CN111296365A - A kind of artificial breeding method of tea garden larvae - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial breeding of animals, and discloses an artificial breeding method for the larvae in tea garden. Species expansion: use the tussah silkworm pupa as an alternative host, and insert the first generation of species of bees into the multiplication beehive according to the bee-pupa ratio of 10:1-200:1; the second generation of species of bees is cultivated: the parasitized tussah pupa is at a temperature of 24°C-26°C and humidity of 40%-60% for ventilation and cultivation; batch inoculation: batch inoculation of tussah pupae with the obtained second-generation seed bees; culture and development: at a temperature of 24°C-26°C and a humidity of 40°C %-60% culture; refrigeration: after culturing and developing the parasitized tussah pupae for 10 days, the cultivated tussah wasps are subjected to diapause treatment, and then refrigerated; warm bees: take out the refrigerated tussah pupae, and gradually extract them in a constant temperature incubator. Warm to 25°C for warm bee and bee release. The invention can improve the artificial breeding bee rate of the larvae, improve the artificial breeding efficiency of the larvae, and reduce the artificial breeding cost.

Description

A kind of artificial breeding method of tea garden larvae

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial breeding of animals, in particular to a method for artificial breeding of tea garden bees.

Background technique

my country is the largest tea-producing country in the world, and the development of tea industry is of great significance to the development of my country's rural areas and the increase of farmers' income. At present, the control of tea pests and diseases mainly relies on chemical pesticides. However, the excessive use of chemical pesticides has brought about problems such as ecological environment damage, agricultural non-point source pollution, and tea quality and safety, affecting the sustainable development of the tea industry.

With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the status and role of biological control in the integrated management of pests and diseases has become more and more important. It is non-toxic to humans and animals, does not kill natural enemies, and does not pollute tea and the environment.

Pest natural enemy control belongs to a kind of biological control. In the tea industry, it mainly breeds natural enemies of tea pests and diseases within a controllable range, and uses natural enemies to eliminate pests and diseases on tea, and plays the role of pest control. At present, in the field of agriculture, natural enemies such as Trichogramma, predatory mites, and natural enemy nematodes have been successfully applied in field crops and facility agriculture, and achieved good results. However, the research on artificial breeding of the parasitoid wasp, which is aimed at Lepidoptera pests in tea gardens, is still relatively rare; if the wasp is artificially bred, the same artificial breeding method as other parasitic wasps is also used, because each bee species has different habits in terms of habit. There is a certain difference. The artificial breeding of other bee species is used to breed the wasp. Although the artificial breeding of the wasp can also be carried out, the bee emergence rate of the artificial breeding pair is relatively low, which leads to the low efficiency of artificial breeding of the wasp. ,higher cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for artificial breeding of the tea garden wasp, which can improve the artificial breeding rate of the bee, improve the artificial breeding efficiency of the wasp, and reduce the cost of artificial breeding.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

An artificial breeding method for tea garden larvae, comprising the following steps:

A1. Collection of bee species: collect the pupae of Lepidoptera pests in tea gardens, carry out indoor rearing, and serve as the first generation of species of bees after the emergence of the larvae;

A2, bee species multiplication: utilize tussah silkworm chrysalis as an alternative host, after the tussah silkworm chrysalis is cleaned and disinfected and air-dried, placed in the multiplication beehive, according to the ratio of bee chrysalis to 10:1-200:1, by the first step obtained in step A1 A generation of breeding bees is inserted into the breeding hive;

A3. Cultivation of the second generation of seed bees: the tussah pupa parasitized in step A2 is placed in a constant temperature incubator, ventilated and cultivated at a temperature of 24°C-26°C and a humidity of 40%-60% to obtain the second generation of seed bees ;

A4, receiving bees in batches: adopt the box-type bee multiplication method, and carry out batch receiving bees to the tussah chrysalis with the second generation of bees obtained in step A3;

A5, culture and development: the tussah pupa parasitized in step A4 is placed in a constant temperature incubator, and the temperature is 24 ℃-26 ℃, under the condition of humidity 40%-60%, ventilation culture;

A6. Refrigeration: after culturing and developing the parasitic tussah pupae in step A5 for 10 days, the cultured and developed larvae are subjected to diapause treatment, and then placed in an environment of 3°C-5°C for preservation;

A7. Warming the bees: Take out the tussah pupa refrigerated in step A6, and gradually raise the temperature to 25°C in a constant temperature incubator to warm and release the bees.

