CN111298972A - A flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase transition control and electrostatic coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a phase-change degree regulation and control and electrostatic coupling flue gas water-receiving and pollutant-removing device which comprises a discharge structure, a dust-collecting structure and a heat exchange structure, wherein the discharge structure is arranged inside the dust-collecting structure, the discharge structure comprises at least one metal electrode, an inner layer heat exchange water pipe is arranged in each metal electrode, a plurality of needling protrusions are arranged on each metal electrode, the dust-collecting structure comprises at least one first polar plate and at least one second polar plate, a cooling water channel is formed between the first polar plate and the second polar plate, the inner layer heat exchange water pipe and the cooling water channel are communicated with a water collecting tank, and water in the water collecting tank is cooled by the heat exchange structure and then enters the inner layer heat exchange water pipe and the cooling water channel again. The invention realizes the cooling of the flue gas by introducing cooling water into the inner layer heat exchange water pipe and the cooling water channel, connects the metal electrode with the high-voltage power supply, and uses the acupuncture bulges as the discharge surface and the heat exchange surface simultaneously, thereby realizing the integration of heat exchange and discharge.

Description

A flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase transition control and electrostatic coupling

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial flue gas pollutant removal, in particular to a flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase transition control and electrostatic coupling.

Background technique

With the tightening of environmental protection policies, the emission of particulate matter, SO ₂ , NO _x and other pollutants in industrial waste gas such as power plants, thermal power, iron and steel, chemicals, and incineration flue gas has been effectively controlled, and ambient air quality has been improved to a certain extent. The number of haze days, especially the days of severe haze, is decreasing. However, the emission of air pollutants in my country is still a large and wide-ranging situation, and the ambient air quality is significantly different from that of western developed countries. Among the air pollutant emissions, industrial flue gas pollutant emissions are still an important source of pollution. Especially in recent years, the phenomenon of "colored plumes" has attracted frequent attention. Whether it is visual pollution, or the hazards of "condensable particulate matter" and "soluble salts" that have been concerned by some public opinion in recent years, they all have a certain impact on the residents around the pollutants.

How to realize the elimination of colored plumes from industrial flue gas in different industries and the coordinated control of multiple pollutants has become a major environmental protection requirement in my country. Industrial flue gas containing different pollutants is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney, and is usually white, gray, blue, etc. visually due to the background color of the sky, the light of the sky, and the viewing angle. After the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere, the temperature _of the flue gas decreases, and the water vapor in the flue gas condenses into small droplets to form white smoke. Fine dust, gypsum droplets, high soluble salt content, high humidity, and dense fog droplets tend to appear gray. Therefore, reducing the humidity of the flue gas and further removing the fine particles, gypsum droplets, soluble salts, _SO3 , etc. in the flue gas are the keys to removing colored plumes.

At present, the reduction of flue gas humidity is mainly achieved by methods such as condensation and reheating. The condensation method reduces the absolute water content of the flue gas by reducing the flue temperature of the saturated wet flue gas after desulfurization, so that the water vapor in the flue gas is condensed and precipitated. The reheat method is to heat the flue gas temperature at the entrance of the chimney to make the flue gas reach an unsaturated state, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating colored plumes, but this method cannot reduce the absolute water content of the flue gas. _On the other hand, the current technology for deep removal of fine particles, gypsum droplets, soluble salts, SO3, etc. in flue gas is mainly wet electrostatic precipitator, which ionizes fine particles, gypsum droplets through high-voltage discharge ionized gas molecules. , soluble salts, SO ₃ charged and removed. In order to achieve the best purpose of eliminating colored plumes, two equipments, the flue gas heat exchanger and the wet electrostatic precipitator, must be used at the same time, and the existing implementation schemes are both arranged in series. However, in practical projects, the desulfurization system is generally renovated many times, and the site is relatively tight, especially the available space on the flue from the desulfurization tower outlet to the chimney is generally limited, and the flue gas heat exchanger and wet electrostatic precipitator are installed on the flue of the desulfurization outlet at the same time. hard to accomplish. In addition, the limited heat exchange area and discharge area of the existing heat exchanger in a limited space lead to limited heat exchange and pollutant removal capacity, which is also an important reason for limiting the serial application of conventional single-cell technology. Therefore, how to eliminate colored plumes through flue gas heat exchange and multi-pollutant synergistic efficient removal under limited site conditions is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to solve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase transition regulation and electrostatic coupling, which utilizes flue gas heat exchange to realize the regulation of phase transition, and then couples electrostatic methods to achieve enhanced migration of pollutants, It solves the problem of recovery and enhanced removal of water and multi-pollutants in wet flue gas.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

