CN111188357A - Ecological gravity retaining wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological gravity retaining wall and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111188357A CN111188357A CN202010113168.9A CN202010113168A CN111188357A CN 111188357 A CN111188357 A CN 111188357A CN 202010113168 A CN202010113168 A CN 202010113168A CN 111188357 A CN111188357 A CN 111188357A
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/025—Containers and elements for greening walls
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides an ecological gravity retaining wall and a construction method thereof, and relates to a building construction technology. Ecological gravity retaining wall includes: the wall body is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated parts, each prefabricated part comprises a first prefabricated block with a rectangular longitudinal section, each prefabricated part comprises a first surface, greening grooves for containing plants are formed in the first surfaces of at least part of the prefabricated parts, and the first surfaces of all the prefabricated parts are connected into the outer surface of the wall body; the foundation is arranged below the wall body and fixedly connected with the wall body to bear the wall body, and the foundation is used for being fixed with the foundation. The ecological gravity retaining wall and the construction method thereof are characterized in that prefabricated parts produced in advance in a factory are spliced to form a wall body, the structural strength is high, the construction speed is high, and greening grooves can be formed in the prefabricated parts in the process of producing the prefabricated parts in advance, so that green plants can be planted on the wall body formed by splicing, and the greening effect of the retaining wall is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to a building construction technology, in particular to an ecological gravity retaining wall and a construction method thereof.
Background
The gravity retaining wall bears the action of soil pressure by means of the dead weight of a wall body, and is generally formed by pouring concrete on site.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides an ecological gravity retaining wall and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problem that a greening effect of a cast-in-place gravity retaining wall is difficult to achieve.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:
the embodiment of the application provides an ecological gravity retaining wall, include: the wall body is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated parts, each prefabricated part comprises a first prefabricated block with a rectangular longitudinal section, each prefabricated part comprises a first surface, greening grooves for containing plants are formed in at least part of the first surfaces of the prefabricated parts, and the first surfaces of all the prefabricated parts are connected to form the outer surface of the wall body; the foundation is arranged below the wall body and fixedly connected with the wall body to bear the wall body, and the foundation is used for being fixed with a foundation.
Further, the greening groove is formed by inwards recessing a part of the first surface along the direction which is obliquely close to the bottom surface of the wall body.
Furthermore, the greening groove is provided with a bearing wall close to the bottom surface of the wall body, and the included angle between the bearing wall and the first surface is 30-70 degrees.
Further, the opening of the greening groove on the first surface is at least one of rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular.
Further, the top surface of the first precast block is provided with a first limiting structure, and the bottom surface of the first precast block is provided with a second limiting structure which is matched with the first limiting structure to limit the relative displacement of the adjacent first precast blocks.
Further, the prefabricated member also comprises a second prefabricated block, the length of the second prefabricated block is 1/2 of the length of the first prefabricated block, the height of the second prefabricated block is the same as that of the first prefabricated block, the width of the second prefabricated block is the same as that of the first prefabricated block, and the second prefabricated block is used for filling two sides of the wall body.
Further, the top surface of the foundation is provided with a third limiting structure which is used for being matched with the second limiting structure on the wall body so as to limit the relative displacement of the foundation and the wall body.
Furthermore, the foundation is provided with a high tenon protruding out of the bottom surface of the foundation, the bottom surface of the foundation is used for being attached to the surface of the foundation, and the high tenon is used for being inserted into a pull groove formed in the surface of the foundation.
Further, the foundation includes a lower foundation and a plurality of upper foundations; the lower foundation is used for bearing the upper foundation, the top surface of the lower foundation is provided with a fourth limiting structure, and the bottom surface of the lower foundation is used for being attached to the surface of the foundation; the upper foundations are used for being spliced into a whole to bear the wall, and the bottom surfaces of the upper foundations are provided with fifth limiting structures which are used for being matched with the fourth limiting structures to limit the displacement of the upper foundations and the lower foundations.
A construction method of an ecological gravity retaining wall comprises the following steps: manufacturing a plurality of prefabricated parts, wherein at least part of the prefabricated parts are first prefabricated blocks with rectangular longitudinal sections, and at least part of the prefabricated parts are provided with greening grooves; excavating a foundation pit to form a foundation on the bottom surface of the foundation pit; building a foundation for bearing the wall body on the foundation; and building the prefabricated members on the foundation to form a wall, and enabling the opening of the greening groove to be located on the first surface of the wall.
