CN111559940A - Special cotton fertilizer containing all-nitrogen and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special cotton fertilizer containing all-nitrogen and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111559940A CN111559940A CN202010330527.6A CN202010330527A CN111559940A CN 111559940 A CN111559940 A CN 111559940A CN 202010330527 A CN202010330527 A CN 202010330527A CN 111559940 A CN111559940 A CN 111559940A
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000006902 nitrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- LQXZLHKVIRVBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-O [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[P] Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[P] LQXZLHKVIRVBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QHDUJTCUPWHNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-methoxy-2h-indazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC2=C(C(=O)OC)NN=C21 QHDUJTCUPWHNPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- UIGKOBGQTLLQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-O tetraazanium;nitrate;phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O UIGKOBGQTLLQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 11
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000010911 Enzyme Precursors Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010062466 Enzyme Precursors Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton and a preparation method thereof, wherein the special fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12 to 24 percent of ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 2.4 to 4.8 percent of ammonia water, 10 to 20 percent of urea, 12 to 20 percent of monoammonium phosphate, 30 to 45 percent of potassium chloride, 6 to 10 percent of bean cake fertilizer and 4 to 8 percent of medium trace elements. The preparation method adopts a granulation technology of a granulation method, utilizes the viscosity of urea nitrate and ammonium phosphate solution as liquid phase quantity to complete granulation, utilizes ammonia water to ammoniate the ammonium phosphate to prevent excessive urea nitrate from being generated in the granulation process, and adopts a secondary drying system to prevent the ammonium phosphate and urea from generating secondary reaction due to high drying temperature. The product utilizes different nitrogen elements to release for different time, reduces nutrient loss and environmental pollution caused by excessive release of nitrogen elements, improves soil by utilizing organic matters and medium and trace elements, and improves the yield and quality of cotton.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compound fertilizer, in particular to a special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, a compound fertilizer is mainly prepared by mixing basic fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, such as urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride and the like, adding viscous fillers, such as attapulgite, clay and the like, at a certain temperature and liquid phase amount in a granulator, agglomerating into granules, drying, cooling and screening to prepare a compound fertilizer product. The production technology of the compound fertilizer is a production method widely used in China, the production process is simple, the operation is easy to master, but the product has single nitrogen element source, and a large amount of nitrogen nutrient is released intensively and quickly at the initial stage of application, so that the loss is caused by leaching, decomposition and volatilization, serious soil, air and water pollution is caused, the waste of the fertilizer is caused, and the field planting cost of farmers is increased.
Aiming at the problems, the method develops the full-state nitrogen-containing fertilizer applied to different crops, and reasonably provides nitrogen elements, medium trace elements and organic matters according to the requirements of different crops, thereby being an effective way for realizing the high-efficiency utilization of the fertilizer, reducing the investment, protecting the environment and improving the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton, which contains all-state nitrogen such as organic nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amide nitrogen, wherein the all-state nitrogen contains quick-acting nitrogen and slow-release nitrogen, and the nutrient loss and the environmental pollution caused by incapability of being absorbed by crops due to excessive release of nitrogen nutrients in the same period are reduced by utilizing different release times of different nitrogen elements, so that the nutrient utilization rate is higher.
The invention also aims to complete ammoniation of ammonium nitrate phosphorus in the melting process by adding ammonia water, prevent excessive urea nitrate from being generated in the granulation process, ensure that the production can not be normally carried out and solve the technical problem that urea and nitrate nitrogen materials can not be mixed.
The invention further aims to improve the soil environment through organic matters and medium and trace elements.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the fertilizer special for cotton contains total nitrogen, ammonium nitrate phosphorus accounting for 12-24% of the total input raw material amount, ammonia water accounting for 2.4-4.8% of the total input raw material amount, urea accounting for 10-20% of the total input raw material amount, monoammonium phosphate accounting for 12-20% of the total input raw material amount, potassium chloride accounting for 30-45% of the total input raw material amount, bean cake fertilizer accounting for 6-10% of the total input raw material amount, and medium trace elements accounting for 4-8% of the total input raw material amount.
