according to different product proportions, wherein the total nitrogen content of the final product is between 13 and 22 percent, the content of quick-acting nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen) is between 7.5 and 13 percent, and the content of slow-release nitrogen (organic nitrogen and amide nitrogen) is between 5.5 and 9 percent.
The raw material containing organic nitrogen is bean cake fertilizer, the raw material containing nitrate nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, the raw material containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium phosphate (containing nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen), industrial monoammonium and ammonia water, the raw material containing amide nitrogen is urea, and other raw materials containing phosphorus and potassium are industrial monoammonium and potassium sulfate, and the adding amount is determined according to the nutrients of the final product.
The mass ratio of the ammonium phosphate nitrate to the ammonia water is 5: 1, urea nitrate generated by the reaction of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and the urea in the granulation process has high viscosity, and can realize soilless granulation, but if too much urea nitrate is generated by reaction, the material is muddy, and the production cannot be normally carried out, so that the ammonium phosphate nitrate needs to be aminated to control the quality of the generated urea nitrate, and a great number of experiments are carried out, and the using effect of the mass ratio of the ammonium phosphate nitrate to the ammonia water is optimal, namely 5: 1.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bean cake fertilizer (for use)
1.1, crushing the bean cakes to be less than 1mm, adding rice bran accounting for 3-5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes and a zymogen accounting for 0.4-0.5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes, uniformly mixing, and covering for 10-12 hours by using a film;
1.2, adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 50-60 percent;
1.3 piling the mixed material with the adjusted moisture content into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length;
1.4 when the temperature of the stack body reaches 70 ℃ and is continuously maintained for 48 hours, turning the stack;
1.5 piling and fermenting for 12-15 days to prepare the bean cake fertilizer;
(2) adding the measured ammonium phosphate nitrate and ammonia water into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank to be 155-165 ℃, and mixing for 30-35min to complete ammoniation of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and preparation of an ammonium phosphate solution;
(3) adding metered urea, industrial monoammonium, potassium sulfate and the bean cake fertilizer prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system by utilizing a granulation method compound fertilizer production device, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2) and spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator, finishing the granulation process of the materials by utilizing the viscosity of urea nitrate generated by the reaction of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and urea by utilizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution as a liquid phase amount, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the rotary drum granulator to be 60-65 ℃ and the granulation time to be 6-8 min;
(4) after granulation, the material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 105-;
(5) controlling the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer at 85-95 ℃ and drying for 30-35 min;
(6) after drying, respectively carrying out coarse screening and fine screening, wherein the diameter of a screen hole of the coarse screen is 4.5mm, the diameter of a screen hole of the fine screen is 2.0mm, particles with the diameter of more than 4.5mm after coarse screening are crushed by a crusher, powder materials with the diameter of less than 2.0mm after fine screening are returned to a rotary drum granulator, and qualified products enter a cooling machine;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 30-35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment.
The fermentation bacteria agent is Em bacteria.
The drying procedure adopts secondary drying treatment, can reduce the drying temperature, prolong the drying time, and prevent the secondary reaction of ammonium phosphate and urea in the dryer due to high drying temperature, so that the production can not be normally carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the special fertilizer for vegetables containing all-nitrogen and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages:
1. the product contains all-state nitrogen: organic nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amide nitrogen, wherein the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonium nitrogen are quick-acting nitrogen, the organic nitrogen and the amide nitrogen are slow-release nitrogen. After the fertilizer is applied to soil, nitrate nitrogen starts to be released in 5-7 days, ammonium nitrogen starts to be released in 10-15 days, amide nitrogen starts to be released in 15 days, and organic nitrogen starts to be released in 25 days, so that the nutrient loss is reduced, and the nutrient utilization rate is improved.
2. The viscosity of the urea nitrate is used as a liquid phase required by granulation, so that soilless granulation is realized, and the cost of raw materials is reduced.
3. Ammoniating ammonium nitrate phosphorus by ammonia water, controlling the quality of the generated urea nitrate, and solving the technical problem that the urea and nitrate nitrogen materials can not be mixed.
4. The product has reasonable proportion, does not contain chloride ions, and is suitable for economic crops such as vegetables and the like.
5. The organic nitrogen and organic matters contained in the bean cake fertilizer are utilized to improve the soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a fertilizer containing total nitrogen special for vegetables.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in figure 1, the fertilizer special for vegetables containing all-nitrogen has the effective mixture ratio that the nitrogen content of the product is calculated by mass percent: 0.5 to 1 percent of organic nitrogen, 2 to 4 percent of nitrate nitrogen, 5.5 to 9 percent of ammonium nitrogen, 5 to 8 percent of amide nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium nutrients is determined according to different product proportions.
The raw material containing organic nitrogen is bean cake fertilizer, the raw material containing nitrate nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, the raw material containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, industrial monoammonium and ammonia water, the raw material containing amide nitrogen is urea, and the other raw material containing phosphorus and potassium is industrial monoammonium and potassium sulfate, and the adding amount is determined according to the nutrient of the final product.