The ecological gravity retaining wall and the construction method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application have the characteristics of high precision and stable construction quality of prefabricated parts produced in factories, the prefabricated parts produced in advance in factories are spliced to form a wall body, the ecological gravity retaining wall has the characteristics of high structural strength and high construction speed, and greening grooves can be formed in advance on the prefabricated parts in the process of producing the prefabricated parts, so that green plants can be planted on the wall body formed by splicing, and the greening effect of the retaining wall is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of an ecological gravity retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wall in an ecological gravity retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of a first precast block in an ecological gravity retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ecological gravity retaining wall from a second view angle provided in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a greening groove in an ecological gravity retaining wall provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second perspective of the first precast block in the ecological gravity retaining wall provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of a second precast block in an ecological gravity retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second perspective view of a second precast block in an ecological gravity retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of a foundation in an ecological gravity retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second perspective of a foundation in an ecological gravity retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view from a first perspective of another ecological gravity retaining wall provided in the embodiments of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view from a second perspective of another ecological gravity retaining wall provided in the examples of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a first view of a lower foundation in another ecological gravity retaining wall provided in the example of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a second perspective of a lower foundation in another ecological gravity retaining wall provided in the examples of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a first perspective of an upper foundation in an ecological gravity retaining wall according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a second perspective of an upper foundation in an ecological gravity retaining wall according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is a flowchart of a construction method of an ecological gravity retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: 100-ecological gravity retaining wall; 110-a wall body; 111-a greening tank; 1111-load bearing wall; 120-a first preform block; 121-a first limiting structure; 122-a second limit structure; 130-a second preform block; 140-a base; 141-a third limit structure; 142-high tenon; 150-foundation; 160-base; 161-a fifth limiting structure; 170-lower foundation; 171-a fourth limit structure.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first \ second \ third" referred to in the embodiments of the present application are only used for distinguishing similar objects, and do not represent a specific ordering for the objects, and it should be understood that "first \ second \ third" may exchange a specific order or sequence order if allowed. It should be understood that "first \ second \ third" distinct objects may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.
In the embodiments of the present application, the top and bottom surfaces are referred to as positions after the ecological gravity retaining wall is formed. The top and bottom surfaces are only used to illustrate the relative positional relationship between the respective components, and if necessary, the top and bottom surfaces may not be completely located right above or right below the vertical direction, or may be two opposite directions such as obliquely above or obliquely below.
The embodiment of the application provides an ecological gravity retaining wall, gravity retaining wall generally includes wall and basis, and the wall setting is in the top on basis and with basis fixed connection, and the basis is fixed with ground, and the wall laminating is in order to undertake the effect of blockking soil body or rock slump on the side slope in the side slope, also is called gravity retaining wall consequently.
As shown in fig. 1, the ecological gravity retaining wall 100 includes a foundation 140 and a wall 110 supported on the foundation 140.
As shown in fig. 2, the wall 110 is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated members, each of the prefabricated members includes a first prefabricated block 120 having a rectangular longitudinal section, and it should be noted that the longitudinal section of the first prefabricated block 120 is a section parallel to the vertical direction in an operating state, and the first prefabricated block 120 may also have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole. Each prefabricated member comprises a first surface, a greening groove 111 for accommodating plants is formed in the first surface of at least part of the prefabricated members, and the first surfaces of all the prefabricated members are connected to form the outer surface of the wall body 110. After the retaining wall is built, the first surface is the surface of the ecological gravity retaining wall 100 away from the side slope, and greening grooves 111 are formed in the first surface for planting green plants, so that the function of stabilizing the side slope of the ecological gravity retaining wall 100 is not affected, and the greening function can be realized. The prefabricated member is produced in a factory, so that the processing precision is high, and the structural strength of the wall body 110 formed by splicing the prefabricated member is high; and the finished prefabricated member is produced in a factory, and the difficulty of arranging the greening grooves 111 on the prefabricated member is lower. Thereby effectively solved among the prior art cast-in-place retaining wall and be difficult to realize the problem of afforestation function.
