CN111076996A - Crack tendency testing method for large thin-wall titanium casting prepared from high-temperature titanium alloy - Google Patents
Crack tendency testing method for large thin-wall titanium casting prepared from high-temperature titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN111076996A CN111076996A CN201911326675.4A CN201911326675A CN111076996A CN 111076996 A CN111076996 A CN 111076996A CN 201911326675 A CN201911326675 A CN 201911326675A CN 111076996 A CN111076996 A CN 111076996A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/068—Semi-permanent moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crack tendency testing method for preparing a large thin-wall titanium casting from a high-temperature titanium alloy, which comprises the steps of casting a casting sample and analyzing crack defects of the casting sample, wherein a casting mold is designed according to the design shape and size of the titanium casting sample; the inner cavity and the appearance of the casting mould are both graphite type moulds, or the inner cavity of the casting mould is a fired mould and the appearance of the casting mould is a graphite type mould; during casting, casting in a horizontal static casting mode after a high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is melted, and casting by adopting an internal casting method or an external casting method; after casting, the thin-walled titanium casting samples were subjected to surface and internal crack testing to analyze the hot cracking tendency of the castings. The method can meet the testing requirement of the heat cracking tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing the casting performance of a high-temperature titanium alloy, in particular to a method for testing the crack tendency of a large thin-wall titanium casting prepared from the high-temperature titanium alloy.
Background
The titanium alloy investment precision casting technology can realize near-net-shape production of complex parts, has high dimensional precision and high surface smoothness, is suitable for manufacturing titanium castings with complex shapes or thin walls, omits a large number of machining processes, has high material utilization rate of 70-90 percent, obviously reduces the cost, but is not suitable for producing large castings because a mold shell used for investment casting has poor strength and is easy to deform.
The graphite type is the earliest molding method and molding material of titanium castings, the graphite has high strength, can be completely machined, the selection of parting surfaces is not limited, and the quality of cast castings is relatively stable, so the graphite type is widely used at home and abroad. The graphite mold can be used for preparing large titanium castings, but the graphite mold has the defects of poor deformability, high cooling speed and the like, so that the castings are easy to generate surface microcracks, penetrating cracks and the like.
The evaluation of the cast titanium alloy comprises the evaluation of mechanical properties and process properties, the process properties comprise casting fluidity, hot cracking tendency, welding/repair welding performance and the like, and the casting performance parameters of fluidity, shrinkage rate, hot cracking tendency and the like are important bases in the design of a casting process. The aerospace field puts demands on large thin-wall titanium castings prepared from high-temperature titanium alloy, and the products are applied to high-temperature environments; when the high-temperature titanium alloy is researched and developed, the mechanical property requirement is met, and the good casting property is also an important factor for realizing the application, but the high-temperature titanium alloy contains more alloy elements and generally also contains Si and the like, so that the casting hot cracking tendency is increased compared with that of pure titanium, and the process difficulty is higher particularly when the high-temperature titanium alloy is used for preparing large thin-wall titanium castings.
The casting performance test of the titanium alloy investment precision casting is usually carried out by using a fluidity test sample, a volume shrinkage test sample, a hot cracking tendency test sample and the like, but the specific test aspect has no unified related standard, and a test method is generally designed by self by referring to other alloys. The investment casting titanium casting can only prepare small-size titanium castings, large castings are difficult to prepare, the hot cracking tendency sample is suitable for small titanium castings, and the test effect on large thin-wall titanium castings cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for testing the heat cracking tendency of a large thin-wall titanium casting prepared from a high-temperature titanium alloy, which is used for testing the castability and achieving the purpose of testing the heat cracking tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting by reasonably designing a mould and designing the shape and the thickness of the casting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a crack tendency test method for preparing a large thin-wall titanium casting from a high-temperature titanium alloy comprises the steps of casting a casting sample and analyzing crack defects of the casting sample, and designing a casting mold according to the design shape and size of the titanium casting sample; the inner cavity and the appearance of the casting mould are both graphite type moulds, or the inner cavity of the casting mould is a fired mould and the appearance of the casting mould is a graphite type mould; during casting, casting in a horizontal static casting mode after a high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is melted, and casting by adopting an internal casting method or an external casting method; after casting, the thin-walled titanium casting samples were subjected to surface and internal crack testing to analyze the hot cracking tendency of the castings.
The thin-wall titanium casting sample is in a cone cylinder shape, the lower part of the thin-wall titanium casting sample is in a cylinder shape, and the upper part of the thin-wall titanium casting sample is in a cone shape.
The inner diameter D of the end opening of the small end of the cone is 300-600 mm, the wall thickness T is 4-10mm, the height H is 150-400 mm, the outer diameter D of the cylinder is D + (100-200) mm, the wall thickness T is T + (3-10) mm, and the height H is 200-400 mm.
When the whole casting mould is a graphite mould, an internal three-layer casting method is adopted for casting so as to ensure good filling property.
When the inner cavity of the casting mold adopts a fired mold and the appearance adopts a graphite mold, an external three-layer casting method is adopted for casting so as to ensure good filling property.
The titanium alloy ingot used for casting the thin-wall titanium casting sample is high-temperature titanium alloy suitable for 650-750 ℃.
The titanium alloy ingot used for casting the thin-wall titanium casting sample is a high-temperature titanium alloy suitable for the environment above 450 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) for the preparation of large thin-wall titanium castings, a casting process test scheme is provided, and the casting mold filling effect and the hot crack tendency can be tested.
