CN111337569A - Novel pulse near-field and far-field combined eddy current sensor - Google Patents
Novel pulse near-field and far-field combined eddy current sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于基础化工和石油炼化行业工业管线无损检测领域，具体说是一种新型的脉冲近场、远场组合式涡流传感器。本发明是由一个六芯快接自锁式插头、一个激励线圈、两个接收线圈(A/B)、一个支撑架、一个滑动装置和一根两芯柔性线缆组成。其中，一个接收线圈A与激励线圈同轴耦合放置，实现脉冲“近场涡流”；第二个接收线圈B在支撑架上可平行滑动以便调节距离，这样在激励线圈较远位置(远场位置)实现脉冲“远场涡流”。本发明具有较好的聚焦穿透功能，不仅能对带较厚包覆层和较大壁厚管道或设备进行检测，且能够对保护层为镀锌铁皮(白铁皮)的包覆层管线或设备进行检测。
The invention belongs to the field of non-destructive testing of industrial pipelines in basic chemical and petroleum refining industries, in particular to a novel pulsed near-field and far-field combined eddy current sensor. The invention is composed of a six-core quick-connect self-locking plug, an excitation coil, two receiving coils (A/B), a support frame, a sliding device and a two-core flexible cable. Among them, one receiving coil A is coaxially coupled with the excitation coil to realize the pulse "near-field eddy current"; the second receiving coil B can slide in parallel on the support frame to adjust the distance, so that in the far-field position of the excitation coil (far-field position) ) to achieve a pulsed "far-field eddy current". The invention has better focusing and penetration function, and can not only detect pipelines or equipment with thicker cladding layers and larger wall thicknesses, but also can detect cladding pipelines or equipment whose protective layers are galvanized iron sheets (white iron sheets). test.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于基础化工和石油炼化行业工业管线无损检测领域，具体说是一种新型的脉冲近场、远场组合式涡流传感器。The invention belongs to the field of non-destructive testing of industrial pipelines in basic chemical and petroleum refining industries, in particular to a novel pulsed near-field and far-field combined eddy current sensor.
背景技术Background technique
基础化工和石油炼化装置运行过程中，对重点高腐蚀风险的管线壁厚减薄状态进行监测非常必要，一般都采用传统的超声波测厚仪进行定点测厚。During the operation of basic chemical and petroleum refining plants, it is very necessary to monitor the thinning state of pipeline wall thickness with high corrosion risk. Traditional ultrasonic thickness gauges are generally used for fixed-point thickness measurement.
现有的脉冲涡流传感器(即：近场涡流部分)，一般能够实现一定壁厚的扫查，实现缺陷位置快速定位的目的。但是对包覆层较厚以及壁厚较厚的管道难以实现快速穿透，需要采用降低频率等手段才能实现缺陷的定位，不能够满足脉冲涡流快速定位缺陷位置的本意。The existing pulsed eddy current sensor (ie, the near-field eddy current part) can generally realize the scanning inspection of a certain wall thickness and achieve the purpose of quickly locating the defect position. However, it is difficult to achieve rapid penetration of pipelines with thick coating layers and thick walls, and it is necessary to reduce the frequency to achieve the location of defects, which cannot meet the original intention of pulsed eddy current to quickly locate the defect.
对于带包覆层的管线或设备，为防雨防潮，需要在包覆层外设置保护层，现有保护层材料一般为铝皮、不锈钢皮或镀锌铁皮(白铁皮)，与铝皮和不锈钢皮不同，镀锌铁皮(白铁皮)具有较高的相对磁导率，会对脉冲涡流检测信号产生屏蔽作用，现有脉冲涡流传感器不能对保护层为镀锌铁皮(白铁皮)的带包覆层管道进行检测。For pipelines or equipment with cladding layer, in order to prevent rain and moisture, a protective layer needs to be provided outside the cladding layer. The existing protective layer materials are generally aluminum skin, stainless steel skin or galvanized iron (white iron), and aluminum and stainless steel The galvanized iron sheet (white iron sheet) has a high relative magnetic permeability, which will shield the pulsed eddy current detection signal. The existing pulsed eddy current sensor cannot be used for the coating of the galvanized iron sheet (white iron sheet). test.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了克服上述缺陷，发明了一种新型的脉冲近场、远场组合式流涡传感器装置。In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, a novel pulsed near-field and far-field combined eddy sensor device was invented.
