CN111066556B

CN111066556B - Seedling planting method

Info

Publication number: CN111066556B
Application number: CN201911337610.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑宁; 蔡曙光; 孙鲁君; 叶仙伟
Original assignee: Chengtong Kaisheng Ecological Construction Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengtong Kaisheng Ecological Construction Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-23
Filing date: 2019-12-23
Publication date: 2022-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-23
Also published as: CN111066556A

Abstract

The invention relates to a nursery stock planting method, which comprises the following steps: step S1, digging planting pits; s2, respectively paving first isolation layers at the bottom and on the inner wall of the planting pit, and paving a filler consisting of one or more of zeolite, ceramsite and vermiculite on the first isolation layer at the bottom of the planting pit; step S3, installing a temporary isolation pipe in the planting pit, wherein the temporary isolation pipe divides the inner cavity of the planting pit into an outer cavity and an inner cavity, the part of the first isolation layer, which is in contact with the inner wall of the planting pit, is located in the outer cavity, and the inner cavity is located in an inner ring of the temporary isolation pipe; step S4, laying a second isolation layer along the inner wall and the bottom wall of the inner cavity; step S5, filling the inner chamber with extra soil; step S6, drawing out the temporary isolation pipe fitting, and filling the groove formed after the temporary isolation pipe fitting is drawn out with filler to form a complete filter layer; and step S7, planting the nursery stock in the foreign soil. The preparation work before planting is accelerated.

Description

Seedling planting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a seedling planting method.

Background

Saline-alkali is the second most abiotic stress next to drought for plant bodies. Coastal areas of China are easily affected by storm surge, salt dust and salt fog, and are generally low in terrain, high in soil salt content and underground water level, heavy in soil texture, low in natural desalination rate and easy to develop into saline-alkali soil. Large-area saline-alkali soil in coastal areas seriously restricts afforestation and construction of ecological environment.

At present, chinese patent No. CN103392456B discloses a method for forestation in saline-alkali soil, comprising the following steps:

1) digging planting pits in saline-alkali soil;

2) two isolating layers which are permeable and breathable and can isolate salt and alkali and are not easy to rot are respectively paved at the bottom and the inner wall of the planting pit;

3) filtering layers for absorbing saline-alkali components are respectively arranged between the two isolating layers at the bottom and the inner wall;

4) preparing a mixed matrix, filling the mixed matrix into the pits, and tamping;

5) planting the nursery stock;

the planting pits are cylindrical, the diameter of each planting pit is 80-120cm, and the depth of each planting pit is 70-110 cm; the isolation layer is composed of a curtain-shaped plant fiber curtain, and the plant fiber curtain is composed of reeds with the thickness of 1-1.5 cm; the distance between the two isolating layers at the bottom is 20-30 cm; the distance between the two isolating layers on the inner wall is 10-20 cm; the filter layer is composed of one or more of zeolite, ceramsite and vermiculite; the mixed matrix consists of organic compost materials and original soil of saline-alkali soil in a volume ratio of 1: 3-7. The salt content in the original soil is reduced to enter the mixed matrix by arranging the isolation layer and the filter layer, so that the survival rate of the nursery stock is improved.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: because the filter layer composed of one or more of zeolite, ceramsite and vermiculite has a loose structure, the filter layer is difficult to shape when being laid, and the isolation layer is extruded. Particularly, the isolating layer which is not contacted with the inner wall of the planting pit is easily crushed by stones in the filtering layer due to lack of support, so that the isolating layer is paved again, and the planting work is delayed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for planting seedlings, which has the advantage of accelerating the progress of the preparation work before planting.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a nursery stock planting method comprises the following steps:

step S1, digging planting pits;

s2, respectively paving first isolation layers at the bottom and on the inner wall of the planting pit, and paving a filler consisting of one or more of zeolite, ceramsite and vermiculite on the first isolation layer at the bottom of the planting pit;

