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CN111573004B - 一种组合容纳盒及其制造装置 - Google Patents

一种组合容纳盒及其制造装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111573004B
CN111573004B CN202010273152.4A CN202010273152A CN111573004B CN 111573004 B CN111573004 B CN 111573004B CN 202010273152 A CN202010273152 A CN 202010273152A CN 111573004 B CN111573004 B CN 111573004B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cutting blade
blade
connecting bridge
cutting
precutting
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Application number
CN202010273152.4A
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English (en)
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CN111573004A (zh
Inventor
马努埃尔·冈萨雷斯
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Industrias Tecnologicas de Mecanizacion y Automatizacion SA
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Industrias Tecnologicas de Mecanizacion y Automatizacion SA
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    • B65D21/00—Nestable, stackable or joinable containers; Containers of variable capacity
    • B65D21/02—Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together
    • B65D21/0201—Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together stackable or joined together side-by-side
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    • B29C59/007—Forming single grooves or ribs, e.g. tear lines, weak spots
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    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
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    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种组合容纳盒，其包括多个独立容纳盒(11)，各独立容纳盒均由至少包含一层PET层(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)的塑料板(L)形成，各独立容纳盒(11)通过连接桥(12)连接，所述连接桥上设置有用于断开所述连接桥的上预切割线(13)和下预切割线(14)。所述上预切割线(13)和下预切割线(14)在水平方向上平行且横向间隔，并在垂直方向相互间隔，以避免压缩热量过高时和PET层特性改变，同时，通过在上、下预切割线处旋转容纳盒能够整齐地使连接桥断开。本发明还提供一种制造组合容纳盒的装置。

Description

一种组合容纳盒及其制造装置
技术领域
本发明涉及应用于食品工业的组合容纳盒的制造领域，尤其涉及包装酸奶、吉士多、蛋奶冻、果冻或类似的食品的容纳盒。
背景技术
在食品工业容纳盒的制造中，通常采用塑料材料制成的单层或多层板来制作组合容纳盒。这些组合容纳盒具有多个单独的空腔或容纳盒，这些空腔或容纳盒通过设置在塑料板中的连接桥连接。
一旦各个独立容纳盒被装满并封闭，各容纳盒将被执行切割操作，该操作中将加工容纳盒的部分结构的形状，并进行预切割操作，所述预切割操作在连接桥上设置预切割线，所述预切割线将用于实现组合容纳盒的各独立容纳盒后续的断开分离。
通常地，用于制造食品容纳盒的材料是热塑性聚合物，尽管聚苯乙烯(PS)是容纳盒热成型制造中最常用的材料。
