CN111531479A - Angle-controllable porous surface-mounted grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel and a manufacturing method thereof. The invention adopts the array of small steel needles with a diameter of 0.1 mm to 1 mm to cut fine holes in an orderly arrangement on the grinding wheel patch blank through a special fixture for opening holes, and the angle of the special fixture for opening holes can be adjusted during the hole opening process. Adjust the screw to control the inclination angle of these fine holes, then heat and solidify the grinding wheel patch blank, and then take out the array of small steel needles. Through the above method, the angle controllable porous grinding wheel patch can be obtained, and then these angle controllable porous grinding wheel The patch is bonded to the grinding wheel base to obtain an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel. Because the fine holes on the angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel can effectively absorb the grinding fluid into the grinding area, it is beneficial to reduce the grinding temperature and prevent the workpiece from being burned. In addition, these small holes can increase the chip space of the grinding wheel and prevent the grinding wheel Blockage occurs during grinding, thereby improving the grinding quality of the workpiece surface.

Description

A kind of angle controllable porous patch grinding wheel and its manufacturing method

technical field

The invention relates to a grinding wheel and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

Grinding is one of the finishing methods widely used in machinery manufacturing, but the heat generated during the grinding process is large, and most of the heat is accumulated on the surface of the workpiece. The workpiece is burnt, causing the performance of the workpiece to decline or even be scrapped. The traditional grinding wheel has a small chip space, and the grinding chips are easy to adhere to the surface of the grinding wheel to block the grinding wheel, which will increase the frictional heat during grinding, and at the same time make the contact area between the grinding wheel and the workpiece more compact, resulting in grinding fluid. It is difficult to inject into the grinding contact area and cannot effectively cool the grinding area.

The current grinding wheel manufacturing technology usually adds a foaming agent in the grinding wheel production process to generate pores. These pores can increase the chip space of the grinding wheel and improve the heat dissipation effect to a certain extent. However, these pores are generally not found in the grinding wheel. It is difficult to accurately control the number of pores and the size of the pore volume, which is easy to cause problems such as the reduction of the structural strength of the grinding wheel and the deterioration of the grinding quality.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel and a manufacturing method thereof. Through this method, a porous patch grinding wheel with a diameter of 0.1mm~1mm and a controllable inclination angle can be prepared. The grinding temperature can prevent the workpiece from being burned. In addition, these tiny holes can also increase the chip space of the grinding wheel, prevent the grinding wheel from clogging during grinding, and thus improve the grinding quality of the workpiece.

In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows.

In step 1, a grinding wheel base body that meets the size requirements is manufactured by a machining method.

The second step is to configure the grinding wheel patch base material, which mainly includes abrasives, binders, fillers, wetting agents, and plasticizers. The particle size of the abrasive is 15 μm-150 μm, polyimide resin is used as binder, cryolite (Na3AlF6) and graphite mixed material is used as filler, phenolic resin liquid is used as wetting agent, and low molecular polyamide is used as plasticizer.

Step 3, apply a layer of release agent in the forming mold, and then put the configured grinding wheel patch base material into the forming mold and press it into a grinding wheel patch blank. After the grinding wheel patch blank is pressed, remove the outer baffle of the forming die and put it together with the grinding wheel patch blank into the arc groove of the special jig for hole opening. The forming die has an arc-shaped groove structure, and the radian is consistent with the radian of the grinding wheel patch, and the outer arc baffle of the forming die can be disassembled.

Step 4: Coating the mold release agent on the array steel needle plate, and drilling the array steel needle plate into the press-formed grinding wheel patch blank through the guide groove of the special jig for opening holes. During the drilling process, the angle adjustment screw can be adjusted to control the angle between the guide groove and the grinding wheel patch blank, so that the angle-controllable porous grinding wheel patch can be obtained. The array steel needle plate is precision welding of steel needles with a diameter of 0.1 mm to 1 mm on an arc-shaped steel plate, and the radian of the steel plate is consistent with the radian of the grinding wheel patch. The special fixture for hole opening is designed with a circular arc groove for fixing the forming die, a guide groove for guiding the array steel needle plate, and an adjustment screw for adjusting the angle of the guide groove.

Step 5: Put the grinding wheel patch blank drilled into the array needle plate into the curing furnace together with the forming mold to solidify and form.

In step 6, the array steel needle plate on the grinding wheel patch blank is removed, and the grinding wheel blank is taken out from the forming die to obtain the porous grinding wheel patch.

