CN111567305A - A kind of interplanting method of cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for interplanting cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland. The woodland to be planted is deeply ploughed, weeds, weeds and stones are removed, organic fertilizer is applied at a dosage of 1200-1500kg per mu, and the soil is reclaimed. After being placed for half a month, it will become a forest to be planted; plant cinnamon according to the requirements of a row spacing of 2-3m and a plant spacing of 2-2.5m. The cinnamon planting row is 40-50cm; the citronella seedlings are transplanted to the woodland in October-November every year, and the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted in February-March of the second year when the citronella plant height is more than 1.2m; After a month, the lemongrass can be harvested, and then the water and fertilizer management is carried out. By adopting the interplanting mode of cinnamon and citronella, the method can make full use of the open space after cinnamon afforestation and prevent the growth of weeds; the odor emitted by citronella also has the effect of preventing and controlling diseases and pests; citronella has strong vitality and developed root system, and also has the ability to retain water The effect of fertilizer protection, slope protection and soil erosion control.

Description

A kind of interplanting method of cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of economic forestry, in particular to a method for interplanting cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland.

Background technique

Cinnamomum cassia Presl., also known as Yugui, is a tropical and south subtropical evergreen tree of Lauraceae. Guangxi is the main producing area of cinnamon, and the products made of cinnamon oil and cinnamon bark account for about 60% of the country's total output. accounting for 60% of the country's total output. Cinnamon oil is extracted from cinnamon bark, branches and leaves by steam distillation. It mainly contains benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, coumarin, cinnamyl acetate, trans-o-methoxycinnamaldehyde, etc. Cinnamon oil can be separated to obtain cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl acetate and other substances. Cinnamaldehyde is mainly used to prepare daily flavors such as frangipani, lily of the valley, rose, etc. It is also used as food spice to make food have cinnamon flavor. Cinnamaldehyde is also a source of medicinal products.

Intermediate. Cinnamyl acetate is mainly used as blending spice and fixative for hyacinth, clove, lily-of-the-valley, frangipani, jasmine and other flavors, and as a corrective for cinnamyl alcohol. Due to the long growth cycle of cinnamon, the slow formation of forests, and the large investment in cinnamon afforestation, there is basically no profit in the first few years after planting. At the same time, after early afforestation, the open space in the forest is large, which is easy to breed weeds, diseases and insect pests, and easily cause soil erosion.

Lemongrass generally refers to the herbaceous plants of the genus Cymbopogon Spreng. whose stems and leaves contain volatile oil and have a certain cultivation and management area. and other varieties, mainly distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Taiwan, Fujian, Hainan and other provinces. Due to the difference of citronella varieties, its aromatic oil will contain different main components. For example, lemongrass mainly contains citral, and Java citronella mainly contains citronellal, citronellol and geraniol. These essential oils have been widely used in the food, daily chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The citronella residue after steaming oil can be used to develop citronella waste residue organic fertilizer or as a feed additive after fermentation. Lemongrass stalk is more unique in edible and medicinal uses. It is not only a spice for various foods, but also an essential seasoning ingredient in Southeast Asian national cuisine. The whole herb of citronella is used as medicine. In addition to the curative effects of dispelling wind, removing blood stasis and dredging collaterals, it also has the functions of deodorization and sterilization. It can also be used for tea making and bathing. It is a rare good medicinal material. Lemongrass is extremely adaptable, likes high temperature and humidity, and is not resistant to cold and flooding.