最受欢迎的酸奶和甜点产品目前正采用PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)包装替换PS(聚苯乙烯)包装，因为后者是100％可回收和再利用的。
然而，类比于PS材料的容纳盒的预切割工序，现有技术未给出PET容纳盒间连接桥的预切割方法令各容纳盒可以通过朝预切割线垂直旋转来断开。
一些预切割系统在将聚苯乙烯(PS)管线的预切割技术应用于至少包含一层聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)层的容纳盒，但其产品质量欠佳，这是因为PET材料的物理特性使得消费者在旋转掰开各独立容纳盒时容纳盒间断口不均匀，并将产生凹凸不平的缺口，容易割伤消费者。
在专利FR 3022818A1中，切割和预切割操作是由配备有下部模具和冲头固定板的模具执行的，冲头固定板包括用于制造预切割线的刀片，各刀片从所述冲头固定板向外部分突起，工作时仅在容纳盒的上表面上形成折痕或预切割线。
专利US 2014366694A1和ES 222926T T3描述了用于切割塑料材料的装置，其包括朝上和朝下的刀片，能够在材料的相反两面上切割出预切割线。
上述这些装置的问题在于，在各预切割刀片相向运动进行预切割时，由于PET材料是非晶态的，待切割材料的中心区域将被压扁。此压扁过程将会使待切割材料的中心区域温度升高，导致PET材料的分子结构发生变化，变成更具弹性的材料，从而增加了PET的经典铰链效应，因此，为了断开连接桥并分离各容纳盒，必须在相反方向上同时旋转容纳盒，导致容纳盒分离后将在预切割区域留下不规则表面，对消费者造成威胁。
由上述现象得出的技术问题是开发一种组合容纳盒，该容纳盒由包括至少一层PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)层的塑料板形成，且该容纳盒包括多个独立容纳盒。其中，各独立容纳盒通过连接桥梁连接，所述连接桥设有上预切割线和下预切割线，所述上预切割线和下预切割线用于断开所述连接桥并使各独立容纳盒分离，且沿预切割线形成整齐的断口，能够避免断口不规则。分离各独立容纳盒只需像分离PS(聚苯乙烯)容纳盒一样简单操作，即只需要相对于预切割线旋转容纳盒，而无需同时反向旋转两个容纳盒。
本发明还提供一种FFS(成形、填充和密封)型或类似的热压成型机，其具有用于制造所述多包装容纳盒的特定特征。
发明内容
本发明的组合容纳盒由包括至少一层PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)层的塑料板形成。所述组合容纳盒包括多个独立容纳盒，各独立容纳盒通过塑料板上具有预设厚度的连接桥连接；所述连接桥设有用于断开桥梁和分离单独的容纳盒的上预切割线和下预切割线。
关于所述上下预切割线，本发明的容纳盒具有旨在解决前述问题的相关特征，使得PET容纳盒或包含至少一层PET层的各独立容纳盒的连接桥的断口整齐，断开各独立容纳盒时，只需朝向垂直于所述预切割线的方向旋转要分离的容纳盒，而无需朝相反方向同时旋转两个容纳盒。
为此，本发明中，所述上预切割线和下预切割线在水平方向上平行且横向间隔，其横向间距取值范围在连接桥厚度的45％至55％之间，其垂直间距取值范围在连接桥厚度的12％至26％之间。
根据上述分离过程，制造上预切割线和下预切割线时，PET材料的纤维有足够的空间而不会被压缩，避免了材料芯部被压扁或温度升高，避免了PET材料的分子结构被改性导致材料更具弹性；因此，PET材料保持其初始特性，只需简单地朝垂直于预切割线的方向旋转容纳盒，就能使各独立容纳盒沿着预切割线轻易断开。
此技术方案通过替换传统的热压成型机中的刀具，能够使PET容纳盒在预切割中获得与PS材料相同的结果。
优选地，考虑到这种组合容纳盒的应用，设置有上预切割线和下预切割线的连接桥的材料厚度的取值范围在0.7mm至1.3mm之间，这使得容纳盒具有适当的稠度且避免材料厚度过大。
本发明还提供一种制造组合容纳盒的装置，在上述特征的基础上，该装置的特征也将包括在权利要求中。
所述制造组合容纳盒的装置包括：与垂直运动的冲压机连接的下部模具、冲头固定板和预切割装置，所述预切割装置包括与冲头固定板连接的上预切割刀片和与下部模具连接的下预切割刀片，所述上预切割刀片和下预切割刀片切入相邻两独立容纳盒之间的连接桥并在连接桥上形成上预切割线和下预切割线，以使所述连接桥断开，并使各个独立容纳盒分离，其中，所述独立容纳盒为PET材料或至少具有一层PET材料层。
根据本发明，所述上预切割刀片和下预切割刀片在水平方向上平行和横向分离，其水平间距的取值范围在0.315mm至0.715mm之间，此方案能够在不压缩PET纤维、不加热连接桥的中心区域且不改变材料的物理特性的前提下，在组合容纳盒的连接桥上制造预切割线。
优选地，所述上预切割刀片与一浮动挡块滑动连接并能够相对浮动挡块垂直移动，且所述上预切割刀片能够相对于冲头固定板受限地垂直移动；所述浮动挡块与一第一校准弹簧连接，所述上预切割刀片与一第二校准弹簧连接。
当所述组合容纳盒被垂直向上推时，即将其朝冲头固定板方向推时，校准弹簧为上预切割刀片提供足够的推力，使其切入所述组合容纳盒的连接桥。