The raw material containing organic nitrogen is bean cake fertilizer, the raw material containing nitrate nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, the raw material containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium phosphate (containing nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen), monoammonium phosphate and ammonia water, and the raw material containing amide nitrogen is urea.
The mass ratio of the ammonium phosphate nitrate to the ammonia water is 5: 1, urea nitrate generated by the reaction of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and the urea in the granulation process has high viscosity, and granulation without fillers can be realized, but if excessive urea nitrate is generated by reaction, the materials are muddy, and the production cannot be normally carried out, so that the ammonium phosphate nitrate needs to be aminated to control the quality of the generated urea nitrate, and a large number of experiments are carried out, and the use effect of the mass ratio of the ammonium phosphate nitrate to the ammonia water is optimal, namely 5: 1.
The medium trace element is the combination of magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bean cake fertilizer (for use)
1.1, crushing the bean cakes to be less than 1mm, adding rice bran accounting for 3-5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes and a zymogen accounting for 0.4-0.5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes, uniformly mixing, and covering for 10-12 hours by using a film;
1.2, adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 50-60 percent;
1.3 piling the mixed material with the adjusted moisture content into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length;
1.4 when the temperature of the stack body reaches 70 ℃ and is continuously maintained for 48 hours, turning the stack;
1.5 piling and fermenting for 12-15 days to prepare the bean cake fertilizer;
(2) adding the measured ammonium phosphate nitrate and ammonia water into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank to be 155-165 ℃, and mixing for 30-35min to complete ammoniation of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and preparation of an ammonium phosphate solution;
(3) adding metered urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, medium trace elements and the bean cake fertilizer prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2), spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator, completing the material granulation process by using the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution as a liquid phase amount and using the viscosity of urea nitrate generated by the reaction of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and urea, and controlling the material temperature in the rotary drum granulator to be 60-65 ℃ and the granulation time to be 6-8 min;
(4) after granulation, the material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 105-;
(5) controlling the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer at 85-95 ℃ and drying for 30-35 min;
(6) after drying, respectively carrying out coarse screening and fine screening, wherein the diameter of a screen hole of the coarse screen is 4.5mm, the diameter of a screen hole of the fine screen is 2.0mm, particles with the diameter of more than 4.5mm after coarse screening are crushed by a crusher, powder materials with the diameter of less than 2.0mm after fine screening are returned to a rotary drum granulator, and qualified products enter a cooling machine;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 30-35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment.
The fermentation bacteria agent is Em bacteria.
The drying procedure adopts secondary drying treatment, can reduce the drying temperature, prolong the drying time, and prevent the secondary reaction of ammonium phosphate and urea in the dryer due to high drying temperature, so that the production can not be normally carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages:
1. the product contains all-state nitrogen: organic nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amide nitrogen, wherein the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonium nitrogen are quick-acting nitrogen, the organic nitrogen and the amide nitrogen are slow-release nitrogen. After the fertilizer is applied to soil, nitrate nitrogen starts to be released in 5-7 days, ammonium nitrogen starts to be released in 10-15 days, amide nitrogen starts to be released in 15 days, and organic nitrogen starts to be released in 25 days, so that the nutrient loss is reduced, and the nutrient utilization rate is improved.
2. The viscosity of the urea nitrate is used as a liquid phase required by granulation, so that soilless granulation is realized, and the cost of raw materials is reduced.
3. Ammoniating ammonium nitrate phosphorus by ammonia water, controlling the quality of the generated urea nitrate, and solving the technical problem that the urea and nitrate nitrogen materials can not be mixed.
4. The product has reasonable proportion and contains sulfur, magnesium, zinc and boron elements required by the growth of cotton.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in figure 1, the special fertilizer for cotton containing total nitrogen comprises, by mass, 12% -24% of ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 2.4% -4.8% of ammonia water, 10% -20% of urea, 12% -20% of monoammonium phosphate, 30% -45% of potassium chloride, 6% -10% of bean cake fertilizer and 4% -8% of medium trace elements.
