CN111381174B - Fuel cell testing and lithium-ion battery capacity coupling system and method - Google Patents
Fuel cell testing and lithium-ion battery capacity coupling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111381174B CN111381174B CN201811620629.0A CN201811620629A CN111381174B CN 111381174 B CN111381174 B CN 111381174B CN 201811620629 A CN201811620629 A CN 201811620629A CN 111381174 B CN111381174 B CN 111381174B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种燃料电池测试与锂离子电池化成分容耦合系统，包括燃料电池测试单元、储能电池、锂离子电池化成分容单元、储能双向逆变器、能量管理单元；所述能量管理单元分别与燃料电池测试单元、储能电池、锂离子电池化成分容单元、储能双向逆变器通讯连接，所述储能电池分别与燃料电池测试单元、锂离子电池化成分容单元、储能双向逆变器电连接；还公开了一种燃料电池测试与锂离子电池化成分容耦合系统的控制方法。本发明避免了常规电阻型负载将燃料电池系统产生的电能通过热能消耗掉的能量浪费，同时还节省了为给电阻型负载降温设备的额外电能消耗。
The present invention discloses a fuel cell test and lithium-ion battery capacity-splitting coupling system, including a fuel cell test unit, an energy storage battery, a lithium-ion battery capacity-splitting unit, an energy storage bidirectional inverter, and an energy management unit; the energy management unit is respectively connected to the fuel cell test unit, the energy storage battery, the lithium-ion battery capacity-splitting unit, and the energy storage bidirectional inverter in communication, and the energy storage battery is respectively electrically connected to the fuel cell test unit, the lithium-ion battery capacity-splitting unit, and the energy storage bidirectional inverter; and a control method for the fuel cell test and lithium-ion battery capacity-splitting coupling system is also disclosed. The present invention avoids the energy waste of conventional resistive loads that consume the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy, and also saves the extra electric energy consumption for cooling the resistive load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell testing, in particular to a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system and method.
Background
Large-scale research, validation and testing of fuel cell stacks, fuel cell systems and fuel cell engines is an essential step prior to fuel cell application. Since the fuel cell is a power generation device which continuously consumes hydrogen, the first solution in the conventional performance test process is to use a resistive load to consume the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy, which causes waste of resources and increase of cost. In addition, the electronic load usually used also needs to dissipate heat such as a cooling tower, a large fan and even an air conditioner in the process of releasing heat energy so as to ensure the normal operation of the electronic load, and thus, additional electric energy is also needed. For the fuel cell power system for the new energy automobile, the power exceeds 30kW and even reaches 100kW, and the electronic load test mode is adopted to generate great electric energy waste, so that the test cost is increased.
The second scheme is to feed the electric energy output in the fuel cell testing process back to the power grid by adopting a feed-network type electronic load. Although the scheme can effectively avoid heat consumption of the fuel cell in the test discharging process, due to complex and diversified test processes (such as frequent start-stop loading, acceleration, test polarization curve and the like) and multi-stack parallel test and the like, high-frequency harmonic interference on a power grid is serious when the power grid is fed under the condition, the power grid is difficult to process, the power quality of the power grid is seriously influenced, and even the power grid is impacted.
The third scheme is that electric energy output in the testing process of the fuel cell is used for obtaining hydrogen through a mode of producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the hydrogen is introduced into the fuel cell for recycling. However, the efficiency of converting hydrogen into electricity in the operation process of the fuel cell is generally 50% (based on low heat value LHV of hydrogen), and the theoretical electrolysis efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water is very high (the apparent conversion efficiency can even reach 100% -122%), but the electric energy conversion efficiency of factors such as heating temperature rise and generated polarization overpotential and the like required for improving the hydrogen production rate in industry is only 50% -70%. The complete cycle efficiency of hydrogen, fuel cell, electrolyzer and hydrogen is only 30%, the energy loss exceeds 70%, the energy utilization rate is extremely low, and the cost of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (particularly the solid electrolyte membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system using noble metal platinum or iridium as a catalyst) is high and the service life is short. Therefore, this solution is not economical and has problems of complex system and complex maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system and method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
The embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system, which comprises a fuel cell testing unit, an energy storage battery, a lithium ion battery formation component unit, an energy storage bidirectional inverter and an energy management unit, wherein the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage battery, the lithium ion battery formation component unit and the energy storage bidirectional inverter, and the energy storage battery is respectively and electrically connected with the fuel cell testing unit, the lithium ion battery formation component unit and the energy storage bidirectional inverter.
In the above scheme, the fuel cell testing unit comprises at least one group of fuel cell testing platforms and unidirectional DC/DC, the direct current output end of the fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell testing platforms is electrically connected with the input end of the unidirectional DC/DC corresponding to the direct current output end of the fuel cell to be tested, and the output end of the unidirectional DC/DC is electrically connected with one input end of the energy storage battery.
In the above scheme, energy storage battery includes energy storage battery group and battery management unit, energy storage battery group passes through low voltage signal line with battery management unit BMS and connects.
In the above scheme, the energy storage battery pack adopts one or more of a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a lithium titanate battery and an all-vanadium flow battery.
In the above scheme, the lithium ion battery formation and separation unit comprises at least one group of lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinets and bidirectional DC/DC, the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinets are electrically connected with one end of the corresponding bidirectional DC/DC, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC is electrically connected with one input end of the energy storage battery.