Further, after the warm bee is carried out to the tussah pupa refrigerated by step A6, then the tussah pupa is carried out diapause to relieve, comprising the following steps,

B1. Preparation of diapause release solution: weigh 4.5-6.5 parts of sodium chloride and 7.5-8.5 parts of acetic acid in parts by mass, dissolve in 100 parts of deionized water, and fully dissolve to obtain diapause release solution;

B2. Heat the diapause release solution to 25°C, then place the tussah pupa in the diapause release solution, insert the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate into the diapause release solution, and stir;

B3. Direct current is applied to the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate to stimulate the larvae;

B4. Take out the tussah pupa in the diapause release solution, place it in a constant temperature incubator at 25°C, and warm and release the bees again.

In the step A7, the temperature is gradually raised in the incubator to warm the bees and release the bees. Generally, the bee out rate is about 80%. After the diapause treatment, the activation of some larvae was reduced, and only gradually raising the ambient temperature to 25 °C could not fully activate them, so as to achieve the purpose of completely releasing the diapause. The bee and the tussah pupae after the first release of the bee were placed in the diapause release solution. The diapause release solution was prepared by acetic acid and sodium chloride. , insert the cathodic electrode plate and the anodic electrode plate into the diapause release solution for the wasps that are still in diapause, and pass a weak current to the cathodic electrode plate and the anodic electrode plate, so that the electrons in the diapause release solution are generated. The flow further stimulates the wasps, so that the wasps can completely release the diapause and increase the rate of the bees.

Further, the voltage connected to the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate is 1.5-3V, the current is 10-20mA, and the time is 60-90 minutes. If the voltage is too low and the time is too short, it will not stimulate the wasps to completely relieve the effect of diapause. If the voltage is too high and the time is too long, the wasps will be stimulated too much, resulting in the dead eggs of the wasps. After testing, the voltage of 1.5-3V, the current of 10-20mA, the most suitable stimulation for 60-90 minutes, the bee rate is higher.

Further, in the step A2, 75% alcohol is used to clean and disinfect the tussah pupae. 75% alcohol is volatile after disinfection and will not cause harm to tussah pupae.

Further, in the step A2, the tussah pupa with a clear and transparent cranial roof, a compact and non-shrinking pupa body abdomen, and a tough and shiny pupa skin is selected as the substitute host. Such tussah pupae are rich in nutrients, which are more conducive to the parasitic growth of the wasp.

Further, the ratio of bee pupae in the step A2 is 100:1-200:1. According to the test, the pupa ratio is between 100:1 and 200:1, and the number of outgoing bees is more.

Further, in the step A2, after the first-generation seed bees are inserted into the breeding hive, 10% honey water cotton balls are placed. 10% of honey water cotton balls can supplement nutrition for adult rodent wasps.

Further, the method for receiving bees in batches in the step A4 is as follows: after the tussah pupae are cleaned and disinfected with 75% alcohol and air-dried, they are placed in the beehives for breeding, and the steps are compared according to the ratio of the bee pupae to 100:1-200:1. The second-generation seed bees obtained in A3 were inserted into the breeding hives.

Further, the artificial breeding method of the tea garden larvae also includes rejuvenation. Specifically, the same species of larvae are collected in the wild and propagated and rejuvenated indoors. Under indoor constant temperature conditions, after continuous breeding with the same host for many generations, the same batch of bees will appear uneven emergence, weakened flying ability, shortened lifespan, smaller individuals, and increased number of drones. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out breeding bees Rejuvenation.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention adopts the tussah silkworm pupa as a substitute host to carry out bee species expansion and batch bee picking, and the tussah silkworm pupa of the docking bee is used for diapause and refrigeration, and after refrigeration, the bee is warmed and the diapause is released. The diapause release solution was prepared with acetic acid and sodium chloride, the tussah pupa was placed in the diapause release solution, and the cathodic electrode plate and the anodic electrode plate were inserted into the diapause release solution, and then the cathodic electrode plate and the anodic electrode plate were passed through a weak The electric current in the diapause release solution causes the flow of electrons in the diapause release solution to stimulate the wasps. It also uses a weakly acidic solution to stimulate the wasps, so that the wasps can completely release the diapause and improve the rate of the bees. The artificial breeding efficiency of the wasp is better and the breeding cost is lower.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the artificial breeding operation flow of the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the bee output of different bee pupa ratios of the present invention, and the larvae;

Fig. 3 is the parasitic rate of the larvae under different temperatures of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the parasitism rate of larvae under different humidity of the present invention;

Figure 5 is the bee output of refrigerated rodent wasps under diapause and non-diapause conditions of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Embodiment 1,

An artificial breeding method for the tea garden larvae, the process is shown in Figure 1, and includes the following steps:

A1. Collection of bee species: collect the pupae of lepidopteran pests such as tea inchworm, grey tea inchworm, tea caterpillar, etc. in the tea garden, and carry out indoor rearing. first generation bees;