In the seventh step, the sintered porous grinding wheel patch is bonded to the grinding wheel base to obtain an angle-controllable porous grinding wheel.

Compared with the prior art, the angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel produced by the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

① There are fine and orderly holes on the grinding wheel patch. These fine holes can absorb the grinding fluid into the grinding area, which is beneficial to reduce the grinding temperature and prevent the workpiece from being burned.

②These tiny holes can increase the chip space of the grinding wheel and prevent the grinding wheel from clogging during grinding, thereby improving the grinding quality of the workpiece.

③ Small holes with different inclination angles can be made by adjusting the angle adjustment screws of the special jig for opening holes. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, due to the inertial force of the grinding fluid and the grinding debris and the force generated by the inner wall of the small hole on the grinding fluid and grinding debris in the hole, when the direction of the small hole is the same as the radial direction of the grinding wheel, the small hole When it is not inclined, the ability of the small hole to absorb grinding fluid and the ability to remove chips are balanced; when the inclination direction of the small hole is the same as the rotation direction of the grinding wheel, the grinding fluid and grinding debris in the small hole are easily thrown out, making the small hole easy to be thrown out. The ability of the hole to absorb the grinding fluid is reduced, and the chip removal ability is improved; when the inclination direction of the small hole is opposite to the rotation direction of the grinding wheel, the grinding fluid and grinding debris in the small hole are easily brought inward, which makes the small hole adsorb and grind. The ability of the liquid is improved, and the chip removal ability is reduced. According to different processing requirements, porous patch grinding wheels with different inclination angles can be selected to obtain the best grinding effect.

④The angle of the openings on the grinding wheel patch can be controlled and the holes are arranged in an orderly manner, and the hole diameter and hole spacing can be accurately controlled. The opening of the holes is completed before the grinding wheel patch is cured, and the structural strength of the grinding wheel patch will not be significantly reduced. .

⑤Adopt the structural design that the grinding wheel patch is bonded to the grinding wheel base body. Opening holes on the grinding wheel patch will not affect the structural strength of the grinding wheel base body, and the grinding wheel base body can be recycled.

Description of drawings

Figure 1. Structure diagram of angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel.

Figure 2 SMD structure diagram of a single grinding wheel.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the direction of the small hole being the same as the diameter of the grinding wheel.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the inclination direction of the small hole being the same as the rotation direction of the grinding wheel.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the inclination direction of the small hole being opposite to the rotation direction of the grinding wheel.

Figure 6. Structural diagram of the grinding wheel patch forming mold.

Figure 7. Split view of the grinding wheel patch forming mold.

Fig. 8 Structure diagram of the array steel needle plate.

Figure 9 is a structural diagram of a special fixture for opening holes.

Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the opening of the grinding wheel patch blank.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel includes: a grinding wheel patch (1) and a grinding wheel base body (2).

The diameter of the grinding wheel base body (2) is 150 mm to 250 mm, the width of the grinding wheel base body (2) is 15 mm to 25 mm, and the grinding wheel base body (2) is made of TC4 titanium alloy material. The grinding wheel base body (2) is obtained by machining. When machining the grinding wheel base body (2), first rough turn the two end faces of the base body, drill the inner hole, and then bore the inner hole to the required size. The surface roughness of the end faces and both ends should not be higher than Ra1.6, and the perpendicularity error between the two ends and the axis of the inner hole should be controlled within 0.001mm. Then use the inner hole of the grinding wheel base (2) as the positioning reference, use a small taper mandrel for positioning, and clamp the two centers. The degree value should not be higher than Ra3.2, and the full runout error of the outer surface of the grinding wheel base (2) relative to the axis of the inner hole should be controlled within 0.001mm. After the machining is completed, the outer circular surface of the grinding wheel base body (2) is subjected to sandblasting and roughening treatment. During the sandblasting process, protective layers are attached to both end surfaces of the grinding wheel base body (2) to prevent damage.

As shown in Figure 2, the thickness of the grinding wheel patch (1) is 5mm~15mm, the width is 15mm~25mm, and the number of grinding wheel patches is 20~30. For the small holes (3) within the range of 45° to the left and right, the hole depth is 5mm~15mm, and the horizontal and vertical spacings of the small holes are 0.2mm~2mm.

