CN111024927A - Ectopic detection device and method for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil - Google Patents
Ectopic detection device and method for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111024927A CN111024927A CN202010004939.0A CN202010004939A CN111024927A CN 111024927 A CN111024927 A CN 111024927A CN 202010004939 A CN202010004939 A CN 202010004939A CN 111024927 A CN111024927 A CN 111024927A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Sb] Chemical compound [Mo].[Sb] WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- WZRRZVUZWWMSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-naphthalen-1-ylethane-1,2-diamine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC=C2C(NCCN)=CC=CC2=C1 WZRRZVUZWWMSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
- G01N1/31—Apparatus therefor
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Abstract
The application provides an ectopic detection device and a detection method of nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, through the cooperation of a leaching solution storage tank, a leaching soil filter and a leaching solution storage tank, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil to be detected in a soil filter layer can be washed out in a leaching mode, and then the characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus leaching of the soil can be determined by measuring the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus in the original soil to be detected. In the ectopic detection device and the detection method for the nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, the distilled water directly passes through the soil to be detected, so that the detection is not influenced by various external factors such as rainfall, soil type and fertilizing amount, and the influence of various different influence factors on the nitrogen and phosphorus eluviation characteristics of the soil can be conveniently researched. In addition, because the distilled water directly passes through the soil to be tested, the testing conditions can be changed conveniently, and the operation flexibility is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution, in particular to an ectopic detection device and method for nitrogen and phosphorus polluted soil.
Background
The water eutrophication refers to the phenomenon of water quality pollution caused by excessive content of nutrient salts such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water. The main reason for this phenomenon is the discharge of a large amount of domestic sewage containing a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, which results in the degradation of organic matters in the water body to release nutrient elements, and promotes the clustering of algae and the overgrowth of plants in the water body, even the water body to have an oxygen-free layer. Under the condition of serious water eutrophication, a large number of aquatic plants die, the water surface blackens, and the water body smells to form a dead lake, a dead river and a dead sea, so that the water body develops into a marsh.
Nitrogen and phosphorus are main pollutants causing eutrophication of water bodies, and the main source of the nitrogen and phosphorus is nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer excessively applied to farmland soil. The process that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers which are not absorbed in the soil permeate into underground water along with rainfall and are further discharged into lakes and rivers is called nitrogen and phosphorus eluviation. The leaching of nitrogen in farmland soil is mainly performed by nitrate nitrogen, and the leaching of phosphorus is mainly performed by a combined state. With the washing of soil particles, there are also available phosphorus that is partially soluble in soil.
The characteristic of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil can be obtained by an in-situ leaching detection method. However, the leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil is affected by various factors such as rainfall, soil type and fertilizing amount, and the existing in-situ leaching detection method cannot flexibly change detection conditions, and further cannot study the influence of different factors on the leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ectopic detection device and method for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, and aims to solve the problem that the existing in-situ leaching detection method cannot flexibly change detection conditions.
The invention provides a heterotopic detection device for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, which comprises: the leaching solution storage tank, the leaching soil filter and the leaching solution storage water tank are sequentially communicated;
the leaching solution storage tank is arranged in the direction of the leaching solution storage water tank, and the leaching solution soil filter comprises a spraying pipe, a leaching solution chamber, a fine sand covering layer, a soil filtering layer, a bearing layer, a filter plate and filter head assembly and a filtrate collection chamber; the spraying pipe is communicated with the leachate storage tank, and the filtrate collecting chamber is communicated with the leachate storage tank.
Preferably, the leaching solution storage tank comprises a leaching solution tank body, a liquid inlet (102) positioned at the top of the leaching solution tank body and a liquid outlet pipe positioned at the bottom of the leaching solution tank body; the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the spraying pipe.
Preferably, a flow control valve is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe.
Preferably, the leachate storage water tank comprises a connecting pipe and an leachate tank body, and the connecting pipe is respectively communicated with the filtrate collection chamber and the leachate tank body; the leachate box side wall bottom is equipped with the sampling tube, leachate box bottom is equipped with the evacuation pipe.
Preferably, the supporting layer is quartz sand, and the particle size of the quartz sand is 2-4 mm.
Preferably, the spraying pipes are arranged in a non-inverted shape, and the distance between two adjacent spraying pipes is 100 mm; the spraying pipes are provided with spray holes, the spray holes face the fine sand covering layer, and the spray holes and the spraying pipes are alternately arranged at an angle of 45 degrees.
Preferably, the soil filter layer is soil to be detected, and the particle size of the soil to be detected is 1-3 mm.