step S3, installing a temporary isolation pipe in the planting pit, wherein the temporary isolation pipe divides the inner cavity of the planting pit into an outer cavity and an inner cavity, the part of the first isolation layer, which is in contact with the inner wall of the planting pit, is located in the outer cavity, and the inner cavity is located in an inner ring of the temporary isolation pipe;

step S4, laying a second isolation layer along the inner wall and the bottom wall of the inner cavity;

step S5, filling the inner chamber with extra soil;

step S6, drawing out the temporary isolation pipe fitting, and filling the groove formed after the temporary isolation pipe fitting is drawn out with filler to form a complete filter layer;

and step S7, planting the nursery stock in the foreign soil.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use the interior chamber that the hole will be planted to the temporary isolation pipe fitting to separate into outer cavity and interior chamber, accomplish laying of second isolation layer and foreign soil in the interior chamber earlier, after filling up foreign soil, take out the isolation pipe fitting, will form the recess that supplies the filler to fill between foreign soil and the planting hole inner wall, fill the recess with the filler this moment, first isolation layer receives the inner wall support of planting the hole, and the second isolation layer receives the support of foreign soil, make the filler can receive the restriction and finally form the filter layer, accelerate the progress of preparing work before planting.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in step S4, a degradable string bag is installed between the temporary partition pipe and the second partition layer.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the string bag reduces the area of contact between temporary isolation pipe fitting and the second isolation layer, reduces the friction that the temporary isolation pipe fitting caused the second isolation layer when inserting the planting hole or taking out the planting hole, reduces the possibility that the damage appears in the second isolation layer.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in step S6, before the temporary isolation pipe is pulled out, the string bag is fixed in the soil and is tensioned.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the string bag hugs closely the second isolation layer on the soil lateral wall of leaving, when adding the filler, is that string bag and second isolation layer are difficult for appearing dropping on the one hand, and on the other hand reduces the occupation of second isolation layer to the recess, makes the filler fill the recess after, the difficult space that appears between second isolation layer and the soil of leaving improves the isolation effect of second isolation layer.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the temporary isolation pipe fitting comprises two first plug boards arranged in parallel and two second plug boards connected between the two first plug boards, two slots are formed in the opposite side faces of the two first plug boards, and the end portions of the two second plug boards in the same direction are respectively inserted into the two slots of the first plug boards on the corresponding sides.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the temporary isolation pipe fitting is installed, the first plug board is inserted firstly and then the second plug board is inserted, and when the temporary isolation pipe fitting is dismantled, the second plug board is pulled out firstly and then the first plug board is pulled out; in these two processes, no matter the frictional force that second plugboard or first plugboard received is less than whole temporary isolation pipe fitting, makes the dismouting of first plugboard and second plugboard more convenient, and the damage that causes first isolation layer and second isolation layer is lower.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in step S1, four engaging grooves are dug on the inner wall of the planting pit, the four engaging grooves are all arranged along the depth direction of the planting pit, and two engaging grooves are respectively used for fixing two first inserting plates.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make things convenient for first plugboard to fix to planting on the hole, when filling in the foreign soil, the extrusion of foreign soil to first plugboard can transmit on the inner wall of joint groove, and the inner wall in joint groove transmits this pressure to near salt alkali ground again to make first plugboard can support filling in of foreign soil.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in step S1, a reservoir and a plurality of drainage ditches are excavated, and a plurality of planting holes are excavated adjacent to each other at equal intervals along the length direction of the drainage ditches.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the cistern can in time send into the cistern with the rainwater in, collects the water resource to reduce the rainwater and assemble at the earth's surface, bring the salinity of earth's surface into planting the hole in order to reduce the rainwater.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in step S1, a circular water blocking groove is dug in the circumferential direction of the planting hole, the water blocking groove communicating with a neighboring drainage ditch.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, hinder the basin and can further reduce the surface water and bring into the planting hole with the salinity, enter into the water that hinders in the basin and can also discharge into the escape canal fast.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the maximum depth of the drainage ditch is greater than the depth of the planting pits.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the great time of rainfall, the escape canal can hold more water, and the water in escape canal is difficult to flow backward to the basin that blocks water to the condition that takes place to flow backward in the planting hole is reduced.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: a step S11 is also provided between the step S1 and the step S2; step S11: and arranging a water irrigation system, combining with the planting pits, and laying corresponding sprinkling irrigation pipelines.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the nursery stock was just planted down, the sprinkling irrigation pipeline watered fresh water for the nursery stock, and after the nursery stock growth, the sprinkling irrigation pipeline reused the water that contains certain salinity and waters, and the form of sprinkling irrigation has the water conservation volume, does not destroy soil structure and does not receive advantages such as topography restriction.

