CN111500361A - Process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by adsorption method - Google Patents
Process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by adsorption method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111500361A CN111500361A CN201910572656.3A CN201910572656A CN111500361A CN 111500361 A CN111500361 A CN 111500361A CN 201910572656 A CN201910572656 A CN 201910572656A CN 111500361 A CN111500361 A CN 111500361A
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method, which comprises the following steps: (1) squeezing the crude oil; (2) irradiating by ultraviolet light; (3) eluting; (4) filtering; (5) and (5) refining. The invention firstly adopts ultraviolet irradiation to degrade aflatoxin, and then utilizes an adsorbent to elute to solve the problem of aflatoxin residue in peanut oil, the method can keep the color, fragrance, taste and nutritional ingredients of the peanut oil from being damaged to the greatest extent while causing no secondary pollution, and can effectively remove aflatoxin B1 in the peanut oil by selecting a magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, and the prepared modified attapulgite can simultaneously achieve the functions of deacidification, dephosphorization and aflatoxin B1, and the grease treated by the modified attapulgite can directly reach the national standard without refining treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable oil production, and particularly relates to a method for removing toxic substances in peanut oil, in particular to a process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method.
Background
Aflatoxins (AFT) are secondary metabolites produced by fungi such as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. At present, there are more than 20 aflatoxins which are separated and identified, and the aflatoxins are commonly selected from AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, AFM1, AFM2 and the like. The international cancer research institute planned aflatoxin as a class I carcinogen in 1993, of which AFB1 is recognized as the most carcinogenic substance. Aflatoxins have a strong thermal stability and can only be cleaved when heated to temperatures above 280 ℃. The aflatoxin has a wide range of existence, is one of common pollutants in food in developing China, is very easy to pollute agricultural products such as peanuts, corns, wheat, rice and the like, and is a main factor endangering food safety and human health. The mycotoxin such as AFB1 in the feed and raw materials in China is seriously polluted, the detection rate is up to 66.21%, and the standard exceeding rate is up to 27.75%; wherein, the AFB1 pollution condition is serious, the maximum value reaches 488.86 mug/kg, and is approximately 25 times higher than the national standard. Investigation and analysis of the landrace, the Suliang and the like find that the aflatoxin B1 in the edible oil is seriously polluted, the detection rate is 19.4 percent, the content is 0.12-401.0 mug/kg, the exceeding rate is 2.49 percent, and the serious factor exceeds about 20 times of the national standard. Therefore, the prevention and removal of AFB1 in food products has been receiving much attention.
At present, the methods for removing aflatoxin mainly comprise a chemical method, a biological method and a physical method. The physical method is to remove aflatoxin in the raw material by adopting methods such as solvent extraction, radiation, adsorption and the like; the adsorption method is a method for removing aflatoxin by utilizing the action of porous adsorption materials (such as zeolite, active diatomite, bentonite, montmorillonite and the like) and aflatoxin to form a compound which is inert and not absorbed by animals, and the method is most widely researched. The mycotoxin adsorbent sold in the market at present is mainly added into the feed, but the adsorbing material and the materials are not easy to separate, so that the mycotoxin adsorbent cannot be applied to the fields of edible oil and food processing and the like, and the adsorbing material cannot be recycled, so that the resource waste is caused.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is how to provide a process method for adsorbing aflatoxin in peanut oil with simple process and high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method, aiming at the problems existing in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method comprises the following steps:
(1) squeezing crude oil: peeling the ripe and naturally dried peanuts in the current year to obtain peanut kernels, then squeezing to obtain peanut squeezed crude oil, and storing the peanut squeezed crude oil at a low temperature for later use;
(2) ultraviolet light irradiation: performing ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the peanut squeezed crude oil obtained in the step (1) for 60-80 min;
(3) and (3) elution: adding water into the squeezed crude oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35-45 ℃, adding perlite and bentonite, and continuing stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-22 ℃;
the invention firstly adopts ultraviolet irradiation to degrade aflatoxin, and then uses adsorbents such as perlite, bentonite and the like to remove and wash, so as to solve the problem of aflatoxin residue in peanut oil. The method can keep the color, the fragrance, the taste and the nutrient components of the peanut oil to the maximum extent without secondary pollution, and the conventional physicochemical indexes are not different from those of the edible peanut oil.