The invention provides an ectopic detection method of nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps:
determining the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the air-dried soil to be detected;
pouring distilled water into a leaching solution storage tank and putting the leaching solution storage tank into a leaching soil filter;
the distilled water controls the flow rate according to rainfall amount and then sequentially passes through a spraying pipe, a leaching liquid chamber, a fine sand covering layer, a soil filtering layer, a supporting layer and a filter plate and filter head assembly to form leaching liquid; leaching once every 1 day for 6 times; the soil filter layer is the soil to be detected;
the leachate enters an leachate storage water tank through a filtrate collecting chamber;
collecting the leachate in the leachate storage water tank by using a collector with volume scales until the outflow flow of the leachate is less than 2 ml/h;
measuring the volume of the leachate and the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and granular phosphorus;
and after the particles in the soil filter layer are air-dried, measuring the total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can have the following beneficial effects:
in the ectopic detection device and the detection method for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, through the cooperation of the leaching solution storage tank, the leaching solution soil filter and the leaching solution storage tank, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil to be detected in the soil filter layer can be washed out in a leaching mode, and then the characteristic of nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in the soil can be determined by measuring the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus in the original soil to be detected. In the ectopic detection device and the detection method for the nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, the distilled water directly passes through the soil to be detected, so that the detection is not influenced by various external factors such as rainfall, soil type and fertilizing amount, and the influence of various different influence factors on the nitrogen and phosphorus eluviation characteristics of the soil can be conveniently researched. In addition, because the distilled water directly passes through the soil to be tested, the testing conditions can be changed conveniently, and the operation flexibility is strong.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ectopic detection device for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the symbols represent:
1-a leaching solution storage tank, 101-a leaching solution tank body, 102-a liquid inlet, 103-a liquid outlet pipe and 104-a flow control valve;
2-leaching soil filter, 201-spraying pipe, 202-leaching liquid chamber, 203-fine sand covering layer, 204-soil filtering layer, 205-supporting layer, 206-filter plate and filter head assembly, 207-filtrate collecting chamber;
3-an leachate storage water tank, 301-a connecting pipe, 302-an leachate tank body, 303-a sampling pipe and 304-an emptying pipe; 305-sampling tube control valve, 306-evacuation control valve.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an ectopic detection device for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 1, the ectopic detection device for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil provided by the embodiment of the application comprises an eluviation liquid storage tank 1, an eluviation soil filter 2 and an eluviation liquid storage tank 3 which are sequentially communicated with each other. The leaching solution storage tank 1 is a device for collecting leaching solution, the leaching soil filter 2 is a device for filtering leaching solution, and the leaching solution storage tank 3 is a device for collecting filtered leaching solution.
Specifically, the leaching solution storage tank 1 includes a leaching solution tank 101, a liquid inlet 102 located at the top of the leaching solution tank 101, and a liquid outlet pipe 103 located at the bottom of the leaching solution tank 101, wherein the liquid outlet pipe 103 is communicated with the spraying pipe 201. The leaching solution storage tank 1 is mainly used for injecting distilled water into the leaching solution storage tank so that the distilled water enters the leaching solution soil filter 2 to flush nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the soil filtering layer 204 to form leaching solution. Further, a flow control valve 104 is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 103 so as to control the speed of the distilled water entering the leaching soil filter 2. The size of the leaching solution tank 101 can be determined according to actual production conditions.
From the leaching solution storage tank 1 to the leaching solution storage tank 3, the leaching soil filter 2 includes a spray pipe 201, a leaching solution chamber 202, a fine sand cover 203, a soil filter layer 204, a support layer 205, a filter plate and filter head assembly 206, and a filtrate collection chamber 207. The spraying pipe 201 is a member for uniformly spraying distilled water on the fine sand cover 203, etc., and is connected to the outflow end of the liquid outlet pipe 103 to realize the connection between the leaching solution tank 1 and the leaching soil filter 2 and the transfer of the material. Preferably, the diameter of the spraying pipes 201 is 32mm, the spraying pipes 201 are arranged in a non-inverted shape, and the distance between two adjacent spraying pipes 201 is 100 mm. Each of the spray pipes 201 is located on the same horizontal plane so that the distilled water is uniformly distributed in the spray pipes 201. The spraying pipe 201 is provided with spraying holes, the aperture of each spraying hole is 6-8mm, and the distance between every two adjacent spraying holes is 100 mm. The spray holes face the fine sand covering layer 203 and are arranged alternately at 45 degrees with the spray pipes 201.
