CN111534362A - Extraction method of rice bran oil - Google Patents
Extraction method of rice bran oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111534362A CN111534362A CN202010232922.0A CN202010232922A CN111534362A CN 111534362 A CN111534362 A CN 111534362A CN 202010232922 A CN202010232922 A CN 202010232922A CN 111534362 A CN111534362 A CN 111534362A
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- rice bran
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting rice bran oil, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out extrusion and puffing and low-temperature squeezing on rice bran to obtain oil and rice bran cakes, then adding water into the rice bran cakes to adjust the water content, inoculating mucor to carry out solid state fermentation, drying and carrying out low-temperature squeezing on the obtained rice bran leavening, collecting the oil, and then combining the oil obtained by two-time extraction to obtain the rice bran oil. The extraction method can effectively extract the grease in the rice bran, obviously improve the extraction efficiency of the rice bran oil and the content of active ingredients in the rice bran oil, and has simple process, lower cost, safety and no pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice bran oil extraction processes, in particular to a method for extracting rice bran oil.
Background
China is a large country for rice production, and rice bran is a surface layer attached to brown rice after rice husking and is a main byproduct of rice processing. For a long time, the rice bran is mainly used as feed, and the added value is extremely low. The rice bran oil contains about 20 percent of rice bran, contains a large amount of unsaturated fatty acid, and also contains biological active substances such as VE, oryzanol, sitosterol and the like, has the functions of preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis, and is edible health-care oil with very good prospect. The research and development related to the rice bran oil are carried out, and the comprehensive utilization of the rice bran is very important.
At present, the extraction method of rice bran oil mainly adopts a solvent extraction method and a mechanical squeezing method. The solvent extraction method easily causes solvent residues in the extracted rice bran oil, and has certain potential safety hazards; the mechanical squeezing method is to squeeze the rice bran oil from the rice bran by the action of mechanical external force, has the advantages of simple process and low cost, and is widely applied to actual production. However, the extraction rate of the mechanical rice bran oil pressing method is low, which causes the waste of resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an extraction method of rice bran oil.
The invention provides a rice bran oil extraction method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the rice bran into an extrusion puffing machine for extrusion puffing, and crushing to obtain puffed rice bran powder;
s2, squeezing the puffed rice bran powder at low temperature to obtain grease and rice bran cakes;
s3, adding water into the rice bran cakes to adjust the water content, and obtaining a rice bran fermentation substrate;
s4, inoculating mucor in the rice bran fermentation substrate for solid state fermentation to obtain a rice bran fermented product;
s5, drying the rice bran leavening to adjust the water content, then squeezing at low temperature, and collecting oil;
s6, combining the grease obtained in the step S2 and the step S5 to obtain the rice bran oil.
Preferably, in the step S4, the Mucor is inoculated by uniformly spraying Mucor spore suspension on the rice bran fermentation substrate, wherein the dosage of the Mucor spore suspension is 0.2-0.5% of the weight of the rice bran fermentation substrate, and the concentration of the Mucor spore suspension is 1 × 104-1×106CFU/mL。
Preferably, the water content of the rice bran fermentation substrate is 45-65%.
Preferably, in the step S4, the temperature of the solid state fermentation is 28-32 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30-50 h.
Preferably, in the step S1, the barrel temperature of the extrusion and expansion is 120-; preferably, the water content of the rice bran is 10-18%.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of low-temperature pressing is 40-60 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 20-50 r/min; preferably, the water content of the puffed rice bran powder is 2-5%.
Preferably, in the step S5, the fermented rice bran is dried to have a water content of 2 to 3%.
Preferably, in the step S5, the temperature of the low-temperature pressing is 20-40 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 10-40 r/min.
