CN111082817B - Phase compensation method and system for improving linearity - Google Patents
Phase compensation method and system for improving linearity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase compensation method and a system for improving linearity, which comprises a communication transmitter system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing initial phase segment trim on each element of the communication transmitter system; carrying out high-power phase fine adjustment on the initial phase section balancing result until the output phase difference of each feed source loudspeaker is within the maximum phase difference range tolerated by a communication transmitter system; and carrying out fine adjustment verification on the high-power phase fine adjustment result. The invention adopts the sectional phase matching, the phase matching speed is high, and the consistency is high; the invention can greatly improve the precision of the linearity of the power amplifier by combining the power amplifier predistortion correction technology and the phase shifting technology, so that the 24-path power amplifier and the waveguide are accurately matched, and the system installation and debugging operation are simpler and more convenient; the system equipment or the components related by the invention can be independently replaced after the fault, and only the phase matching debugging is needed to be independently carried out on the replaced equipment or the components after the replacement, so that the fault isolation is simple, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power amplifier phase compensation, in particular to a phase compensation method and system for improving linearity.
Background
Microwave power amplifiers are commonly used to amplify the power of a transmission signal to a power level required for transmission, ensuring a range of signal coverage, and are one of the most nonlinear devices in a communication system, generally at the final stage of a transmitter of the communication system, which seriously affects the quality of the communication signal. When a linear modulation signal with a non-constant envelope passes through a nonlinear power amplifier, intermodulation distortion is generated, spectrum spreading is caused, and the linear modulation signal cannot be filtered by a filter. Distortion that falls in-band of the channel will increase the signal error rate, while out-of-band regenerated spectrum will cause interference to adjacent channel users. In a broadband communication system, the latter has a more serious influence on the system performance, and for this reason, satellite communication specifies the requirement of spectral radiation shielding, which is difficult to achieve by a general power amplifier, so the design of a radio frequency linear power amplifier has become a key technology of a communication transmitter system.
The power amplification technology (power amplifier is simply called 'power amplifier') of the Ku waveband 750W traveling wave tube is relatively mature at present, and is generally applied to a ground station, a fixed station or a machine room, the using mode of the 750W high-power transmitter is generally single-machine independent use or two synthesized outputs, the power amplifier is small in quantity and is used on land, the installation space is flexible, the installation and the debugging are convenient, the power suppression of high-power interference can be carried out on the premise of sacrificing the output power and the volume of the power amplifier, the requirement on the phase of the power amplifier after single-machine or synthesized output is not high, and therefore, higher requirements are provided for realizing the linearization phase compensation of a plurality of Ku waveband airborne 750W traveling wave tube power amplifiers.
The traditional linear phase compensation solution is to make the operating point of the power amplifier far away from the saturation region and operate in the linear region, i.e. power backoff. Power back-off may improve the linearity of the amplifier but may reduce the efficiency of the system; on the other hand, a high-power Ku frequency band traveling wave tube power amplifier mainly depends on import, the domestic research and development capability is very weak, a high-power device is used for outputting small power, and the system cost is also improved. Therefore, when the total power is constant, the design of the power amplifier is a compromise between efficiency and linearity. For a communication system adopting a constant envelope signal, the linearity required by the system can be obtained by proper back-off; for a system using linear modulation, the method using power back-off only is far from the system requirement, because when the power is back-off to a certain degree and the third-order intermodulation reaches below-40 dBc, the back-off is continued, and the linearity of the power amplifier can not be improved any more. In addition, only by using the power back-off method, the system must use multiple stages of amplification to achieve the rated output power, which also causes many disadvantages such as cost increase, efficiency decrease and dc power increase, especially in the system with very limited installation space and weight requirements such as camera, the power amplifier efficiency is the main factor to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that for a linear modulation system, the existing linear phase compensation method is often low in precision, low in efficiency, high in system cost, high in maintenance cost and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of phase compensation for improved linearity, comprising a communication transmitter system, the method comprising:
performing initial phase segment trim on each element of the communication transmitter system;
carrying out high-power phase fine adjustment on the initial phase section balancing result until the output phase difference of each feed source loudspeaker is within the maximum phase difference range tolerated by a communication transmitter system; and
and carrying out fine adjustment verification on the high-power phase fine adjustment result.
