CN111010935A

CN111010935A - Efficient sowing process

Info

Publication number: CN111010935A
Application number: CN202010063933.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 霍中洋; 张瑞宏; 张洪程; 奚小波; 戴其根; 金亦富; 许轲; 赵灿; 胡雅杰; 张剑峰; 沈辉
Original assignee: Yangzhou University
Current assignee: Yangzhou University
Priority date: 2020-01-20
Filing date: 2020-01-20
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-20
Also published as: CN111010935B

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient sowing process in the technical field of sowing, which comprises the following steps: (1) putting enough seeds into a sowing box; (2) the walking device drives into the field, the rotary cultivator operates firstly, and rotary tillage operation is carried out on the field; (3) pressing the field and simultaneously making a seed furrow; (4) a plurality of electric seed metering devices at the lower side of the seeding box automatically seed, and seeds are discharged into the opened seed ditches; (5) covering soil on the seeds; (6) a ditch managing device is used for managing ditches; (7) pressing and flattening the field; when the soil block floating device is used for sowing, gaps among soil blocks are leveled, seeds are not easy to sink among the soil blocks, and uniform growth of the seeds is guaranteed.

Description

Efficient sowing process

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an efficient sowing process.

Background

Crops such as rice, wheat and corn have a very important position in food production in China, and most areas in China still depend on the traditional cultivation method, so that the labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low. The direct seeding by machine is the simplest planting mode in the light rice cultivation technology, and the seeder directly influences the quality and cost of crop cultivation and the future quantification work.

In the prior art, a seeding method is that a seeding ditch is firstly opened, an electric seed sowing device on the lower side of a seeding box acts to discharge seeds into the seeding ditch, in the method, gaps among soil blocks are large, the seeds are easy to sink into the gaps among the soil blocks, the sinking depth of some seeds is large, the sinking depth of some seeds is shallow, the growth vigor is different, and the growth effect of the seeds is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an efficient sowing process, which solves the technical problem that seeds are easy to sink between soil blocks in the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: an efficient sowing process comprises the following steps:

(1) putting enough seeds into a sowing box;

(2) the walking device drives into the field, the rotary cultivator operates firstly, and rotary tillage operation is carried out on the field;

(3) pressing the field and simultaneously making a seed furrow;

(4) a plurality of electric seed metering devices at the lower side of the seeding box automatically seed, and seeds are discharged into the opened seed ditches;

(5) covering soil on the seeds;

(6) a ditch managing device is used for managing ditches;

(7) and (5) compacting and flattening the field.

As a further improvement of the invention, the depth of the seed groove is 1-3 cm.

As a further improvement of the invention, the furrowing depth of the furrowing device is 10-25 cm.

As a further improvement of the invention, the step (6) and the step (7) are carried out simultaneously.

In order to further improve the effect of reason ditch suppression, use reason ditch suppression mechanism to accomplish the action of step (6), reason ditch suppression mechanism is including rotationally connecting the connecting axle in the frame, be connected with the suppression subassembly on the connecting axle, the suppression subassembly includes side suppression roller one, middle suppression roller and side suppression roller two, leave between side suppression roller one and the middle suppression roller and manage ditch space one, leave between middle suppression roller and the side suppression roller two and manage ditch space two, two reason ditch wares of fixedly connected with in the frame, two reason ditch wares run through respectively in front and back direction and manage ditch space one and reason ditch space two, and the bottom side of reason ditch ware is less than the extreme lower position of side suppression roller one, and the bottom side of side suppression roller one, middle suppression roller and side suppression roller two flushes.

In order to further improve the reliability of the connection structure of the ditch arranging device, a fixed beam and a supporting beam are respectively and fixedly arranged on the machine frame in front of and behind the side press rolls, the front part of the ditch arranging device is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fixed beam, and the rear part of the ditch arranging device is fixedly connected to the lower side of the supporting beam.

In order to further improve the uniformity of soil distribution during ditching, the upper side of the fixed beam is fixedly connected with two soil separating plates, each soil separating plate comprises a first soil separating part and a second soil separating part which are integrated, the first soil separating part and the second soil separating part incline towards the left front and bend downwards, the second soil separating part inclines towards the right front and bends downwards, and the two soil separating plates respectively cover the positions of the first ditch arranging device and the second ditch arranging device in the length direction.