Rice bran oil is prepared by the extraction method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the extraction method comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out extrusion and puffing and low-temperature squeezing on rice bran to obtain oil and rice bran cakes, then adding water into the rice bran cakes to adjust the water content, inoculating mucor for solid fermentation, collecting the oil after carrying out extrusion and puffing and low-temperature squeezing on the obtained rice bran leavening, and then combining the oil obtained by two-time extraction to obtain the rice bran oil. The extrusion puffing can partially degrade fibers in the material, so that the efficiency of low-temperature squeezing in the first step is improved, the first oil yield is improved, the effect of inactivating lipase originally existing in rice bran is achieved, and the degradation of oil in the subsequent fermentation treatment is reduced; the solid-state fermentation of the mucor can further degrade components such as protein, fiber, starch and the like in the materials, the material tissues become loose, the combination of the grease and other components is not tight any more, and the separation of the grease can be effectively promoted, so that the extraction rate of the rice bran oil is obviously improved, and the method has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and convenient subsequent treatment, and the solid-state fermentation treatment of the mucor can improve the content of unsaturated fatty acid serving as an active component in the materials and increase the nutritional value of the rice bran oil. The invention combines the extrusion puffing, the mucor solid state fermentation treatment and the low-temperature squeezing in a proper treatment sequence under proper treatment conditions, thereby overcoming the defect of low extraction efficiency of rice bran oil extracted by the traditional squeezing method, providing an effective extraction method which has simple process, lower cost, safety and no pollution, not only effectively extracting the grease in the rice bran and remarkably improving the extraction efficiency of the rice bran oil, but also obtaining the rice bran oil with high content of active ingredients and good quality.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A method for extracting rice bran oil comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the rice bran with the water content of 10% into an extrusion puffing machine, carrying out extrusion puffing under the conditions that the machine barrel temperature is 120 ℃, the hole diameter of a die hole is 14mm and the rotating speed of a screw is 140r/min, and crushing to obtain puffed rice bran powder with the water content of 2%;
s2, squeezing the puffed rice bran powder at a low temperature of 40 ℃ and at a screw rotation speed of 20r/min to obtain grease and rice bran cakes;
s3, adding water into the rice bran cakes, and adjusting the water content to 65% to obtain a rice bran fermentation substrate;
s4, adjusting the concentration to 1 × 104Uniformly spraying the CFU/mL mucor spore suspension on the rice bran fermentation substrate, and performing solid state fermentation for 30h at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a rice bran fermented product, wherein the using amount of the mucor spore suspension is 0.5% of the weight of the rice bran fermentation substrate;
s5, drying the rice bran leavening, adjusting the water content to 2%, then performing low-temperature squeezing at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the screw rotation speed of 10r/min, and collecting oil;
s6, combining the grease obtained in the step S2 and the step S5 to obtain the rice bran oil.
Example 2
A method for extracting rice bran oil comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the rice bran with the water content of 18% into an extrusion puffing machine, carrying out extrusion puffing under the conditions that the temperature of a machine barrel is 150 ℃, the aperture of a die hole is 20mm and the rotating speed of a screw is 180r/min, and crushing to obtain puffed rice bran powder with the water content of 5%;
s2, squeezing the puffed rice bran powder at a low temperature of 60 ℃ and at a screw rotation speed of 50r/min to obtain grease and rice bran cakes;
s3, adding water into the rice bran cakes, and adjusting the water content to 45% to obtain a rice bran fermentation substrate;
s4, adjusting the concentration to 1 × 106Uniformly spraying the CFU/mL mucor spore suspension on the rice bran fermentation substrate, and performing solid state fermentation for 50h at the temperature of 28 ℃ to obtain a rice bran fermented product, wherein the using amount of the mucor spore suspension is 0.2% of the weight of the rice bran fermentation substrate;
s5, drying the rice bran leavening, adjusting the water content to 3%, then performing low-temperature squeezing at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the screw rotation speed of 40r/min, and collecting oil;
s6, combining the grease obtained in the step S2 and the step S5 to obtain the rice bran oil.
Example 3
A method for extracting rice bran oil comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the rice bran with the water content of 15% into an extrusion puffing machine, carrying out extrusion puffing under the conditions that the machine barrel temperature is 140 ℃, the hole diameter of a die hole is 16mm and the rotating speed of a screw is 160r/min, and crushing to obtain puffed rice bran powder with the water content of 3%;
s2, squeezing the puffed rice bran powder at a low temperature under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the screw rotation speed is 40r/min to obtain grease and rice bran cakes;
s3, adding water into the rice bran cakes, and adjusting the water content to 50% to obtain a rice bran fermentation substrate;
s4, adjusting the concentration to 1 × 105Uniformly spraying the CFU/mL mucor spore suspension on the rice bran fermentation substrate, and performing solid state fermentation for 40h at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain a rice bran fermented product, wherein the using amount of the mucor spore suspension is 0.3% of the weight of the rice bran fermentation substrate;
s5, drying the rice bran leavening, adjusting the water content to 2.5%, then performing low-temperature squeezing at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the screw rotation speed of 20r/min, and collecting oil;
s6, combining the grease obtained in the step S2 and the step S5 to obtain the rice bran oil.
Comparative example 1
A method for extracting rice bran oil comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the rice bran with the water content of 15% into an extrusion puffing machine, carrying out extrusion puffing under the conditions that the machine barrel temperature is 140 ℃, the hole diameter of a die hole is 16mm and the rotating speed of a screw is 160r/min, and crushing to obtain first puffed rice bran powder with the water content of 3%;
s2, squeezing the first puffed rice bran powder at a low temperature under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the screw rotation speed is 40r/min to obtain grease and rice bran cakes;
s3, adjusting the water content of the rice bran cake to 2.5%, then carrying out low-temperature squeezing at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the screw rotation speed of 20r/min, and collecting oil;
s4, combining the grease obtained in the step S2 and the step S3 to obtain the rice bran oil.