A2. Bee species expansion: use the tussah silkworm pupa with a clear and transparent cranial roof, compact and non-shrinking pupa body abdomen, and tough and shiny pupa skin as a substitute host. After cleaning, disinfecting and drying with 75% alcohol, it was placed in a beehive for breeding. According to the ratio of bee pupae to 200:1, the first-generation species of bees obtained in step A1 were inserted into the beehive for breeding, and placed in a 10% beehive. Honey water cotton balls to supplement nutrition for adult rodents;

A3, the cultivation of the second generation of seed bees: the tussah pupa parasitized in step A2 is placed in a constant temperature incubator, and the temperature is 24 ° C and a humidity of 60% under ventilation cultivation to obtain the second generation of seed bees;

A4, batch bee receiving: adopt the box-type bee multiplication method, carry out batch bee receiving to the tussah pupa with the second generation of bees obtained in step A3, specifically: after the tussah pupa is cleaned and sterilized with 75% alcohol and air-dried, placed In the multiplication beehive, the second generation species of bees obtained in step A3 are inserted in the multiplication beehive according to the ratio of bee pupae to 200:1;

A5, cultivation and development: the tussah pupa parasitized in step A4 is placed in a constant temperature incubator, and the temperature is 24 ° C, under the condition of humidity 60%, ventilation cultivation;

A6, refrigerating: after culturing and developing the parasitic tussah pupa in step A5 for 10 days, the cultivated and developed larvae are subjected to diapause treatment, and then placed in an environment of 4 ° C for preservation;

A7, warm bee: take out the tussah silkworm pupa refrigerated in step A6, and gradually raise the temperature to 25°C in a constant temperature incubator for 30 minutes to warm and release the bee.

A8, after warm bee is carried out to the tussah pupa refrigerated by step A6, then the tussah pupa is carried out diapause to relieve, comprising the following steps:

B1, diapause release solution preparation: by mass fraction, take by weighing the sodium chloride of 5kg and the acetic acid of 8kg, be dissolved in the deionized water of 100kg, fully dissolve, obtain diapause release solution;

B2. Heat the diapause release solution to 25°C, then place the tussah pupa in the diapause release solution, insert the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate into the diapause release solution, and stir;

B3. Direct current is applied to the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate to stimulate the bees, the voltage applied to the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate is 2.3V, the current is 15mA, and the time is 75 minutes;

B4. Take out the tussah pupa in the diapause release solution, place it in a constant temperature incubator at 25°C, and warm and release the bees again.

Embodiment 2-Embodiment 5,

Compared with Example 1, Example 2-Example 5 is only different in that the artificial reproduction of the larvae is carried out by using the bee-pupa ratio in Table 1.

Table 1:

Example Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 The ratio of bee pupa for expansion of bee species in A2 200/1 10/1 50/1 100/1 150/1 The ratio of batch receiving bee pupae in A4 200/1 10/1 50/1 100/1 150/1

The test results obtained in Final Example 1-Example 5 are shown in Figure 2. When the ratio of bee pupae is 200:1, the number of outgoing bees of the little bee is the largest, but in the range of 100:1-200:1, The difference in the number of bees is not very big.

Embodiment 6-Embodiment 10,

Example 6-Example 10 was compared with Example 1, the only difference was that the culture temperature in Table 2 was used for artificial propagation of the larvae.

Table 2:

The test results obtained in final Example 1, Example 6-Example 10 are shown in Figure 3. When the second-generation culture temperature and the culture temperature in the A5 step are in the range of 24-26°C, the parasitoid rate of the wasp is higher, Among them, the parasitization rate of the larvae was the highest at 24℃.

Example 11-Example 14,

Compared with Example 1, Example 11-Example 14 is only different in that the artificial breeding of the wasp was carried out using the culture humidity in Table 3.

table 3:

Example Example 1 Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Second generation culture humidity 60% 40% 50% 70% 80% A5 step culture humidity 60% 40% 50% 70% 80%

The test results obtained in final Example 1, Example 11-Example 14 are shown in Figure 4. When the second-generation culture temperature and the culture humidity in the A5 step are in the range of 40%-60%, the parasitism rate of the wasp is higher. , among which the parasitism rate of the wasp was the highest when the humidity was 60%.

Embodiment 15,

Compared with Example 1, the difference between Example 15 is only that Example 15 does not carry out diapause, but carries out diapause release, and artificially breeds larvae in 10-70 days.

The results are shown in Figure 5, which shows that refrigerating the wasps after diapause can significantly increase the refrigeration time. After diapause, after 70 days of diapause, it can still have a 90% diapause rate. Without diapause, after 60 days of storage, there will be no more bees.

Embodiment 16,

The only difference between Example 16 and Example 1 is that Example 16 does not carry out the diapause release of Example 1 without taking A8.