The raw material containing organic nitrogen is bean cake fertilizer, the raw material containing nitrate nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, the raw material containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and ammonia water, and the raw material containing amide nitrogen is urea.
The mass ratio of the ammonium nitrate phosphorus to the ammonia water is 5: 1.
The medium trace element is the combination of magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bean cake fertilizer (for use)
1.1, crushing the bean cakes to be less than 1mm, adding rice bran accounting for 3-5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes and a zymogen accounting for 0.4-0.5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes, uniformly mixing, and covering for 10-12 hours by using a film;
1.2, adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 50-60 percent;
1.3 piling the mixed material with the adjusted moisture content into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length;
1.4 when the temperature of the stack body reaches 70 ℃ and is continuously maintained for 48 hours, turning the stack;
1.5 piling and fermenting for 12-15 days to prepare the bean cake fertilizer;
(2) adding the measured ammonium phosphate nitrate and ammonia water into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank to be 155-165 ℃, and mixing for 30-35min to complete ammoniation of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and preparation of an ammonium phosphate solution;
(3) adding metered urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, medium trace elements and the bean cake fertilizer prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2), spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator, completing the material granulation process by using the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution as a liquid phase amount and using the viscosity of urea nitrate generated by the reaction of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and urea, and controlling the material temperature in the rotary drum granulator to be 60-65 ℃ and the granulation time to be 6-8 min;
(4) after granulation, the material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 105-;
(5) controlling the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer at 85-95 ℃ and drying for 30-35 min;
(6) after drying, respectively carrying out coarse screening and fine screening, wherein the diameter of a screen hole of the coarse screen is 4.5mm, the diameter of a screen hole of the fine screen is 2.0mm, particles with the diameter of more than 4.5mm after coarse screening are crushed by a crusher, powder materials with the diameter of less than 2.0mm after fine screening are returned to a rotary drum granulator, and qualified products enter a cooling machine;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 30-35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment.
The fermentation bacteria agent is Em bacteria.
The drying process adopts secondary drying treatment.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1: the product proportion is 16-8-22, taking the consumption quota of 1 ton of product raw materials as an example:
the specific production flow is as follows:
(1) preparation of soybean cake fertilizer
Crushing 10 tons of bean cakes (in percentage by mass, the same below) to below 1mm, adding 400 kilograms of rice bran and 40 kilograms of Em bacteria, uniformly mixing, and covering with a film for 10 hours; adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 55 percent, and piling the mixed material into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length; turning the pile when the temperature of the pile reaches 70 ℃ and continuously maintaining for 48 hours; stacking and fermenting for 13 days to obtain the bean cake fertilizer with 7 percent of organic nitrogen and 60 percent of organic matter;
(2) adding 150 kg of metered ammonium phosphate (containing 15% of nitrate nitrogen, 17% of ammonium nitrogen and 25% of P2O 54%) and 30 kg of ammonia water (containing 25% of ammonium nitrogen) into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank at 160 ℃, and mixing for 32 min;
(3) utilizing compound fertilizer production equipment adopting a granulation method, adding 186 kg of metered urea (containing 46.2% of amide nitrogen), 138 kg of monoammonium phosphate (containing 11% of ammonium nitrogen and 554% of P2O), 356 kg of potassium chloride (containing K2O 62%), 20 kg of magnesium sulfate (containing S, Mg), 20 kg of zinc sulfate (containing S, Zn), 10 kg of borax (containing B) and 90 kg of bean cake fertilizer (containing 7% of organic nitrogen and 60% of organic matters) prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2), and spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator to complete granulation of the materials, wherein the temperature of the materials in the rotary drum granulator is controlled at 60 ℃, and the granulation time is 7 min;
(4) the granulated material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 110 ℃, and the granulated material is dried for 30min and enters a secondary dryer;
(5) the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer is controlled at 85 ℃, and the drying time is 32 min;
(6) respectively sieving after drying, crushing granules with the particle size of more than 4.5mm after coarse sieving by a crusher, returning powdery materials with the particle size of less than 2.0mm after fine sieving to a rotary drum granulator, and feeding qualified products to a cooler;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 32min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment, so that the special fertilizer containing all nitrogen for cotton with the granularity of 2-4.5mm is obtained. The product contains 16.29-8.05-22.07% of N-P2O5-K2O, wherein the content of organic nitrogen is 0.63%, the content of nitrate nitrogen is 2.25%, the content of ammonium nitrogen is 4.82%, the content of amide nitrogen is 8.59%, the content of organic matters is 5.40%, the product contains medium trace elements of S, Mg, Zn and B, the water content is 1.5%, the strength is 17N, and the particles are smooth and round.