The working principle is as follows: for a linear modulation system, the existing linear phase compensation method is often low in precision, low in efficiency, high in system cost, high in direct current power and the like, and the scheme adopted by the invention is used for improving the space power synthesis efficiency of the antenna and following the same-phase principle of 24-path waveguide length and the like, so that the output phases of 24 feed source horn antennas of the communication transmitter system are consistent. Because the system works in a Ku frequency band, the frequency is higher, the phase is very sensitive to the length and the distortion degree of a transmission line, and the measurement is difficult to be accurate, the method firstly carries out initial phase sectional trim on a communication transmitter system and then carries out high-power phase fine adjustment. The adjustment is repeated until the output phase difference of the 24 feed horns is within the maximum phase difference range which can be tolerated by the communication transmitter system. And finally, in order to ensure that the synthesis efficiency is highest, a high-power phase matching method is adopted to perform fine adjustment verification on the system method. The invention adopts the way of simultaneously carrying out phase matching in sections, and has high phase matching speed and high consistency; the invention can greatly improve the precision of the linearity of the power amplifier by combining the power amplifier predistortion correction technology and the phase shifting technology, so that the 24-path power amplifier and the waveguide are accurately matched, and the system installation and debugging operation are simpler and more convenient; in addition, based on the sectional balancing, the system equipment or the part related by the invention can be independently replaced after the fault, only the equipment or the part to be replaced needs to be independently matched and debugged after the replacement, the fault isolation is simple, the whole passage does not need to be replaced, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced.
Further, the initial phase section balancing is performed on each unit of the communication transmitter system, and the output phases of the 24 feed horn antennas of the communication transmitter system are consistent according to the same-phase principle of 24-path waveguide lengths.
Further, the initial phase section balancing is performed on each unit of the communication transmitter system, specifically comprising three phase balancing, wherein the first phase balancing is phase modulation by adopting a matching phase shifting network for a 24-path power divider, an electric control phase shifter and a coaxial cable; the second phase trim is power amplifier trim; the third phase of phase balancing is the phase matching of the waveguide and the feed horn.
Further, the first-stage phase balancing is that a 24-path power divider, an electric control phase shifter and a coaxial cable adopt a matching phase shifting network for phase modulation, specifically:
setting initial phases of the left and right coaxial cables through the beam controller, automatically adjusting the phases of the 24 electric control phase shifters to an initial state through the beam controller, and setting the initial phases of the electric control phase shifters to corresponding magnitude values when the working states of the left and right antennas are switched; the coaxial line configuration method comprises the following specific steps:
step 101: selecting one path of coaxial line as a reference, connecting a transmitting port of the vector network analyzer with the input of a 24-path power distributor, and respectively connecting the coaxial line outlets based on the 24-path power distributor with an electric control phase shifting network to obtain 24 paths of electric control phase shifting network outputs which are connected with the input of the vector network analyzer (namely the receiving end of the vector network analyzer) through a radio frequency cable, so that the whole link forms a loop and performs zero resetting operation on the vector network analyzer;
step 102: and switching to another coaxial line to be matched, observing a phase value displayed by the vector network analyzer after connection, and adjusting the electric control phase shifter to achieve phase consistency.