In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. by changing the construction steps, the filling of the foreign soil is completed firstly, and then the filter layer is arranged, so that the damage to the second isolation layer in the filter layer arrangement process is reduced, and the progress of preparation work before planting is accelerated;

2. the detachable temporary isolation pipe fittings are arranged, so that the disassembly and the assembly are convenient, and the landfill and the shaping of the foreign soil are facilitated;

3. through setting up the escape canal, hindering the basin, the salt that reduces saline and alkaline land enters into the possibility of planting the hole through the mode that the surface water flows, is favorable to the growth of nursery stock.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a temporary isolation pipe in the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a planting pit with the temporary isolation tube installed into the planting pit according to an embodiment;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the planting pit after the filter layer is completely filled in the embodiment.

In the figure, 1, planting pits; 11. a clamping groove; 12. an outer chamber; 13. an inner chamber; 2. a drainage ditch; 3. a water blocking tank; 4. a reservoir; 5. a spray irrigation pipeline; 6. temporarily isolating the pipe fitting; 61. a first patch panel; 611. a slot; 62. a second patch panel; 7. a net bag; 8. a first isolation layer; 9. a second isolation layer; 10. a filter layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention discloses a nursery stock planting method, which comprises the following steps:

step S1: and excavating a planting pit 1.

Referring to fig. 1, after the determination of the planting area, a plurality of gutters 2 are dug according to the planned route so that the drainage capacity of all the gutters 2 can affect the entire planting area as much as possible. The reservoir 4 is excavated at a position where the topography of the planting area is low, and all the drainage ditches 2 are directly or indirectly communicated with the reservoir 4. The main function of the gutters 2 is to collect rainwater that falls into the growing area and to collect and store it into the reservoir 4. The inner wall and the bottom of escape canal 2 can be sealed by brick-laying to reduce the rainwater and to the both sides of escape canal 2 and the soil infiltration of below, can also lay the pipeline in escape canal 2 and drain water in the comparatively deficient area of water resource even, further reduce the evaporation capacity of the water in escape canal 2. Also on the reservoir 4, a sun visor may be provided to reduce evaporation of water.

A plurality of planting holes 1 are dug along the length direction of the drainage ditch 2 at adjacent equal intervals, the hole openings of the planting holes 1 are circular, and the size of the planting holes 1 can accommodate the root systems of mature seedlings. The depth of the planting pits 1 is smaller than that of the corresponding drainage ditch 2. A ring-shaped water blocking groove 3 is dug out in the circumferential direction of the planting pit 1, and the water blocking groove 3 is communicated with an adjacent drainage ditch 2.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, then, four clamping grooves 11 are dug out on the inner wall of the planting pit 1, the four clamping grooves 11 are all arranged along the depth direction of the planting pit 1, and one end, far away from the bottom of the planting pit 1, of each clamping groove 11 extends to the ground. The four clamping grooves 11 are distributed in four corners. And the notches of the two clamping grooves 11 are arranged oppositely.

Step S11: and arranging a water irrigation system.