The small holes (3) in the grinding wheel patch (1) can be provided with different inclination angles. As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5, some small holes of the grinding wheel patch are intercepted for analysis. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, due to the inertial force of the grinding fluid and the grinding debris (4) itself and the force generated by the inner wall of the small hole on the grinding fluid and the grinding debris (4) in the hole, as shown in Figure 3, when the small The direction of the hole (3) is the same as the radial direction of the grinding wheel, that is, when the small hole is not inclined, the ability of the small hole (3) to absorb the grinding fluid and the chip removal ability are balanced; as shown in Figure 4, when the inclined direction of the small hole is the same as the grinding wheel When the direction of rotation is the same, the grinding fluid and grinding debris (4) in the small holes are easily thrown out, which reduces the ability of the small holes to absorb grinding fluid and improves the chip removal ability; as shown in Figure 5, when the small holes When the inclination direction of the small hole is opposite to the rotation direction of the grinding wheel, the grinding fluid and grinding debris (4) in the small hole are easily brought inward, which improves the ability of the small hole to absorb the grinding fluid and reduces the chip removal ability. According to different processing requirements, porous patch grinding wheels with different inclination angles can be selected to obtain the best grinding effect.

Grinding wheel patch (1) The base material can choose abrasive particles with a particle size of 15μm~150μm according to the actual use requirements, such as diamond, cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide and other abrasive particles. The binder of the grinding wheel patch base material is powdered polymer. Imide resin, the filler is made of cryolite (Na3AlF6) and graphite mixed material, the wetting agent is made of phenolic resin liquid, and the plasticizer is made of low molecular polyamide. 30-40 parts of binder, 8-10 parts of filler cryolite (Na3AlF6), 2-4 parts of graphite, 3-6 parts of wetting agent, and 4-8 parts of plasticizer.

The specific steps of the production process of the grinding wheel patch are as follows.

The first step is washing. The abrasive grains are pickled with dilute sulfuric acid with a concentration of 10%~15%, rinsed with clean water, then alkaline washed with a NaOH solution with a concentration of 5%~10%, and finally rinsed with clean water and dried for later use.

The second step is mixing. Put the abrasive and wetting agent into the ball mill according to the proportion and mix thoroughly and evenly, and then sieve. Add the binder, filler and plasticizer into the ball mill and continue to mix with the wetted abrasive grains until uniform, and then sieve, and grind the sieved agglomerates until they can be sieved to obtain the base material.

The third step is to suppress. Prepare a special molding mold (5), preheat the mold to 50°C~60°C, and coat the mold cavity wall with a release agent, and then weigh the mixed base material into the mold as required. Pressing is carried out at a temperature of ℃~170℃, and the pressure is preferably controlled at 20~30MPa. The pressing time is selected according to the width of the grinding wheel patch, and takes 45~75 minutes. Deflate 3 to 5 times within 3 to 8 minutes after pressurization.

The structure of the forming die (5) is shown in Figure 6. The forming die has an arc-shaped groove structure, and the radian is consistent with the radian of the grinding wheel patch. The outer baffle (6) of the forming die (5) is removable, as shown in Figure 7.

The fourth step is to open the hole. The devices required for opening the holes are shown in Figures 8 and 9. The structure of the array steel needle plate (8) is shown in Figure 8. The steel needle (10) with a diameter of 0.1mm~1mm is precision welded on the arc-shaped steel plate (9). ) of the same radian, the array steel needle plate (8) is provided with a connecting handle (7), which can be connected with the electric actuator, which is convenient for later expansion and automation. The structure of the special jig (12) for hole opening is shown in Figure 9. The special jig (12) for hole opening is designed with a circular arc groove (13) for fixing the forming die (5), and a guide groove (13) for guiding the array steel needle plate (8). 14), the adjusting screw (11) that can adjust the angle of the guide groove (14).

As shown in Figure 10, the pressed grinding wheel patch blank (15) has been formed and has certain strength and toughness. (15) Put the whole into the fixing groove (13) of the special jig (12) for hole opening, apply the release agent to the array steel needle plate (8) for opening the hole and place it into the guide of the special jig (12) for hole opening In the groove (14), push the array steel needle plate (8) to accurately drill into the grinding wheel patch blank (15) of the forming die (5). During the drilling process, the angle adjustment screw (11) can be adjusted to control the guide groove (14). ) and the grinding wheel patch blank (15), so that a porous grinding wheel patch with a controllable angle can be obtained.