Furthermore, the second phase balancing is power amplifier balancing, and a matrix type phase shift network in the device is adopted for phase balancing; selecting a central working frequency point, taking an output port of a vector network analyzer (namely a transmitting end of the vector network analyzer) as a power amplifier excitation source, and absorbing an output interface of the power amplifier through a uniform coupler and a load; the port of the coupler is connected with the input port of the vector network analyzer (namely the receiving end of the vector network analyzer) to form a signal link closed loop; the phases of output signals of 24 power amplifiers are consistent through phase matching of the power amplifiers, and each power amplifier is provided with an electric control phase shifter respectively, so that the output phase can be adjusted; the power amplifier phase matching method comprises the following specific steps:
step 111: selecting any power amplifier as a matched reference power amplifier, selecting a dual-port mode by a vector network analyzer, and connecting the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer to the radio frequency input port of the power amplifier through a coaxial line 1 to be used as an excitation source of the power amplifier; the receiving end of the vector network analyzer is connected to the coupling monitoring port of the coupler through the coaxial line 2; transmitting the power amplifier, and zeroing the phase value displayed by the vector network analyzer;
step 112: connecting the coaxial line 1 to a radio frequency input port of a power amplifier to be matched, and connecting a load and a bent waveguide to an output port of the power amplifier to be matched; and transmitting the power amplifier to be matched, and adjusting a phase adjusting knob of an electric control phase shifter of the power amplifier until the value displayed by the vector network analyzer is zero for the phase difference value of the two power amplifiers displayed by the vector network analyzer.
Further, the power amplifier adopts a Ku waveband 750W traveling wave tube power amplifier.
Further, the third-stage phase trimming is the phase trimming of the waveguide and the feed horn, and the hard waveguide, the soft waveguide, the elastic waveguide and the feed horn. The third-stage phase balancing is a key part of the overall system phase matching work. Firstly, the transmission waveguide wavelength of the BJ120 type waveguide in the Ku frequency band is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the waveguide, and the conversion relation between the phase and the physical length of the waveguide is obtained according to the calculation result. Sequentially measuring the initial phase value of each of the left and right 24 waveguides by a vector network analyzer, sorting and analyzing the measured data, and determining the physical length difference of each waveguide; then, adding a waveguide gasket at the waveguide joint where the physical length needs to be adjusted to compensate the physical length difference; finally, each phase value needs to be retested. And repeating the steps, and finally determining the thickness of the waveguide gasket through repeated measurement and adjustment. The waveguide and feed source horn phase matching steps are as follows:
in the phase matching process of the system waveguide, the equal phase of 24 paths of waveguides of the antenna is realized by adjusting the common part of the waveguides, and then the equal phase adjustment of the antenna on the other side is realized by switching the waveguide switch; the transmitting end of a vector network analyzer is connected with a waveguide inlet (the connection position of a radio frequency output port of a power amplifier), and the receiving end of the vector network analyzer is connected with a standard horn antenna and is butted with an output horn antenna (an antenna transmitting port); the waveguide phase is adjusted by compensating the phase through adjusting the thickness of the waveguide gasket, so that the phase consistency is realized.
Further, the high-power phase fine adjustment is performed on the initial phase segmented balancing result, namely, the initial phase is fine adjusted by adopting a high-power phase matching method in an external field; and wave-absorbing materials are laid on the wall of the antenna bulkhead and the transmission path of the antenna and the receiving point, and the receiving point is provided with a high-precision sharp spectrum analyzer and a high-precision servo control system for scanning a long-distance directional diagram.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a phase compensation system for improving linearity corresponding to the phase compensation method for improving linearity, which comprises:
a trim subsystem for performing initial phase segment trim on each element of the communication transmitter system;
the fine adjustment subsystem is used for carrying out high-power phase fine adjustment on the initial phase section balancing result until the output phase difference of each feed source loudspeaker is within the maximum phase difference range tolerated by the communication transmitter system; and
and the verification subsystem is used for performing fine adjustment verification on the high-power phase fine adjustment result.