Example 2: the product proportion is 15-10-20, taking the consumption quota of 1 ton of product raw materials as an example:
the specific production flow is as follows:
(1) preparation of soybean cake fertilizer
Crushing 10 tons of bean cakes (in percentage by mass, the same below) to below 1mm, adding 400 kilograms of rice bran and 50 kilograms of Em bacteria, uniformly mixing, and covering with a film for 11 hours; adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 55 percent, and piling the mixed material into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length; turning the pile when the temperature of the pile reaches 70 ℃ and continuously maintaining for 48 hours; stacking and fermenting for 15 days to obtain the bean cake fertilizer with 7 percent of organic nitrogen and 60 percent of organic matter;
(2) adding 200 kg of measured ammonium phosphate nitrate (containing 15% of nitrate nitrogen, 17% of ammonium nitrogen and 25% of P2O 54%) and 40 kg of ammonia water (containing 25% of ammonium nitrogen) into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank at 155 ℃, and mixing for 32 min;
(3) utilizing a granulation method compound fertilizer production device, adding 120 kg of metered urea (containing 46.2% of amide nitrogen), 172 kg of monoammonium phosphate (containing 11% of ammonium nitrogen and 554% of P2O), 323 kg of potassium chloride (containing K2O 62%), 30 kg of magnesium sulfate (containing S, Mg), 25 kg of zinc sulfate (containing S, Zn), 15 kg of borax (containing B) and 75 kg of bean cake fertilizer (containing 7% of organic nitrogen and 60% of organic matters) prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2), and spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator to complete material granulation, wherein the material temperature in the rotary drum granulator is controlled at 60 ℃, and the granulation time is 7.5 min;
(4) feeding the granulated material into a primary dryer, controlling the inlet temperature of the primary dryer at 105 ℃, drying for 35min, and feeding the dried material into a secondary dryer;
(5) the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer is controlled at 85 ℃, and the drying time is 32 min;
(6) respectively sieving after drying, crushing granules with the particle size of more than 4.5mm after coarse sieving by a crusher, returning powdery materials with the particle size of less than 2.0mm after fine sieving to a rotary drum granulator, and feeding qualified products to a cooler;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment, so that the special fertilizer containing all nitrogen for cotton with the granularity of 2-4.5mm is obtained. The product contains 15.36-10.09-20.03% of N-P2O5-K2O, wherein the content of organic nitrogen is 0.53%, the content of nitrate nitrogen is 3.00%, the content of ammonium nitrogen is 6.29%, the content of amide nitrogen is 5.54%, the content of organic matters is 4.50%, the product contains medium trace elements S, Mg, Zn and B, the water content is 1.7%, the strength is 15N, and the particles are smooth and round.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton is characterized in that ammonium phosphate accounts for 12-24% of the total input raw material amount by mass, ammonia water accounts for 2.4-4.8% of the total input raw material amount by mass, urea accounts for 10-20% of the total input raw material amount by mass, monoammonium phosphate accounts for 12-20% of the total input raw material amount by mass, potassium chloride accounts for 30-45% of the total input raw material amount by mass, soybean cake fertilizer accounts for 6-10% of the total input raw material amount by mass, and medium trace elements account for 4-8% of the total input raw material amount by mass.