The drip chamber 202 is located at the lower end of the spray pipe 201. When the spray pipe 201 sprays too much distilled water, the eluviation liquid chamber 202 serves to store the too much distilled water in advance. The fine sand coating 203 is composed of fine sand having a particle size of 0.6 to 1.2mm, and has a packing height of about 100mm for filtering impurities. The soil filter layer 204 is soil to be measured. The soil to be detected is ground into particles with the particle size of 1-3mm and then filled into the leaching soil filter 2 to form a soil filter layer 204. More preferably, the height of soil filtration layer 204 is 500 mm. When the distilled water flows through the soil filter layer 204, substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil to be detected can flow out along with the distilled water to form leachate. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus flowing out of the soil can be determined by measuring the leachate. The supporting layer 205 is used for supporting soil to be measured. In the examples of the present application, quartz sand having a particle size of 2 to 4mm is used, and the filling height thereof is 100 mm. The filter plate and filter head assembly 206 is comprised of a filter plate and a filter head. Wherein, the filter plate is the steel sheet, and its size can be confirmed according to the interior volume of eluviation soil filter 2. The filter head is arranged on the filter plate. Preferably, 64 filter heads are arranged on the filter plate, and the filter heads are short-handle filter heads so as to reduce the space occupation. The short-handle filter head in the embodiment of the application is prepared from ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), the length of the short-handle filter head is 146mm, the width of a gap is 0.25mm, and the width between two adjacent filter heads is 100 mm. The filtrate collecting chamber 207 is a part for collecting the leachate, and preferably, the height of the filtrate collecting chamber 207 is 300 mm. The filtrate collection chamber 207 in the embodiment of the present application communicates with the leachate storage tank 3, so that the leachate in the filtrate collection chamber 207 can be taken out through the leachate storage tank 3.
The leachate storage tank 3 comprises a connecting pipe 301 and an leachate tank body 302, wherein the connecting pipe 301 is respectively communicated with the leachate collection chamber 207 and the leachate tank body 302 to realize the communication between the leaching solution soil filter 2 and the leachate storage tank 3. The bottom of the side wall of the leachate tank 302 is provided with a sampling tube 303 so as to leave leachate through the sampling tube 303. An evacuation pipe 304 is provided at the bottom of the leachate tank 302, and the evacuation pipe 304 is used for evacuating unused and excess leachate. Preferably, a sampling tube control valve 305 is provided on the sampling tube 303 to control the opening and closing of the sampling tube 303. Similarly, an evacuation control valve 306 is disposed on the evacuation pipe 304 to control the opening and closing of the evacuation pipe 304.
Based on the ectopic detection device of nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil provided by the embodiment of the application, the embodiment of the application further provides an ectopic detection method of nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, and the method comprises the following steps:
s01: and (4) determining the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the air-dried soil to be detected.
And air-drying the soil to be detected. Determining the content of total nitrogen in the air-dried soil by adopting an open boiling distillation boric acid titration method; determining the content of nitrate nitrogen in the air-dried soil by adopting a colorimetric method of hydrochloric acid N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine after potassium chloride leaching; and (3) determining the total phosphorus content in the air-dried soil by adopting a molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry method after the sodium hydroxide is melted and digested.
S02: distilled water was poured into the leaching solution storage tank and into the leaching soil filter.
Distilled water is poured into the leaching solution storage tank 1 through the liquid inlet 102. The flow rate of the distilled water flowing through the outlet pipe 103 is controlled by the flow control valve 104 so that the distilled water enters the spray pipe 201 of the leaching soil filter 2 at a certain flow rate.
S03: the distilled water controls the flow rate according to rainfall amount and then sequentially passes through a spraying pipe, a leaching liquid chamber, a fine sand covering layer, a soil filtering layer, a supporting layer and a filter plate and filter head assembly to form leaching liquid; leaching once every 1 day for 6 times; the soil filter layer is the soil to be detected.
The distilled water entering the spray pipe 201 is uniformly sprayed into the leaching solution chamber 202, and then sequentially immersed into the fine sand cover layer 203, the soil filter layer 204, the support layer 205 and the filter plate and filter head assembly 207 to form leaching solution. In the embodiment of the application, an intermittent leaching method is adopted. Leaching according to rainfall according to meteorological data, controlling the filtration rate to be 10mm/h, leaching once every 1 day, and leaching for 6 times.
S04: and the leachate enters the leachate storage water tank through the filtrate collection chamber.
The leachate formed by each leaching is fed from filtrate collection chamber 207 through connecting tube 301 into leachate tank 302.
S05: and collecting the leachate in the leachate storage water tank by using a collector with volume scales until the outflow flow of the leachate is less than 2 ml/h.
A collector with volume scales is placed on the sampling pipe 303, the sampling pipe control valve 305 is opened, and then the leachate in the leachate storage water tank 3 is collected until the outflow flow of the leachate is less than 2 ml/h.
S06: and measuring the volume of the leachate and the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and granular phosphorus.
The volume of the resulting leachate and the content of particulate phosphorus were measured. Simultaneously, measuring the content of ammonia nitrogen in the leachate by adopting a Nashin reagent colorimetric method; measuring the content of nitrate nitrogen in the leachate by adopting an ultraviolet spectrophotometry; determining the content of total nitrogen in the leachate by adopting an alkaline potassium persulfate-ultraviolet spectrophotometry; and (3) determining the content of total phosphorus in the leachate by using a potassium persulfate digestion molybdenum-antimony anti-colorimetric method.