In order to reduce the resistance when the suppression is leveled, rotationally be connected with the axle of scraping in the frame of side suppression roller top, be connected with the subassembly of scraping on the axle of scraping.

In order to further reduce the resistance that the subassembly of scraping earth scraped earth, the subassembly of scraping earth includes a plurality of connecting plates of arranging in the scraping shaft outside, be connected with the scraper on the connecting plate, a plurality of scrapers are the spiral and arrange, and the scraper can scrape the earth on side press roll one, middle press roll and side press roll two.

As a further improvement of the invention, in the step (6), the two ditch arranging devices simultaneously arrange ditches, the first side press roller and the middle press roller complete the pressing and leveling work at two sides of one ditch arranging device, and the second middle press roller and the second side press roller complete the pressing and leveling work at two sides of the other ditch arranging device.

In the invention, the soil scraping shaft is driven to rotate by external power; when the ditch arranging and flattening mechanism is used for arranging and flattening a ditch, soil thrown backwards in front is dispersed towards the left side and the right side by the soil separating plate, so that the uniformity of soil quantity distribution is improved, the resistance of the ditch arranging device and the ditch arranging device during ditch arranging is reduced, the flatness of a land flattened by the pressing assembly is improved, the two ditch arranging devices are used for simultaneously arranging ditches on the field, the ditch arranging devices and the pressing assemblies are arranged in a dispersing way, the edge of the ditch arranging device I is ensured to be more neat by the side pressing roller I and the middle pressing roller, the edge of the ditch arranging device II is ensured to be more neat by the side pressing roller II and the middle pressing roller, and the ditch arranging effect and the flattening effect are better; simultaneously, the control scraper shaft rotates, and the scraper blade is the spiral and arranges, and the scraper blade is all the time scraping the earth on side compression roller one, side compression roller two and the middle compression roller, and the load is more even, reduces the resistance that the scraper blade scraped soil, reduces the rotatory energy consumption of scraper shaft, and the soil of scraping down falls, and the soil that does not scrape also can down fall under the effect of the soil of scraping, and the effect of scraping is better, reduces the suppression of suppression subassembly and levels the resistance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a rear view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a first perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a second perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.

The soil scarifying mechanism comprises a pressing assembly 1, a pressing roller II on the 101 side, a pressing roller I in the middle of 102, a pressing roller I on the 103 side, a furrow clearing device 2, a soil scraping assembly 3, a connecting plate 301, a soil scraping plate 302, a fastening piece 303, a soil scraping shaft 4, a rack 5, a fixing beam 6, a cutter holder 7, a soil loosening cutter 8, a soil covering shaft 9, a transmission box 10 in the middle, a soil dividing plate 11, a soil dividing part I1101, a soil dividing part II 1102, a supporting beam 12, a transmission belt 13, a connecting shaft 14, a furrow clearing space II 15 and a furrow clearing space I16.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An efficient sowing process comprises the following steps:

(1) putting enough seeds into a sowing box;

(3) compacting the field and simultaneously ditching;

(5) covering soil on the seeds;

(6) the ditch arranging device 2 is used for arranging ditches;

(7) pressing and flattening the field;

wherein, the depth of the seed ditch is 1-3cm, in the embodiment, the depth of the seed ditch is 2 cm;

the ditch arranging depth of the ditch arranging device 2 is 10-25 cm; in the embodiment, the depth of the ditch formed by the ditch arranging device 2 is preferably 15 cm;

and (4) simultaneously performing the step (6) and the step (7).