The fifth step is curing. The forming die (5) and the grinding wheel patch blank (15) drilled into the array steel needle plate (8) are taken out from the fixing groove (13) of the special jig (12) for drilling and placed in the curing furnace for processing. For curing, the initial temperature is generally 60~80℃, the maximum curing temperature is (230±5)℃ and it is maintained for 4~5 hours. The whole curing process takes 30~35 hours. Finally, the temperature is lowered to 40~60°C, the furnace door is opened, and the forming die (5) and the grinding wheel patch blank (15) drilled into the array needle plate (8) can be taken out as a whole, and then the array needle plate ( 8) Separate from the solidified grinding wheel patch blank (15), and then take the cured and formed grinding wheel patch blank (15) out of the forming die (5) to obtain the porous grinding wheel patch (1) .

After the porous grinding wheel patch (1) is made, the porous grinding wheel patch (1) is bonded to the grinding wheel base (2) by using polyimide adhesive. After the adhesive is cured, the angle of the porous grinding wheel can be controlled. manufacture complete.

The above are only typical specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An angle controllable porous patch grinding wheel and a manufacturing method thereof, the angle controllable porous patch grinding wheel is composed of a grinding wheel patch (1) and a grinding wheel base body (2), the diameter of the grinding wheel base body is 150mm~250mm, and the width of the grinding wheel base body is 150mm~250mm. 15mm~25mm, the thickness of the grinding wheel patch (1) is 5mm~15mm, the width is 15mm~25mm, the number of the grinding wheel Ordered small holes (3), the hole depth is 5mm~15mm, the inclination angle of the holes is within the range of 45° on the left and right, and the horizontal and vertical spacings of the small holes are 0.2mm~2mm. 2. An angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel and a manufacturing method thereof, the concrete steps of the angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel manufacturing method are as follows: Step 1, using the machining method to manufacture the grinding wheel base body (2) that meets the dimensional requirements in claim 1; Step 2, configure the grinding wheel patch base material, which mainly includes abrasives, binders, fillers, wetting agents, and plasticizers; Step 3: Load the configured grinding wheel patch base material into the forming die (5) and press and form to obtain the grinding wheel patch blank (15); Step 4: Drill the array steel needle plate (8) into the press-formed grinding wheel patch blank (15) through the guide groove (14) of the special jig (12) for drilling, and drill the array steel needle plate (8) into the grinding wheel During the process of patching the blank (15), the angle adjustment screw (11) can be adjusted to control the angle between the guide groove (14) and the grinding wheel patch blank (15), so that a porous grinding wheel patch with a controllable angle can be obtained. ; Step 5. Put the grinding wheel patch blank (15) drilled into the array steel needle plate (8) into the curing furnace as a whole to solidify and form; Step 6. After curing and forming, take off the array steel needle plate (8) on the grinding wheel patch blank (15), and take the grinding wheel patch blank (15) out of the forming die (5) to obtain a controllable angle. Porous grinding wheel patch (1); Step 7: Adhering the angle-controllable porous grinding wheel patch (1) on the grinding wheel base (2) to obtain an angle-controllable porous grinding wheel. 3. The method for manufacturing an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein the grinding wheel base body (2) in step 1 is made of TC4 titanium alloy, and the outer surface of the grinding wheel base body (2) is sandblasted and roughened deal with. 4. The method for manufacturing an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein the particle size of the abrasive described in step 2 is 15 μm~150 μm, the binding agent is polyimide resin, and the filler is cryolite (Na3AlF6) , graphite mixed material, wetting agent adopts phenolic resin liquid, plasticizer adopts low molecular polyamide. 5. The method for manufacturing an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein the forming die (5) described in step 3 has an arc-shaped groove structure, and the radian is consistent with the radian of the grinding wheel patch, and the outer baffle of the forming die is formed. (6) Removable. 6. The method for manufacturing an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein the array steel needle plate (8) described in step 4 is a steel needle (10) with a diameter of 0.1mm~1mm that is precision welded on the arc. On the shaped steel plate (9), the radian of the steel plate is consistent with the radian of the grinding wheel patch. 7. The method for manufacturing an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein the special jig (12) for opening holes described in step 4 is designed with a circular arc groove (13) for fixing the forming mold, which guides the array steel needle plate The guide groove (14), the adjusting screw (11) that can adjust the angle of the guide groove. 8. The method for manufacturing an angle-controllable porous patch grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein in step seven, the adhesive for bonding the grinding wheel patch is a polyimide adhesive.

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