In the above scheme, the energy management unit is connected with the fuel cell test platform and the unidirectional DC/DC in the fuel cell test unit, the battery management unit in the energy storage battery, the lithium ion battery cell formation component container in the lithium ion battery formation component unit and the bidirectional DC/DC and the energy storage bidirectional inverter through the CAN line respectively, and is used for receiving real-time parameter information of the fuel cell test unit, the energy storage battery and the lithium ion battery formation component container and issuing operation instructions to the control elements of the fuel cell test platform, the unidirectional DC/DC, the battery management unit BMS, the lithium ion battery cell formation component container, the bidirectional DC/DC and the energy storage bidirectional inverter PCS according to preset commands.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system, which is realized by the following steps:
The energy management unit starts self-checking and confirms that a grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional inverter is in an off state, so that a fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode;
Step (2), the energy management unit obtains the number and test parameters of the fuel cells to be tested in the fuel cell test platform, determines the total electric quantity Q 1 generated by the fuel cells in the whole test process, obtains the SOC of the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage battery pack, determines the initial electric quantity Q 2 of the energy storage battery pack and the electric quantity Q' 2 required by charging the current SOC to the set upper limit of the SOC, obtains the capacity model (i.e. ampere hour) and the number of the lithium ion battery cells in the lithium ion battery formation and separation cabinet, thereby calculating the total capacity Q 3 of the lithium ion battery cells required to be charged in the formation and/or separation process, and then compares the sizes between Q 1、Q2、Q′2 and Q 3:
if Q 1≤Q′2 and Q 3≤Q1+Q2 are the same, entering a steady off-network working mode;
if Q 1＞Q′2, or Q 3＞Q1+Q2, then a transient grid-tie mode of operation is entered.
According to the technical scheme, the steady-state off-grid working mode comprises the steps that the energy management unit sends a starting signal to the fuel cell testing platform, electrochemical performance testing is conducted on a fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and working steps, meanwhile, a one-way DC/DC sending on command corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform is sent to an on-line tested fuel cell on the fuel cell testing platform, electric energy generated by the fuel cell is converted through DC/DC voltage and then is output to the energy storage battery pack, the energy management unit sends a starting signal to the lithium ion battery formation component containing cabinet according to requirements, the lithium ion battery cell entering into a formation component containing process is charged and discharged according to preset working step parameter setting and circulation parameter setting, meanwhile, a two-way DC/DC sending on command corresponding to the lithium ion battery formation containing cabinet is sent to achieve that the electric energy in the energy storage battery cell is charged by the lithium ion battery cell in a charging working step, the lithium ion battery cell is output to the lithium ion battery cell after the DC/DC voltage conversion, the lithium ion battery formation containing cabinet is charged by the lithium ion battery cell in the charging working step, the lithium ion battery cell is always charged by the battery cell, the lithium ion battery formation containing capacity is converted by the lithium ion battery cell through the DC/DC voltage conversion device, and the two-way of the two-way DC converter is in an inversion component containing capacity testing platform, and the energy storage battery is always in an energy storage battery capacity containing state is always stored in the two-way, and the two-way is in an inversion component containing battery cell is in the battery and has a full-phase battery capacity containing capacity.
In the above scheme, if Q 3＜Q2, the test of the fuel cell and the formation of the lithium ion battery cells are in a decoupled state, and if Q 2≤Q3≤Q1+Q2, the energy management unit EMS adopts a scheduling optimization strategy for performing a time-delay operation on the charging process steps of one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery formation container according to the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack monitored in real time.
The energy management unit sends a starting signal to the fuel cell testing platform, electrochemical performance testing is carried out on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and working steps, and meanwhile, a one-way DC/DC sending connection instruction corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform is sent to the fuel cell testing platform to convert electric energy generated by the fuel cell on-line testing on the fuel cell testing platform into DC/DC voltage and then output the DC/DC voltage to the energy storage battery pack; the energy management unit is used for charging and discharging the lithium ion battery cells entering the formation and separation process according to preset process step parameter setting and circulation parameter setting, sending a connection instruction to the bidirectional DC/DC corresponding to the lithium ion battery formation and separation cabinet so as to realize that the lithium ion battery cells convert electric energy in the energy storage battery pack into DC/DC voltage in a charging process step and then output the DC/DC voltage to the lithium ion battery formation and separation cabinet to charge the lithium ion battery cells and convert the electric energy stored in the lithium ion battery cells into DC/DC voltage in a discharging process step and then output the DC/DC voltage to the energy storage battery pack, monitoring the SOC of the energy storage battery pack in real time in the process of testing the fuel cells and forming the lithium ion battery cells into the capacity, sending a grid-connected instruction to the energy storage bidirectional inverter when the SOC of the energy storage battery pack is monitored to exceed the set SOC upper limit or lower than the set SOC lower limit, when the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack exceeds the set SOC upper limit, outputting the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack to a power grid through an energy storage bidirectional inverter so as to vacate a storage capacity to continuously receive the electric energy generated by the fuel cell under test or/and the electric energy discharged by the lithium ion battery cell and fed back to the energy storage battery pack, and when the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is lower than the set SOC lower limit, outputting the electric energy of the power grid to the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage bidirectional inverter so as to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cell, thereby ensuring the orderly and stable operation of the fuel cell test and the battery cell formation and capacity separation process.