(4) And (3) filtering: standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), sequentially carrying out deslagging filtration and cloth bag filtration, and then placing the crude oil into a container to obtain clear oil;
the invention filters the crude oil by deslagging and cloth bag filtering in sequence, and removes impurities in the crude oil by using a high-tech filter, thereby shortening the time for cleaning the oil, improving the production speed and saving the production time.
(5) Refining treatment: and (4) sequentially deodorizing and decoloring the clear oil obtained in the step (4) to obtain the instant peanut oil meeting the national standard disclosed by the invention.
Preferably, the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2) are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 600-1500 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVA (315-400 nm), UVC (200-275 nm) or UVA (315-400 nm) + UVC (200-275 nm).
The inventor obtains the optimal ultraviolet irradiation technical parameters for degrading the aflatoxin through creative experiments, and the ultraviolet irradiation technical parameters are combined with an elution process to remove the toxin residue in the peanut oil to the maximum extent.
Preferably, the addition amount of the water in the step (3) is 0.3-0.6% of the mass of the pressed crude oil.
Preferably, the stirring temperature reduction time in the step (3) is not less than 4 hours.
The stirring and cooling time is controlled to be not less than 4 hours, so that the contact time of the adsorbent and the toxin in the peanut oil is increased, the detoxification efficiency is improved, and the aflatoxin in the peanut oil is removed more thoroughly.
Preferably, the step (3) can be further replaced by the following steps: and (3) elution: adding water into the squeezed crude oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35-45 ℃, adding the modified attapulgite and the magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, and continuing stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-22 ℃;
accordingly, the step (4) and the step (5) are replaced by the following steps:
and (3) filtering: and (4) standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), sequentially carrying out deslagging filtration and cloth bag filtration, and then putting the crude oil into a container to obtain the instant peanut oil which reaches the national standard and is disclosed by the invention.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
I. the attapulgite clay, sodium hydroxide and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: (2.0-3.0): 1, mixing and carrying out alkalization modification to obtain alkalized attapulgite with the pH of 10-12;
II. And (4) roasting the alkalized attapulgite obtained in the step (I) to obtain the modified attapulgite.
The invention mixes attapulgite clay, sodium hydroxide and water for alkalization modification to obtain alkalized attapulgite, and then roasting the obtained alkalized attapulgite to obtain modified attapulgite. The method has the advantages that each particle of micro attapulgite is alkaline through the alkalized attapulgite clay, the calcined alkalized attapulgite clay enables the attapulgite clay to be puffed, the puffed attapulgite clay has good liquid permeability and high oil mixing degree, so that oil loss is effectively reduced, micro soap particles can be generated after the alkaline attapulgite clay absorbs free fatty acid in crude edible oil, the soap particles have an adsorption effect on phospholipid in the crude edible oil, and meanwhile, because the soap particles belong to alkaline substances, aflatoxin B1 can be decomposed, so that the effect of removing aflatoxin B1 is achieved. Therefore, the modified attapulgite prepared by the method can simultaneously achieve the functions of deacidification, dephosphorization and aflatoxin B1 removal, and the grease treated by the modified attapulgite can directly reach the national standard without a refining treatment process.
Particularly, the roasting temperature in the step II is 300-350 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-3 h.
Preferably, the deodorization treatment process in the step (5) specifically comprises the following steps: and (4) heating the clear oil obtained by filtering in the step (4) for 2-3 hours under the condition of negative pressure to obtain the edible oil.
The invention removes the peculiar smell and a small amount of water in the grease by heating the filtered clear oil under the condition of negative pressure, and the operation is better in that the negative pressure is higher and the heating is carried out in a short time.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the process for removing the aflatoxin in the peanut oil by the adsorption method has the following excellent effects:
1. the magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent (selected from patent application file CN201410779486.3, an invention patent applied by the applicant of Jiangnan university) selected by the invention has a high specific surface area, can effectively remove aflatoxin B1 in peanut oil, is easy to separate from food materials, and can be repeatedly used;
2. the modified attapulgite prepared by the invention can simultaneously achieve the functions of deacidification, dephosphorization and aflatoxin B1 removal, the grease treated by the modified attapulgite directly reaches the national standard without refining treatment, the content of aflatoxin B1 in the crude oil can be reduced to 12.5ppb by the adsorption detoxification process disclosed by the invention, and the detoxification efficiency reaches more than 95%;
3. according to the invention, the aflatoxin is degraded by ultraviolet irradiation, and then the adsorbent is used for eluting, so that the problem of aflatoxin residue in the peanut oil is solved.