Furthermore, the balancing subsystem comprises a first-phase balancing module, wherein the first-phase balancing module is a 24-path power divider, an electric control phase shifter and a coaxial cable and adopts a matching phase shifting network for phase modulation;
the power amplifier also comprises a second-stage phase balancing module, wherein the second-stage phase balancing module is used for power amplifier balancing;
the third-stage phase balancing module is used for matching the phase of the waveguide and the feed source horn;
the first-phase balancing module comprises a power distributor, a vector network analyzer, a matrix phase shifting network and a coaxial line, wherein the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected with the input end of the power distributor through an input coaxial line, the output end of the power distributor is connected with the matrix phase shifting network through an output coaxial line, the matrix phase shifting network is connected with the receiving end of the vector network analyzer through a radio frequency cable, and the whole link forms a loop;
the second-stage phase balancing module comprises a power amplifier, a vector network analyzer, a coupler, an absorption load, a coaxial line and a waveguide, wherein the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected with the radio-frequency input end of the power amplifier through the coaxial line 1, the radio-frequency output end of the power amplifier is connected with the waveguide, the waveguide is connected with the coupler, and a coupling monitoring port of the coupler is connected to the receiving end of the vector network analyzer through the coaxial line 2 to form a signal link closed loop; the phases of the output signals of the 24 power amplifiers are consistent through the second-stage phase balancing module, and each power amplifier is provided with an electric control phase shifter respectively, so that the output phase can be adjusted;
the third-stage phase balancing module comprises a waveguide public part, a waveguide change-over switch, an antenna feed horn and a vector network analyzer, wherein the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected with the waveguide public part through a test cable; the equal phase of 24 paths of waveguides of the antenna is realized by adjusting the common part of the waveguides, and then the equal phase of the antenna on the other side is realized by switching the waveguide switch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the phase compensation method and the phase compensation system for improving the linearity, the precision of the linearity of the power amplifier can be greatly improved by combining the power amplifier predistortion correction technology and the phase shifting technology, so that the 24 paths of power amplifiers and waveguides are accurately matched, and the system is simpler and more convenient to install and debug;
2. the phase compensation method and the phase compensation system for improving the linearity can simultaneously carry out phase matching in a segmented mode, and have high phase matching speed and high consistency;
3. according to the phase compensation method and system for improving linearity, the system equipment or part can be independently replaced after being in fault, only the replaced equipment or part needs to be independently matched and debugged after being replaced, fault isolation is simple, the whole channel does not need to be replaced, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a phase compensation method for improving linearity according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmission network of the communication transmitter system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of coaxial wiring according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the phase matching of the power amplifier of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the waveguide phase matching of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a phase compensation method for improving linearity of the present invention includes a communication transmitter system, and the method includes:
performing initial phase segment trim on each element of the communication transmitter system; the initial phase subsection balancing is carried out according to the same-phase principle of 24-path waveguide length and the like, so that the output phases of 24 feed source horn antennas of the communication transmitter system are consistent;
carrying out high-power phase fine adjustment on the initial phase section balancing result until the output phase difference of each feed source loudspeaker is within the maximum phase difference range tolerated by a communication transmitter system; and
and carrying out fine adjustment verification on the high-power phase fine adjustment result.
In this embodiment, the initial phase section balancing is performed on each unit of the communication transmitter system, and specifically includes three-stage phase balancing, where the first-stage phase balancing is phase-shifting performed by using a matching phase-shifting network for a 24-path power divider, an electrically-controlled phase shifter, and a coaxial cable; the second phase trim is power amplifier trim; the third phase of phase balancing is the phase matching of the waveguide and the feed horn.
In this embodiment, the phase balancing at the first stage is implemented by phase modulation of a front 24-path power divider, an electrically controlled phase shifter and a coaxial transmission cable of a Ku-band 750W traveling wave tube power amplifier by using a matching phase shifting network; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
and the transmission line and the electric control phase shifter behind the 24-path power divider are the other part, and the electric control phase shifter is used for carrying out phase balancing. Because the lengths of the left and right coaxial cables are different and the phases are different, the initial phases of the left and right coaxial cables are set through the beam controller. The initial phase needs to be tested repeatedly to ensure the accuracy of the system phase reference. After the initial phase is set, the beam controller automatically adjusts the phases of the 24 electrically controlled phase shifters to an initial state (i.e., the phases of the 24 links are all balanced) after the system is started, and the initial phases of the electrically controlled phase shifters are also set to corresponding magnitudes when the working states of the left and right antennas are switched. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of coaxial line phase matching, as shown in fig. 3. The coaxial line configuration method comprises the following specific steps:
step 101: selecting one path of coaxial line as a reference, connecting a transmitting port of the vector network analyzer with the input of a 24-path power distributor, and respectively connecting the coaxial line outlets based on the 24-path power distributor with an electric control phase shifting network to obtain 24 paths of electric control phase shifting network outputs which are connected with the input of the vector network analyzer (namely the receiving end of the vector network analyzer) through a radio frequency cable, so that the vector network analyzer is subjected to zero resetting operation after a whole link forms a loop;
step 102: and switching to another coaxial line to be matched, observing a phase value displayed by the vector network analyzer after connection, and adjusting the electric control phase shifter to achieve phase consistency.