The invention provides a flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase change control and electrostatic coupling, comprising a discharge structure, a dust collection structure and a heat exchange structure, wherein the discharge structure is arranged inside the dust collection structure , the discharge structure includes at least one metal electrode, each of which is connected to a high-voltage power supply, each of the metal electrodes is provided with an inner layer of water exchange pipes, and each of the metal electrodes is provided with a number of acupuncture protrusions , the dust collecting structure includes at least one first pole plate and at least one second pole plate, the first pole plate and the second pole plate are arranged oppositely, and the first pole plate and the second pole plate A cooling water channel is formed between the plates, the inner heat exchange pipe and the cooling water channel are both connected to the water collection tank, one end of the heat exchange structure is connected to the water collection tank, and the other end of the heat exchange structure is connected to the water collection tank. The inner layer hot water exchange pipe is communicated with the cooling water channel, and the water in the water collecting tank is cooled by the heat exchange structure and then re-enters the inner layer hot water exchange pipe and the cooling water channel.

Preferably, the discharge structure adopts a three-layer nested structure, and the discharge structure includes the inner-layer hot water exchange pipe, the intermediate insulating layer and the metal electrode, which are sequentially nested from the inside to the outside.

Preferably, the intermediate insulating layer is filled with a solid or porous insulating material, and the two ends of the intermediate insulating layer are respectively subjected to dense moisture-proof treatment at the junctions between the two ends of the inner water exchange pipe and the metal electrode.

Preferably, a plurality of the acupuncture protrusions are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the metal electrode, 12 acupuncture protrusions are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the metal electrode, and the length of the acupuncture protrusions is the length of the The distance between the metal electrode and the dust collecting structure is 1/3, and the distance between the acupuncture protrusions on adjacent circumferences is 1-1.5 times the length of the acupuncture protrusions.

Preferably, the upper end of the first electrode plate and the upper end of the second electrode plate form an overflow groove.

Preferably, the heat exchange structure includes a filter and a cooler, one end of the filter is communicated with the water collecting tank, the other end of the filter is communicated with one end of the cooler, and the other end of the cooler is communicated with One end is respectively communicated with the inner layer hot water exchange pipe and the cooling water channel through pipelines.

Preferably, the dust collection structure is a plate structure, and the dust collection structure includes two first electrode plates and two second electrode plates arranged in parallel, and the two second electrode plates are located in two On the inner side of the first pole plate, the discharge structure is located between the two second pole plates, and each of the metal electrodes is evenly distributed along the length direction of the first pole plate and the second pole plate.

Preferably, the dust collecting structure is a cylindrical structure, and the dust collecting structure of the cylindrical structure includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, and the second electrode plate is nested in the On the inner side of the first electrode plate, the discharge structure is located at the center of the dust collecting structure of the cylindrical structure.

Preferably, the cross section of the dust collecting structure of the cylindrical structure is circular or polygonal.

The present invention has achieved the following technical effects with respect to the prior art:

The invention realizes the cooling of the flue gas by passing the cooling water into the inner layer of the hot water exchange pipe and the cooling water channel, and connects the metal electrode with the high-voltage power supply. Integrated with the discharge, in the actual application process, the wet flue gas is passed between the discharge structure and the dust collection structure, and the water vapor in the flue gas occurs on the surface _of pollutants (fine particles, gypsum droplets, soluble salt, SO3, etc.) Phase change condensation effectively promotes the growth of particle size, helps to strengthen the charging and migration of pollutants, and significantly improves the removal efficiency of multi-pollutants; Condensation occurs on the surfaces of the protrusions, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, and the condensed water can serve the purpose of cleaning the device, so that the particles and other pollutants collected on the surface are collected, and the self-cleaning function can also effectively reduce the consumption of cleaning water. The water in the inner layer of hot water exchange pipe and cooling water channel rises in temperature after heat exchange, enters the water collecting tank, and after being cooled by the heat exchange structure, re-enters the inner layer of hot water exchange pipe and cooling water channel for heat exchange again.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device of the present invention's phase transition regulation and electrostatic coupling;