The combination of the excellent characteristics shows that the process is simple, the removal efficiency is high, the national standard requirements can be met without complicated processes, the cost is reduced, the taste of the grease is not influenced, the fragrance is lasting, and the method is suitable for industrial popularization and application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method in the second embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method, the detoxification process is simple and convenient to operate and high in adsorption efficiency, the functions of deacidification, dephosphorization and aflatoxin B1 removal can be simultaneously achieved, and the peanut oil treated by the adsorption process disclosed by the invention can directly reach the national standard.
The present invention will be further specifically illustrated by the following examples for better understanding, but the present invention is not to be construed as being limited thereto, and certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) squeezing crude oil: peeling the ripe and naturally dried peanuts in the current year to obtain peanut kernels, then squeezing to obtain peanut squeezed crude oil, and storing the peanut squeezed crude oil at a low temperature for later use;
(2) ultraviolet light irradiation: performing ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the peanut squeezed crude oil obtained in the step (1) for 60-80 min;
(3) and (3) elution: adding water into the squeezed crude oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35-45 ℃, adding perlite and bentonite, and continuing stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-22 ℃;
(4) and (3) filtering: standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), sequentially carrying out deslagging filtration and cloth bag filtration, and then placing the crude oil into a container to obtain clear oil;
(5) refining treatment: and (4) sequentially deodorizing and decoloring the clear oil obtained in the step (4) to obtain the instant peanut oil meeting the national standard disclosed by the invention.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment adopted in the step (2) are as follows: ultraviolet light intensity of 600E1500μw/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVA (315-400 nm), UVC (200-275 nm) or UVA (315-400 nm) + UVC (200-275 nm).
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the addition amount of water in the step (3) is 0.3-0.6% of the mass of the squeezed crude oil.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the stirring and cooling time in the step (3) is not less than 4 hours.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the step (3) can be further replaced by the following steps: and (3) elution: adding water into the squeezed crude oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35-45 ℃, adding the modified attapulgite and the magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, and continuing stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-22 ℃;
accordingly, the step (4) and the step (5) are replaced by the following steps:
and (3) filtering: and (4) standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), sequentially carrying out deslagging filtration and cloth bag filtration, and then putting the crude oil into a container to obtain the instant peanut oil which reaches the national standard and is disclosed by the invention.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
I. the attapulgite clay, sodium hydroxide and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: (2.0-3.0): 1, mixing and carrying out alkalization modification to obtain alkalized attapulgite with the pH of 10-12;
II. And (4) roasting the alkalized attapulgite obtained in the step (I) to obtain the modified attapulgite.
Particularly, the roasting temperature in the step II is 300-350 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-3 h.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the deodorization treatment process in the step (5) specifically comprises the following steps: and (4) heating the clear oil obtained by filtering in the step (4) for 2-3 hours under the condition of negative pressure to obtain the edible oil.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method comprises the following steps:
(1) squeezing crude oil: peeling the ripe and naturally dried peanuts in the current year to obtain peanut kernels, then squeezing to obtain peanut squeezed crude oil, and storing the peanut squeezed crude oil at a low temperature for later use;
(2) ultraviolet light irradiation: performing ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the peanut squeezed crude oil obtained in the step (1) for 60-80 min; the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 600 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVA (315-400 nm);
(3) and (3) elution: adding water accounting for 0.3% of the weight of the squeezed crude oil into the squeezed crude oil subjected to ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35 ℃, adding perlite and bentonite, continuously stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20 ℃, and controlling the stirring and cooling time to be not less than 4 hours;
(4) and (3) filtering: standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), sequentially carrying out deslagging filtration and cloth bag filtration, and then placing the crude oil into a container to obtain clear oil;
(5) refining treatment: heating the clear oil obtained in the step (4) for 2 hours under the condition of negative pressure, and then carrying out decoloration treatment to obtain the instant peanut oil meeting the national standard disclosed by the invention.