本发明为实现上述目的所采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for realizing the above-mentioned purpose is:
一种新型的脉冲近场、远场组合式涡流传感器，包括：激励线圈、接收线圈A、接收线圈B、连接件、支撑架、滑动装置，其中：A novel pulsed near-field and far-field combined eddy current sensor, comprising: an excitation coil, a receiving coil A, a receiving coil B, a connector, a support frame, and a sliding device, wherein:
激励线圈与主机相连，固定于支撑架一端，用于接收脉冲电流；The excitation coil is connected with the host and fixed at one end of the support frame for receiving pulse current;
接收线圈A缠绕在激励线圈外，且与激励线圈同轴；The receiving coil A is wound outside the excitation coil and is coaxial with the excitation coil;
滑动装置设置于支撑架上，可任意滑动；The sliding device is arranged on the support frame and can be freely slid;
接收线圈B与滑动装置组合形成滑动接收线圈B；The receiving coil B is combined with the sliding device to form a sliding receiving coil B;
激励线圈、接收线圈A、接收线圈B均接于连接件，用于连接外部设备。The excitation coil, the receiving coil A, and the receiving coil B are all connected to the connecting piece for connecting external equipment.
所述接收线圈A与激励线圈组成脉冲近场涡流检测单元，用于检测待测管壁中产生的近场涡流区域。The receiving coil A and the excitation coil form a pulsed near-field eddy current detection unit, which is used to detect the near-field eddy current region generated in the tube wall to be tested.
所述滑动接收线圈B与激励线圈组成脉冲远场涡流检测单元，用于检测待测管壁中产生的远场涡流区域。The sliding receiving coil B and the excitation coil form a pulse far-field eddy current detection unit, which is used to detect the far-field eddy current region generated in the tube wall to be tested.
所述接收线圈A与激励线圈等高。The receiving coil A is the same height as the excitation coil.
所述接收线圈A和接收线圈B的线径小于激励线圈的线径。The wire diameters of the receiving coil A and the receiving coil B are smaller than the wire diameter of the excitation coil.
所述滑动装置滑动范围为距离激励线圈50mm-1000mm。The sliding range of the sliding device is 50mm-1000mm from the excitation coil.
激励线圈接收外部设备输送的脉冲信号，使激励线圈中产生瞬间衰减的磁场。The excitation coil receives the pulse signal sent by the external device, so that the magnetic field attenuated instantaneously is generated in the excitation coil.
所述脉冲信号为瞬间关断电流。The pulse signal is an instant off current.
通过在激励线圈中加载瞬间关断电流，激励出脉冲式瞬间衰减磁场，使待测管壁中产生衰减涡流；接收线圈A接收管壁中近场涡流区域内的二次衰减磁场或接收线圈B接收管壁中远场涡流区域内的二次衰减磁场，输出对应的衰减感应电压信号，用于解析管壁异常区域的情况。By loading an instantaneous cut-off current in the excitation coil, a pulsed instantaneous decay magnetic field is excited to generate decay eddy current in the tube wall to be measured; the receiving coil A receives the secondary decay magnetic field in the near-field eddy current region in the tube wall or the receiving coil B Receive the secondary attenuation magnetic field in the far-field eddy current region of the pipe wall, and output the corresponding attenuation induced voltage signal, which is used to analyze the abnormal area of the pipe wall.
所述管壁异常区域的情况包括：因为腐蚀所致的金属损失，裂纹，夹渣，应力集中缺陷。The conditions of the abnormal area of the pipe wall include: metal loss due to corrosion, cracks, slag inclusions, and stress concentration defects.
本发明具有以下有益效果及优点：The present invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
1.本发明可同时实现脉冲近场涡流和脉冲远场涡流的检测功能。1. The present invention can simultaneously realize the detection function of the pulsed near-field eddy current and the pulsed far-field eddy current.
2.本发明可实现对包覆层厚度小于150mm、设备或钢质管道壁厚小于40mm的装置进行检测，在增加穿透能力的基础上，同时增加了检测精度。2. The present invention can realize the detection of devices whose coating thickness is less than 150mm and the wall thickness of equipment or steel pipeline is less than 40mm. On the basis of increasing the penetration ability, the detection accuracy is also increased.