2 is a top view of the discharge structure and the dust collection structure in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the dust collecting structure schematic diagram 1 of the cylindrical structure in the present invention;

4 is a second schematic view of the dust collecting structure of the cylindrical structure in the present invention;

Among them: 1-Inner layer hot water exchange pipe, 2-Intermediate insulating layer, 3-Metal electrode, 4-Acupuncture protrusion, 5-Overflow groove, 6-First plate, 7-Cooling water channel, 8-Second Plate, 9-sump, 10-cooler, 11-filter.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase transition regulation and electrostatic coupling, which utilizes flue gas heat exchange to realize the regulation of phase transition, and then couples electrostatic methods to achieve enhanced migration of pollutants, It solves the problem of recovery and enhanced removal of water and multi-pollutants in wet flue gas.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-2: This embodiment provides a flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase change control and electrostatic coupling, including a discharge structure, a dust collection structure and a heat exchange structure. The discharge structure is set Inside the dust collection structure, the discharge structure includes at least one metal electrode 3, each metal electrode 3 is connected to a high-voltage power supply, each metal electrode 3 is provided with an inner-layer hot water exchange pipe 1, and each metal electrode 3 is provided with several Acupuncture protrusion 4, the dust collecting structure includes at least one first pole plate 6 and at least one second pole plate 8, the first pole plate 6 and the second pole plate 8 are arranged oppositely, and the first pole plate 6 and the second pole plate 8 A cooling water channel 7 is formed between 8, the inner layer hot water exchange pipe 1 and the cooling water channel 7 are connected with the water collecting tank 9, one end of the heat exchange structure is connected with the water collecting tank 9, and the other end of the heat exchange structure is connected with the inner layer hot water exchange pipe 1 Connected with the cooling water channel 7 , the water in the water collecting tank 9 is cooled by the heat exchange structure and then re-enters the inner layer hot water exchange pipe 1 and the cooling water channel 7 .

In this embodiment, the cooling water is passed into the inner water exchange pipe 1 and the cooling water channel 7 to realize the cooling of the flue gas, the metal electrode 3 is connected to the high-voltage power supply, and the acupuncture protrusions 4 serve as both the discharge surface and the heat exchange surface. , to realize the integration of heat exchange and discharge, the acupuncture protrusions 4 not only play the role of ionized gas, but also provide a larger heat exchange area for heat exchange, enhance the heat exchange effect, and perform corona discharge at the same time as heat exchange. The two-way coupling of the two is achieved. The ion wind generated by the high-voltage discharge ionized flue gas can wash the heat exchange surface and reduce the heat transfer resistance. The liquid film formed by the phase transformation on the surface of the acupuncture protrusion 4 will help. Due to gas ionization, the charged pollutants help lower the energy barrier required for condensation of water vapor molecules. Finally, compared with the prior art, in terms of function, this embodiment plays the role of simultaneously recycling water and removing pollutants, and in terms of strengthening effect, it has a coupling effect of one plus one greater than two, and the integrated design The device has a compact structure and solves the problem of insufficient space for transformation in the prior art for eliminating colored plumes.

In this embodiment, the dust collecting structure is a plate structure, and the dust collecting structure includes two first pole plates 6 and two second pole plates 8 arranged in parallel, and the two second pole plates 8 are located on the two first pole plates 6 Inside, the discharge structure is located between the two second pole plates 8 , and the metal electrodes 3 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the first pole plate 6 and the second pole plate 8 . The upper end of the first electrode plate 6 and the upper end of the second electrode plate 8 on each side form an overflow groove 5 .

In this embodiment, the discharge structure adopts a three-layer nested structure, and the discharge structure includes an inner layer of water exchange pipes 1, an intermediate insulating layer 2 and a metal electrode 3 that are nested in sequence from the inside to the outside. The height of the inner layer of heat exchange pipes 1 is higher than The height of the intermediate insulating layer 2 and the metal electrode 3 . The intermediate insulating layer 2 is filled with solid or porous insulating materials, and the two ends of the intermediate insulating layer 2 are respectively dense and moisture-proof to the connections between the two ends of the inner water exchange pipe 1 and the metal electrode 3 to prevent wet smoke from affecting the intermediate insulating layer. 2 insulation.