In the above scheme, if Q 1＞Q′2 and Q 3≤Q1+Q2 are the same, the energy management unit preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy for performing a time-lapse operation on a group or groups of fuel cells of the fuel cell test platform to realize the normal power transfer of the whole fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery component coupling system, and if the scheduling optimization strategy is adopted, the normal power transfer of the whole coupling system still cannot be ensured, and if the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack is monitored to exceed the set upper limit of SOC, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter, and the power stored in the energy storage battery pack is stably output to the power grid through the energy storage bidirectional inverter so as to vacate the storage capacity to continuously receive the power generated by the fuel cell under test or/and the power discharged by the lithium ion battery cells back to the energy storage battery pack; if Q 1≤Q′2 and Q 3＞Q1+Q2, the energy management unit preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy for performing time-delay operation on the charging process steps of one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery cell formation component cabinet to realize the normal electric energy transmission of the whole fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component capacity coupling system, and if the scheduling optimization strategy is adopted, the normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system still cannot be ensured and the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack is monitored to be lower than the set SOC lower limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter to stably output the electric energy of the power grid to the energy storage battery pack to supplement the storage capacity so as to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cells, if Q 1＞Q′2 and Q 3＞Q1+Q2, the energy management unit preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy such as time delay operation for testing one or more groups of fuel cells of the fuel cell testing platform and/or charging and discharging one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery cell formation component cabinet to realize normal electric energy transmission of the whole fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system, when the scheduling optimization strategy can not guarantee the normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system and monitors that the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack exceeds the set SOC upper limit or is lower than the set SOC lower limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter, and when the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is lower than the set SOC lower limit, the electric energy of the power grid is stably output to the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage bidirectional inverter to supplement the storage capacity to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cell, so that the orderly and stable operation of the fuel cell test and the battery cell formation and capacity division process of the lithium ion battery is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention uses the electric energy generated in the electrochemical testing process of the fuel cell for the formation of the lithium ion battery, so that on one hand, the energy waste caused by consuming the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system by heat energy by a conventional resistance type load is avoided, and meanwhile, the extra electric energy consumption for the resistance type load cooling equipment is also saved, and on the other hand, the adoption of the energy storage battery pack realizes the closed circulation of the electric energy between the energy storage battery pack and the lithium ion battery to be tested, thereby avoiding the electric energy waste caused by frequently taking the electric energy from the power grid for charging and then discharging in the form of resistance heat energy in the formation and separation process of the lithium ion battery. Therefore, the fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system provided by the invention realizes the efficient utilization of the electric energy in the fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component process, so that the electricity cost is also greatly saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a control method of a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and advantages and features of the present invention will be more apparent from the description. The embodiments are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of details and forms of the technical solution of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these changes and substitutions fall within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a better illustration of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system, which is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a fuel cell testing unit 1, an energy storage battery 2, a lithium ion battery formation component capacity unit 3, an energy storage bidirectional inverter (PCS) 4 and an energy management unit (EMS) 5, wherein the energy management unit 5 is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage battery 2, the lithium ion battery formation component capacity unit 3 and the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4, and the energy storage battery 2 is respectively and electrically connected with the fuel cell testing unit 1, the lithium ion battery formation component capacity unit 3 and the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4;
Specifically, the fuel cell testing unit 1 includes a fuel cell testing platform 11 and a unidirectional DC/DC12, where a direct current output end of a fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell testing platform 11 is electrically connected with an input end of the unidirectional DC/DC12 corresponding to the direct current output end, and an output end of the unidirectional DC/DC12 is electrically connected with one input end of the energy storage battery 2.
The fuel cell testing platform 11 in the fuel cell testing unit 1 is used for testing and evaluating the polarization curve, the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and the electrochemical performance under various simulated working conditions of the fuel cell, and the unidirectional DC/DC12 outputs the electric energy generated by the fuel cell in the testing process to the energy storage battery 2 after voltage conversion.
Further, the fuel cell test platforms 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1 may be a single fuel cell test platform or a plurality of fuel cell test platforms to form a fuel cell test platform array, and each fuel cell test platform in the fuel cell test platform array works independently and is not interfered with each other;
Optionally, the fuel cell testing platform 11 includes, but is not limited to, a hydrogen gas flow testing unit, an air flow testing unit, a water management unit, a thermal management unit, and a control unit, and the tested fuel cells include, but are not limited to, fuel cell unit cells, fuel cell stacks, fuel cell systems, fuel cell engines, and the like, and the configurations of the corresponding fuel cell testing platforms of different fuel cells are different, so long as the tested fuel cell types and testing parameters are matched with the fuel cell testing platform. Similarly, the unidirectional DC/DC12 corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform also has different configuration parameters according to the voltage and current of the fuel cell to be tested, so long as the voltage and current interval that can be converted is matched with the voltage and current output by the fuel cell. In other words, the fuel cell test platforms 11 in the above-mentioned fuel cell test platform array may be of the same type or different types, and the unidirectional DC/DC12 may be of the same type or different types, but the input configuration parameter of each unidirectional DC/DC must be matched with the electrical output parameters of the fuel cell test platform to which it is connected, and the output configuration parameter of each unidirectional DC/DC must also be matched with the charging parameters of the energy storage battery 2.