As shown in fig. 3, since a part of soil for growing green plants needs to be carried in the greening groove 111, in order to prevent the soil from being washed away from the greening groove 111 by rainwater, the greening groove 111 is formed by partially recessing the first surface in a direction inclined to the bottom surface of the wall 110, and it should be noted that: the bottom surface of the wall body is a lower end surface in the vertical direction in a working state, and the bottom surface of the wall body is close to the lower end of the wall body at an inclined angle along the direction of inclining to be close to the bottom surface of the wall body. Because the surface of the precast member made of concrete is rough, the soil in the greening groove 111 is difficult to be washed away and lost under the action of rainwater.
As shown in FIG. 4, since the ecological gravity retaining wall 100 needs to be constructed by being attached to a slope according to different situations, the wall 110 of the ecological gravity retaining wall 100 needs to be inclined at a certain angle, and the greening groove 111 after being inclined still needs to have the functions of containing soil and preventing the soil from being washed away and lost under the action of rainwater, the greening groove 111 has a bearing wall 1111 (see FIG. 5) close to the bottom surface of the wall 110, and the included angle between the bearing wall 1111 and the first surface (see angle α in FIG. 5) is 30-90 degrees.
As shown in fig. 5, specifically, when the wall body 110 is inclined at an angle of 10 degrees, the included angle between the bearing wall 1111 and the first surface may be set to 60 degrees. In order to cope with the demand of soil amount of different plants while securing the structural strength of the prefabricated member, the depth of the greening groove 111 may be set to 0.1 to 0.5 times the thickness of the prefabricated member, and specifically, in case of the prefabricated member having a thickness of 1m, the depth of the greening groove 111 may be 0.3 m. In order to cope with the demand of different plant growing spaces while securing the structural strength of the prefabricated member, the height of the greening groove 111 may be set to 0.1 to 0.5 times the height of the prefabricated member, and particularly, in the case of a prefabricated member height of 1m, the height of the greening groove 111 may be 0.3 m.
As shown in fig. 2, the opening of the greening groove 111 on the first surface may be rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular in order to adapt to different greenery plants. When the green plants in the greening groove 111 need to climb on the first surface of the wall body 110, the opening of the greening groove 111 on the first surface can be set to be triangular, so that the green plants can climb on the opening; when the green plants in the greening groove 111 do not need to climb on the first surface of the wall body 110 but need to extend out of the first surface, the opening of the greening groove 111 on the first surface can be set to be rectangular; when the green plants in the greening groove 111 need to climb on the first surface of the wall 110, and part of the green plants need not to climb on the first surface of the wall 110 and need to extend out of the first surface, the opening of the greening groove 111 on the first surface can be set to be trapezoidal. Specifically, the shape of the opening of the greening groove 111 on the first surface can be flexibly set by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to achieve the desired structural strength of the wall 110 formed by splicing, a first limiting structure 121 is disposed on the top surface of the first prefabricated section 120, and a second limiting structure 122 (see fig. 6) is disposed on the bottom surface of the first prefabricated section 120 and is used for cooperating with the first limiting structure 121 on the adjacent first prefabricated section 120 to limit the relative displacement of the two adjacent first prefabricated sections 120. The stability of the whole structure of the wall 110 is ensured by the cooperation of the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to further improve the structural strength of the wall 110, the first prefabricated sections 120 of the upper layer and the lower layer are staggered. Specifically, each first prefabricated section 120 has two first limit structures 121 (see fig. 3) on the top surface, two first limit structures 121 are spaced apart along the length direction of the first prefabricated section 120, each first prefabricated section 120 has two second limit structures 122 (see fig. 6) on the bottom surface, two second prefabricated sections 130 are spaced apart along the length direction of the first prefabricated section 120, when splicing, first the first prefabricated sections 120 of the lower layer are connected end to end in sequence, then the first prefabricated section 120 of the upper layer spans over two adjacent first prefabricated sections 120 of the lower layer, specifically, the second limit structure 122 on the left side on the first prefabricated section 120 of the upper layer is matched with the first limit structure 121 on the right side of the first prefabricated section 120 of the lower layer, the second limit structure 122 on the right side on the first prefabricated section 120 of the upper layer is matched with the first limit structure 121 on the left side of another first prefabricated section 120 of the lower layer, thereby forming the first prefabricated section 120 of the upper layer and the first prefabricated section 120 of the lower layer in a staggered connection, and effectively improving the structural strength of the wall body 110.