In this embodiment, a plurality of acupuncture protrusions 4 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the metal electrode 3 , 12 acupuncture protrusions 4 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the metal electrode 3 , and the length of the acupuncture protrusions 4 is equal to the length of the metal electrode 3 and the retraction. The distance between the second pole plates 8 in the dust structure is 1/3, and the distance between the acupuncture protrusions 4 on adjacent circumferences is 1-1.5 times the length of the acupuncture protrusions 4 .

In this embodiment, the heat exchange structure includes a filter 11 and a cooler 10. One end of the filter 11 is communicated with the water collecting tank 9, the other end of the filter 11 is communicated with one end of the cooler 10, and the other ends of the cooler 10 pass through the The pipeline is communicated with the inner layer hot water exchange pipe 1 and the cooling water channel 7 .

In this embodiment, the cooler 10 is of the prior art, and the cooler 10 automatically adjusts the temperature of the cooling water in the water collecting tank 9 according to the humidity and temperature of the flue gas at the inlet and outlet, so that the cooling water of a certain temperature flows back to the inner layer for replacement. In the hot water pipe 1 and the cooling water channel 7, preferably, the phase transition degree of the flue gas at the outlet of the device should be in the range of 5°C to 10°C.

In the actual application process of this embodiment, the wet flue gas is passed between the discharge structure and the dust collection structure, and the water vapor in the flue gas forms phase phase on the surface of the pollutants (fine particles, gypsum droplets, soluble salt, SO3, etc. ₎ Condensation effectively promotes the growth of particle size, helps to strengthen the charging and migration of pollutants, and significantly improves the removal efficiency of multi-pollutants; Condensation occurs on the surfaces of the protrusions 4, the first electrode plate 6 and the second electrode plate 8, and the condensed water can play the purpose of cleaning the device, so that the pollutants such as particles collected on the surface are collected, and the self-cleaning function can also effectively reduce the cleaning water consumption quantity. The water in the inner layer hot water exchange pipe 1 and the cooling water channel 7 rises in temperature after heat exchange, and enters the water collecting tank 9. After being cooled by the heat exchange structure, it re-enters the inner layer hot water exchange pipe 1 and the cooling water channel 7 again. Carry out heat exchange and realize the circulation of cooling water.

In this embodiment, the flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase change control and electrostatic coupling is a horizontal flue gas horizontal flow arrangement, which is applied after the wet desulfurization tower of a coal-fired flue gas pollutant removal system , the flue gas flow is 15000m ³ /h, the flue gas temperature is about 55°C, and the flue gas humidity is 100%. The flue gas contains fine particles, gypsum droplets, soluble salts, SO ₃ and other pollutants.

In this embodiment, the length of the horizontal effective electric field is 4m, the effective height is 1m, and the distance between the discharge structure and the dust collection structure is 150mm. The length of the acupuncture protrusions 4 on the discharge structure is 50 mm, and the distance between the acupuncture protrusions 4 on adjacent circumferences is 100 mm. The flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase change control and electrostatic coupling in this embodiment is installed in a wet desulfurization tower to ensure the water-electric isolation of the discharge structure. The hot water pipe 1 is connected with the external cooler 10 to maintain the temperature of the cooling water to 30-35°C. The cooling water flows naturally from the top to the bottom, and joins with the cooling water in the discharge structure and enters the external cooler 10 at the same time, and circulates cooling The water flow is 1000L/h. The flue gas reaches a saturated state after the pre-sequence wet desulfurization. When the high-humidity flue gas flows through the interior of this embodiment, the water vapor in the discharge structure, dust collection structure and pollutants (fine particles, gypsum droplets, soluble salt, SO ₃ etc.) phase transition condensation occurs on the surface, in which the condensation of water vapor on the surface of the pollutant effectively promotes the growth of particle size. The test of the particle size at the outlet of this example shows that the particle size increases by more than 50%, and the particle charge and drive speed are at the same time. are more than doubled. The condensed water of the water vapor in the discharge structure and the dust collection structure can reach 0.3t/h according to the actual measurement. The condensed water can serve the purpose of cleaning the device and prolong the cleaning cycle by more than five times. The flue gas water collection and pollutant removal device with phase change degree control and electrostatic coupling in this embodiment solves the problem of insufficient space for renovation faced by the existing unit in order to meet the requirements of eliminating colored smoke plumes, and at the same time, it can reduce the concentration of various pollutants. The measured results show that the removal efficiency of the main pollutants is greater than 90%, and the emission concentrations of particulate matter and SO ₃ are both less than 1 mg/m ³ . After calculation, compared with the conventional series arrangement of heat exchangers and wet electrostatics, the integrated device of this embodiment reduces the layout space by more than 90%, and reduces the overall energy consumption by more than 60%.