The mass ratio of the ammonium phosphate nitrate to the ammonia water is 5: 1.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bean cake fertilizer (for use)
1.1, crushing the bean cakes to be less than 1mm, adding rice bran accounting for 3-5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes and a zymogen accounting for 0.4-0.5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes, uniformly mixing, and covering for 10-12 hours by using a film;
1.2, adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 50-60 percent;
1.3 piling the mixed material with the adjusted moisture content into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length;
1.4 when the temperature of the stack body reaches 70 ℃ and is continuously maintained for 48 hours, turning the stack;
1.5 piling and fermenting for 12-15 days to prepare the bean cake fertilizer;
(2) adding the measured ammonium phosphate nitrate and ammonia water into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank to be 155-165 ℃, and mixing for 30-35min to complete ammoniation of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and preparation of an ammonium phosphate solution;
(3) adding metered urea, industrial monoammonium, potassium sulfate and the bean cake fertilizer prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system by utilizing a granulation method compound fertilizer production device, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2) and spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator, finishing the granulation process of the materials by utilizing the viscosity of urea nitrate generated by the reaction of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and urea by utilizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution as a liquid phase amount, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the rotary drum granulator to be 60-65 ℃ and the granulation time to be 6-8 min;
(4) after granulation, the material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 105-;
(5) controlling the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer at 85-95 ℃ and drying for 30-35 min;
(6) after drying, respectively carrying out coarse screening and fine screening, wherein the diameter of a screen hole of the coarse screen is 4.5mm, the diameter of a screen hole of the fine screen is 2.0mm, particles with the diameter of more than 4.5mm after coarse screening are crushed by a crusher, powder materials with the diameter of less than 2.0mm after fine screening are returned to a rotary drum granulator, and qualified products enter a cooling machine;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 30-35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment.
The fermentation bacteria agent is Em bacteria.
The drying process adopts secondary drying treatment.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1: the product proportion is 15-11-20, taking the consumption quota of 1 ton of product raw materials as an example:
the specific production flow is as follows:
(1) preparation of soybean cake fertilizer
Crushing 10 tons of bean cakes (in percentage by mass, the same below) to below 1mm, adding 400 kilograms of rice bran and 40 kilograms of Em bacteria, uniformly mixing, and covering with a film for 10 hours; adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 55 percent, and piling the mixed material into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length; turning the pile when the temperature of the pile reaches 70 ℃ and continuously maintaining for 48 hours; stacking and fermenting for 13 days to obtain the bean cake fertilizer with 7 percent of organic nitrogen and 60 percent of organic matter;
(2) adding 200 kg of measured ammonium phosphate nitrate (containing 15% of nitrate nitrogen, 17% of ammonium nitrogen and 25% of P2O 54%) and 40 kg of ammonia water (containing 25% of ammonium nitrogen) into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank at 160 ℃, and mixing for 32 min;
(3) utilizing granulation method compound fertilizer production equipment, adding 117 kg of metered urea (containing 46.2% of amide nitrogen), 168 kg of industrial monoammonium (containing 11% of ammonium nitrogen and P2O 561%), 385 kg of potassium sulfate (containing K2O 52%) and 90 kg of bean cake fertilizer (containing 7% of organic nitrogen and 60% of organic matters) prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2), spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator to complete material granulation, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the rotary drum granulator to be 60 ℃ and the granulation time to be 7 min;
(4) the granulated material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 110 ℃, and the granulated material is dried for 30min and enters a secondary dryer;
(5) the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer is controlled at 85 ℃, and the drying time is 32 min;
(6) respectively sieving after drying, crushing granules with the particle size of more than 4.5mm after coarse sieving by a crusher, returning powdery materials with the particle size of less than 2.0mm after fine sieving to a rotary drum granulator, and feeding qualified products to a cooler;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 32min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment, so that the special fertilizer containing all nitrogen for vegetables, the granularity of which is 2-4.5mm, is obtained. The product contains 15.29-11.05-20.02% of N-P2O5-K2O, wherein the content of organic nitrogen is 0.63%, the content of nitrate nitrogen is 3.00%, the content of ammonium nitrogen is 6.25%, the content of amide nitrogen is 5.41%, the content of organic matters is 5.40%, the content of water is 1.5%, the strength is 17N, and the particles are smooth and round.