As shown in fig. 3, specifically, in order to facilitate the engagement between the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122, the first limiting structure 121 may be configured as a mortise, and correspondingly, the second limiting structure 122 may be configured as a tenon (see fig. 6), and the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122 may be firmly connected by the engagement between the mortise and tenon structures; in order to effectively improve the matching firmness of the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122, the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122 are in interference fit or transition fit.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to facilitate the insertion of the second position-limiting structure 122 into the first position-limiting structure 121, the first position-limiting structure 121 is configured to be open, and correspondingly, the second position-limiting structure 122 gradually shrinks along the direction away from the bottom surface of the preform. Specifically, the first limiting structure 121 may be configured as a step, and the lower bottom surface of the step is an opening of the first limiting structure 121; correspondingly, the second limiting structure 122 may also be configured as a step, and the upper bottom surface of the step is the end surface of the second limiting structure 122. In order to ensure that adjacent prefabricated parts are not easy to slide relative to each other in a state that the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122 are matched, the gradient of the side wall of the first limiting structure 121 is set to be 1: 1-2, specifically, 1: 2; correspondingly, the slope of the sidewall of the second limiting structure 122 can also be set to 1: 2. Because assembly tolerance's existence, in order to prevent that the terminal surface of mortise key has the clearance between the top surface and the bottom surface of two adjacent prefabs under the state of laminating with the bottom surface of fourth of twelve earthly branches groove, in production, the height of mortise key can be less than the degree of depth 0.5 ~ 3cm of fourth of twelve earthly branches groove, particularly, the height of mortise key can be less than the degree of depth 1cm of fourth of twelve earthly branches groove. In order to ensure that the wall 110 has a strong shear strength when the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122 are in a matched state, the tenon has a high height and a large cross-sectional area, and the side wall of the mortise has to be supported with sufficient strength, so that the height of the tenon can be 0.03 to 0.08m, and particularly, the height of the tenon can be 0.05 m. The width of the tongue may be 0.2 to 0.4 times the width of the first preform block 120, and more specifically, the width of the tongue may be 0.3 times the width of the first preform block 120. The length of the key may be 0.25 to 0.4 times the length of the first preform block 120, and specifically the length of the key may be 0.33 times the length of the first preform block 120.
Note that, in the present application, the width of the first prefabricated section 120 is the thickness of the wall 110.
As shown in fig. 2, since the first prefabricated sections 120 of the upper and lower layers are connected in a staggered manner, the left and right sides of the wall body 110 are formed in a zigzag manner, and in order to form planes on both sides of the wall body 110, it is necessary to fill both sides of the wall body 110 with the second prefabricated sections 130. In order to fill second preform block 130 on just two sides of wall 110, second preform block 130 has a length 1/2 the length of first preform block 120, the height of second preform block 130 is the same as the height of first preform block 120, and the width of second preform block 130 is the same as the width of first preform block 120. The top surface of second prefabricated section 130 has first limiting structure 121 (see fig. 7), the bottom surface of second prefabricated section 130 has second limiting structure 122 (see fig. 8), in the state that second prefabricated section 130 is filled in both sides of wall body 110, first limiting structure 121 on second prefabricated section 130 is matched with second limiting structure 122 on first prefabricated section 120 located above second prefabricated section 130, and second limiting structure 122 on second prefabricated section 130 is matched with first limiting structure 121 on first prefabricated section 120 located below second prefabricated section 130.
Because first prefabricated section 120 and second prefabricated section 130 homogeneity volume are great, in order to make things convenient for to build in order to form wall body 110, can adopt the mode of hoist and mount to build, in order to make things convenient for hoist and mount, can set up the preformed hole on first prefabricated section 120 and second prefabricated section 130 and be used for installing structures such as couple, perhaps set up hoist and mount groove etc. on first prefabricated section 120 and second prefabricated section 130.
Referring to fig. 9, in order to firmly connect the foundation 140 and the wall 110, the top surface of the foundation 140 has a third limiting structure 141 for cooperating with the second limiting structure 122 on the wall 110 to limit the relative displacement between the foundation 140 and the wall 110. The third limit structure 141 is used to firmly connect the wall 110 and the foundation 140 so that the foundation 140 can stably support the wall 110.
As shown in fig. 9, the third limiting structure 141 is configured as a mortise slot; and in order to make the third stopper structure 141 and the second stopper structure 122 firmly fit and easily produced, the specification of the third stopper structure 141 and the specification of the first stopper structure 121 are the same.