Specifically, the energy storage battery 2 includes an energy storage battery pack 21 and a battery management unit BMS22, and the energy storage battery pack 21 and the battery management unit BMS22 are connected through a low voltage signal line.
The energy storage battery set 21 is configured to receive direct current electric energy generated in a testing process of the fuel cell transmitted by the unidirectional DC/DC12 in the fuel cell testing unit 1, and perform bidirectional transmission of electric energy with the lithium ion battery formation component unit 3 and a power grid respectively;
optionally, the energy storage battery pack 21 is one or more of a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery and a sodium-sulfur battery, and preferably, the energy storage battery pack 21 is preferably a lithium titanate battery or an all-vanadium flow battery.
The battery management unit BMS22 is configured to monitor the voltage, current and temperature of the energy storage battery pack 21, accurately estimate the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21, and transmit data information acquired in real time to the energy management unit 5 through a CAN line, and perform energy balance between the unit cells of the energy storage battery pack 21.
Specifically, the lithium ion battery formation and separation unit 3 includes a lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet 31 and a bidirectional DC/DC32, the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet 31 is electrically connected to one end of the bidirectional DC/DC32 corresponding to the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet, and the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC32 is electrically connected to one input end of the energy storage battery 2.
The battery cell forming and containing cabinet 31 in the battery forming and containing unit 3 is used for charging and discharging the battery cells entering the forming and containing process through bidirectional energy transfer with the energy storage battery 2, the bidirectional DC/DC32 is used for realizing bidirectional energy transfer between the energy storage battery 2 and the battery cell forming and containing cabinet 31 through direct-current voltage conversion, and the number of the bidirectional DC/DC32 is consistent with the number of the battery cell forming and containing cabinets 31 and forms a one-to-one correspondence.
Furthermore, the lithium ion battery cell forming and dividing cabinet 31 may be a single unit or a plurality of units, so as to form a lithium ion battery cell forming and dividing cabinet array, and the lithium ion battery cell forming and dividing cabinets 31 in the lithium ion battery cell forming and dividing cabinet array independently work without interference.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned lithium ion battery cell formation and division cabinet array, according to the difference of the type and capacity (ampere hour) of the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and division process, the specific parameter configuration of the lithium ion battery cell formation and division cabinet 31 corresponding to the lithium ion battery cell is different, so long as the configuration is matched with the process step parameters of the lithium ion battery cell needing formation and division, and similarly, the bidirectional DC/DC32 corresponding to the lithium ion battery cell formation and division cabinet 31 is also different due to the difference of the configuration parameters of the voltage and current of the lithium ion battery cell needing formation and division, so long as the convertible voltage and current interval are matched with the voltage and current of the charge and discharge of the lithium ion battery cell. In other words, in the above-mentioned lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet array, the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinets 31 may be of the same type or different types, and correspondingly, the bidirectional DC/DC32 may be of the same type or different types, but the configuration parameters at two ends of each bidirectional DC/DC32 must be respectively matched with the input and output parameters of the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet connected with the bidirectional DC/DC32 and the charge and discharge parameters of the energy storage battery 2.
Specifically, the dc end of the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 is electrically connected with the energy storage battery 2, and the ac end thereof is electrically connected with the power grid, so as to realize bidirectional energy transfer between the energy storage battery pack and the ac power grid through ac-dc conversion under specific conditions.
Specifically, the energy management unit 5 is connected with the fuel cell testing platform 11 and the unidirectional DC/DC12 in the fuel cell testing unit 1, the battery management unit BMS22 in the energy storage battery 2, the lithium ion battery cell formation component containing cabinet 31 and the bidirectional DC/DC32 in the lithium ion battery formation component unit 3, and the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 through CAN lines respectively, and is configured to receive real-time parameter information of the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage battery 2, and the lithium ion battery formation component containing unit 3, and issue operation instructions to control elements of the fuel cell testing platform 11, the unidirectional DC/DC12, the battery management unit BMS22, the lithium ion battery cell formation component containing cabinet 31, the bidirectional DC/DC32, and the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 according to preset commands, so as to manage and schedule energy of the whole fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system to maintain normal operation of the whole system.
The energy management unit 5 works in a steady off-grid working mode and a transient grid-connected working mode:
In a steady-state off-grid working mode, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to the fuel cell testing platform 11 in the fuel cell testing unit 1, electrochemical performance testing is carried out on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and working steps, meanwhile, a connection instruction is sent to the unidirectional DC/DC12 corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform 11, electric energy generated by the fuel cell on-line testing on the fuel cell testing platform 11 is output to the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage battery 2 after DC/DC voltage conversion, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to the lithium ion battery cell forming and containing cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery forming and containing unit 3 according to requirements, the lithium ion battery cell entering into the forming and containing working steps is charged and discharged according to preset working step parameters and circulation parameters, meanwhile, a connection instruction is sent to the bidirectional DC/DC32 corresponding to the lithium ion battery forming and containing cabinet 31, so that the electric energy in the energy storage battery pack 21 is output to the lithium ion battery cell after DC/DC voltage conversion in the charging step, the lithium ion battery cell forming and containing cabinet 31 is charged and the lithium ion battery cell electric energy is output to the lithium ion battery pack after the lithium ion battery cell forming and containing cabinet battery cell storing the electric energy to the lithium ion battery cell after the DC voltage conversion. In the whole process of fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery cell formation and capacity division, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is only transmitted among the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage battery 2 and the lithium ion battery formation and capacity division unit 3, and the grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 is always in an off state.