Referring to fig. 1, corresponding sprinkling irrigation pipelines 5 are laid in combination with the distribution of the planting pits 1, so that one sprinkling irrigation pipeline 5 can carry out sprinkling irrigation for a plurality of planting pits 1 along the way. Fresh water is supplied to the irrigation pipe 5 from an external water source for the first months, and after the seedlings have matured, the irrigation pipe 5 is supplied with water from the reservoir 4. If the salt content of the water in the water storage tank 4 is too high, the sprinkling irrigation can be carried out by mixing fresh water.

Step S2: the bottom and the inner wall of the planting pit 1 and the inner wall of the clamping groove 11 are respectively paved with a first isolating layer 8.

Referring to fig. 3, the first isolation layer 8 may be a non-woven fabric, a grass grid, or a degradable plastic cloth. Laying a filler consisting of one or more of zeolite, ceramsite and vermiculite on the first isolation layer 8 at the bottom of the planting pit 1 to form a preliminary filtering layer 10; the middle part of the first isolation layer 8 is fixed in the planting pit 1 by the filler, and then the part of the first isolation layer 8 paved on the side wall of the top of the planting pit 1 is fixed on the side wall of the top of the planting pit 1 by a wood wedge. Both the wood wedge and the first isolation layer 8 can be decomposed by natural environment after a period of time, and the environment is not polluted. And before first isolation layer 8 does not decompose, first isolation layer 8 can play the effect of isolation salinity, reduces the salinity of saline and alkaline land and enters into in planting hole 1.

Step S3: a temporary isolation pipe fitting 6 is installed in the planting pit 1.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the temporary isolation tube 6 includes two first socket plates 61 arranged in parallel and two second socket plates 62 connected between the two first socket plates 61, two slots 611 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the two first socket plates 61, and ends of the two second socket plates 62 in the same direction are respectively inserted into the two slots 611 of the first socket plates 61 on the corresponding sides. The length of the first plug board 61 and the second plug board 62 is larger than the depth of the planting pit 1. When the temporary isolation pipe fitting 6 is installed in the planting pit 1, the first inserting plate 61 is inserted into the corresponding clamping groove 11, and then the second inserting plate 62 is connected with the first inserting plate 61. A plurality of straight rods are fixedly connected to the end parts of the first inserting plate 61 and the second inserting plate 62 departing from the planting pit 1. The first plugging plate 61 is not in contact with the first isolation layer 8 except for the end portion in the clamping groove 11. The temporary isolation pipe fitting 6 divides the inner cavity of the planting pit 1 into four outer chambers 12 and an inner chamber 13, and the cross section of the inner chamber 13 is square. The volume of the inner chamber 13 occupies more than 2/3 of the volume of the inner chamber of the planting pit 1 so as to ensure that the growth of the root system of the nursery stock is not limited after the nursery stock is planted.

Step S4: the net bag 7 and the second isolation layer 9 are laid in the inner chamber 13.

Referring to fig. 3, the string bag 7 is wrapped outside the second insulation layer 9 and is in full contact with the inner wall of the temporary insulation pipe 6. String bag 7 also is made for degradable plastics, and second isolation layer 9 is the same with the composition of first isolation layer 8, and second isolation layer 9 is fixed on string bag 7 through gluing or the mode of ligature. The edge of the net bag 7 is hooked on the straight rod so that the net bag 7 is fixed with the top of the temporary isolation pipe fitting 6, and the net bag 7 can keep the opening state of the inlet.

Step S5: soil is poured into the inner chamber 13 from the inlet of the string bag 7.

When filling the foreign soil, the second isolation layer 9 is pressed on the inner wall of the temporary isolation pipe 6, so as to reduce the gap between the second isolation layer 9 and the temporary isolation pipe 6. Finally, the inner chamber 13 is filled with soil.

Step S6: the overall laying of the filter layer 10 is completed.