Example 2
A process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method comprises the following steps:
(1) squeezing crude oil: peeling the ripe and naturally dried peanuts in the current year to obtain peanut kernels, then squeezing to obtain peanut squeezed crude oil, and storing the peanut squeezed crude oil at a low temperature for later use;
(2) ultraviolet light irradiation: performing ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the peanut squeezed crude oil obtained in the step (1) for 60-80 min; the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 600-1500 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVA (315-400 nm), UVC (200-275 nm) or UVA (315-400 nm) + UVC (200-275 nm);
(3) and (3) elution: adding water accounting for 0.3-0.6% of the weight of the squeezed crude oil into the squeezed crude oil subjected to ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35-45 ℃, adding modified attapulgite and a magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, continuously stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-22 ℃, and controlling the stirring and cooling time to be not less than 4 hours;
(4) and (3) filtering: and (4) standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), sequentially carrying out deslagging filtration and cloth bag filtration, and then putting the crude oil into a container to obtain the instant peanut oil which reaches the national standard and is disclosed by the invention.
The preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
I. the attapulgite clay, sodium hydroxide and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 2.0: 1, mixing and carrying out alkalization modification to obtain alkalized attapulgite with the pH value of 10;
II. And (3) roasting the alkalized attapulgite obtained in the step (I) at the roasting temperature of 300 ℃ for 2h to obtain the modified attapulgite.
Example 3
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 1, the only differences are: the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 1200 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVC (200-275 nm), and other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 4
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 1, the only differences are: the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 1500 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVA (315-400 nm) + UVC (200-275 nm), and other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 5
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 1, the only differences are: and (3) adding water accounting for 0.5 percent of the mass of the crude squeezing oil into the crude squeezing oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 6
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 1, the only differences are: and (3) adding water accounting for 0.6 percent of the mass of the crude squeezing oil into the crude squeezing oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 7
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 1, the only differences are: adding water, stirring, cooling to 40 deg.C, adding perlite and bentonite, and stirring until the temperature of oil is reduced to 21 deg.C, with other process steps and process parameters unchanged.
Example 8
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 1, the only differences are: adding water, stirring, cooling to 44 deg.C, adding perlite and bentonite, and stirring until the oil temperature is reduced to 22 deg.C, with other process steps and process parameters unchanged.
Example 9
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 1, the only differences are: and (4) heating the clear oil obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours under the condition of negative pressure, wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 10
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 1200 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVC (200-275 nm), and other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 11
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 1500 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVA (315-400 nm) + UVC (200-275 nm), and other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 12
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: and (3) adding water accounting for 0.5 percent of the mass of the crude squeezing oil into the crude squeezing oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 13
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: and (3) adding water accounting for 0.6 percent of the mass of the crude squeezing oil into the crude squeezing oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 14
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: adding water, stirring, cooling to 40 ℃, adding the modified attapulgite and the magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, and continuously stirring until the oil temperature is reduced to 21 ℃, wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 15
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: adding water, stirring, cooling to 44 ℃, adding the modified attapulgite and the magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, and continuously stirring until the oil temperature is reduced to 22 ℃, wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 16
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: in the method for preparing the modified attapulgite, the attapulgite clay, sodium hydroxide and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 2.5: 1, mixing and carrying out alkalization modification to obtain the alkalized attapulgite with the pH value of 11, wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 17
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: in the method for preparing the modified attapulgite, the attapulgite clay, sodium hydroxide and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 3: 1, mixing and carrying out alkalization modification to obtain the alkalized attapulgite with the pH value of 12, wherein other process steps and process parameters are unchanged.
Example 18
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: in the method for preparing the modified attapulgite, the alkalized attapulgite obtained in the step I is roasted under the conditions that the roasting temperature is 330 ℃ and the roasting time is 2.5h, and other process steps and process parameters are not changed.
Example 19
Compared with the production process disclosed in example 2, the only differences are: in the method for preparing the modified attapulgite, the alkalized attapulgite obtained in the step I is roasted under the conditions that the roasting temperature is 350 ℃ and the roasting time is 3 hours, and other process steps and process parameters are not changed.