As shown in fig. 10, the foundation 140 has a high tenon 142 protruding from the bottom surface of the foundation 140, the bottom surface of the foundation 140 is used for being attached to the surface of the foundation 150 to limit the settlement of the foundation 140, and the high tenon 142 is used for being inserted into a pull groove formed on the surface of the foundation 150 to limit the relative displacement between the foundation 140 and the foundation 150. In order to ensure the fixing effect of the foundation 150 on the high tenon 142, the high tenon 142 and the pull groove on the foundation 150 can be in interference fit or transition fit.
As shown in fig. 1, the foundation 140 is formed by connecting a plurality of foundation 140 pieces end to end, each top surface of the foundation 140 pieces has two third limit structures 141 distributed along the length direction of the foundation 140 pieces, in order to connect the foundation 140 and the wall 110 tightly, the third limit structure 141 on the left side of the foundation 140 piece is matched with the second limit structure 122 on the right side of the first precast block 120 above the foundation 140 piece, and the third limit structure 141 on the right side of the foundation 140 piece is matched with the second limit structure 122 on the left side of the other first precast block 120 above the foundation 140 piece, so that the foundation 140 pieces and the first precast block 120 are connected in a staggered manner to strengthen the connection strength between the wall 110 and the foundation 140.
The prefabricated member is produced in advance by a factory, the wall body 110 is spliced and formed by the prefabricated member, the foundation 140 is spliced and formed by the foundation 140, in the construction process, only the foundation 150 with the pull groove is dug at a preset position, then the foundation 140 is spliced and formed by the foundation 140, the high tenon 142 on the foundation 140 is inserted into the pull groove, the foundation 140 is firmly fixed on the foundation 150, then the prefabricated member is spliced and formed on the foundation 140 to form the wall body 110, and the structural strength of the prefabricated member and the foundation 140 reaches the expected strength, so that the wall body 110 and the foundation 140 have high structural strength after the splicing is finished, and the construction period can be greatly shortened.
As shown in fig. 10, in order to secure a stable connection between the foundation 140 and the foundation 150, and prevent the foundation 140 from rotating more than the foundation 150 after being subjected to a lateral load, it is necessary to secure the specification of the high tenon 142. Specifically, the height of the high tenon 142 may be greater than or equal to 0.3 times the height of the foundation 140, the width of the high tenon 142 may be 1/3-1/2 times the width of the foundation 140, the length of the high tenon 142 may be greater than or equal to the length of the wall 110, and a person skilled in the art determines the specification of the high tenon 142 according to the actual field situation, where the foundation 150 is a rock, the height of the high tenon 142 may be 0.3 times the height of the foundation 140, the width of the high tenon 142 may be 1/2 times the width of the foundation 140, and where the foundation 150 is a hard soil body, the height of the high tenon 142 may be 0.5 times the height of the foundation 140, and the width of the high tenon 142 may be 1/3 times the width of the foundation 140. And since the wall 110 is inclined to fit the slope in many cases, the wall 110 is inclined to an obliquely downward direction away from the slope under the action of gravity and lateral load of the slope, and in order to prevent the foundation 140 from sinking downward, the bottom surface of the foundation 140 needs to have a large area to fit the surface of the foundation 150. The surface of the foundation 150 may be the bottom surface of a foundation pit dug downward from the ground level, and the bottom surface of the foundation 140 and the surface of the foundation 150 are attached to each other, i.e., it is explained that there is no macroscopic gap between the two, thereby ensuring the stability of the foundation 140 and the foundation 150. In order to effectively limit the subsidence of the foundation 150, one skilled in the art can determine the width of the foundation 140 according to the actual situation of the site, in case that the foundation 150 is a rock, the width of the foundation 140 may be the width of the wall 110, and in case that the foundation 150 is a hard soil, the width of the foundation 150 may be 1.5 times the width of the wall 110.