The extraction rates of the rice bran oils of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 were calculated as follows: the extraction rate is
In the formula m1M is the weight of extracted rice bran oil2The weight of the raw material rice bran. The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 extraction of rice bran oil
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Extraction ratio (%) | 11.3 | 12.2 | 12.7 | 9.4 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the extraction method of the present invention can significantly improve the extraction rate of rice bran oil.
The compositions of fatty acids in the rice bran oils extracted in example 3 and comparative example 1 were analyzed by GC-MS, respectively, and the results showed that the unsaturated fatty acid content in the rice bran oil obtained in example 3 was 64.7% and the unsaturated fatty acid content in the rice bran oil obtained in comparative example 1 was 55.2%. This shows that the extraction method of the invention can greatly improve the content of active substances in the rice bran oil.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The extraction method of rice bran oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding the rice bran into an extrusion puffing machine for extrusion puffing, and crushing to obtain puffed rice bran powder;
s2, squeezing the puffed rice bran powder at low temperature to obtain grease and rice bran cakes;
s3, adding water into the rice bran cakes to adjust the water content, and obtaining a rice bran fermentation substrate;
s4, inoculating mucor in the rice bran fermentation substrate for solid state fermentation to obtain a rice bran fermented product;
s5, drying the rice bran leavening to adjust the water content, then squeezing at low temperature, and collecting oil;
s6, combining the grease obtained in the step S2 and the step S5 to obtain the rice bran oil.
2. The method for extracting rice bran oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Mucor is inoculated by uniformly spraying Mucor spore suspension on the rice bran fermentation substrate in step S4, wherein the Mucor spore suspension is 0.2-0.5 wt% of the rice bran fermentation substrate, and the concentration of the Mucor spore suspension is 1 × 10%4-1×106CFU/mL。
3. The method for extracting rice bran oil as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the water content of the rice bran fermentation substrate is 45-65%.
4. The method for extracting rice bran oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the solid state fermentation is 28 to 32 ℃ and the fermentation time is 30 to 50 hours in the step S4.
5. The method for extracting rice bran oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step S1, the barrel temperature of the extrusion and expansion is 120-; preferably, the water content of the rice bran is 10-18%.
6. The method for extracting rice bran oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of the low temperature pressing is 40-60 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 20-50 r/min; preferably, the water content of the puffed rice bran powder is 2-5%.
7. The method for extracting rice bran oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the rice bran fermented product is dried to a water content of 2 to 3% in the step S5.
8. The method for extracting rice bran oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the temperature of the low temperature pressing is 20 to 40 ℃ and the screw rotation speed is 10 to 40r/min in the step S5.
9. Rice bran oil, obtainable by the extraction process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202010232922.0A CN111534362A (en) | 2020-03-28 | 2020-03-28 | Extraction method of rice bran oil |
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| CN202010232922.0A CN111534362A (en) | 2020-03-28 | 2020-03-28 | Extraction method of rice bran oil |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104263505A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2015-01-07 | 青岛海智源生命科技有限公司 | Pre-treatment method for microbial oil physical refining |
| CN105001975A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-28 | 常州思宇环保材料科技有限公司 | Method for extracting rice bran oil through microorganisms |
| CN105542943A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-04 | 蚌埠市江淮粮油有限公司 | Method for preparing cold squeezing rice bran oil heavy in fragrance |
| CN105586370A (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2016-05-18 | 日本水产株式会社 | Process For Producing Microbial Fat Or Oil Having Lowered Unsaponifiable Matter Content And Said Fat Or Oil |
| CN106318604A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 邵玉华 | Healthcare corn oil preparation method |
-
2020
- 2020-03-28 CN CN202010232922.0A patent/CN111534362A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105586370A (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2016-05-18 | 日本水产株式会社 | Process For Producing Microbial Fat Or Oil Having Lowered Unsaponifiable Matter Content And Said Fat Or Oil |
| CN104263505A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2015-01-07 | 青岛海智源生命科技有限公司 | Pre-treatment method for microbial oil physical refining |
| CN105001975A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-28 | 常州思宇环保材料科技有限公司 | Method for extracting rice bran oil through microorganisms |
| CN105542943A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-04 | 蚌埠市江淮粮油有限公司 | Method for preparing cold squeezing rice bran oil heavy in fragrance |
| CN106318604A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 邵玉华 | Healthcare corn oil preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王兴国编著: "《食用油与健康》", 31 December 2011, 人民军医出版社 * |
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