2. The fertilizer containing total nitrogen specially used for cotton as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw material containing organic nitrogen is bean cake fertilizer, the raw material containing nitrate nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, the raw material containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and ammonia water, and the raw material containing amide nitrogen is urea.
3. The special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of ammonium nitrate phosphorus to ammonia water is 5: 1.
4. The special fertilizer containing all-nitrogen for cotton as claimed in claim 1, wherein said medium trace element is a combination of magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax.
5. The preparation method of the fertilizer containing total nitrogen specially used for cotton according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of bean cake fertilizer (for use)
1.1, crushing the bean cakes to be less than 1mm, adding rice bran accounting for 3-5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes and a zymogen accounting for 0.4-0.5 percent of the mass of the bean cakes, uniformly mixing, and covering for 10-12 hours by using a film;
1.2, adjusting the water content to ensure that the water content of the mixed material for fermentation reaches 50-60 percent;
1.3 piling the mixed material with the adjusted moisture content into a wedge-shaped pile body with the width of 2m, the height of 1.5m and the proper length;
1.4 when the temperature of the stack body reaches 70 ℃ and is continuously maintained for 48 hours, turning the stack;
1.5 piling and fermenting for 12-15 days to prepare the bean cake fertilizer;
(2) adding the measured ammonium phosphate nitrate and ammonia water into a melting tank, controlling the temperature of the melting tank to be 155-165 ℃, and mixing for 30-35min to complete ammoniation of the ammonium phosphate nitrate and preparation of an ammonium phosphate solution;
(3) adding metered urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, medium trace elements and the bean cake fertilizer prepared in the step (1) into a rotary drum granulator through a microcomputer batching system, atomizing the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution prepared in the step (2), spraying the atomized ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution into materials in the rotary drum granulator, completing the material granulation process by using the ammonium nitrate phosphorus solution as a liquid phase amount and using the viscosity of urea nitrate generated by the reaction of ammonium nitrate phosphorus and urea, and controlling the material temperature in the rotary drum granulator to be 60-65 ℃ and the granulation time to be 6-8 min;
(4) after granulation, the material enters a primary dryer, the inlet temperature of the primary dryer is controlled at 105-;
(5) controlling the inlet temperature of the secondary dryer at 85-95 ℃ and drying for 30-35 min;
(6) after drying, respectively carrying out coarse screening and fine screening, wherein the diameter of a screen hole of the coarse screen is 4.5mm, the diameter of a screen hole of the fine screen is 2.0mm, particles with the diameter of more than 4.5mm after coarse screening are crushed by a crusher, powder materials with the diameter of less than 2.0mm after fine screening are returned to a rotary drum granulator, and qualified products enter a cooling machine;
(7) and (4) the qualified product after being cooled for 30-35min enters a wrapping machine, and is packaged after anti-caking treatment.
6. The method for preparing cotton fertilizer containing all-nitrogen as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fermentation inoculum is Em bacteria.
7. The method for preparing the fertilizer containing all-nitrogen specially used for cotton according to claim 5, wherein the drying process adopts a secondary drying treatment.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103193535A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-10 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Quick-acting slow-released compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103265381A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-08-28 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Green environment-friendly compound fertilizer prepared from three kinds of organic-inorganic nitrogen and preparation method thereof |
| CN109851453A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-07 | 黑龙江金合康肥业有限公司 | Organic and inorganic environmental protection and public nuisance free compound fertilizer |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103193535A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-10 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Quick-acting slow-released compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103265381A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-08-28 | 天津芦阳化肥股份有限公司 | Green environment-friendly compound fertilizer prepared from three kinds of organic-inorganic nitrogen and preparation method thereof |
| CN109851453A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-07 | 黑龙江金合康肥业有限公司 | Organic and inorganic environmental protection and public nuisance free compound fertilizer |
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