The intercropping mode is through the proper combination of different crops, which can improve the utilization rate of light energy and land, reduce the impact of natural disasters and pests and diseases, and achieve stable yield and guaranteed income. In order to make full use of the vacant land area after early afforestation of cinnamon and prevent the growth of weeds, the invention adopts the method of intercropping of cinnamon and citronella, which can also increase the income of farmers and is beneficial to popularize large-scale planting of cinnamon.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for interplanting cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland. The method adopts the interplanting mode of cinnamon and citronella, which can not only make full use of the open space after cinnamon afforestation and prevent the growth of weeds, but also the odor emitted by citronella can control diseases and pests, improve the survival rate of cinnamon seedlings, and improve the root system of citronella. It also has the effects of water and fertilizer conservation, slope protection, and soil erosion control.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A method for interplanting cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland, comprising the following steps:

(1) Select the forest land with an altitude of 200-500m, tropical and subtropical regions, and leeward and sunny; deep plough more than 40cm of the forest land to be planted, remove weeds, weeds and stones, and apply organic fertilizer at a rate of 1200-1500kg per mu. The soil is then reclaimed and placed for half a month to become the forest land to be planted;

(2) Cinnamon is planted according to the requirements of row spacing of 2-3m and plant spacing of 2-2.5m. Lemongrass is interplanted in the cinnamon woodland according to the row and plant spacing of 80-100cm×100-120cm, and the plant spacing between cinnamon and citronella is staggered. , Lemongrass is 40-50cm away from the cinnamon planting row;

(3) Transplant the citronella seedlings to the woodland from October to November every year. When the citronella plant height is more than 1.2m, the cinnamon seedlings will be transplanted from February to March of the second year;

(4) Lemongrass can be harvested 1 month after the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted; after that, the citronella can be harvested when it grows to more than 1.2m, and organic fertilizer is applied once every two harvests, and each plant is applied with 1kg; Fertilize once in May and October in the first two years after planting cinnamon, and apply 0.5kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer to each plant each time. In the third and fourth years, 1kg of organic fertilizer and 1kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each plant. In five years, 2kg of organic fertilizer and 2kg of compound fertilizer were applied per plant each time.

Further, the organic fertilizer includes the following raw materials by weight: 50-100 parts of cinnamon residue, 100-200 parts of camellia husk, 100-200 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 5-15 parts of peanut dry, and 10 parts of tea pulp. -20 parts, 5-15 parts of grain bran, 1-3 parts of compound bacteria and 0.5-2 parts of ammonium bicarbonate.

Further, the mass ratio of photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Gram-positive, actinomycetes and Aspergillus in the compound bacteria is 3-5:5-10:1-3:0.5-2: 3-5:1-3.

Further, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: after weighing the cinnamon residue, camellia husk, sugar mill filter mud, peanut dry and grain bran according to the proportions and mixing them evenly, then adding compound bacteria and ammonium bicarbonate and mixing them evenly. After 2-4 weeks of fermentation, organic fertilizer is obtained.

Further, the compound fertilizer is N:P:K=15:15:15.

Further, the citronella is harvested from 10-15 cm from the upper part of the leaves each time.

Further, the height of the cinnamon is a cutting seedling of 40-60 cm.

Further, the cinnamon planting woodland is selected from red soil, red soil or red brick red soil with a pH of 4.5-5.5.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. By adopting the interplanting mode of cinnamon and citronella, this method can make full use of the open space after cinnamon afforestation and prevent the growth of weeds; the odor emitted by citronella also has the effect of preventing and controlling diseases and pests, improving the survival rate of cinnamon seedlings; The strong vitality and well-developed root system also have the effects of water and fertilizer conservation, slope protection, and soil erosion control. After harvesting, the interplanted citronella can be used to extract essential oils, as feed additives or as condiments, which significantly increases the income of farmers, which is beneficial to Large-scale promotion of cinnamon cultivation.

2. The organic fertilizer applied in the planting process of the present invention utilizes forestry processing residues of cinnamon residue, camellia husk and tea meal to produce organic fertilizer, which will make forestry processing residues fully utilized as resources; The organic fertilizer obtained by the fermentation of bacteria, such as raw materials such as cinnamon and citronella, is rich in nutrients and provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of cinnamon and citronella. Tea meal also contains tea saponin, which has a good control of diseases and pests. effect, expand the ecological industry chain of cinnamon, with good ecological, social and economic benefits

3. The organic fertilizer provided by the present invention also adds photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Gram-positive, actinomycetes and Aspergillus mixed fermented strains, which can both utilize microbial fermentation and metabolize to decompose cinnamon. Biomacromolecules such as cellulose, polysaccharide, protein, and vitamins in raw materials such as slag, camellia husk, and chamomile can be converted into small molecular nutrients that can be directly used by crops. The root microbial structure can enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops and improve the soil structure.