Example 2: the product proportion is 16-14-18, taking the consumption quota of 1 ton of product raw materials as an example:
the specific production flow is as follows:
(1) preparation of soybean cake fertilizer
Crushing 10 tons of bean cakes (in percentage by mass, the same below) to below 1mm, adding 400 kilograms of rice bran and 50 kilograms of Em bacteria, uniformly mixing, and covering with a film for 11 hours; adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 55 percent, and piling the mixed material into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length; turning the pile when the temperature of the pile reaches 70 ℃ and continuously maintaining for 48 hours; stacking and fermenting for 15 days to obtain the bean cake fertilizer with 7 percent of organic nitrogen and 60 percent of organic matter;
(2) adding 180 kg of measured ammonium phosphate nitrate (containing 15% of nitrate nitrogen, 17% of ammonium nitrogen and 25% of P2O 54%) and 36 kg of ammonia water (containing 25% of ammonium nitrogen) into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank at 155 ℃, and mixing for 32 min;
(3) utilizing a granulation method compound fertilizer production device, adding 140 kg of metered urea (containing 46.2% of amide nitrogen), 222 kg of industrial monoammonium (containing 11% of ammonium nitrogen and P2O 561%), 347 kg of potassium sulfate (containing K2O 52%) and 75 kg of bean cake fertilizer (containing 7% of organic nitrogen and 60% of organic matters) prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2), spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator to complete material granulation, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the rotary drum granulator to be 60 ℃ and the granulation time to be 7.5 min;
(4) feeding the granulated material into a primary dryer, controlling the inlet temperature of the primary dryer at 105 ℃, drying for 35min, and feeding the dried material into a secondary dryer;
(5) the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer is controlled at 85 ℃, and the drying time is 32 min;
(6) respectively sieving after drying, crushing granules with the particle size of more than 4.5mm after coarse sieving by a crusher, returning powdery materials with the particle size of less than 2.0mm after fine sieving to a rotary drum granulator, and feeding qualified products to a cooler;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment, so that the special fertilizer containing all nitrogen for vegetables, the granularity of which is 2-4.5mm, is obtained. The product contains 16.10-14.26-18.04% of N-P2O5-K2O, wherein the content of organic nitrogen is 0.53%, the content of nitrate nitrogen is 2.70%, the content of ammonium nitrogen is 6.40%, the content of amide nitrogen is 6.47%, the content of organic matters is 4.50%, the content of water is 1.7%, the strength is 15N, and the particles are smooth and round.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The special fertilizer for vegetables containing all-nitrogen is characterized in that the effective proportion of the special fertilizer for vegetables containing all-nitrogen is that the nitrogen content of the product is calculated according to the mass percent: 0.5 to 1 percent of organic nitrogen, 2 to 4 percent of nitrate nitrogen, 5.5 to 9 percent of ammonium nitrogen, 5 to 8 percent of amide nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium nutrients is determined according to different product proportions.
2. The fertilizer containing total nitrogen for vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the raw material containing organic nitrogen is bean cake fertilizer, the raw material containing nitrate nitrogen is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, the raw material containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium nitrate phosphorus, industrial monoammonium and ammonia water, the raw material containing amide nitrogen is urea, and the other raw materials containing phosphorus and potassium are industrial monoammonium and potassium sulfate, and the amount of the fertilizer added is determined according to the nutrients of the final product.
3. The fertilizer containing total nitrogen specially for vegetables as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of ammonium phosphate nitrate to ammonia water is 5: 1.
4. The preparation method of the fertilizer containing total nitrogen specially used for vegetables according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of bean cake fertilizer (for use)
1.1, crushing the bean cakes to be less than 1mm, adding rice bran accounting for 3-5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes and a zymogen accounting for 0.4-0.5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes, uniformly mixing, and covering for 10-12 hours by using a film;
1.2, adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 50-60 percent;
1.3 piling the mixed material with the adjusted moisture content into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length;
1.4 when the temperature of the stack body reaches 70 ℃ and is continuously maintained for 48 hours, turning the stack;
1.5 piling and fermenting for 12-15 days to prepare the bean cake fertilizer;
(2) adding the measured ammonium phosphate nitrate and ammonia water into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank to be 155-165 ℃, and mixing for 30-35min to complete ammoniation of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and preparation of an ammonium phosphate solution;
(3) adding metered urea, industrial monoammonium, potassium sulfate and the bean cake fertilizer prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system by utilizing a granulation method compound fertilizer production device, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2) and spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator, finishing the granulation process of the materials by utilizing the viscosity of urea nitrate generated by the reaction of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and urea by utilizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution as a liquid phase amount, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the rotary drum granulator to be 60-65 ℃ and the granulation time to be 6-8 min;
(4) after granulation, the material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 105-;
(5) controlling the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer at 85-95 ℃ and drying for 30-35 min;
(6) after drying, respectively carrying out coarse screening and fine screening, wherein the diameter of a screen hole of the coarse screen is 4.5mm, the diameter of a screen hole of the fine screen is 2.0mm, particles with the diameter of more than 4.5mm after coarse screening are crushed by a crusher, powder materials with the diameter of less than 2.0mm after fine screening are returned to a rotary drum granulator, and qualified products enter a cooling machine;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 30-35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment.
5. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing total nitrogen specially used for vegetables according to claim 4, wherein the zymophyte agent is Em bacteria.
6. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing total nitrogen specially used for vegetables according to claim 4, wherein the drying step adopts a secondary drying treatment.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102617218A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 湖南金叶肥料有限责任公司 | Special active fertilizer for honeysuckle and preparation method thereof |
| CN103193535A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-10 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Quick-acting slow-released compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102617218A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 湖南金叶肥料有限责任公司 | Special active fertilizer for honeysuckle and preparation method thereof |
| CN103193535A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-10 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Quick-acting slow-released compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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