3.本发明具有较好的聚焦穿透功能，不仅能对带较厚包覆层和较大壁厚管道或设备进行检测，且能够对保护层为镀锌铁皮(白铁皮)的包覆层管线或设备进行检测。3. The present invention has better focusing and penetrating function, not only can detect pipelines or equipment with thicker cladding layer and larger wall thickness, but also can detect cladding pipelines whose protective layer is galvanized iron sheet (white iron sheet). or device for testing.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1本发明的结构图。Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1所示，发明了一种新型的脉冲近场、远场组合式流涡传感器装置。该脉冲近场、远场组合式流涡传感器装置，是由一个六芯快接自锁式插头、一个激励线圈、两个接收线圈(A/B)、一个支撑架、一个滑动装置和一根两芯柔性线缆组成。As shown in Figure 1, a new type of pulsed near-field and far-field combined eddy sensor device was invented. The pulsed near-field and far-field combined eddy sensor device is composed of a six-core quick-connect self-locking plug, an excitation coil, two receiving coils (A/B), a support frame, a sliding device and a Two-core flexible cable.
接收线圈A与激励线圈同轴，组成“脉冲近场涡流”检测系统。其中，激励线圈两根线连到六芯快接自锁式插头，接收线圈两根线也连到六芯快接自锁式插头上。The receiving coil A is coaxial with the excitation coil to form a "pulse near-field eddy current" detection system. Among them, the two wires of the excitation coil are connected to the six-core quick-connect self-locking plug, and the two wires of the receiving coil are also connected to the six-core quick-connect self-locking plug.
接收线圈B在激励线圈外部，与滑动装置结合在一起，形成滑动接收线圈B。滑动接收线圈B通过支撑杆可以调整距离，形成了脉冲远场涡流检测系统(依据管径不同，微调远场区距离)。The receiving coil B is outside the excitation coil and is combined with the sliding device to form a sliding receiving coil B. The distance of the sliding receiving coil B can be adjusted through the support rod, forming a pulsed far-field eddy current detection system (the distance of the far-field area can be fine-tuned according to different pipe diameters).
该脉冲远场涡流传感器装置由激励线圈、接收线圈A、接收线圈B、支撑架和滑动装置组成。其中，接收线圈A与激励线圈同轴。The pulsed far-field eddy current sensor device is composed of an excitation coil, a receiving coil A, a receiving coil B, a support frame and a sliding device. The receiving coil A is coaxial with the excitation coil.
接收线圈B在激励线圈外部，与滑动装置结合在一起，形成滑动接收线圈B。滑动接收线圈B通过支撑杆可以调整距离，形成了脉冲远场涡流检测系统。The receiving coil B is outside the excitation coil and is combined with the sliding device to form a sliding receiving coil B. The distance of the sliding receiving coil B can be adjusted through the support rod, forming a pulsed far-field eddy current detection system.
该专利中激励线圈线径为0.2mm-2mm，激励线圈匝数为50-1500匝，根据包覆层厚度和壁厚进行选择。In this patent, the wire diameter of the excitation coil is 0.2mm-2mm, and the number of turns of the excitation coil is 50-1500 turns, which are selected according to the thickness of the cladding layer and the wall thickness.
接收线圈A线径为0.1mm-1mm，接收线圈A匝数为100-2000匝，根据包覆层厚度和壁厚进行选择。The wire diameter of the receiving coil A is 0.1mm-1mm, and the number of turns of the receiving coil A is 100-2000 turns, which are selected according to the thickness of the cladding layer and the wall thickness.
接收线圈B线径为0.1mm-1mm，接收线圈A匝数为100-2000匝，根据包覆层厚度和壁厚进行选择。The wire diameter of the receiving coil B is 0.1mm-1mm, and the number of turns of the receiving coil A is 100-2000 turns, which are selected according to the thickness of the cladding layer and the wall thickness.
激励线圈固定于支撑架上，支撑架绝缘。The excitation coil is fixed on the support frame, and the support frame is insulated.
本发明中的滑动装置滑动范围为50mm-1000mm。The sliding range of the sliding device in the present invention is 50mm-1000mm.
本发明可同时实现脉冲近场涡流和脉冲远场涡流的检测功能。The invention can simultaneously realize the detection function of the pulsed near-field eddy current and the pulsed far-field eddy current.
本发明与脉冲涡流主机连接，并通过脉冲涡流壁厚测量算法软件，可实现对包覆层厚度小于150mm、设备或钢质管道壁厚小于40mm的装置进行检测，同时增加了检测精度。所述脉冲涡流壁厚测量算法软件根据接收线圈二次磁场对应电压曲线的晚期信号的斜率，可以得到探头移动时对应不同位置的壁厚值。The present invention is connected with the pulse eddy current host, and through the pulse eddy current wall thickness measurement algorithm software, it can realize the detection of the device with the coating thickness less than 150mm, the equipment or the steel pipeline wall thickness less than 40mm, and at the same time increase the detection accuracy. The pulsed eddy current wall thickness measurement algorithm software can obtain the wall thickness values corresponding to different positions when the probe moves according to the slope of the late signal of the voltage curve corresponding to the secondary magnetic field of the receiving coil.