Referring to fig. 4, the edge of the string bag 7 is taken down from the straight rod of the temporary isolation pipe 6 and fixed on the soil by a tool such as a wood wedge or a round rod, so that the string bag 7 is tensioned. And then the second inserting plate 62 and the first inserting plate 61 are drawn out of the planting pit 1 in sequence. The groove formed after the temporary partition tube 6 is drawn out is filled with a filler to form the complete filter layer 10. After the net bag 7 and the second isolation layer 9 are clamped between the filter layer 10 and the alien soil, the net bag 7 can be disconnected with the top of the alien soil, and a fixing tool can be taken back.

Step S7: planting the nursery stock in the foreign soil.

Watering the seedlings for the first time in the same day of planting, watering the seedlings for the second time after three days, and watering the seedlings for the third time in the tenth day to ensure that the seedlings survive. The nursery stock in this embodiment is preferably a saline-alkali resistant nursery stock, such as tamarix chinensis, fraxinus chinensis, robinia pseudoacacia, ulmus pumila, amorpha fruticosa, salix chinensis, ligustrum lucidum, trifolium repens, ziziphus jujuba, hibiscus hamabo, robinia pseudoacacia, hippophae rhamnoides, populus midrifolia, toona sinensis, euonymus fortunei, euonymus alatus, lycium barbarum, angelica sinensis, prunus cerasifolia, and the like.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A nursery stock planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step S1, digging a planting pit (1);

s2, paving first isolation layers (8) at the bottom and on the inner wall of the planting pit (1), and paving fillers composed of one or more of zeolite, ceramsite and vermiculite on the first isolation layers (8) at the bottom of the planting pit (1);

step S3, installing a temporary isolation pipe fitting (6) in the planting pit (1), wherein the temporary isolation pipe fitting (6) divides the inner cavity of the planting pit (1) into an outer cavity (12) and an inner cavity (13), the part of the first isolation layer (8) contacted with the inner wall of the planting pit (1) is positioned in the outer cavity (12), and the inner cavity (13) is positioned in the inner ring of the temporary isolation pipe fitting (6);

s4, laying a second isolation layer (9) along the inner wall and the bottom wall of the inner chamber (13);

step S5, filling the inner chamber (13) with extra soil;

step S6, drawing out the temporary isolation pipe fitting (6), and filling the groove formed after the temporary isolation pipe fitting (6) is drawn out with filler to form a complete filter layer (10);

s7, planting the nursery stock in the foreign soil;

wherein, in step S4, a degradable string bag (7) is installed between the temporary isolation pipe (6) and the second isolation layer (9);

in step S6, before the temporary isolation pipe fitting (6) is drawn out, the net bag (7) is fixed in the soil, and the net bag (7) is tensioned;

the temporary isolation pipe fitting (6) comprises two first plug boards (61) arranged in parallel and two second plug boards (62) connected between the two first plug boards (61), two slots (611) are formed in the opposite side faces of the two first plug boards (61), and the end parts of the two second plug boards (62) in the same direction are respectively inserted into the two slots (611) of the first plug boards (61) on the corresponding side;

in step S1, four engaging grooves (11) are dug on the inner wall of the planting pit (1), the four engaging grooves (11) are all arranged along the depth direction of the planting pit (1), and every two engaging grooves (11) are respectively used for fixing two first inserting plates (61).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of growing the seedlings comprises: in step S1, a reservoir (4) and a plurality of drainage ditches (2) are excavated, and a plurality of planting holes (1) are excavated in the length direction of the drainage ditches (2) at equal intervals.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of growing the seedlings comprises: in step S1, a circular water blocking groove (3) is dug out in the circumferential direction of the planting pit (1), and the water blocking groove (3) is communicated with a neighboring drainage ditch (2).

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of growing the seedlings comprises: the maximum depth of the drainage ditch (2) is greater than the depth of the planting pit (1).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of growing the seedlings comprises: a step S11 is also arranged between the step S1 and the step S2; step S11: arranging a water irrigation system, and laying a corresponding sprinkling irrigation pipeline (5) by combining the planting pits (1).