(2) The casting performance of the high-temperature titanium alloy with the wall thickness of 4-15mm can be tested, and the hot crack tendency of titanium castings with different thicknesses can be analyzed.
(3) The method can test the castability and the hot crack tendency of the large cylindrical casting of the high-temperature titanium alloy, and the diameter of the cylindrical casting can reach 300-800 mm.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Example 1: in the embodiment, a vacuum consumable furnace twice smelting process is adopted to prepare ZTA15 alloy, a 300kg vacuum skull casting furnace is used for casting a titanium alloy casting, the inner part and the outer part of the mould are machined graphite type moulds, and the mould is in a conical cylinder shape; the casting sample to be tested is designed to be in a cone cylinder shape, the inner diameter D of a small-end port of an upper cone is 300mm, the wall thickness T is 4mm, the height H is 150mm, the outer diameter D of a lower cylinder is 450mm, the wall thickness T is 8mm, and the height H is 250 mm.
And (3) carrying out static horizontal casting by using a consumable skull melting furnace commonly used in industry, and adopting an internal three-layer casting method during casting to ensure good filling property and obtain a large thin-wall titanium casting sample for testing the hot cracking tendency.
The fluorescent surface crack test and the X-ray internal crack test are carried out on the obtained large thin-wall titanium casting sample for testing the thermal cracking tendency, and the results show that the upper cone thin-wall area has 2 non-through cracks, other parts have 3 shallow surface cracks, the thermal cracking tendency is small, and the purpose of thermal cracking analysis and test is met.
Example 2: the novel high-temperature resistant titanium alloy ZTi700SR suitable for 650-750 ℃ environment is prepared by adopting a vacuum consumable furnace two-time smelting process, and a 300kg vacuum skull casting furnace is used for casting a titanium alloy casting. The mold adopts a combined mold with an internal investment mold core and an external graphite mold. The casting sample to be tested is designed to be in a cone cylinder shape, the inner diameter D of a small-end port of an upper cone is 400mm, the wall thickness T is 4mm, the height H is 200mm, the outer diameter D of a lower cylinder is 600mm, the wall thickness T is 10mm, and the height H is 300 mm.
And (3) carrying out static horizontal casting by using a consumable skull melting furnace commonly used in industry, and adopting an external three-layer casting method during casting to ensure good filling property and obtain a large thin-wall titanium casting sample for testing the hot cracking tendency.
The fluorescent surface crack test and the X-ray internal crack test are carried out on the obtained large thin-wall titanium casting sample for testing the thermal cracking tendency, and the results show that 1 non-through crack exists in the upper cone thin-wall area, 4 shallow surface cracks exist in other parts, the thermal cracking tendency is small, and the purpose of thermal cracking analysis and test is met.
The above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the specific embodiments of the present invention can be modified or substituted with equivalents with reference to the above embodiments, and any modifications or equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of the claims to be appended.
Claims (7)
1. A crack tendency testing method for preparing large thin-wall titanium castings from high-temperature titanium alloy comprises casting of casting samples and analysis of crack defects of the casting samples, and is characterized in that: designing a casting mold according to the design shape and size of the titanium casting sample; the inner cavity and the appearance of the casting mould are both graphite type moulds, or the inner cavity of the casting mould is a fired mould and the appearance of the casting mould is a graphite type mould; during casting, casting in a horizontal static casting mode after a high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is melted, and casting by adopting an internal casting method or an external casting method; after casting, the thin-walled titanium casting samples were subjected to surface and internal crack testing to analyze the hot cracking tendency of the castings.
2. The method for testing the crack tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting made of the high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thin-wall titanium casting sample is in a cone cylinder shape, the lower part of the thin-wall titanium casting sample is in a cylinder shape, and the upper part of the thin-wall titanium casting sample is in a cone shape.
3. The method for testing the crack tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting made of the high-temperature titanium alloy according to the claim 2 is characterized in that: the inner diameter D of the end opening of the small end of the cone is 300-600 mm, the wall thickness T is 4-10mm, the height H is 150-400 mm, the outer diameter D of the cylinder is D + (100-200) mm, the wall thickness T is T + (3-10) mm, and the height H is 200-400 mm.
4. The method for testing the crack tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting made of the high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the whole casting mould is a graphite mould, an internal three-layer casting method is adopted for casting so as to ensure good filling property.
5. The method for testing the crack tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting made of the high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the inner cavity of the casting mold adopts a fired mold and the appearance adopts a graphite mold, an external three-layer casting method is adopted for casting so as to ensure good filling property.
6. The method for testing the crack tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting made of the high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the titanium alloy ingot used for casting the thin-wall titanium casting sample is high-temperature titanium alloy suitable for 650-750 ℃.
7. The method for testing the crack tendency of the large thin-wall titanium casting made of the high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the titanium alloy ingot used for casting the thin-wall titanium casting sample is a high-temperature titanium alloy suitable for the environment above 450 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911326675.4A CN111076996A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Crack tendency testing method for large thin-wall titanium casting prepared from high-temperature titanium alloy |
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| CN201911326675.4A CN111076996A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Crack tendency testing method for large thin-wall titanium casting prepared from high-temperature titanium alloy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114713775A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-08 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Preparation method of large cylindrical titanium casting with opening |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114713775A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-08 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Preparation method of large cylindrical titanium casting with opening |
| CN114713775B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2024-01-19 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Preparation method of large cylindrical titanium casting with opening |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |