CN111019186B - Ordered porous structure material based on common crystalline polymer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ordered porous structure material based on common crystalline polymers and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of ordered porous structure materials. The method protects the high-energy crystal face of the polyvinylidene fluoride by using a composite seed crystal having an affinity effect on the polyvinylidene fluoride, and reducing the crystal face can prevent disordered aggregation and make the crystal develop along a one-dimensional direction. The invention utilizes the special affinity between the compound crystal seed and the polyvinylidene fluoride incompletely fluorinated molecular chain to realize the control of the molecular conformation of the polyvinylidene fluoride during molding, thereby controlling the molecular chain folding and aggregation mode during crystallization. This method can control the number of polyvinylidene fluoride nucleation, and use the steric hindrance of the seed crystal and the protection of specific crystal planes to obtain directional aggregation of high-energy crystal planes, combined with the interface effects and shearing effects in the product molding process, In this way, the directional assembly of polyvinylidene fluoride crystal planes is obtained, and a porous polyvinylidene fluoride polymer material product composed of ordered nanofiber crystals is formed.

Description

Ordinary crystalline polymer based ordered porous structure material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of ordered porous structure materials, in particular to an ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers and a preparation method of the material.

Background technique

Ordered porous material refers to a material that has micropores, and the micropores are arranged in an orderly manner on the surface and internal space of the material. The size of the micropores can be adjusted from nanometers to micrometers.

Porous films with ordered surfaces are a kind of porous materials and can be applied to catalyst supports, filter membranes, dialysis membranes, template materials, optical materials, biomedical materials, and superhydrophobic surfaces. Therefore, it has been highly valued by the international physics, chemistry and materials science circles once it appeared, and has rapidly developed into one of the interdisciplinary research hotspots. In recent years, the research on ordered porous thin films has developed rapidly and has become a very active research field, which provides the possibility for further exploration of its applications.

Ordered porous materials can be prepared by photolithography, which has been widely studied and used as a traditional micro-nano processing method in the field of materials science. Photolithography techniques include electron beam etching, X-ray etching, scanning probe etching, and the like. Since the invention of photolithography technology, it has been the dominator of the semiconductor industry. It has developed rapidly in recent decades, and its resolution has been gradually improved. Its patterning technology can reach the nanometer level. However, as a process of decomposition and transformation from large to small, photolithography technology has disadvantages such as cumbersome process, high equipment requirements, and high cost, making it difficult to achieve large-scale production and application.

Template method is another effective way to prepare ordered porous structures. To put it simply, the template method is to fill and shape the original shape of the template and then remove it so that the material forms an ordered porous structure with a certain shape and structure. However, the template method itself has many deficiencies. Firstly, the source of the template is limited. Secondly, the removal of the template is not complete, which will cause more defects in the solvent and burning process. Moreover, the multi-void ordered material prepared by the template method still has insufficient thickness. uniformity problem.

The breath pattern method is another newly developed new method for preparing ordered porous structure materials. The gas-liquid contact surface condenses into water droplets. With the evaporation of the solvent, small water droplets are continuously generated on the surface of the polymer solution. The condensed water droplets are dispersed in the polymer, and they continue to interact with each other and finally arrange into a regular hexagonal lattice structure. It sinks under the action of gravity, and after the solvent volatilizes, the small water droplets gradually evaporate, and the polymer part originally occupied by the small water droplets forms holes and becomes an ordered film structure. The template used in the breath pattern method is the most common water, which is environmentally friendly and easy to obtain, and the experimental conditions are easy to control, but the film-forming strength is weak, and large-scale production and application are still difficult.

The ordered porous structure can also be carried out by self-assembly. Self-assembly refers to the basic structural units (molecules, nanomaterials, micron or larger scale substances) relying on the effects of non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic forces. A technique for spontaneous organization or aggregation into a stable, ordered structure. Compared with etching technology, self-assembly is a typical method for building ordered structures from small to large or from bottom to top. Although the self-assembly method can obtain an ordered porous structure more conveniently, the raw material molecules must have a special structural form to enable corresponding special interactions between molecules, such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, electrostatic forces, etc. The assembly can only be carried out after the interaction between them, so the choice of raw materials is greatly limited.

Obviously, because of the size effect of one-dimensional nanofibrous crystals, the porous products formed by one-dimensional nanocrystalline materials are outstanding in terms of porosity, pore connectivity and mechanical properties. Preparation studies and applied studies on their properties and functions are increasingly attracting great interest from academia and industry.

Crystallization is an efficient self-assembly process, which can directionally assemble disordered molecules into a variety of ordered forms. For small molecules, different from the traditional crystallization process (nucleation and growth mechanism), a mesogen theory is gradually accepted and utilized by researchers. The theory of mesogens points out that: first, multiple monomers (molecules or ions) aggregate to form nanocrystals (at this time, the interior of the grains may not completely reach the ordered state of crystals), and then orderly assemble to form crystals. The assembled monomers are not individual molecules or ions, but preliminary aggregates of them. The crystallization dynamics originate from the high surface energy of nanocrystals, and if the crystal grains have asymmetric structures or different crystal surface energies, one-dimensional directional aggregation often occurs.

Different from the crystallization of small molecules, the crystallization process of polymers with highly entangled molecular segments is more complicated, which has always been one of the challenging basic problems in the field of polymer physics. Polymer crystallization tends to form metastable lamellae with folded chains rather than directly to the most stable extended-chain crystals. Through slow crystallization from dilute solutions, lamellar single crystals of polymers can be obtained, thus realizing that polymer lamellae have a special important position in polymer crystal morphology. The special structure of polymer crystals, which is different from that of small molecule crystals, makes its research not only need to consider its crystallization thermodynamics, but also its kinetic process is particularly important.

In addition, in the study of polymer crystallization, even if nanocrystals can be used as an intermediate stage of crystallization, they are rarely directly observed, because for highly entangled macromolecular chains, it is difficult to form nanocrystals. The intermediate stage of the methionine is also extremely unstable, most of which are fleeting, and can rarely be captured, let alone the preparation and stable existence of products.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical issues

To sum up, how to provide a polymer crystalline porous material with a simple production process has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

(2) Technical solution

The first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a method for preparing a material with an ordered porous structure based on a common crystalline polymer, the method comprising:

The high-energy crystal plane of polyvinylidene fluoride is protected by a composite seed crystal that has an affinity for polyvinylidene fluoride, which can prevent the disordered aggregation of polyvinylidene fluoride crystallites by reducing the crystal plane of polyvinylidene fluoride, and make The crystallization of polyvinylidene fluoride develops along one-dimensional direction.

Optionally, the method includes the steps of:

Adding composite seeds with affinity to polyvinylidene fluoride into the polyvinylidene fluoride solution to make a casting solution;

Carry out a gel operation on the casting solution and make a gel film;

The gel film is washed and made into a polyvinylidene fluoride gel film with an ordered porous structure on the surface.

Optionally, after the casting solution is prepared, the casting solution is subjected to stress shearing to obtain oriented and ordered PVDF aggregates, and then the gel operation is performed.

Optionally, stress-shearing the cast solution by scraping or fiber extrusion operations;

And/or, the gel operation is performed in a coagulation bath.

Optionally, the composite seed crystal includes: soluble small molecular substances, rigid small molecular suspensions and polar organic molecular materials. The mass fraction of soluble small molecular substances is 30-60%, the mass fraction of rigid small molecular suspensions is 10-35%, and the mass fraction of polar organic molecules is 10-35%.

Optionally, the soluble small molecular substances include soluble inorganic salts and soluble organic small molecules, the rigid small molecular suspensions are insoluble solid particles, and the polar organic molecular materials are polar organic molecular materials chemically grafted on the surface of solid particles.

Optionally, polar organic molecular materials include: polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polyurethane, ethylene glycol-polyurethane-ethylene glycol copolymer, styrene and ethylene glycol copolymer, polyN- One or more of methylpyrrolidone, copolymer of N-methylpyrrolidone and N-methyl methacrylate; and/or, long-chain fatty amine or long-chain fatty acid soluble homopolymer or copolymer one or more;

The rigid small molecule suspension includes one or more of flake graphene, montmorillonite, transition metal sulfide, transition metal carbide, and cross-linked and cured organic resin particles;

Soluble organic small molecules include: C5-9 fatty acid ethylene glycol ester, C7-9 fatty acid diethylene glycol ester, diethylene glycol butyl ether, carbitol ester, propylene glycol carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, phthalic acid One or more of diethyl ester, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate.

Optionally, the molecular weight of the polar organic molecular material is between 200-1.0×10 ⁵ .

Optionally, the amount of the composite seed crystal added to the polyvinylidene fluoride solution is 1wt%-23wt%.

The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention also provides an ordered porous structure material based on a common crystalline polymer, the ordered porous structure material is prepared by the above-mentioned ordered porous structure material based on a common crystalline polymer be made of.

(3) Technical effects

The invention provides a method for preparing a material with an ordered porous structure based on a common crystalline polymer, and according to the method, a material with an ordered porous structure based on a common crystalline polymer is provided. In the present invention, the preparation method of the ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers uses composite seeds having an affinity for polyvinylidene fluoride to protect the high-energy crystal planes of polyvinylidene fluoride, by reducing the polyvinylidene fluoride The crystal face of ethylene can prevent the aggregation of polyvinylidene fluoride and make the crystallization of polyvinylidene fluoride develop along one-dimensional direction.

The invention utilizes the special affinity between the multifunctional composite seed and polyvinylidene fluoride incompletely fluorinated molecular chains to ensure the steric hindrance effect during processing and molding, and realize the control of polyvinylidene fluoride molecular conformation during molding, thereby Control the folding and aggregation of molecular chains during crystallization (that is, control the crystal structure and microscopic morphology). The invention can not only control the number of polyvinylidene fluoride nucleation, but also can use the steric hindrance of the seed crystal and the protection of the specific crystal plane to obtain the high-energy crystal plane of orientation aggregation, and combine the interface effect and shear in the molding process of the product function, so as to obtain the directional assembly of polyvinylidene fluoride crystal planes, and form porous polyvinylidene fluoride polymer material products composed of ordered nanofiber crystals.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor.

1 is an enlarged view of an ordered porous structure material prepared by a method for preparing an ordered porous structure material based on a common crystalline polymer in Example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the ordered porous structure material prepared by the preparation method of the ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers in Example 2 of the present invention;

3 is an enlarged view of the ordered porous structure material prepared by the preparation method of the ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers in Example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the ordered porous structure material prepared by the preparation method of the ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers in Example 4 of the present invention.

detailed description

The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

The present invention utilizes the multifunctional composite seed to control the crystallization degree, crystal type (crystal form) and microscopic crystal form of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and combines the interface effect in the thin film preparation process to complete the crystallization control in the PVDF phase transformation process .

Specifically, as an implementation mode, the special affinity between the multifunctional compound seed crystal of the present invention and the incompletely fluorinated molecular chain of PVDF is used to bring a chemical compound that can produce specific interactions to the PVDF molecular chain. The structure ensures the steric hindrance effect during processing and molding, and realizes the control of the molecular conformation of PVDF during molding, thereby controlling the folding and aggregation of molecular chains during crystallization, that is, the crystal structure and microscopic morphology. At this time, not only the number of PVDF nucleation can be controlled, but also the steric hindrance of the seed crystal and the protection of specific crystal planes can be used to obtain directional aggregation of high-energy crystal planes, combined with the interface effects and shearing effects in the product molding process, so that The oriented attachment to the PVDF crystal face is obtained to form a porous PVDF polymer material product composed of ordered nanofiber crystals.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a composite seed crystal capable of aggregating PVDF molecules is pre-added in the PVDF solution, which is reflected in that the composite seed crystal is composed of a variety of chemical materials, not only physically composited, but also through some chemical The reaction method is compounded. The composition includes not only soluble small molecular substances, rigid small molecular suspensions, but also polar organic molecular materials. Soluble small molecular substances can be divided into soluble inorganic salts and soluble organic small molecules; rigid small molecular suspensions are insoluble solid particles; polar organic molecular materials are polar macromolecular materials chemically grafted on the surface of solid particles.

In the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the composite seed crystal, the mass fraction of soluble small molecular substances is 30-60 wt%, the mass fraction of rigid small molecular suspensions is 10-35 wt%, and the mass fraction of polar organic molecules The mass fraction is 10-35wt%.