In a transient grid-connected working mode, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to the fuel cell testing platform 11 in the fuel cell testing unit 1, electrochemical performance testing is carried out on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and working steps, meanwhile, a connection instruction is sent to the unidirectional DC/DC12 corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform 11, electric energy generated by the fuel cell in the online test on the fuel cell testing platform 11 is output to the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage battery 2 after DC/DC voltage conversion, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to the lithium ion cell forming and containing cabinet 31 in the lithium ion cell forming and containing unit 3 according to requirements, the lithium ion cell entering into the forming and containing working steps is charged and discharged according to preset working step parameters and circulation parameters, meanwhile, a connection instruction is sent to the bidirectional DC/DC32 corresponding to the lithium ion cell forming and containing cabinet 31, so that the electric energy in the energy storage battery pack 21 is output to the lithium ion cell forming and containing cabinet 31 after DC/DC voltage conversion in the charging working steps, and the electric energy in the lithium ion cell pack 21 is output to the lithium ion cell forming and containing cabinet 31 after the lithium ion cell forming and charging step and the lithium ion cell battery cell forming and containing battery cell storing electric energy.
Meanwhile, the energy management unit 5 monitors the SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in real time, and preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy such as performing time delay operation on the testing of one or more groups of fuel cells of the fuel cell testing platform 11 and/or the charging and discharging of one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery cell pack 31 to realize the normal power transfer between the whole fuel cell testing and the lithium ion battery cell pack coupling system. When the above scheduling optimization strategy is adopted, normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system still cannot be guaranteed, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack 21 exceeds the set SOC upper limit or is lower than the set SOC lower limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4, the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 starts to track the phase of the power grid side, and after the phase tracking is completed, a grid-connected closing command is immediately opened, and the grid connection is completed by a corresponding execution switch closing; when the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 exceeds the set SOC upper limit, the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is regulated to be the voltage amplitude, frequency and phase matched with the power grid voltage through the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 by means of DC/AC inversion, and then is stably output to the power grid so as to vacate the storage capacity to continuously receive the electric energy generated by the fuel cell under test or/and the electric energy fed back to the energy storage battery pack 21 by means of discharging of the lithium ion battery cell, and when the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 is lower than the set SOC lower limit, the electric energy of the power grid is regulated to be the direct current voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 through AC/DC inversion through the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 and then is stably output to the energy storage battery pack 21 to supplement the storage capacity so as to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cell, and accordingly the orderly and stable operation of the fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery cell formation component process is ensured.
The invention uses the electric energy generated in the electrochemical test process of the fuel cell for the formation and the separation of the lithium ion battery, so that the energy waste caused by the consumption of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy by the conventional resistive load is avoided, the extra electric energy consumption for the resistive load cooling equipment is also saved, and on the other hand, the adoption of the energy storage battery pack realizes the closed circulation of the electric energy between the energy storage battery pack and the lithium ion battery to be tested, thereby avoiding the electric energy waste caused by the frequent electricity taking from the power grid for charging and the electric energy waste caused by the discharge in the form of the resistive heat energy in the formation and the separation process of the lithium ion battery. Therefore, the fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system provided by the invention realizes the efficient utilization of the electric energy in the fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component process, so that the electricity cost is also greatly saved.
In addition, the coupling system provided by the invention can avoid the serious interference of the common grid-fed electronic load on the high-frequency harmonic waves of the power grid due to the adoption of the energy storage battery pack when the power grid is required to be powered in extreme cases, so that the power quality of the power grid is ensured, on the other hand, the peak clipping and valley filling, harmonic wave management and reactive compensation of the power grid can be realized, the power quality of the power grid is improved, and meanwhile, the energy storage battery pack can bring extra benefits to enterprises through the power auxiliary services such as peak valley use, peak regulation and frequency modulation and the like.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system control method, as shown in fig. 2, which is realized by the following steps:
In step 200, the energy management unit 5 starts self-checking, and confirms that the grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 is in an off state, so that the fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode. Step 201 is then entered.
In step 201, the energy management unit 5 obtains the number and the test parameters of the fuel cells to be tested in the fuel cell test unit 1 to calculate the total electric quantity Q 1 generated by the fuel cells in the whole test process, obtains the SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 through the battery management unit BMS22 in the energy storage battery 2 to calculate the initial electric quantity Q 2 of the energy storage battery pack 21 and the electric quantity Q' 2 required for charging the current SOC to the set upper limit of SOC, obtains the capacity model (i.e. ampere hour) and the number of lithium ion battery cells in the lithium ion battery formation component unit 3 to calculate the total capacity Q 3 of the lithium ion battery cells required to be charged in the formation and/or capacity division process, and then compares the sizes between Q 1、Q2、Q′2 and Q 3 and proceeds to step 202.
In step 202, when the energy management unit 5 detects Q 1≤Q′2 and Q 3≤Q1+Q2, it enters step 210, i.e. enters a steady off-grid operation mode, and when it detects Q 1＞Q′2 or Q 3＞Q1+Q2, it enters step 220, i.e. enters a transient grid-connected operation mode.