As shown in fig. 10, in order to facilitate the insertion of the high tenon 142 into the slot, the bottom surface of the high tenon 142 is a trapezoid, the upper bottom of the trapezoid is located on the end surface of the high tenon 142, and in order to ensure that the high tenon 142 is difficult to slide in the slot, the slope ratio of the first side wall and the second side wall of the trapezoid is 1: 0.2 ~ 0.5, specifically, the slope ratio of first lateral wall and second lateral wall can be 1: 0.3.
as shown in fig. 4, in the process of constructing the gravity retaining wall of the foundation 140 with the high tenons 142, a foundation pit needs to be excavated to form a foundation 150 on the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the ground is firstly cleaned and leveled, then the soil of the foundation 150 is excavated to the position of the bottom surface of the preset foundation 140, in order to meet the construction requirement and the backfill requirement, the distance of 0.2-1 m is properly expanded on both sides of the position of the bottom of the preset foundation 140, specifically, the distance of 0.5m can be expanded, then the surface of the foundation 150 is excavated with pull grooves, and the specification of the pull grooves needs to meet the interference fit or transition fit with the high tenons 142. In order to prevent the side wall of the foundation pit from collapsing, the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be sloped, and a person skilled in the art can set the slope ratio to be 1: and (3) temporarily releasing the slope, wherein the slope ratio can be 1: 0.7. After the foundation 140 is built or the wall 110 is built, the foundation pit needs to be backfilled, and concrete blocks or broken stones or high-strength soil and the like can be used for backfilling the foundation pit to ensure the stable structure of the backfilled foundation 150.
Of course, in other embodiments, foundation 140 may include a lower foundation 170 and a plurality of upper foundations 160 (see FIG. 11); the lower foundation 170 is used for bearing the upper foundation 160, the top surface of the lower foundation 170 is provided with a fourth limiting structure 171 (refer to fig. 13), and the bottom surface of the lower foundation 170 is used for being attached to the surface of the foundation 150 to limit the settlement of the lower foundation 170; the upper foundations 160 are spliced together to form the load-bearing wall 110, and the bottom surfaces of the upper foundations 160 each have a fifth limiting structure 161 (see fig. 16) for cooperating with a fourth limiting structure 171 to limit the displacement of the upper foundations 160 and the lower foundations 170.
As shown in fig. 11, the upper foundation 160 is formed by splicing a plurality of upper foundation 160 pieces, so as to support the wall 110, and the top surface of the spliced upper foundation 160 has a second limiting structure 122 for cooperating with the first limiting structure 121 to limit the relative displacement between the wall 110 and the upper foundation 160. The wall 110 is built on the upper foundation 160, the wall 110 is stably built on the upper foundation 160 by the cooperation of the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122, and the bottom surface of the upper foundation 160 is provided with a third limiting structure 141 (see fig. 15).
As shown in fig. 1, the lower foundation 170 is used for bearing the upper foundation 160, and the lower foundation 170 is hoisted or cast in place and forms the foundation 140 with the upper foundation 160; that is, the base 140 includes two portions, and the top surface of the lower base 170 of the two portions has a fourth stopper 171 (see fig. 5) for cooperating with the fifth stopper 161 to restrict the relative displacement of the upper base 160 and the lower base 170. The upper foundation 160 is built on the lower foundation 170, and the upper foundation 160 is stably built on the lower foundation 170 by the cooperation of the fourth limiting structure 171 and the fifth limiting structure 161; the bottom surface of the lower foundation 170 (see fig. 6) is adapted to be fitted to the surface of the foundation 150 to limit the subsidence of the lower foundation 170. The surface of the foundation 150 may be the bottom surface of a foundation pit dug downward from the ground level, and the bottom surface of the lower foundation 170 is attached to the surface of the foundation 150, which means that there is no macroscopic gap between the two, thereby ensuring the stability of the lower foundation 170 and the foundation 150. Specifically, the bottom surface of the lower foundation 170 and the surface of the foundation 150 may be flat (see fig. 14) to facilitate the attachment of the two. In order to better prevent the lower foundation 170 from sinking, the width of the bottom surface of the lower foundation 170 is not less than the width of the wall 110. The width in this application refers to a distance extending in a horizontal direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction, and the length is a direction extending the longest distance in a horizontal cross section.
According to the wall body 110 formed by splicing the prefabricated members, the upper foundations 160 are formed by splicing the plurality of upper foundations 160, in the construction process, only the lower foundations 170 need to be hoisted or cast in place, the requirements on the construction site are greatly reduced, and the prefabricated members have high structural strength after splicing and can greatly shorten the construction period as the structural strength reaches the expected strength.