4. When the citronella is harvested by the method of the present invention, the harvesting part starts from the upper 10-15 cm of the leaf, and the harvesting part can make the harvested citronella grow rapidly, and it can be harvested once in 2 months, and the harvesting cycle Significantly shortened, and economic benefits significantly improved.

5. This method starts to transplant citronella in autumn and winter, and then transplants cinnamon seedlings after the citronella grows tall. The citronella can provide shade for the cinnamon seedlings and improve the survival rate of the cinnamon seedlings. In addition, citronella needs to be replanted 3-4 years after planting. In order not to affect the growth of cinnamon, the planting density of citronella should be appropriately reduced when replanting. The two interplanting modes complement each other and achieve the purpose of stable yield and guaranteed income.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention and its application.

A woodland in Fangchenggang City, Guangxi Province was selected as a cinnamon planting test base, with a red brick red soil with a pH of 4.5-5.0, an altitude of 100-200m, and a leeward facing sun. The climate in this area is subtropical monsoon climate, with abundant light and heat, rain and heat in the same season, and summer is long and winter is short.

Example 1

A method for interplanting cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland, comprising the following steps:

(1) Deep plough more than 40cm of the forest land to be planted, remove weeds, weeds and stones, apply organic fertilizer at an amount of 1300kg per mu, then reclaim the soil, and leave it for half a month to become the forest land to be planted;

(2) Cinnamon is planted according to the requirements of row spacing of 2.5m and plant spacing of 2m. Lemongrass is interplanted in the cinnamon woodland according to the row and plant spacing of 80-90cm×100cm. The plant spacing between cinnamon and citronella is staggered, and the distance between citronella and cinnamon is planted. line at 40cm;

(3) Transplant the citronella seedlings to the woodland in November. When the citronella plant height is more than 1.2m, the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted in March of the second year, and the height of the cinnamon seedlings is 40-60cm;

(4) Lemongrass can be harvested 1 month after the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted; then it can be harvested when the citronella grows to more than 1.2m. Each harvest of citronella starts from 10-15 cm from the upper part of the leaves Harvest, apply organic fertilizer once after each harvest, and apply 1kg to each plant; apply fertilizer once in May and October in the first two years after cinnamon planting, and apply 0.5kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer to each plant each time. In the third or fourth year, 1kg of organic fertilizer and 1kg of compound fertilizer will be applied per plant, and in the fifth year, 2kg of organic fertilizer and 2kg of compound fertilizer will be applied per plant.

The organic fertilizer applied in this example includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of cinnamon residue, 150 parts of camellia husk, 120 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 15 parts of peanut dry, 10 parts of tea meal, 10 parts of grain bran, compound 2 parts of bacteria and 1.5 parts of ammonium bicarbonate. The mass ratio of photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Gram-positive, actinomycetes and Aspergillus in the compound bacteria is 3:5:2:1:5:2. The preparation method is as follows: after weighing cinnamon residue, camellia husk, sugar mill filter mud, peanut dryness and grain bran according to the proportions and mixing evenly, then adding compound strains and ammonium bicarbonate, mixing them evenly, and fermenting for 3-4 weeks to obtain the preparation method. Organic Fertilizer.

In this example, 1200 cinnamon seedlings were transplanted, and 1196 survived, and the height of cinnamon was 3.5-4m three years after transplanting. Five batches of citronella can be harvested each year, and the yield per mu can reach 7-8 tons a year, and the income of farmers has increased significantly.