In this embodiment, the second-stage phase balancing is power amplifier balancing, and a matrix phase shift network in the device is used for phase balancing; selecting a central working frequency point, taking an output port of a vector network analyzer (namely a transmitting end of the vector network analyzer) as a power amplifier excitation source, and absorbing an output interface of the power amplifier through a uniform coupler and a load; the port of the coupler is connected with the input port of the vector network analyzer (namely the receiving end of the vector network analyzer) to form a signal link closed loop; meanwhile, in the testing process, the output power of each power amplifier is ensured to be the same, and the power is stable and the phase is stable after a period of time, and then the measurement is carried out.
The purpose of matching the phases of the power amplifiers is to make the phases of output signals of 24 power amplifiers consistent, and each power amplifier is provided with an electrically controlled phase shifter to adjust the output phase. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power amplifier phase scheme, as shown in fig. 4. The power amplifier phase matching method comprises the following specific steps:
step 111: selecting any power amplifier as a matched reference power amplifier, selecting a dual-port mode by a vector network analyzer, and connecting the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer to the radio frequency input port of the power amplifier through a coaxial line 1 to be used as an excitation source of the power amplifier; the receiving end of the vector network analyzer is connected to the coupling monitoring port of the coupler through the coaxial line 2; transmitting the power amplifier, and zeroing the phase value displayed by the vector network analyzer;
step 112: connecting the coaxial line 1 to a radio frequency input port of a power amplifier to be matched, and connecting a load and a bent waveguide to an output port of the power amplifier to be matched; and (3) transmitting the power amplifier to be matched, displaying a phase value by the vector network analyzer at the moment, wherein the phase value is the phase difference of the two power amplifiers, and adjusting a phase adjusting knob of the power amplifier phase shifter until the value displayed by the vector network analyzer is zero.
In this embodiment, the power amplifier is a Ku-band 750W traveling-wave tube power amplifier.
In this embodiment, the third phase matching is phase matching of the waveguide and the feed horn, and the hard waveguide, the soft waveguide, the elastic waveguide, and the feed horn. The third-stage phase balancing is a key part of the overall system phase matching work. Firstly, the transmission waveguide wavelength of the BJ120 type waveguide in the Ku frequency band is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the waveguide, and the conversion relation between the phase and the physical length of the waveguide is obtained according to the calculation result. Sequentially measuring the initial phase value of each of the left and right 24 waveguides by a vector network analyzer, sorting and analyzing the measured data, and determining the physical length difference of each waveguide; then, adding a waveguide gasket at the waveguide joint where the physical length needs to be adjusted to compensate the physical length difference; finally, each phase value needs to be retested. And repeating the steps, and finally determining the thickness of the waveguide gasket through repeated measurement and adjustment. As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of waveguide phase matching. The waveguide and feed source horn phase matching steps are as follows:
in the phase matching process of the system waveguide, the equal phase of 24 paths of waveguides of the antenna is realized by adjusting the common part of the waveguides, and then the equal phase adjustment of the antenna on the other side is realized by switching the waveguide switch; the transmitting end of a vector network analyzer is connected with a waveguide inlet (the connection position of a radio frequency output port of a power amplifier), and the receiving end of the vector network analyzer is connected with a standard horn antenna and is butted with an output horn antenna (an antenna transmitting port); the waveguide phase is adjusted by compensating the phase through adjusting the thickness of the waveguide gasket, so that the phase consistency is realized.
