CN111393391B - 用于乙型肝炎病毒感染的抗病毒剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种用于乙型肝炎病毒感染的抗病毒剂,包括其药学上可接受的盐、酯、前药、络合物、溶剂化物、水合物或异构体形式,以及其制备用于治疗或抑制乙型肝炎病毒感染药物中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一种用于乙型肝炎病毒感染的抗病毒剂。
背景技术
乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染依然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。当前,全世界估计有3.5亿人,其中美国有140万人患有慢性HBV。如果不进行治疗,这些人中大约将会有三分之一的人死于严重的肝脏疾病,比如肝硬化和肝癌。
目前,有七种药物可以用于慢性乙型肝炎的治疗,包括两个α-干扰素配方(标准的和peg修饰的)和五个抑制HBV DNA聚合酶的核苷类似物(拉米夫定、阿德福韦、恩替卡韦、替比夫定和替诺福韦)。目前,首选的一线治疗选择是恩替卡韦、替诺福韦或聚乙二醇化干扰素α-2a。然而,即使使用一线治疗选择,聚乙二醇化干扰素α-2a也仅可以在三分之一的接受治疗的病人中有效的取得血清学的里程碑,并经常伴有严重的副反应。恩替卡韦和替诺福韦是高效的HBV抑制剂,但长期的或可能终身的治疗需要连续不断的抑制HBV复制,最终可能会由于耐药病毒的出现而导致失败。因此,迫切需要引入一种新的、安全的和有效的治疗慢性乙型肝炎的方法。
因此,临床上仍需用于治疗感染乙型肝炎病毒的病人的疾病缓解和有效的新的抗病毒药物。本发明为治疗感染乙型肝炎病毒的病人疾病缓解和有效的新抗病毒药物提供新的选择。
发明内容
一方面,本发明公开了具有如下结构的化合物:
在一些实施方案中,其为药学上可接受的盐、酯、前药、络合物、溶剂化物、水合物或异构体形式。
另一方面,本发明公开前述化合物制备用于治疗或抑制乙型肝炎病毒感染药物中的用途。
另一方面,本发明公开前述化合物制备用于预防性治疗乙型肝炎病毒感染药物中的用途。
另一方面,本发明公开前述化合物制备用于减少乙型肝炎病毒感染复发药物中的用途。
另一方面,本发明公开前述化合物制备用于诱导缓解由乙型肝炎病毒感染引起的肝损伤药物中用途
另一方面,本发明公开前述化合物制备用于减少乙型肝炎病毒感染引起的不利生理影响药物中的用途。
前述用途中的化合物可以为药学上可接受的盐、酯、前药、络合物、溶剂化物、水合物或异构体形式。
本申请使用的术语“异构体”包括给定结构的对映异构形式、非对映异构形式和几何(或构象)异构形式。例如,本申请包括每个不对称中心的R和S构型、Z和E双键异构体、Z和E构象异构体、单一立体化学异构体及对映异构体、非对映异构体和几何(或构象)异构体混合物。除非另有说明,本申请包括本申请所述结构的所有互变异构形式。“盐”包括酸和碱加成盐。应理解的是,当本申请化合物或实施例被显示为具体的盐时,本申请包括相应的游离碱及相应的游离碱的其它盐(包括相应的游离碱的药用盐)。“溶剂化物”是指一个或多个溶剂分子和本申请化合物的缔合物或复合物。溶剂的实例包括水、异丙醇、乙醇、甲醇、DMSO、乙酸乙酯、乙酸和乙醇胺。术语“水合物”是指其中溶剂分子是水的复合物。
另一方面,本发明公开一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的权利要求1所述的化合物以及药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。本申请使用的术语“药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂”是指不破坏用其配制的化合物的药理活性的无毒载体、辅料或媒介物。
在一些实施方案中,前述的药物组合物还包括额外治疗剂,所述治疗剂为HBV聚合酶抑制剂、干扰素或逆转录酶抑制剂。
具体实施方式
实施例1
步骤一3-(氯磺酰基)苯甲酸乙酯的制备
将3-(氯磺酰基)苯甲酸(15.18g,0.069mol,1.0eq.)在室温下加入DCM(150mL)中,用冰水浴冷却到0~5℃,加入氯化亚砜(32.74g,0.27mol,4.0eq.)和1.5mL催化量的DMF,加完升温到室温下反应过夜16小时。将反应液蒸干,用甲苯除溶剂2次,倒入THF(150mL)中,用冰水浴冷却到0~5℃,滴加乙醇(30mL),加完室温反应4~6小时。反应液直接蒸干通过柱色谱法(200~300目硅胶,Heptane/EtOAc=10:1~5:1)纯化,得到12.23g黄色油状液体,收率71.5%。
步骤二3-氨磺酰基苯甲酸乙酯的制备