In step 210, the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the fuel cell testing platform 11 in the fuel cell testing unit 1, performs electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and steps, and sends a turn-on instruction to the unidirectional DC/DC12 corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform 11, so that the electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on the fuel cell testing platform 11 on line is output to the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage battery 2 after DC/DC voltage conversion; and the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery formation and separation unit 3 according to the requirement, charges and discharges the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and separation process according to preset process step parameters and circulation parameters, and simultaneously sends a connection instruction to the bidirectional DC/DC32 corresponding to the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet 31 so as to realize that the lithium ion battery cell outputs the electric energy in the energy storage battery pack 21 after DC/DC voltage conversion to the lithium ion battery cell formation and separation cabinet 31 to charge the lithium ion battery cell and the lithium ion battery cell outputs the electric energy stored by the lithium ion battery cell to the energy storage battery pack 21 after DC/DC voltage conversion in the discharge process step. In the whole process of fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery cell formation and capacity division, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is only transmitted among the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage battery 2 and the lithium ion battery formation and capacity division unit 3, and the grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 is always in an off state.
At the same time, the energy management unit 5 compares the size between Q 3 and Q 2 and proceeds to step 211.
In step 211, the energy management unit 5 starts to detect if Q 3 is smaller than Q 2, if yes, step 212 is entered, and if not step 213 is entered.
In step 212, the fuel cell test and the formation of the lithium ion battery cell are in a decoupled state, and can be performed simultaneously or in a time-sharing manner without interference.
In step 213 the energy management unit 5 starts to detect if a Q 2≤Q3≤Q1+Q2 situation is present, if so goes to step 214 and if not goes back to step 211.
In step 214, the energy management unit 5 monitors the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in real time. And if the SOC is detected to be close to the preset SOC lower limit, adopting a scheduling optimization strategy for carrying out proper time delay operation on the charging steps of one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery formation component capacity bin so as to realize the normal electric energy transmission of the whole fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery formation component coupling system.
In step 220, the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the fuel cell testing platform 11 in the fuel cell testing unit 1, performs electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and working steps, sends a turn-on instruction to the unidirectional DC/DC12 corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform 11, converts the DC/DC voltage of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on the fuel cell testing platform 11 on line, outputs the electric energy to the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage battery 2, sends a start signal to the lithium ion battery cell formation component container 31 in the lithium ion battery formation component unit 3 according to requirements, charges and discharges the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation component container according to preset working step parameters and circulation parameters, and simultaneously sends a turn-on instruction to the bidirectional DC/DC32 corresponding to the lithium ion battery cell formation component container 31, so as to realize that the electric energy in the energy storage battery pack 21 is output to the lithium ion battery cell formation component container 31 after being subjected to DC/DC voltage conversion in the charging working steps, and the lithium ion battery cell formation component container 31 is charged to the lithium ion battery cell and the lithium ion battery cell is subjected to output to the DC voltage conversion in the charging working steps.
At the same time, the energy management unit 5 starts retrieving the combinations that exist between Q 1 and Q' 2 and between Q 3 and Q 1+Q2 on the premise of Q 1＞Q′2 or Q 3＞Q1+Q2, and proceeds to step 221.
In step 221 the energy management unit 5 starts to detect if the situation of Q 1＞Q′2 and Q 3≤Q1+Q2 is present, step 222 is entered if present and step 223 is entered if not present.
In step 222, the energy management unit 5 monitors the SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in real time, and preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy for performing a time-lapse operation on the test of one or more groups of fuel cells of the fuel cell test platform 11 to achieve the normal power transfer between the whole fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery formation component coupling system. When the above-mentioned scheduling optimization strategy still cannot guarantee normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system and the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 exceeds the set SOC upper limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4, the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 starts tracking the grid-side phase, after phase tracking is completed, a grid-connected switching-on command is immediately opened, grid connection is completed by corresponding execution switch switching-on, electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is regulated to be the voltage amplitude, frequency and phase matched with the grid voltage through DC/AC inversion by the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4, and then is stably output to the power grid so as to vacate a storage capacity to continuously receive electric energy generated by a fuel cell under test or/and electric energy discharged by a lithium ion battery cell back to the energy storage battery pack 21, thereby ensuring orderly and stable operation of the fuel cell test and lithium ion battery cell formation component capacity process.
In step 223 the energy management unit 5 starts to detect if the condition of Q 1≤Q′2 and Q 3＞Q1+Q2 is present, step 224 is entered if present and step 225 is entered if not present.
In step 224, the energy management unit 5 monitors the SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in real time, and preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy for performing a time-delay operation on the charging process steps of one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery cell formation component capacity bin 31 to realize the normal power transfer between the whole fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery formation component coupling system. When the above scheduling optimization strategy is adopted, normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system still cannot be guaranteed, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack 21 is monitored to be lower than the set SOC lower limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4, the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 starts to track the phase of the power grid side, after the phase tracking is completed, a grid-connected switching-on command is immediately opened, grid connection is completed by corresponding execution switch switching-on, electric energy of the power grid is regulated to direct current voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 through AC/DC inversion by the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4, and then the direct current voltage is stably output to the energy storage battery pack 21 to supplement storage capacity to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cells, so that orderly and stable operation of fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery cell formation component separation procedures is guaranteed.