本发明可实现保护层为镀锌钢(白铁皮)的包覆层管线或设备的厚度检测。The invention can realize the thickness detection of the coating pipeline or equipment whose protective layer is galvanized steel (white iron sheet).
本发明的“脉冲近场、远场组合式涡流传感器”的特点是：穿透能力强，既可实现较厚包覆层及较大壁厚管线或设备的检测，同时具有较好的聚焦功能，能够对保护层为镀锌钢(铁皮)的包覆层管线或设备进行高精度和高穿透能力的检测。由于是组合式传感器，所得到的是激励探头磁场覆盖管线位置的两个区域(涡流衰减近场区和涡流衰减远场区)的综合反馈信号，这两个综合信号中包含的信息量非常广，具有多重意义。通过算法解析，可以得到近场区的数据反馈，以及远场区的数据反馈。The "impulse near-field and far-field combined eddy current sensor" of the present invention is characterized by strong penetrating ability, which can not only realize the detection of thicker coating layers and larger wall thickness pipelines or equipment, but also has better focusing function. , It can perform high-precision and high-penetration detection on clad pipelines or equipment whose protective layer is galvanized steel (iron sheet). Since it is a combined sensor, what is obtained is the comprehensive feedback signal of the excitation probe magnetic field covering the two areas of the pipeline position (the eddy current attenuation near-field area and the eddy current attenuation far-field area). The two comprehensive signals contain a very wide amount of information. , has multiple meanings. Through algorithm analysis, data feedback in the near-field region and data feedback in the far-field region can be obtained.
本发明通过在激励线圈中加载(脉冲式)瞬间关断电流，会激励出(脉冲式)快速衰减磁场，这个衰减磁场也会在待测管壁中产生衰减涡流。管壁中衰减涡流会产生二次衰减磁场，在接收线圈中会接收到这个二次衰减磁场，输出对应的衰减感应电压(信号)。In the present invention, by loading the excitation coil (pulse type) and shutting off the current instantaneously, a (pulse type) rapidly decaying magnetic field is excited, and this decaying magnetic field also generates attenuating eddy currents in the tube wall to be measured. The decaying eddy current in the tube wall will generate a secondary decaying magnetic field, which will be received in the receiving coil, and the corresponding decaying induced voltage (signal) will be output.
如果管道上有缺陷，则会影响加载管道上衰减涡流状况，继而影响二次衰减磁场，继而影响接收线圈上的衰减感应电压。二次衰减磁场在接收线圈中所感应衰减电压，实际上包含了金属厚度等综合信息。通过算法解析，就可以得到缺陷的具体位置及严重程度。If there is a defect on the pipe, it will affect the attenuation eddy current condition on the loading pipe, which in turn affects the secondary attenuation magnetic field, which in turn affects the attenuation induced voltage on the receiving coil. The attenuation voltage induced by the secondary attenuation magnetic field in the receiving coil actually contains comprehensive information such as metal thickness. Through the algorithm analysis, the specific location and severity of the defect can be obtained.
针对接收线圈A，它与激励线圈同轴，接收到的是近场涡流区域。这个区域的二次衰减磁场强度较强(也就是涡流密度较大)，灵敏度较高，但渗透力较弱；针对接收线圈B，对应的二次衰减磁场是远场涡流区域。这个区域的二次衰减磁场强度较弱(也就是涡流密度较小)，灵敏度较低，但渗透力较强，可以穿透较大壁厚的保温层和壁厚。For the receiving coil A, it is coaxial with the excitation coil, and what is received is the near-field eddy current region. The secondary decay magnetic field strength in this area is stronger (that is, the eddy current density is larger), the sensitivity is higher, but the penetration force is weak; for the receiving coil B, the corresponding secondary decay magnetic field is the far-field eddy current region. The secondary decay magnetic field strength in this area is weak (that is, the eddy current density is small), and the sensitivity is low, but the penetration force is strong, which can penetrate the insulation layer and wall thickness of the larger wall thickness.
以上所述，仅为本发明的一个具体实施案例，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明所述的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a specific implementation case of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical scope of the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions of the present invention and its inventive concept, which are all included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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