In the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the PVDF solution containing the composite seed crystal should be scraped at a speed of 1 m/s or more, or the above-mentioned speed should be used to extrude the fiber to obtain the corresponding shear stress, so that the PVDF aggregate containing The solution obtains the orientation corresponding to the shear stress, and immediately puts it into a coagulation bath (such as water), so that the PVDF aggregates crystallize and solidify, forming an ordered fiber crystal structure, preventing the aggregation of fiber crystals through the thickness of the film, and obtaining an ordered porous structure material .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the polar organic molecular material in the composite seed mainly includes polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polyurethane, ethylene glycol-polyurethane-ethylene glycol copolymer, styrene and ethylene Glycol copolymer (PS-b-PEG), poly N-methylpyrrolidone (PVP), copolymer of N-methylpyrrolidone and N-methyl methacrylate (PVP-b-PMMA-b-PVP), One or more of soluble homopolymers or copolymers such as long-chain aliphatic amines or long-chain fatty acids, the molecular weight is between 200-1.0×10 ⁵ .

Soluble small molecular substances include a certain amount of C _5-9 fatty acid ethylene glycol ester, C _7-9 fatty acid diethylene glycol ester, diethylene glycol butyl ether, carbitol ester, propylene glycol carbonate, γ-butyrolactone , Diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate and other small molecular organic compounds.

The composite seed crystal of the present invention can be miscible with common organic solvents within a certain range, and in the PVDF solution, can well gather PVDF molecules to form PVDF clusters, so as to ensure that under shear stress, it has a good Orientation effect, and it is not easy to be relaxed in a short time, so that in the curing process, an ordered fiber crystal is formed.

The main reason why nanofiber crystals can be obtained by using the multifunctional composite seed crystal of the present invention is that one or more chemical reagents in the composite seed crystal have special affinity with PVDF, which can protect some high-energy crystal faces, and the crystal faces can greatly reduced, cannot further develop or aggregate, and crystals develop along a one-dimensional direction.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the addition amount of the composite seed crystal in the PVDF solution is 1-23wt%.

Specifically, the present invention utilizes the special affinity between the multifunctional composite seed crystal and the incompletely fluorinated molecular chain of polyvinylidene fluoride to ensure the steric hindrance effect during processing and molding, and realize the molecular conformation of polyvinylidene fluoride during molding. Control, thereby controlling the folding and aggregation of molecular chains during crystallization (that is, controlling the crystal structure and microscopic morphology). The invention can not only control the number of polyvinylidene fluoride nucleation, but also can use the steric hindrance of the seed crystal and the protection of the specific crystal plane to obtain the high-energy crystal plane of orientation aggregation, and combine the interface effect and shear in the molding process of the product function, so as to obtain the directional assembly of polyvinylidene fluoride crystal planes, and form porous polyvinylidene fluoride polymer material products composed of ordered nanofiber crystals.

List several specific embodiments below, the present invention is further described:

Example 1

(1) Preparation of casting solution: Dissolve polyvinylidene fluoride powder in dimethylacetamide solvent, prepare a casting solution with a mass fraction of 10%, add 5% ester compound seeds, and place at 50°C Heating and stirring in a heating mantle for 1 hour to obtain a uniform and clear casting solution; then place the casting solution in an electric blast drying oven at 50°C for 2 hours to fully defoam and set aside;

(2) Preparation of gel film: Coat the obtained casting solution on a non-woven fabric in an electric blast drying oven at 50°C, and immerse it in a constant temperature water bath at 0°C under sealed conditions, and keep it for 24 hours to allow it to coagulate. The gel crystallizes to form a gel film;

(3) Post-treatment: Place the obtained gel film in methanol extractant and wash three times, the first washing time is 30min, the second washing time is 2h, and the third washing time is 24h. The washed gel film is dried to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride gel film with an ordered porous structure on the surface.

The polyvinylidene fluoride gel film prepared in Example 1 is shown in FIG. 1 .

Example 2

(1) Preparation of casting solution: Dissolve polyvinylidene fluoride powder and alcohol compound seed crystals in a mixed solvent of triethyl phosphate and the mass fraction of polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 8%, and the mass fraction of compound seed crystals The fraction is 4%, and then heated and stirred in a heating mantle at 100°C for 3 hours to obtain a uniform and clear casting solution; then put the casting solution in an electric blast drying oven at 100°C for 2 hours to fully defoamed, ready to use;

(2) Preparation of gel film: Scrape the obtained casting solution on a stainless steel plate in an electric blast drying oven at 100°C, immediately immerse it in a constant temperature water bath at 20°C, and keep it for 20 minutes to make the gel crystallize and form a gel film. Film;

(3) Post-treatment: Place the obtained gel film in methanol extractant and wash three times, the first washing time is 30min, the second washing time is 2h, and the third washing time is 24h. The polyvinylidene fluoride gel membrane after the washed gel is dried is a porous structure in which nanofiber crystals are arranged in order.