将3-(氯磺酰基)苯甲酸乙酯(12.20g,4.9mmol,1.0eq.)在室温下加入到THF(150mL)中,却到-10℃以下,滴加氨水(13.67g,24.5mmol,5.0eq.)后反应1小时。将反应液用4N盐酸调节pH=4~5,蒸出部分THF,将析出的固体过滤,滤饼用水洗至中性,烘干得到10.53g白色固体,收率:93.8%。
步骤三3-(N-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氨磺酰基)苯甲酸乙酯的制备
将3-氨磺酰基苯甲酸乙酯(3.00g,13.1mmol,1.0eq.)在室温下加入到DCM(30mL)和THF(15mL)中,加入三乙胺(3.97g,39.3mmol,3.0eq.)和TBS-Cl(2.37g,15.7mmol,1.20eq.)后反应12小时。反应液直接投入下一步反应。
步骤四3-(N-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-S-氯磺酰亚胺基)苯甲酸乙酯的制备
将三苯基二氯化膦(5.24g,15.7mmol,1.2eq.)在室温下加入到上一步反应液中(4.50g,13.1mmol,1.0eq.),加完在30~35℃反应10小时。反应液直接投入下一步反应。
步骤五3-(N'-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-N-((S)-四氢呋喃-3-基)磺酰胺二酰亚胺基)苯甲酸乙酯的制备
将(3S)-噁戊环-3-胺(967.0mg,11.1mmol,3.0eq.)在室温下加入到上一步反应液(1.34g,3.7mmol,1.0eq.)中,加完室温下反应过夜12小时。加入饱和食盐水淬灭反应,用DCM萃取,分液干燥,过滤蒸干制砂,经硅胶柱色谱法(200~300目硅胶,Heptane/EtOAc=10:1~5:1)纯化,得到430.0mg淡黄色油状液体。
步骤六3-(N'-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-N-((S)-四氢呋喃-3-基)磺酰胺二酰亚胺基)苯甲酸的制备
将3-(N'-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-N-((S)-四氢呋喃-3-基)磺酰胺二酰亚胺基)苯甲酸乙酯(430.0mg,1.04mmol,1.0eq.)在室温下加入到THF(10mL)中,加入固体LiOH(87.45mg,3.2mmol,2.0eq.)和5mL水后反应12小时。将反应液用2N稀盐酸洗至pH=3~4,用EA萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗一次,分液干燥,过滤后蒸干得到400.0mg黄色液体,收率:100%。
步骤七3-(N'-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-N-((S)-四氢呋喃-3-基)磺酰胺基亚氨基酰基)-N-(3,4-二氟苯基)苯甲酰胺的制备
将3-(N'-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-N-((S)-四氢呋喃-3-基)磺酰胺二酰亚胺基)苯甲酸(400.0mg,1.04mmol,1.0eq.)在室温下加入到DM(8mL)F中,反应液用冰水浴冷却到0~5℃,加入3,4-二氟苯胺(140.0mg,1.08m mol,1.1eq.)和DIPEA(410.0mg,3.12mmol,3.0eq.)后反应30分钟,加入HATU(429.5mg,1.2mmol,1.2eq.)后在室温下反应过夜12小时。反应液加5mL饱和NaHCO3水溶液淬灭,倒入水(30mL)后用EA萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗一次,分液干燥,过滤后蒸干制砂,经硅胶柱色谱法(200~300目硅胶,Heptane/EtOAc=10:1~5:1)纯化,得到350.0mg黄色液体,收率:63.6%。
步骤八N-(3,4-二氟苯基)-3-(N-(((S)-四氢呋喃-3-基)磺酰胺二酰亚胺基)苯甲酰胺的制备