优选地，所述上预切割刀片相对浮动挡块运动的距离范围以及所述上预切割刀片切入塑料材料的深度范围均在0.42mm至0.91mm之间，这适于在先前描述的容纳盒中设置指定深度的上预切割线。
在优选实施例中，下预切割刀片突出于下部模具的距离的取值范围在0.098mm至0.234mm之间，所述下部模具还作为所述下预切割刀片切入所述容纳盒的连接桥时的止动块。
附图说明
作为对本文所提供的描述的补充，并且为了帮助使本发明的特征更容易理解，本说明书附有一组附图，其用于解释而非限制本发明保护范围，具体如下：
图1为本发明的PET材料的组合容纳盒的平面示意图。
图2为图1的组合容纳盒在竖直平面中的截面图和连接桥上可以看到上预切割线和下预切割线设置的区域的局部放大图。
图3为图2中PET组合容纳盒中两个独立容纳盒的竖直截面图，两个独立容纳盒能够朝垂直于预切割线的方向旋转，以折断连接桥并使所述单独容纳盒的分离。
图4a、4b和4c为用于制造图1至3中的组合容纳盒的装置的部分垂直截面图，以及相关局部放大图，其中，各局部放大图展示了在加工上下预切割线时处于三个连续的不同位置的预切割装置。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1和图2，所述组合容纳盒由一塑料板L形成，在本实施例中，所述塑料板L包括一层PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)。
所述组合容纳盒1包括一组通过连接桥12相互连接的独立容纳盒11，所述连接桥12具有预设厚度e并由所述PET板L形成。
在特定实施例中，连接桥的厚度e在0.7mm至1.3mm之间。
如图2中的局部放大图所示，连接桥12设置有一条上预切割线13和一条下预切割线14，两条预切割线在水平方向上平行且横向分离，两预切割线在水平方向上相隔一水平间距d1，所述水平间距d1取值范围在连接桥的厚度e的45％至55％之间；两预切割线在垂直方向上相隔一垂直间距，所述垂直间距d2的取值范围在连接桥12的厚度的12％到26％之间。
在特定实施例中，用于制作连接桥12的材料的厚度为1mm，并且所述上预切割线13和下预切割线14间的水平间距d1为0.5mm，垂直间距d2为0.19mm。
根据上述特征，在生成预切割线的两个位置分别对待加工材料进行压缩能够避免加热连接桥中心区域的PET纤维造成其物理性能的改变，从而允许该PET材料保持其物理性能，实现在所述预切割线处整齐利落地断开所述组合容纳盒1。需要分开独立容纳盒时，只需要将所述容纳盒11朝垂直于预切割线的方向旋转，如图3所示，该操作类似于断开多个聚苯乙烯(PS)容纳盒的操作。
图4a-4c展示了适于制造上述组合容纳盒的热压成型机的部分结构，该热压成型机具有作用于该容纳盒的连接桥的预切割装置。
所述热压成型机包括：与垂直运动的冲压机(图未示)连接的下部模具2、冲头固定板3和预切割装置。所述预切割装置包括：与冲头固定板3连接的上预切割刀片31、与下部模具2连接的下预切割刀片21，所述上预切割刀片31和下预切割刀片21切入任意两个相邻的独立容纳盒11间的连接桥12并在连接桥上形成上预切割线13和下预切割线14，所述上预切割线13和下预切割线14能够使所述连接桥12断开，并使各个独立容纳盒11分离。
在本发明中，所述上预切割刀片31和下预切割刀片21在水平方向上平行和横向分离，其间距的取值范围在0.315mm至0.715mm之间，这使得所述上预切割线13和下预切割线14被水平间隔地设置在所述连接桥12上且其深度位于所述连接桥12厚度e的45％至55％之间。
上预切割刀片31与浮动挡块32滑动连接并能够相对浮动挡块垂直移动，且上预切割刀片31能够相对于冲头固定板3受限地垂直移动。
所述浮动挡块32与一第一校准弹簧33连接，所述上预切割刀片31与一第二校准弹簧34连接。
所述上预切割刀片31相对浮动挡块32运动的距离范围以及所述上预切割刀片31切入塑料材料的深度范围均在0.42mm至0.91mm之间。
反过来，下预切割刀片21突出下部模具2的距离的取值范围在0.098mm至0.234mm之间，所述下部模具2还作为所述下预切割刀片21切入所述容纳盒11的连接桥12时的止动块。
上预切割刀片31和下预切割刀片21均包括第一垂直面和第二斜面，其中，上预切割刀片31和下预切割刀片21的第一垂直面相互平行，上预切割刀片31和下预切割刀片21的第二斜面反向岔开远离。这种结构使上预切割刀片和下预切割刀片施加在刀片间的PET纤维上的压力降至最低。
如图4a-4c所示，上述预切割装置的功能如下：
下部模具2通过冲压压头(图未示)抵住待加工材料以备下预切割刀片21的切割和上预切割刀片31的后续移动。
上预切割刀片31能够移动到浮动挡块32允许的位置，从而按照预设切割百分比精确切割板材。其中，由于具有上述特征的切割装置中涉及的所有刀片都是独立的，并且各刀片工作时动作相同，因此，对切割装置的预切割效果真正起到限定作用的因素是待加工材料的厚度，具体地，所述切割装置通过下部模具2的冲压压头结构和浮动挡块32结构限定待加工材料的厚度。
为了获得上述结果，本发明提供一种驱动系统，该系统确保任一预切割产品中的每一条预切割线在制造时完全相同，不受装置系统的平面度和材料厚度偏差的影响。