In step 225 the energy management unit 5 starts to detect if the condition of Q 1＞Q′2 and Q 3＞Q1+Q2 is present, step 226 is entered if present and step 221 is returned if not present.
In step 226, the energy management unit 5 monitors the SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in real time, and preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy such as performing a time delay operation on the testing of one or more groups of fuel cells of the fuel cell testing platform 11 and/or the charging and discharging of one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery cell pack 31 to achieve the normal power transfer between the whole fuel cell testing and the lithium ion battery cell pack coupling system. When the above scheduling optimization strategy is adopted, normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system still cannot be guaranteed, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack 21 exceeds the set SOC upper limit or is lower than the set SOC lower limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4, the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 starts to track the phase of the power grid side, and after the phase tracking is completed, a grid-connected closing command is immediately opened, and the grid connection is completed by a corresponding execution switch closing; when the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 exceeds the set SOC upper limit, the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is regulated to be the voltage amplitude, frequency and phase matched with the power grid voltage through the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 by means of DC/AC inversion, and then is stably output to the power grid so as to vacate the storage capacity to continuously receive the electric energy generated by the fuel cell under test or/and the electric energy fed back to the energy storage battery pack 21 by means of discharging of the lithium ion battery cell, and when the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 is lower than the set SOC lower limit, the electric energy of the power grid is regulated to be the direct current voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 through AC/DC inversion through the energy storage bidirectional inverter 4 and then is stably output to the energy storage battery pack 21 to supplement the storage capacity so as to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cell, and accordingly the orderly and stable operation of the fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery cell formation component process is ensured.
The foregoing disclosure of embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of embodiments of the present invention, but rather to limit the scope of embodiments of the present invention by simple and equivalent changes and modifications according to the claims and descriptions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation capacity-division coupling system is characterized by comprising a fuel cell test unit, an energy storage cell, a lithium ion battery formation capacity-division unit, an energy storage bidirectional inverter and an energy management unit, wherein the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell test unit, the energy storage cell, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-division unit and the energy storage bidirectional inverter, the energy storage cell is respectively in electric connection with the fuel cell test unit, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-division unit and the energy storage bidirectional inverter, the fuel cell test unit comprises at least one group of fuel cell test platforms and unidirectional DC/DC, a direct current output end of a fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell test platforms is electrically connected with an input end of the unidirectional DC/DC corresponding to the direct current output end, and an output end of the unidirectional DC/DC is electrically connected with one input end of the energy storage cell.
2. The fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system of claim 1, wherein the energy storage battery comprises an energy storage battery pack and a battery management unit, the energy storage battery pack and the battery management unit BMS being connected by a low voltage signal line.
3. The fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system of claim 2, wherein the energy storage battery pack employs one or more of a lead acid battery, a lead carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery, a sodium sulfur battery, a lithium titanate battery, and an all vanadium flow battery.
4. The fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery cell separation and coupling system of claim 3, wherein the lithium ion battery separation and coupling unit comprises at least one set of lithium ion battery cell separation and coupling cabinets and a bi-directional DC/DC, wherein the lithium ion battery cell separation and coupling cabinet is electrically connected to one end of the bi-directional DC/DC corresponding thereto, and the other end of the bi-directional DC/DC is electrically connected to one input of the energy storage battery.
5. The coupling system of fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component according to claim 4, wherein the energy management unit is connected with the fuel cell testing platform and unidirectional DC/DC in the fuel cell testing unit, the battery management unit in the energy storage battery, the lithium ion battery formation component tank and bidirectional DC/DC in the lithium ion battery formation component tank and the energy storage bidirectional inverter respectively through CAN lines, and is configured to receive real-time parameter information of the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage battery and the lithium ion battery formation component unit and issue operation instructions to the control elements of the fuel cell testing platform, the unidirectional DC/DC, the battery management unit BMS, the lithium ion battery formation component tank, the bidirectional DC/DC and the energy storage bidirectional inverter PCS according to preset commands.
6. A control method of a fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps that (1), an energy management unit starts self-checking, and confirms that a grid-connected isolating switch of an energy storage bidirectional inverter is in an off state, so that a fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode;
Step (2), the energy management unit obtains the number and the test parameters of the fuel cells to be tested in the fuel cell test platform, determines the total electric quantity Q 1 generated by the fuel cells in the whole test process, obtains the SOC of the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage battery pack, determines the initial electric quantity Q 2 of the energy storage battery pack and the electric quantity Q ′ 2 required by charging the current SOC to the set upper limit of the SOC, obtains the capacity model and the number of the lithium ion battery cells in the lithium ion battery formation composition cabinet, thereby calculating the total capacity Q 3 of the lithium ion battery cells to be charged in the formation and/or separation process, wherein the capacity model is an ampere-hour number, and then compares the sizes between Q 1、Q2、Q′2 and Q 3:
if Q 1≤Q′2 and Q 3≤Q1+Q2 are the same, entering a steady off-network working mode;
if Q 1＞Q′2, or Q 3＞Q1+Q2, then a transient grid-tie mode of operation is entered.