Embodiment 2

As shown in Figures 3-4: the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the dust collecting structure in this embodiment is a cylindrical structure, and the cross section of the dust collecting structure of the cylindrical structure is a circle or a polygon, and the The dust collecting structure of the cylindrical structure includes a first pole plate 6 and a second pole plate 8, the second pole plate 8 is nested inside the first pole plate 6, and the discharge structure is located at the center of the dust collecting structure of the cylindrical structure.

In this specification, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; There will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope of the idea of the invention. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a phase transition degree regulation and control and static coupling's flue gas receives water and pollutant remove device which characterized in that: comprises a discharge structure, a dust collection structure and a heat exchange structure, wherein the discharge structure is arranged in the dust collection structure, the discharge structure comprises at least one metal electrode, each metal electrode is connected with a high-voltage power supply, an inner-layer heat exchange water pipe is arranged in each metal electrode, a plurality of acupuncture bulges are arranged on each metal electrode, the dust collecting structure comprises at least one first polar plate and at least one second polar plate, the first polar plate and the second polar plate are oppositely arranged, and a cooling water channel is formed between the first polar plate and the second polar plate, the inner layer heat exchange water pipe and the cooling water channel are both communicated with a water collecting tank, one end of the heat exchange structure is communicated with the water collecting tank, the other end of the heat exchange structure is communicated with the inner layer heat exchange water pipe and the cooling water channel, and the water in the water collecting tank is cooled by the heat exchange structure and then enters the inner layer heat exchange water pipe and the cooling water channel again.

2. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharge structure adopts a three-layer nested structure, and comprises the inner-layer heat exchange water pipe, the middle insulating layer and the metal electrode which are sequentially nested from inside to outside.

3. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the middle insulating layer is filled with solid or porous insulating materials, and the two ends of the middle insulating layer are respectively subjected to dense moisture-proof treatment with the joints of the inner heat exchange water pipe and the two ends of the metal electrode.

4. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plurality of the needling protrusions are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the metal electrode, 12 needling protrusions are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the metal electrode, the length of each needling protrusion is 1/3 of the distance between the metal electrode and the dust collecting structure, and the distance between the needling protrusions of adjacent circumferences is 1-1.5 times of the length of each needling protrusion.

5. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the first polar plate and the upper end of the second polar plate form an overflow groove.

6. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange structure comprises a filter and a cooler, one end of the filter is communicated with the water collecting tank, the other end of the filter is communicated with one end of the cooler, and the other end of the cooler is communicated with the inner layer heat exchange water pipe and the cooling water channel through pipelines respectively.

7. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust collecting structure is of a plate type structure and comprises two first polar plates and two second polar plates which are arranged in parallel, the two second polar plates are located on the inner sides of the two first polar plates, the discharging structure is located between the two second polar plates, and the metal electrodes are uniformly distributed along the length directions of the two first polar plates and the two second polar plates.

8. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust collecting structure is of a cylindrical structure, the dust collecting structure comprises a first polar plate and a second polar plate, the second polar plate is nested in the inner side of the first polar plate, and the discharging structure is located in the cylindrical structure and is located at the center of the dust collecting structure.

9. The phase change degree regulating and controlling and electrostatic coupling flue gas water receiving and pollutant removing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the cross section of the dust collection structure of the cylindrical structure is circular or polygonal.

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