In this embodiment, the high-power phase fine adjustment is performed on the initial phase segmented trim result by adopting a high-power phase matching method in an external field; in order to reduce phase measurement errors caused by antenna bulkhead and ground reflection, wave-absorbing materials are laid on the transmission paths of the antenna bulkhead, the antennas and the receiving points; because the system power is too large, the receiving point is provided with a high-precision sharp spectrum analyzer and a high-precision servo control system for scanning a long-distance directional diagram.
The working principle is as follows: for a linear modulation system, the existing linear phase compensation method is often low in precision, low in efficiency, high in system cost, high in direct current power and the like, and the scheme adopted by the invention is used for improving the space power synthesis efficiency of the antenna and following the same-phase principle of 24-path waveguide length and the like, so that the output phases of 24 feed source horn antennas of the communication transmitter system are consistent. Because the system works in a Ku frequency band, the frequency is higher, the phase is very sensitive to the length and the distortion degree of a transmission line, and the measurement is difficult to be accurate, the method firstly carries out initial phase sectional trim on a communication transmitter system and then carries out high-power phase fine adjustment. The adjustment is repeated until the output phase difference of the 24 feed horns is within the maximum phase difference range which can be tolerated by the communication transmitter system. And finally, in order to ensure that the synthesis efficiency is highest, a high-power phase matching method is adopted to perform fine adjustment verification on the system method. The invention adopts the way of simultaneously carrying out phase matching in sections, and has high phase matching speed and high consistency; the invention can greatly improve the precision of the linearity of the power amplifier by combining the power amplifier predistortion correction technology and the phase shifting technology, so that the 24-path power amplifier and the waveguide are accurately matched, and the system installation and debugging operation are simpler and more convenient; in addition, based on the sectional balancing, the system equipment or the part related by the invention can be independently replaced after the fault, only the equipment or the part to be replaced needs to be independently matched and debugged after the replacement, the fault isolation is simple, the whole passage does not need to be replaced, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced.
In another embodiment, a phase compensation system for improving linearity corresponding to the phase compensation method for improving linearity includes:
a trim subsystem for performing initial phase segment trim on each element of the communication transmitter system;
the fine adjustment subsystem is used for carrying out high-power phase fine adjustment on the initial phase section balancing result until the output phase difference of each feed source loudspeaker is within the maximum phase difference range tolerated by the communication transmitter system; and
and the verification subsystem is used for performing fine adjustment verification on the high-power phase fine adjustment result.
Specifically, the balancing subsystem comprises a first-phase balancing module, wherein the first-phase balancing module is a 24-path power divider, an electric control phase shifter and a coaxial cable and adopts a matching phase shifting network for phase modulation;
the power amplifier also comprises a second-stage phase balancing module, wherein the second-stage phase balancing module is used for power amplifier balancing;
the third-stage phase balancing module is used for matching the phase of the waveguide and the feed source horn;
as shown in fig. 3, the first-stage phase balancing module includes a power divider, a vector network analyzer, a matrix phase shifting network and a coaxial line, wherein a transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected to an input end of the power divider through an input coaxial line, an output end of the power divider is connected to the matrix phase shifting network through an output coaxial line, the matrix phase shifting network is connected to a receiving end of the vector network analyzer through a radio frequency cable, and the whole link forms a loop;
as shown in fig. 4, the second-stage phase balancing module includes a power amplifier, a vector network analyzer, a coupler, an absorption load, a coaxial line and a waveguide, wherein the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected to the radio-frequency input end of the power amplifier through the coaxial line 1, the radio-frequency output end of the power amplifier is connected to the waveguide, the waveguide is connected to the coupler, and the coupling monitoring port of the coupler is connected to the receiving end of the vector network analyzer through the coaxial line 2 to form a signal link closed loop; the phases of the output signals of the 24 power amplifiers are consistent through the second-stage phase balancing module, and each power amplifier is provided with an electric control phase shifter respectively, so that the output phase can be adjusted;
as shown in fig. 5, the third phase trimming module includes a waveguide common portion, a waveguide switch, an antenna feed horn, and a vector network analyzer, where the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected to the waveguide common portion through a test cable, the waveguide common portion is connected to the waveguide switch, the waveguide switch is connected to the left and right antenna feed horns, and the left and right antenna feed horns are used as test horn antennas and connected to the receiving end of the vector network analyzer through the test cable; the equal phase of 24 paths of waveguides of the antenna is realized by adjusting the common part of the waveguides, and then the equal phase of the antenna on the other side is realized by switching the waveguide switch.