下部模具2和下预切割刀片21随冲压机的移动而垂直移动，将PET片L上顶并抵住浮动挡块32，所述浮动挡块设置在与第一校准弹簧33连接的位置，以承受必要的切削力，进而使下预切割刀片21切入待加工材料，制作下预切割线14。随着切割冲压机的继续上移，所述浮动挡块32垂直上移并压缩第一校准弹簧33，进而使它们移动适当的距离使得上预切割刀片31切入待加工板材L材料并切割出上预切割线13。
上预切割刀片31与第二校准弹簧34连接，该弹簧允许上预切割刀片31和浮动挡块32同时移动，以抵消系统的平面高低偏差，确保整个装置的每次预切割均等。
在充分描述了本发明的性质之后，除了优选的示例性实施例之外，基于本发明的发明目的，在此声明，本发明中各元件的材料、形状、尺寸和布局可以被修改，只要该改动属于本发明的权利要求和等同技术范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种组合容纳盒，其包括多个独立容纳盒(11)，所述独立容纳盒(11)均由包含至少一层PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)层的塑料板(L)形成，其中各独立容纳盒(11)由塑料板(L)上具有预定厚度(e)的连接桥(12)连接；所述连接桥(12)设有用于断开连接桥(12)并使独立容纳盒(11)分离的上预切割线(13)和下预切割线(14)，其特征在于：所述上预切割线(13)和下预切割线(14)分别在所述塑料板(L)两侧板面上延伸且延伸方向相互平行；沿其延伸方向投影，所述上预切割线(13)和所述下预切割线(14)在连接桥厚度(e)方向以及与所述连接桥厚度(e)方向相垂直的水平方向上均具有间隙，水平方向上的横向间距(d1)取值范围在连接桥厚度(e)的45％至55％之间，厚度方向上的垂直间距(d2)取值范围在连接桥厚度(e)的12％至26％之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合容纳盒，其特征在于：所述连接桥厚度的取值范围在0.7mm至1.3mm之间。
3.一种用于制造如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的组合容纳盒的装置，其包括：与垂直运动的冲压机连接的下部模具(2)、冲头固定板(3)和预切割装置，所述预切割装置包括与冲头固定板(3)连接的上预切割刀片(31)和与下部模具(2)连接的下预切割刀片(21)，所述上预切割刀片(31)和下预切割刀片(21)分别切入连接相邻两独立容纳盒(11)之间的连接桥(12)并在连接桥上形成相互平行的上预切割线(13)和下预切割线(14)；其特征在于：沿所述上预切割刀片(31)或所述下预切割刀片(21)刀刃延伸方向投影，所述上预切割刀片(31)和所述下预切割刀片(21)相互靠近时，所述上预切割刀片(31)和所述下预切割刀片(21)的刀刃在与冲切方向垂直的水平方向上具有间隙，其水平间距的取值范围在0.315mm至0.715mm之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于：所述上预切割刀片(31)与一浮动挡块(32)滑动连接并能够相对浮动挡块垂直移动，且所述浮动挡块(32)能够相对于冲头固定板(3)受限的垂直移动；所述浮动挡块(32)与一第一校准弹簧(33)连接，预切割刀片(31)与一第二校准弹簧(34)连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于：所述上预切割刀片(31)相对浮动挡块(32)运动的距离范围以及所述上预切割刀片(31)切入塑料材料的深度范围均在0.42mm至0.91mm之间。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任一项权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于：所述下预切割刀片(21)突出于下部模具(2)的距离的取值范围在0.098mm至0.234mm之间，所述下部模具(2)还作为所述下预切割刀片(21)切入所述容纳盒(11)的连接桥(12)时的止动块。
7.根据权利要求3至5中任一项权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于：所述上预切割刀片(31)和下预切割刀片(21)均包括第一垂直面以及第二斜面，其中，所述上预切割刀片(31)的第一垂直面与所述下预切割刀片(21)的第一垂直面相互平行，且所述上预切割刀片(31)的第二斜面与所述下预切割刀片(21)的第二斜面反向岔开远离。
8.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于：所述上预切割刀片(31)和下预切割刀片(21)均包括第一垂直面以及第二斜面，其中，所述上预切割刀片(31)的第一垂直面与所述下预切割刀片(21)的第一垂直面相互平行，且所述上预切割刀片(31)的第二斜面与所述下预切割刀片(21)的第二斜面反向岔开远离。
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