As shown in fig. 12, in the construction process, a foundation pit needs to be excavated to form a foundation 150 on the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the ground is firstly cleaned and leveled, then the soil of the foundation 150 is excavated to the position of the bottom of the preset lower foundation 170, and in order to meet the construction requirement and the backfill requirement, the distance between 0.2 m and 1m is properly extended from two sides of the position of the bottom of the preset lower foundation 170, specifically, the distance between 0.5m can be extended. In order to prevent the side wall of the foundation pit from collapsing, the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be sloped, and a person skilled in the art can set the slope ratio to be 1: and (3) temporarily releasing the slope, wherein the slope ratio can be 1: 0.7. After the lower foundation 170 is manufactured, or after the upper foundation 160 is built, or after the wall 110 is built, the foundation pit needs to be backfilled, and concrete blocks or broken stones or high-strength soil and the like can be adopted to backfill the foundation pit to ensure the stable structure of the foundation 150 after backfilling.
In order to ensure that the sinking speed of the wall 110 is not higher than a preset value during the use process, a lower foundation 170 needs to be laid on the foundation 150. In order to ensure the bearing capacity of the lower foundation 170, the height of the lower foundation 170 may be set to 0.5-1.0 m. In order to improve the bearing capacity of the upper foundation 160 and the wall 110, the lower foundation 170 may be integrally formed, and the lower foundation 170 extends in a strip shape along the length direction of the wall 110. The fourth limiting structure 171 is located on the top surface of the lower foundation 170, in order to improve the matching range of the fourth limiting structure 171 and the third limiting structure 141 and to reduce the construction difficulty, the fourth limiting structure 171 continuously extends along the length direction of the lower foundation 170, and the length of the fourth limiting structure 171 is the same as that of the upper foundation 160. Of course, the fourth limiting structure 171 may also be distributed in multiple segments at intervals, and it is only necessary to ensure the construction precision to ensure that it can cooperate with the fifth limiting structure 161 to limit the relative displacement between the upper foundation 160 and the lower foundation 170. In order to improve the production accuracy of the lower foundation 170 and shorten the construction period of the construction work, the lower foundation 170 may be produced in a factory prefabricated manner, and after the structural strength of the lower foundation 170 reaches a desired strength, it is hoisted to the foundation 150 on the site so that the bottom surface of the lower foundation 170 is attached to the surface of the foundation 150. Of course, since the lower foundation 170 is too large in structure and difficult to carry, the lower foundation 170 can be made in a cast-in-place manner on a construction site in the construction process, a mold is only required to be built on the foundation 150, concrete is poured into the mold, and the mold can be removed after the strength of the concrete in the mold reaches a desired strength, so that the lower foundation 170 is formed. Of course, in order to improve the structural strength of the lower foundation 170, the steel keel may be laid in the receiving space formed by the mold after the mold is constructed, and then the concrete may be poured, so that the formed reinforced concrete structure has higher strength, and can more stably bear the upper foundation 160 and the wall 110.
As shown in fig. 13, in order to prevent the upper base 1160 from sliding in the width direction of the lower base 170, the fourth position-limiting structure 171 is configured in a bar shape, and the length of the fourth position-limiting structure 171 is the same as that of the lower base 170, so that the length of the fourth position-limiting structure 171 is long enough to effectively prevent the upper base 160 from sliding in the width direction of the lower base 170.
As shown in fig. 17, the construction method of the ecological gravity retaining wall 100 includes the steps of:
and S1, manufacturing a plurality of prefabricated parts, wherein at least part of the prefabricated parts are first prefabricated blocks 120 with rectangular longitudinal sections, and the at least part of the prefabricated parts are provided with greening grooves 111.
The prefabricated members can be fabricated in a factory, and because the fabricated prefabricated members can be fabricated in the factory with high precision, the fabricated prefabricated members can be closely spliced together, and the wall 110 formed by splicing has high structural strength.
It should be noted that the time required for the fabrication of the prefabricated member should be such that the prefabricated member is cured and the strength reaches the desired strength, and the prefabricated member after the completion of the construction can be directly transported to the construction site for splicing to form the wall 110 quickly.
And S2, excavating a foundation pit to form a foundation 150 on the bottom surface of the foundation pit.
A foundation 150 having a pull groove may be constructed at a position of rocks and hard soil so that the foundation 140 having the high tenon 142 may be inserted into the pull groove to fix the position of the foundation 140; a flat foundation 150 may be constructed at the location of the soft soil so that a foundation 140 having a flat bottom surface may be laid thereon to limit the settlement of the foundation 140.