In order to better illustrate the adsorption detoxification effect disclosed by the invention, the inventor also performs the following experiments:
the performance test of the instant peanut oil and the peanut oil obtained in example 1 and example 2 respectively is carried out, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance index of peanut oil after adsorption detoxification treatment
As can be seen from Table 1, the acid value of the peanut oil is reduced by 0.65mgkoh/g after the detoxification treatment of the perlite and the bentonite adsorbent, the phospholipid is reduced by 185ppm, the removal rate of the phospholipid reaches 84.1%, the content of 12.5ppb of aflatoxin B1 is reduced to 0.60ppb, and the detoxification efficiency reaches 95.2%.
After the peanut oil is detoxified by the modified attapulgite and the magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, the acid value is reduced by 0.70mgkoh/g, the phospholipid content is reduced by 200ppm, the removal rate of the phospholipid reaches 90.9%, the content of 12.5ppb of aflatoxin B1 is reduced to 0.55ppb, and the detoxification efficiency reaches 95.6%.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The method disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the description of the method part.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) squeezing crude oil: peeling the ripe and naturally dried peanuts in the current year to obtain peanut kernels, then squeezing to obtain peanut squeezed crude oil, and storing the peanut squeezed crude oil at a low temperature for later use;
(2) ultraviolet light irradiation: performing ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the peanut squeezed crude oil obtained in the step (1) for 60-80 min;
(3) and (3) elution: adding water into the squeezed crude oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35-45 ℃, adding perlite and bentonite, and continuing stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-22 ℃;
(4) and (3) filtering: standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), filtering by deslagging, filtering by a cloth bag, and putting into a container to obtain clear oil;
(5) refining treatment: and (4) sequentially deodorizing and decoloring the clear oil obtained in the step (4) to obtain the instant peanut oil meeting the national standard disclosed by the invention.
2. The process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein the technical parameters of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2) are as follows: the ultraviolet light intensity is 600-1500 mu w/cm2The ultraviolet light source is UVA (315-400 nm), UVC (200-275 nm) or UVA (315-400 nm) + UVC (200-275 nm).
3. The process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of water in the step (3) is 0.3-0.6% of the mass of the squeezed crude oil.
4. The process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the stirring and cooling time in the step (3) is not less than 4 hours.
5. The process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) can be replaced by the following steps:
and (3) elution: adding water into the squeezed crude oil subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment in the step (2), stirring and cooling to 35-45 ℃, adding the modified attapulgite and the magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent, and continuing stirring until the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-22 ℃;
accordingly, the step (4) and the step (5) are replaced by the following steps:
and (3) filtering: and (4) standing and precipitating the crude oil eluted in the step (3), sequentially carrying out deslagging filtration and cloth bag filtration, and then putting the crude oil into a container to obtain the instant peanut oil which reaches the national standard and is disclosed by the invention.
6. The process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps:
I. the attapulgite clay, sodium hydroxide and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: (2.0-3.0): 1, mixing and carrying out alkalization modification to obtain alkalized attapulgite with the pH of 10-12;
II. And (4) roasting the alkalized attapulgite obtained in the step (I) to obtain the modified attapulgite.
7. The process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method according to claim 6, wherein the roasting temperature in the step II is 300-350 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-3 h.
8. The process for removing aflatoxin in peanut oil by an adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein the deodorization treatment process in the step (5) is specifically as follows: and (4) heating the clear oil obtained by filtering in the step (4) for 2-3 hours under the condition of negative pressure to obtain the edible oil.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112655870A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-16 | 合肥五粮泰生物科技有限公司 | Method for removing mycotoxin from grains |
| CN112694946A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-04-23 | 南昌大学 | Method for removing aflatoxin in grease |
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| CN106520365A (en) * | 2017-01-08 | 2017-03-22 | 山东乐悠悠花生油科技有限公司 | Processing process for strong-flavor peanut oil with low aflatoxin content |
| CN106732336A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 河南省星河油脂有限公司 | A kind of attapulgite modified preparation method and the attapulgite modified application in edible oil de- aflatoxin, depickling and dephosphorization |
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| CN104475011A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of magnetic mesoporous silicon dioxide adsorbent for removing aflatoxin in edible oil |
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