The final bee out rate is shown in Table 4:

Table 4:

bee rate 10 days 20 days 30 days 40 days 50 days 60 days 70 days Example 1 99.3% 97.2% 96.5% 96.1% 95.20% 93.10% 91.10% Example 16 81.20% 79.80% 75.20% 75.10% 74.60% 74.10% 73.60%

From the final bee emergence rate drawn in Table 4, it can be seen that after the tussah pupae of the refrigerated tussah silkworm pupa are warmed and released, the tussah silkworm pupa is carried out diapause and relieved, which can greatly improve the artificial breeding of the tussah silkworm pupae. Increase the bee rate, improve the artificial breeding efficiency and reduce the artificial breeding cost.

Example 17-Example 18,

Compared with Example 1, Example 17-Example 18 only differs in that Example 17-Example 18 adopts the parameters in Table 5 to release diapause.

table 5:

Example Example 1 Example 17 Example 18 Sodium chloride (kg) 5 4.5 6.5 Acetic acid(kg) 8 7.5 8.5 Power-on voltage (V) 2.3 1.5 3 Power-on current (mA) 15 10 20 Power-on time (min) 75 60 90

The final result of the test is shown in Table 6:

Table 6:

Example 10 days 20 days 30 days Example 1 99.3% 97.2% 96.5% Example 17 96.20% 95.10% 94.20% Example 18 95.10% 94.20% 93.10%

From the final bee out rate in Table 6, it can be seen that the bee out rate obtained by the sodium chloride, acetic acid, energization voltage and energization time used in the embodiment is the highest.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, all of them should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technology, shape, and structural part that are not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of artificial breeding method of tea garden larvae, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps, A1. Collection of bee species: collect the pupae of Lepidoptera pests in tea gardens, carry out indoor rearing, and serve as the first generation of species of bees after the emergence of the larvae; A2, bee species multiplication: utilize tussah silkworm chrysalis as an alternative host, after the tussah silkworm chrysalis is cleaned and disinfected and air-dried, placed in the multiplication beehive, according to the ratio of bee chrysalis to 10:1-200:1, by the first step obtained in step A1 A generation of breeding bees is inserted into the breeding hive; A3. Cultivation of the second generation of seed bees: the tussah pupa parasitized in step A2 is placed in a constant temperature incubator, ventilated and cultivated at a temperature of 24°C-26°C and a humidity of 40%-60% to obtain the second generation of seed bees ; A4, receiving bees in batches: adopt the box-type bee multiplication method, and carry out batch receiving bees to the tussah chrysalis with the second generation of bees obtained in step A3; A5, culture and development: the tussah pupa parasitized in step A4 is placed in a constant temperature incubator, and the temperature is 24 ℃-26 ℃, under the condition of humidity 40%-60%, ventilation culture; A6. Refrigeration: after culturing and developing the parasitic tussah pupae in step A5 for 10 days, the cultured and developed larvae are subjected to diapause treatment, and then placed in an environment of 3°C-5°C for preservation; A7. Warming the bees: Take out the tussah pupa refrigerated in step A6, and gradually raise the temperature to 25°C in a constant temperature incubator to warm and release the bees. 2. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after the tussah silkworm pupa refrigerated by step A6 is carried out to warm bee, then the tussah silkworm pupa is carried out diapause to relieve, comprising the following steps, B1, preparation of diapause release solution: by mass parts, weigh 4.5-6.5 parts of sodium chloride and 7.5-8.5 parts of acetic acid respectively, dissolve in 100 parts of deionized water, fully dissolve to obtain diapause release solution; B2. Heat the diapause release solution to 25°C, then place the tussah pupa in the diapause release solution, insert the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate into the diapause release solution, and stir; B3. Direct current is applied to the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate to stimulate the larvae; B4. Take out the tussah pupa in the diapause release solution, place it in a constant temperature incubator at 25°C, and warm and release the bees again. 3. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the voltage that described to anode electrode plate and cathode electrode plate is connected is 1.5-3V, electric current is 10-20mA, time 60 -90 minutes. 4. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step A2, use 75% alcohol to carry out cleaning and disinfection to tussah silkworm chrysalis. 5. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step A2, selects the skull top plate that is clean and transparent, the pupa body abdomen link is compact and does not shrink, the pupa skin is tough and shiny. Tussah silkworm chrysalis as an alternative host. 6. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the bee pupa ratio in described step A2 is 100:1-200:1. 7. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described step A2, after inserting the first generation of bees into the breeding hive, put into 10% honey water cotton balls. 8. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the batch receiving method in described step A4 is: after tussah pupa is cleaned and disinfected with 75% alcohol and dried, Place in the multiplication beehive, and insert the second-generation species of bees obtained in step A3 into the multiplication beehive according to the ratio of the bee pupae to 100:1-200:1. 9. the artificial breeding method of a kind of tea garden larvae according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the artificial breeding method of described tea garden rhizomes also comprises rejuvenation, specifically, collecting the same species of larvae in the wild, Propagation and rejuvenation indoors.

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