将3-(N'-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-N-((S)-四氢呋喃-3-基)磺酰胺基亚氨基酰基)-N-(3,4-二氟苯基)苯甲酰胺(350.0mg,0.7mmol,1.0eq.)在室温下加入到二氧六环(5mL)中,加入4N二氧六环的HCl溶液(0.7mL,2.8mmol,4.0eq.)后反应6小时。将反应液蒸干,加EA溶解,依次用水和饱和食盐水洗一次,分液干燥,过滤后蒸干得到150.6mg黄色固体,收率:56.3%。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ(ppm)1.59-1.84(m,2H),3.58-3.68(m,4H),4.47(m,1H),7.31(brs,1H),7.42-7.49(m,1H),7.55(m,1H),7.71-7.74(t,1H),7.91-7.96(m,1H),8.09-8.15(m,2H),8.44(s,1H),10.66(s,1H)。MS(ESI):m/z([M+H]+)382.50。
实验例1HBV病毒复制抑制实验
DMEM/F12(1:1)培养基,PBS(1X),青霉素-链霉素双抗、0.5%的胰酶(10X),qPCRSYBR Green Mix购自ThermoFisher(Waltham,MA,USA)。经认证的胎牛血清(FBS)购自Biological Industries(Israel)。氢化可的松购自Alfa。胰岛素购自Sigma。多西霉素购自Clontech。96孔和384孔细胞培养板购自CORNING(USA)。引物购自南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司。qPCR 384孔板购自罗氏。QuickExtract DNA提取试剂购自Lucigen。
“生长培养基”为DMEM/F12(1:1),10%FBS,1X青霉素-链霉素双抗,350nM氢化可的松,5ug/mL胰岛素,1ug/mL多西霉素。“处理培养基”为DMEM/F12(1:1),2%FBS,1X青霉素-链霉素双抗,350nM氢化可的松,5ug/mL胰岛素。
为了评估合成化合物对HBV病毒复制的抑制情况,将在生长培养基中生长的HepAD38细胞用胰酶消化,离心后利用处理培养基重悬,并按6000/孔接种于384孔板中,每孔40μL,并放置在37℃,5%CO2的培养箱中过夜。将化合物在DMSO中稀释至12个点、3倍梯度稀释液,从2mM开始。将化合物储备板的1μL DMSO溶液添加到199μL处理培养基(测定中化合物的最终最高浓度为10μM,并且DMSO的最终浓度为0.5%)。将细胞培养板中的培养基弃去,按照梯度每孔加入40μL化合物溶液,并将384孔板放置于37℃,5%CO2培养箱中孵育3天。3天后弃去孔中培养基,加入新鲜配置的上述化合物培养基,重新将384孔板放置于培养箱中孵育3天。总共给药6天后,从384孔细胞培养板中每孔取出4ul培养基,转移至384孔qPCR板中。每孔加入4ul QuickExtract DNA提取试剂,离心混匀后,在罗氏荧光定量PCRLightcycler 480Ⅱ中65℃30min,95℃17min提取DNA。
病毒复制的情况用定量qPCR进行检测。检测引物是forward:5’-GAGTGTGGATTCGCACTCC-3’and backward:5’-GAGGCGAGGGAGTTCTTCT-3’。向上述含有样本的384孔板中,每孔加入10ul qPCR SYBR Green Mix,1ul forward引物,1ul backward引物,95℃孵育10min。荧光定量PCR在罗氏荧光定量PCR Lightcycler 480Ⅱ中进行,程序设为95℃15s,60℃1min,40个循环。病毒载量通过标准曲线计算可得。在Prism 7(LaJolla,CA)中使用S形剂量反应模型(可变斜率,四个参数)确定化合物使病毒载量抑制50%的浓度(IC50值)。
本发明代表化合物的IC50值如表1所示。
表1
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其为药学上可接受的盐。
3.权利要求1的化合物制备用于治疗或抑制乙型肝炎病毒感染药物中的用途。
4.权利要求1的化合物制备用于预防性治疗乙型肝炎病毒感染药物中的用途。
5.权利要求1的化合物制备用于减少乙型肝炎病毒感染复发药物中的用途。
6.权利要求1的化合物制备用于诱导缓解由乙型肝炎病毒感染引起的肝损伤药物中用途。
7.权利要求1的化合物制备用于减少乙型肝炎病毒感染引起的不利生理影响药物中的用途。
8.根据权利要求3-7任一项所述的用途,其中化合物为药学上可接受的盐。
9.一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的权利要求1所述的化合物以及药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的药物组合物,其还包括额外治疗剂,所述治疗剂为HBV聚合酶抑制剂、干扰素或逆转录酶抑制剂。
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