The polyvinylidene fluoride gel film prepared in Example 2 is shown in FIG. 2 .

Example 3

(1) Preparation of casting solution: dissolve polyvinylidene fluoride powder and phthalic acid diester composite seed in dimethylacetamide, the mass fraction of polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 12%, and the composite seed is 3%, then placed in a heating mantle at 80°C and heated and stirred for 3 hours to obtain a uniform and clear casting solution; then put the casting solution in an electric blast drying oven at 80°C for 2 hours to fully remove bubble, ready to use;

(2) Preparation of gel film: Scrape-coat the obtained casting solution on a stainless steel plate in an electric blast drying oven at 80°C, and immediately immerse it in a constant temperature water bath at 80°C, and keep it for 24 hours to make the gel crystallize and form gel film;

(3) Post-treatment: Place the obtained gel film in methanol extractant and wash three times, the first washing time is 30min, the second washing time is 2h, and the third washing time is 24h. The washed gel film is dried to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride gel film with an ordered porous structure on the surface.

The polyvinylidene fluoride gel film prepared in Example 3 is shown in FIG. 3 .

Example 4

(1) Preparation of casting solution: Dissolve polyvinylidene fluoride powder and ester compound seed crystal in dimethylformamide solvent, the mass fraction of polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 15%, the compound seed crystal is 2%, Then place it in a heating mantle at 50°C to heat and stir for 1 hour, so as to obtain a uniform and clear casting solution; then place the casting solution in an electric blast drying oven at 50°C for 2 hours to fully defoam it. use;

(2) Preparation of gel film: Scrape the obtained casting film in an electric blast drying oven at 50°C, and keep it in a constant temperature and humidity environment at 10°C and 60% humidity for 4 hours to induce phase separation by steam to form gel film;

(3) Post-treatment: Place the obtained gel film in methanol extractant and wash three times, the first washing time is 30min, the second washing time is 2h, and the third washing time is 24h. The washed gel film is dried to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride gel film with a bell-shaped porous spherical structure on the surface.

The polyvinylidene fluoride gel film prepared in Example 4 is shown in FIG. 4 .

A method for preparing ordered porous structure materials involved in the present invention utilizes the crystallization process of ordinary crystalline polymer solutions and effectively controls the crystallization degree, crystal type (crystal form) and microscopic crystal morphology of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) The multifunctional composite seed crystal adopts the commonly used solution phase separation method, combined with the ultra-thin film interface effect and space effect, has an ordered fiber crystal structure, and can effectively prevent the deformation and aggregation of fiber crystals, and finally form an ordered porous structure.

The special affinity between the multi-functional composite seed crystal adopted in the present invention and the incompletely fluorinated molecular chain of polyvinylidene fluoride ensures the steric hindrance effect during processing and molding in solution or molten state, and realizes the anti-toxicity of polyvinylidene fluoride during molding. The control of molecular conformation, so as to control the folding and aggregation of molecular chains during crystallization, that is, the crystal structure and microscopic morphology, which can not only control the number of polyvinylidene fluoride nucleation, but also use the steric hindrance of the seed crystal and the specific crystal plane The protection of high-energy crystal planes for directional aggregation, combined with the molding process of the product, to obtain directional assembly of polyvinylidene fluoride crystal planes, forming orderly arrayed nanofiber crystal materials, and at the same time using the film interface effect and solution phase separation principle, Prevent the later change of fiber crystals and obtain an ordered porous structure.

Specifically, one-dimensional polymer nanofibers are usually formed by drawing a polymer solution through external force, such as electrostatic force, high-speed wind force, etc., such as electrospinning and air spinning.

In the present invention, first of all, through in-depth research on the crystallization process of polymer solutions in the early stage, including the solution phase separation mechanism, polymer clustering, and the formation of mesogens, etc., the use of different properties of crystal nucleus induction, solvent and non-solvent interaction, combined The protection of the high-energy crystal faces of nanocrystals in the porous film formation process realizes segmental crystallization of polymers. Then, the ultra-thin film interface effect and space effect are used to realize interface nucleation and directional growth while restricting the growth of spherulites, and assemble to form an ordered nanofiber crystal structure. Alternatively, a variety of inducing factors and a solvent exchange process are used to conduct one-dimensional directional assembly through external force orientation and the geometric structure characteristics of nanocrystal planes, and nanofiber crystal arrays and other ordered structures are prepared.