The method and the system can conveniently and flexibly carry out multi-path power amplifier phase matching in the large airborne system, realize phase compensation and balancing, do not need to adjust other airborne system equipment, and are not associated with other airborne system equipment. The phase compensation method and the phase compensation system for improving the linearity are successfully applied to equipment of a certain type of psychological war and tried in a certain army of the air force, so that the problem of large system engineering realization is solved, the precision of the linearity of a power amplifier can be greatly improved, the 24-path power amplifier and the waveguide are accurately matched, and the system installation and debugging operation are simpler and more convenient; the invention simultaneously carries out phase matching work in a subsection way, and has high phase matching speed and high consistency; the system equipment or the parts of the invention can be independently replaced after the fault, and only the phase matching debugging is needed to be carried out on the replaced equipment or parts after the replacement, so the fault isolation is simple, the replacement of the whole passage is not needed, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of phase compensation for improved linearity, comprising a communication transmitter system, the method comprising:
performing initial phase segment trim on each element of the communication transmitter system;
carrying out high-power phase fine adjustment on the initial phase section balancing result until the output phase difference of each feed source loudspeaker is within the maximum phase difference range tolerated by a communication transmitter system; and
and carrying out fine adjustment verification on the high-power phase fine adjustment result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial phase section-wise balancing of the units of the communication transmitter system is performed according to the same-phase principle of 24 waveguides and the like, so that the output phases of the 24 feed horn antennas of the communication transmitter system are consistent.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the initial phase-section balancing of each unit of the communication transmitter system comprises three-phase balancing, wherein the first phase balancing is phase-shifting with a 24-way power divider, an electrically controlled phase shifter, and a coaxial cable using a matching phase-shifting network; the second phase trim is power amplifier trim; the third phase of phase balancing is the phase matching of the waveguide and the feed horn.
4. The phase compensation method for improving linearity of claim 3, wherein the first-phase balancing is 24-path power divider, electrically-controlled phase shifter, coaxial cable phase modulation using matching phase shifting network, specifically:
setting initial phases of the left and right coaxial cables through the beam controller, automatically adjusting the phases of the 24 electric control phase shifters to an initial state through the beam controller, and setting the initial phases of the electric control phase shifters to corresponding magnitude values when the working states of the left and right antennas are switched; the coaxial line configuration method comprises the following specific steps:
step 101: selecting one path of coaxial line as a reference, connecting a transmitting port of the vector network analyzer with the input of a 24-path power distributor, and respectively connecting the coaxial line outlets based on the 24-path power distributor with an electric control phase shifting network to obtain 24 paths of electric control phase shifting network outputs which are connected with the input of the vector network analyzer through a radio frequency cable, so that the whole link forms a loop, and carrying out zero resetting operation on the vector network analyzer;
step 102: and switching to another coaxial line to be matched, observing a phase value displayed by the vector network analyzer after connection, and adjusting the electric control phase shifter to achieve phase consistency.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the second phase balancing is power amplifier balancing, and a matrix phase shifting network in the communication transmitter system is used for phase balancing; selecting a central working frequency point, taking an output port of a vector network analyzer as a power amplifier excitation source, and absorbing an output interface of the power amplifier through a uniform coupler and a load; the port of the coupler is connected with the input port of the vector network analyzer to form a signal link closed loop; the phases of output signals of 24 power amplifiers are consistent through phase matching of the power amplifiers, and each power amplifier is provided with an electric control phase shifter respectively, so that the output phase can be adjusted; the power amplifier phase matching method comprises the following specific steps:
step 111: selecting any power amplifier as a matched reference power amplifier, selecting a dual-port mode by a vector network analyzer, and connecting the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer to the radio frequency input port of the power amplifier through a coaxial line 1 to be used as an excitation source of the power amplifier; the receiving end of the vector network analyzer is connected to the coupling monitoring port of the coupler through the coaxial line 2; when the radio frequency of the power amplifier is output, the phase value displayed by the vector network analyzer is reset to zero;
step 112: connecting the coaxial line 1 to a radio frequency input port of a power amplifier to be matched, and connecting a load and a bent waveguide to an output port of the power amplifier to be matched; and transmitting the power amplifier to be matched, and adjusting a phase adjusting knob of an electric control phase shifter of the power amplifier until the value displayed by the vector network analyzer is zero for the phase difference value of the two power amplifiers displayed by the vector network analyzer.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the power amplifier is a Ku-band 750W traveling wave tube power amplifier.
7. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the third phase matching is phase matching of the waveguide and the feed horn, and the phase matching of the waveguide and the feed horn comprises the following steps:
in the phase matching process of the system waveguide, the equal phase of 24 paths of waveguides of the antenna is realized by adjusting the common part of the waveguides, and then the equal phase adjustment of the antenna on the other side is realized by switching the waveguide switch; connecting a transmitting end of a vector network analyzer with a waveguide inlet, and connecting a receiving end of the vector network analyzer with a standard horn antenna to be butted with an output horn antenna; the waveguide phase is adjusted by compensating the phase through adjusting the thickness of the waveguide gasket, so that the phase consistency is realized.
8. The phase compensation method for improving linearity of claim 1, wherein the high-power phase fine adjustment of the initial phase piecewise balancing result is performed by performing a high-power phase matching method on the initial phase in an external field; and wave-absorbing materials are laid on the wall of the antenna bulkhead and the transmission path of the antenna and the receiving point, and the receiving point is provided with a high-precision sharp spectrum analyzer and a high-precision servo control system for scanning a long-distance directional diagram.
9. A phase compensation system for improving linearity, comprising:
a trim subsystem for performing initial phase segment trim on each element of the communication transmitter system;
the fine adjustment subsystem is used for carrying out high-power phase fine adjustment on the initial phase section balancing result until the output phase difference of each feed source loudspeaker is within the maximum phase difference range tolerated by the communication transmitter system; and
and the verification subsystem is used for performing fine adjustment verification on the high-power phase fine adjustment result.
10. The improved linearity phase compensation system of claim 9, wherein said trim subsystem comprises a first stage phase trim module, said first stage phase trim module is a 24-way power divider, an electronically controlled phase shifter, a coaxial cable phase modulated using a matched phase shifting network;
the power amplifier also comprises a second-stage phase balancing module, wherein the second-stage phase balancing module is used for power amplifier balancing;
the third-stage phase balancing module is used for matching the phase of the waveguide and the feed source horn;
the first-phase balancing module comprises a power distributor, a vector network analyzer, a matrix phase shifting network and a coaxial line, wherein the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected with the input end of the power distributor through an input coaxial line, the output end of the power distributor is connected with the matrix phase shifting network through an output coaxial line, the matrix phase shifting network is connected with the receiving end of the vector network analyzer through a radio frequency cable, and the whole link forms a loop;
the second-stage phase balancing module comprises a power amplifier, a vector network analyzer, a coupler, an absorption load, a coaxial line and a waveguide, wherein the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected with the radio-frequency input end of the power amplifier through the coaxial line 1, the radio-frequency output end of the power amplifier is connected with the waveguide, the waveguide is connected with the coupler, and a coupling monitoring port of the coupler is connected to the receiving end of the vector network analyzer through the coaxial line 2 to form a signal link closed loop; the phases of the output signals of the 24 power amplifiers are consistent through the second-stage phase balancing module, and each power amplifier is provided with an electric control phase shifter respectively, so that the output phase can be adjusted;
the third-stage phase balancing module comprises a waveguide public part, a waveguide change-over switch, an antenna feed horn and a vector network analyzer, wherein the transmitting end of the vector network analyzer is connected with the waveguide public part through a test cable; the equal phase of 24 paths of waveguides of the antenna is realized by adjusting the common part of the waveguides, and then the equal phase of the antenna on the other side is realized by switching the waveguide switch.
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