7. The method for controlling the fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation capacity coupling system according to claim 6, wherein the steady-state off-grid working mode is that the energy management unit sends a starting signal to the fuel cell testing platform, electrochemical performance testing is conducted on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and working steps, meanwhile, a one-way DC/DC sending on command corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform is sent to the fuel cell testing platform, electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on line on the fuel cell testing platform is converted by DC/DC voltage and then is output to the energy storage battery pack, the energy management unit sends a starting signal to the lithium ion battery cell entering the capacity formation process according to preset parameter settings and circulation parameter settings, meanwhile, a two-way DC/DC sending on command corresponding to the lithium ion battery cell is conducted on the capacity formation process to achieve that the electric energy in the lithium ion battery cell is output to the capacity formation cabinet after being converted by DC/DC voltage and then is output to the energy storage battery pack after the capacity is converted by the DC/DC voltage and the capacity formation battery cell is always conducted to the capacity formation battery cell in the charge process of the PCS, and the electric energy is always conducted to the capacity formation battery cell in the capacity formation capacity is in the charge process of the capacity of the battery pack after the capacity is converted by the PCS.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein if Q 3＜Q2 is determined, the fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery cell formation component are in a decoupled state, and if Q 2≤Q3≤Q1+Q2 is determined, the energy management unit EMS performs a scheduling optimization strategy for performing a time-delay operation on one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery formation component cabinet according to the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack monitored in real time.
9. The method for controlling a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system according to claim 6, wherein the transient grid-connected operation mode is that the energy management unit sends a starting signal to the fuel cell testing platform, performs electrochemical performance test on a fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and sends a connection instruction to unidirectional DC/DC corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform to convert electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on line on the fuel cell testing platform into DC/DC voltage and then outputs the DC/DC voltage to the energy storage battery pack; the energy management unit is used for charging and discharging the lithium ion battery cells entering the formation and separation process according to preset process step parameter setting and circulation parameter setting, sending a connection instruction to the bidirectional DC/DC corresponding to the lithium ion battery formation and separation cabinet so as to realize that the lithium ion battery cells convert electric energy in the energy storage battery pack into DC/DC voltage in a charging process step and then output the DC/DC voltage to the lithium ion battery formation and separation cabinet to charge the lithium ion battery cells and convert the electric energy stored in the lithium ion battery cells into DC/DC voltage in a discharging process step and then output the DC/DC voltage to the energy storage battery pack, monitoring the SOC of the energy storage battery pack in real time in the process of testing the fuel cells and forming the lithium ion battery cells into the capacity, sending a grid-connected instruction to the energy storage bidirectional inverter when the SOC of the energy storage battery pack is monitored to exceed the set SOC upper limit or lower than the set SOC lower limit, when the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack exceeds the set SOC upper limit, outputting the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack to a power grid through an energy storage bidirectional inverter so as to vacate a storage capacity to continuously receive the electric energy generated by the fuel cell under test or/and the electric energy discharged by the lithium ion battery cell and fed back to the energy storage battery pack, and when the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is lower than the set SOC lower limit, outputting the electric energy of the power grid to the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage bidirectional inverter so as to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cell, thereby ensuring the orderly and stable operation of the fuel cell test and the battery cell formation and capacity separation process.
10. The method for controlling a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system according to claim 9, wherein if Q 1＞Q′2 and Q 3≤Q1+Q2 are the same, the energy management unit preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy for performing a time-lapse operation on one or more groups of fuel cell tests of the fuel cell testing platform to realize normal power transmission of the whole fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system, and when the scheduling optimization strategy is adopted, normal power transmission of the whole coupling system still cannot be guaranteed and it is monitored that the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack exceeds a set upper limit of SOC, a grid connection instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter, and the power stored by the energy storage battery pack is stably output to a power grid through the energy storage bidirectional inverter so as to vacate a storage capacity to continuously receive the power generated by the fuel cell or/and the power discharged by the lithium ion battery cell back to the energy storage battery pack; if Q 1≤Q′2 and Q 3＞Q1+Q2, the energy management unit preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy for performing time-delay operation on the charging process steps of one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery cell formation component cabinet to realize the normal electric energy transmission of the whole fuel cell test and lithium ion battery formation component capacity coupling system, and if the scheduling optimization strategy is adopted, the normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system still cannot be ensured and the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack is monitored to be lower than the set SOC lower limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter to stably output the electric energy of the power grid to the energy storage battery pack to supplement the storage capacity so as to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cells, if Q 1＞Q′2 and Q 3＞Q1+Q2, the energy management unit preferably adopts a scheduling optimization strategy such as time delay operation for testing one or more groups of fuel cells of the fuel cell testing platform and/or charging and discharging one or more groups of lithium ion battery cells of the lithium ion battery cell formation component cabinet to realize normal electric energy transmission of the whole fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation component coupling system, when the scheduling optimization strategy can not guarantee the normal electric energy transmission of the whole coupling system and monitors that the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack exceeds the set SOC upper limit or is lower than the set SOC lower limit, a grid-connected instruction is sent to the energy storage bidirectional inverter, and when the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is lower than the set SOC lower limit, the electric energy of the power grid is stably output to the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage bidirectional inverter to supplement the storage capacity to continuously charge the lithium ion battery cell, so that the orderly and stable operation of the fuel cell test and the battery cell formation and capacity division process of the lithium ion battery is ensured.
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