The ordered porous structure membrane material can be used in high-efficiency filtration separation membranes, catalyst supports, structural color materials, biomedical materials, super-hydrophobic surfaces and the like.

Another main feature of the present invention is to shear the polyvinylidene fluoride solution with a certain stress, such as film scraping or fiber extrusion, to obtain a solution of polyvinylidene fluoride aggregates with a certain orientation, and put it into In the coagulation bath (such as water), the polyvinylidene fluoride aggregates are crystallized and solidified to form an ordered fiber crystal structure, and the aggregation of the fiber crystals is prevented by the thickness of the film to obtain an ordered porous structure material.

The seed crystals used in the present invention can be miscible with common organic solvents, and in polyvinylidene fluoride solution, polyvinylidene fluoride molecules can be well aggregated to form polyvinylidene fluoride clusters, so as to ensure , has a good orientation effect, and is not easy to be relaxed in a short time, so that an ordered fiber crystal is formed during the solidification process.

In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention Thoughts, there will be changes in specific implementation methods and application ranges. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for preparing an ordered porous structure material based on common crystalline polymers, characterized in that the method comprises steps: The high-energy crystal plane of polyvinylidene fluoride is protected by a composite seed crystal that has an affinity for polyvinylidene fluoride, which can prevent the disordered aggregation of polyvinylidene fluoride crystallites by reducing the crystal plane of polyvinylidene fluoride, and make Polyvinylidene fluoride crystals crystallize along one-dimensional direction; The composite seed crystal includes: soluble small molecular substances, rigid small molecule suspensions and polar organic molecules; the rigid small molecule suspensions are insoluble solid particles, and the polar organic molecules are chemically grafted on the solid particles Polar organic molecular materials on the surface; The polar organic molecules are: polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polyurethane, ethylene glycol-polyurethane-ethylene glycol copolymer, styrene and ethylene glycol copolymer, poly-N-methylpyrrolidone , one or more of copolymers of N-methylpyrrolidone and methyl methacrylate; and/or one or more of long-chain aliphatic amines or long-chain fatty acid soluble homopolymers or copolymers ; The soluble small molecular substances include soluble inorganic salts and soluble small organic molecules; the soluble small organic molecules are: C5-9 fatty acid ethylene glycol ester, C7-9 fatty acid diethylene glycol ester, diethylene glycol butyl ether , carbitol ester, propylene glycol carbonate, gamma-butyrolactone, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate one or more; The rigid small molecule suspension is one or more of flake graphene, montmorillonite, transition metal sulfide, transition metal carbide, and cross-linked and cured organic resin particles; The mass fraction of the soluble small molecular substances is 30-60%, the mass fraction of the rigid small molecular suspensions is 10-35%, and the mass fraction of the polar organic molecules is 10-35%. 2. The method for preparing an ordered porous structure material based on a common crystalline polymer according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: Adding composite seeds with affinity to polyvinylidene fluoride into the polyvinylidene fluoride solution to make a casting solution; Carry out a gel operation on the casting solution and make a gel film; The gel film is washed and made into a polyvinylidene fluoride gel film with an ordered porous structure on the surface. 3. the preparation method based on the ordered porous structure material of common crystalline polymer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, After the casting solution is prepared, stress shearing is performed on the casting solution to obtain oriented and ordered PVDF aggregates, and then gel operation is performed. 4. the method for preparing an ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers according to claim 3, characterized in that, Stress shearing the casting solution by scraping film or fiber extrusion operations; And/or, the gel operation is carried out in a coagulation bath. 5 . The method for preparing an ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the molecular weight of the polar organic molecules is between 200-1.0×10 ⁵ . 6. The method for preparing an ordered porous structure material based on an ordinary crystalline polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the addition amount of the composite seed crystal in the polyvinylidene fluoride solution is 1 wt % - 23 wt%. 7. A material with an ordered porous structure based on ordinary crystalline polymers, characterized in that it is prepared by the method for preparing an ordered porous structure material based on ordinary crystalline polymers according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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