Example 2

A method for interplanting cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland, comprising the following steps:

(1) Deeply ploughing the forest land to be planted for more than 40cm, remove weeds, weeds and stones, apply organic fertilizer at an amount of 1500kg per mu, and then reclaim the soil and leave it for half a month to become the forest land to be planted;

(2) Cinnamon is planted according to the requirements of row spacing of 3m and plant spacing of 2m. Lemongrass is interplanted in the cinnamon woodland according to the row and plant spacing of 100cm×100cm. The plant spacing between cinnamon and citronella is staggered, and the distance between citronella and cinnamon is 50cm. ;

(3) Transplant the citronella seedlings to the woodland in November. When the citronella plant height is more than 1.2m, the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted in March of the second year, and the height of the cinnamon seedlings is 40-60cm;

(4) Lemongrass can be harvested 1 month after the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted; then it can be harvested when the citronella grows to more than 1.2m. Each harvest of citronella starts from 10-15 cm from the upper part of the leaves Harvest, apply organic fertilizer once after each harvest, and apply 1kg to each plant; apply fertilizer once in May and October in the first two years after cinnamon planting, and apply 0.5kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer to each plant each time. In the third or fourth year, 1kg of organic fertilizer and 1kg of compound fertilizer will be applied per plant, and in the fifth year, 2kg of organic fertilizer and 2kg of compound fertilizer will be applied per plant.

The organic fertilizer applied in this example includes the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of cinnamon residue, 100 parts of camellia husk, 150 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 10 parts of peanut dry, 15 parts of tea meal, 15 parts of grain bran, compound 3 parts of bacteria and 2 parts of ammonium bicarbonate. The mass ratio of photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Gram-positive, actinomycetes and Aspergillus in the compound bacteria is 5:8:1:2:3:3. The preparation method is as follows: after weighing cinnamon slag, camellia husk, sugar mill filter mud, peanut dryness and grain bran according to the proportion and mixing uniformly, then adding compound strain and ammonium bicarbonate, mixing uniformly, and fermenting for 3-4 weeks to obtain the preparation method. Organic Fertilizer.

In this example, 800 cinnamon seedlings were transplanted, and 797 survived, and the height of cinnamon three years after transplanting was 3.5-4 m. Five batches of citronella can be harvested each year, and the yield per mu can reach 7-8 tons a year, and the income of farmers has increased significantly.

Example 3

A method for interplanting cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland, comprising the following steps:

(1) Deeply ploughing the forest land to be planted by more than 40cm, remove weeds, weeds and stones, apply organic fertilizer at an amount of 1200kg per mu, and then reclaim the soil and leave it for half a month to become the forest land to be planted;

(2) Cinnamon is planted according to the requirements of row spacing of 2.5m and plant spacing of 2.5m. Lemongrass is interplanted in the cinnamon woodland according to the row and plant spacing of 85cm×100cm. The plant spacing between cinnamon and citronella is staggered, and the distance between citronella and cinnamon planting row is staggered. at 40cm;

(3) Transplant the citronella seedlings to the woodland in November. When the citronella plant height is more than 1.2m, the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted in March of the second year, and the height of the cinnamon seedlings is 40-60cm;

(4) Lemongrass can be harvested 1 month after the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted; after that, it can be harvested when the citronella grows above 1.2m. Each harvest of citronella starts from 10-15 cm from the upper part of the leaves Harvest, apply organic fertilizer once after each harvest, and apply 1kg to each plant; apply fertilizer once in May and October in the first two years after cinnamon planting, and apply 0.5kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer to each plant each time. In the third or fourth year, 1kg of organic fertilizer and 1kg of compound fertilizer will be applied per plant, and in the fifth year, 2kg of organic fertilizer and 2kg of compound fertilizer will be applied per plant.