S3, building a foundation 140 for the load-bearing wall 110 on the foundation 150.
S4, building a plurality of prefabricated members on the foundation 140 to form the wall 110, and positioning the opening of the greening groove 111 on the first surface of the wall 110.
The prefab is built by adopting a hoisting mode, and in the hoisting process, the adhesive can be smeared between the adjacent prefabs so as to enable the structure of the wall 110 to be more stable. In particular, the adhesive may be an epoxy resin.
To sum up, the ecological gravity retaining wall 100 and the construction method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application have the characteristics of high precision and stable construction quality of prefabricated parts produced in factories, the prefabricated parts produced in advance in factories are spliced to form the wall body 110, the ecological gravity retaining wall has the characteristics of high structural strength and high construction speed, and in the process of producing the prefabricated parts, the greening grooves 111 can be formed in advance on the prefabricated parts, so that green plants can be planted on the wall body 110 formed by splicing, and the greening effect of the retaining wall is realized.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. Ecological gravity retaining wall, its characterized in that includes:
the wall body is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated parts, each prefabricated part comprises a first prefabricated block with a rectangular longitudinal section, each prefabricated part comprises a first surface, greening grooves for containing plants are formed in at least part of the first surfaces of the prefabricated parts, and the first surfaces of all the prefabricated parts are connected to form the outer surface of the wall body;
the foundation is arranged below the wall body and fixedly connected with the wall body to bear the wall body, and the foundation is used for being fixed with a foundation.
2. An ecological gravity retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the greening grooves are formed by partially recessing the first surface in a direction inclined to approach the bottom surface of the wall body.
3. An ecological gravity retaining wall according to claim 2, wherein the greening groove has a bearing wall near the bottom surface of the wall body, and the bearing wall and the first surface form an included angle of 30 to 70 degrees.
4. An ecological gravity retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the greening groove at the first surface is at least one of rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular.
5. An ecological gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first precast block top surface has a first stop structure and the first precast block bottom surface has a second stop structure for cooperating with the first stop structure to limit relative displacement of adjacent first precast blocks.
6. An ecological gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 5, wherein said prefabricated members further comprise a second prefabricated block, the length of said second prefabricated block is 1/2 times the length of said first prefabricated block, the height of said second prefabricated block is the same as the height of said first prefabricated block, the width of said second prefabricated block is the same as the width of said first prefabricated block, said second prefabricated block is used for filling both sides of said wall body.
7. An ecological gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 5 wherein said top surface of said foundation has said third retaining formation for cooperating with said second retaining formation on said wall to limit relative displacement of said foundation and said wall.
8. An ecological gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 7, wherein the foundation has a high tenon protruding from the bottom surface of the foundation, the bottom surface of the foundation is adapted to be attached to the surface of the foundation, and the high tenon is adapted to be inserted into a pull groove formed in the surface of the foundation.
9. An ecological gravity retaining wall according to claim 7, wherein the foundation comprises a lower foundation and a plurality of upper foundations; the lower foundation is used for bearing the upper foundation, the top surface of the lower foundation is provided with a fourth limiting structure, and the bottom surface of the lower foundation is used for being attached to the surface of the foundation; the upper foundations are used for being spliced into a whole to bear the wall, and the bottom surfaces of the upper foundations are provided with fifth limiting structures which are used for being matched with the fourth limiting structures to limit the displacement of the upper foundations and the lower foundations.
10. The construction method of the ecological gravity retaining wall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
manufacturing a plurality of prefabricated parts, wherein at least part of the prefabricated parts are first prefabricated blocks with rectangular longitudinal sections, and at least part of the prefabricated parts are provided with greening grooves;
excavating a foundation pit to form a foundation on the bottom surface of the foundation pit;
building a foundation for bearing the wall body on the foundation;
and building the prefabricated members on the foundation to form a wall, and enabling the opening of the greening groove to be located on the first surface of the wall.
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| CN202010113168.9A CN111188357A (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Ecological gravity retaining wall and construction method thereof |
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| CN202010113168.9A CN111188357A (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Ecological gravity retaining wall and construction method thereof |
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| CN111926767A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-13 | 上海崇明水利工程有限公司 | Ecological bank protection structure |
| CN113107003A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Gravity type retaining wall and construction method |
| CN113152512A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Gravity type retaining wall and construction method |
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