S07: and after the particles in the soil filter layer are air-dried, measuring the total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content.
After the six leaching processes, the soil particles in the soil filter layer 204 are taken out and air-dried. And (4) determining the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents in the air-dried soil particles.
And respectively calculating the total amount of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen and granular phosphorus lost by the soil to be detected in the leaching process according to the volume of the leaching solution and the measured contents of the ammonia nitrogen, the nitrate nitrogen, the total phosphorus and the granular phosphorus. And calculating the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the soil before leaching according to the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the air-dried soil to be detected and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the soil particles in the soil filter layer 204. According to the calculation result, the proportion of the total nitrogen, the nitrate nitrogen and the total phosphorus in the soil in the leaching process can be known.
In the ectopic detection device and the detection method for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil provided by the embodiment of the application, through the cooperation of the leaching solution storage tank 1, the leaching soil filter 2 and the leaching solution storage tank 3, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil to be detected in the soil filter layer 204 can be washed out in a leaching manner, and then the characteristic of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil can be determined by measuring the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus in the original soil to be detected. In the ectopic detection device and the detection method for the nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil, the distilled water directly passes through the soil to be detected, so that the detection is not influenced by various external factors such as rainfall, soil type and fertilizing amount, and the influence of various different influence factors on the nitrogen and phosphorus leaching characteristics of the soil can be conveniently researched. In addition, because the distilled water directly passes through the soil to be tested, the testing conditions can be changed conveniently, and the operation flexibility is strong.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an ectopic detection device of nitrogen phosphorus contaminated soil which characterized in that includes: the leaching solution storage tank (1), the leaching soil filter (2) and the leaching solution storage water tank (3) are communicated in sequence;
the direction from the leaching solution storage tank (1) to the leaching solution storage tank (3) is that the leaching solution soil filter (2) comprises a spraying pipe (201), a leaching solution liquid chamber (202), a fine sand covering layer (203), a soil filtering layer (204), a bearing layer (205), a filter plate and filter head assembly (206) and a filtering solution collecting chamber (207); the spraying pipe (201) is communicated with the leachate storage tank (1), and the filtrate collecting chamber (207) is communicated with the leachate storage tank (3).
2. The ectopic detection device for nitrogen-phosphorus contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the leaching solution storage tank (1) comprises a leaching solution tank body (101), a liquid inlet (102) positioned at the top of the leaching solution tank body (101) and a liquid outlet pipe (103) positioned at the bottom of the leaching solution tank body (101); the liquid outlet pipe (103) is communicated with the spraying pipe (201).
3. The device for detecting the ectopic position of nitrogen-phosphorus contaminated soil according to claim 2, wherein the liquid outlet pipe (103) is provided with a flow control valve (104).
4. The ectopic detection device for nitrogen-phosphorus contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the leachate storage water tank (3) comprises a connecting pipe (301) and an leachate tank body (302), and the connecting pipe (301) is respectively communicated with the filtrate collection chamber (207) and the leachate tank body (302); the bottom of the side wall of the leachate box body (302) is provided with a sampling tube (303), and the bottom of the leachate box body (302) is provided with a drain tube (304).
5. The device for detecting the ectopic position of nitrogen-phosphorus contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the supporting layer (205) is quartz sand, and the particle size of the quartz sand is 2-4 mm.
6. The device for detecting the ectopic position of nitrogen-phosphorus contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the spraying pipes (201) are arranged in a non-inverted shape, and the distance between two adjacent spraying pipes (201) is 100 mm; the spraying pipe (201) is provided with spraying holes, the spraying holes face the fine sand covering layer (203), and the spraying holes and the spraying pipe (201) are alternately arranged at an angle of 45 degrees.
7. The device for detecting the ectopic soil polluted by nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, wherein the soil filter layer (204) is soil to be detected, and the particle size of the soil to be detected is 1-3 mm.
8. An ectopic detection method for nitrogen and phosphorus contaminated soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the air-dried soil to be detected;
pouring distilled water into a leaching solution storage tank and putting the leaching solution storage tank into a leaching soil filter;
the distilled water controls the flow rate according to rainfall amount and then sequentially passes through a spraying pipe, a leaching liquid chamber, a fine sand covering layer, a soil filtering layer, a supporting layer and a filter plate and filter head assembly to form leaching liquid; leaching once every 1 day for 6 times; the soil filter layer is the soil to be detected;
the leachate enters an leachate storage water tank through a filtrate collecting chamber;
collecting the leachate in the leachate storage water tank by using a collector with volume scales until the outflow flow of the leachate is less than 2 ml/h;
measuring the volume of the leachate and the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and granular phosphorus;
and after the particles in the soil filter layer are air-dried, measuring the total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content.
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