The organic fertilizer applied in this example includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of cinnamon residue, 150 parts of camellia husk, 200 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 10 parts of peanut dry, 10 parts of tea meal, 10 parts of grain bran, compound 2 parts of bacteria and 2 parts of ammonium bicarbonate. The mass ratio of photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Gram-positive, actinomycetes and Aspergillus in the compound bacteria is 4:5:2:2:3:2. The preparation method is as follows: after weighing cinnamon slag, camellia husk, sugar mill filter mud, peanut dryness and grain bran according to the proportion and mixing uniformly, then adding compound strain and ammonium bicarbonate, mixing uniformly, and fermenting for 3-4 weeks to obtain the preparation method. Organic Fertilizer.

In this example, 1000 cinnamon seedlings were transplanted, and 989 survived, and the height of cinnamon was 3.5-4m three years after transplanting. Five batches of citronella can be harvested each year, and the yield per mu can reach 7-8 tons a year, and the income of farmers has increased significantly.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific/preferred embodiments, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the concept of the present invention, they can also make several substitutions or modifications to the described embodiments, and these substitutions or modifications should be regarded as It belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an interplanting method of hillside woodland cinnamon, citronella, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: Select the forest land with an altitude of 200-500m, tropical and subtropical regions, and leeward and sunny; deep plough the forest land to be planted by more than 40cm, remove weeds, weeds and stones, apply organic fertilizer at a rate of 1200-1500kg per mu, and then soil the soil After reclamation and placement for half a month, it becomes the forest land to be planted; Cinnamon is planted according to the requirements of row spacing of 2-3m and plant spacing of 2-2.5m. Lemongrass is interplanted in the cinnamon woodland according to the row and plant spacing of 80-100cm×100-120cm. The plant spacing between cinnamon and citronella is staggered. The distance from the cinnamon planting row is 40-50cm; The citronella seedlings are transplanted to the woodland from October to November every year. When the height of the citronella plant is more than 1.2m, the cinnamon seedlings will be transplanted from February to March of the second year; One month after the cinnamon seedlings are transplanted, the citronella can be harvested; after that, the citronella can be harvested when it grows to more than 1.2m, and organic fertilizer is applied once every two harvests, with 1kg per plant; after the cinnamon is planted Fertilize once in May and October in the first two years, 0.5kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer per plant each time, and 1kg of organic fertilizer and 1kg of compound fertilizer per plant from the third and fourth year, and 1kg of compound fertilizer per plant from the fifth year Each plant was fertilized with 2kg of organic fertilizer and 2kg of compound fertilizer. 2. the interplanting method of hillside woodland cinnamon, citronella according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described organic fertilizer comprises the raw material of following parts by weight: 50-100 parts of cinnamon slag, 100-200 parts of Camellia oleifera husk, Sugar mill filter mud 100-200 parts, dried peanuts 5-15 parts, tea meal 10-20 parts, grain bran 5-15 parts, compound bacteria 1-3 parts and ammonium bicarbonate 0.5-2 parts. 3. the intercropping method of hillside woodland cinnamon, citronella according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described compound bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactobacillus acidophilus, gram positive, actinomycetes and aspergillus The mass ratio is 3-5:5-10:1-3:0.5-2:3-5:1-3. 4. the intercropping method of hillside woodland cinnamon, citronella according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described organic fertilizer comprises the steps: take by weighing cinnamon slag, camellia oleifera husk, sugar mill filter mud, peanut in proportion After the dry and bran are evenly mixed, compound strains and ammonium bicarbonate are added to mix evenly, and then fermented for 2-4 weeks to obtain organic fertilizer. 5. the intercropping method of hillside woodland cinnamon, citronella according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described compound fertilizer is N:P:K=15:15:15. 6 . The interplanting method of cinnamon and citronella in hillside woodland according to claim 1 , wherein the citronella is harvested from 10-15 centimeters away from the upper part of the leaf every time. 7 . 7. the interplanting method of hillside woodland cinnamon, citronella according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of described cinnamon seedling is the cutting seedling of 40-60cm. 8. according to the interplanting method of cinnamon, citronella in hillside woodland of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cinnamon planting woodland is selected from red soil, red soil or red brick red soil with pH of 4.5-5.5.