In order to further improve the effect of the furrow arrangement and pressing, the action of the step (6) is completed by using a furrow arrangement and pressing mechanism (shown in fig. 1-5), wherein the furrow arrangement and pressing mechanism comprises a connecting shaft 14 which is rotatably connected on the frame 5, a pressing assembly 1 is connected on the connecting shaft 14, the pressing assembly 1 comprises a first side pressing roller 103, a first middle pressing roller 102 and a second side pressing roller 101, a first furrow arrangement space 16 is reserved between the first side pressing roller 103 and the first middle pressing roller 102, a second furrow arrangement space 15 is reserved between the second middle pressing roller 102 and the second side pressing roller 101, two furrow arrangement devices 2 are fixedly connected on the frame 5, the two furrow arrangement devices 2 respectively penetrate through the first furrow arrangement space 16 and the second furrow arrangement space 15 in the front and back directions, the bottom sides of the furrow arrangement devices 2 are lower than the lowest position of the first side pressing roller 103, and the bottom sides of the first side pressing roller 103, the second middle pressing roller 102 and the second side pressing roller 101 are flush; a fixed beam 6 and a supporting beam 12 are respectively fixedly arranged on the rack 5 in front of and behind the side press roller I103, the front part of the ditch arranging device 2 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fixed beam 6, and the rear part of the ditch arranging device 2 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the supporting beam 12; two soil separating plates 11 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixing beam 6, each soil separating plate 11 comprises a first soil separating portion 1101 and a second soil separating portion 1102 which are arranged into a whole, the first soil separating portion 1101 and the second soil separating portion 1102 incline towards the left front and bend downwards, the second soil separating portion 1102 incline towards the right front and bend downwards, and the two soil separating plates 11 respectively cover the positions of the first ditch arranging device 2 and the second ditch arranging device 2 in the length direction.

In order to reduce the resistance when the suppression is leveled, rotationally be connected with scraping shaft 4 on the frame 5 of side suppression roller 103 top, be connected with scraping subassembly 3 on scraping shaft 4, scraping subassembly 3 includes a plurality of connecting plates 301 of arranging in the 4 outsides of scraping shaft, be connected with scraping board 302 on connecting plate 301, a plurality of scraping boards 302 are the spiral and arrange, scraping board 302 can scrape the earth on side suppression roller 103, middle suppression roller 102 and the side suppression roller two 101.

In the step (6), the two ditch arranging devices 2 simultaneously arrange ditches, the first side press roll 103 and the second side press roll 102 complete the pressing and leveling work of two sides of one ditch arranging device 2, and the second middle press roll 102 and the second side press roll 101 complete the pressing and leveling work of two sides of the other ditch arranging device 2.

According to the invention, a soil covering shaft 9 is rotatably connected to a machine frame 5 in front of a fixed beam 6, cutter holders 7 are connected to the soil covering shafts 9 in front of a first furrow sorter 2 and a second furrow sorter 2, a plurality of soil loosening cutters 8 are connected to the cutter holders 7, a soil separating plate 11 extends towards the direction of the soil loosening cutters 8, an intermediate transmission case 10 is fixedly connected to the machine frame 5, the intermediate transmission case 10 is in transmission connection with the soil covering shaft 9 (the prior art), and the soil covering shaft 9 extending out of the machine frame 5 is connected with a soil scraping shaft 4 through a transmission belt 13; when the ditch arranging and flattening mechanism is used for arranging and flattening a ditch, soil thrown backwards by the scarifier 8 is dispersed towards the left side and the right side by the soil separating plate 11, the uniformity of soil quantity distribution is improved, the resistance of the ditch arranging device 2 and the ditch arranging device 2 during ditch arranging is reduced, the flatness of the flattened soil of the flattening assembly 1 is improved, the two ditch arranging devices 2 simultaneously arrange ditches on the field, the ditch arranging devices 2 and the compacting assemblies 1 are arranged in a dispersing mode, the side compacting roller I103 and the middle compacting roller 102 ensure that the edges of the ditches of the ditch arranging device 2 in the ditch arranging space I16 are more neat, the side compacting roller II 101 and the middle compacting roller 102 ensure that the edges of the ditches of the ditch arranging device 2 in the ditch arranging space II 15 are more neat, and the ditch arranging effect and the flattening effect are better; meanwhile, the scraper shaft 4 is controlled to rotate, the scraper plates 302 are spirally arranged, the scraper plates 302 are always arranged on the soil on the first scraper side press roll 103, the second scraper side press roll 101 and the middle press roll 102, the load is more uniform, the scraping resistance of the scraper plates 302 is reduced, the energy consumption of rotation of the scraper shaft 4 is reduced, the scraped soil falls downwards, the un-scraped soil can also fall downwards under the action of the scraped soil, the scraping effect is better, and the pressing leveling resistance of the pressing assembly 1 is reduced; when the method is used for sowing, the seeds are pressed and the seed furrows are opened at the same time, gaps among the soil blocks are leveled, the seeds cannot be sunk into the gaps among the soil blocks, and the uniform growth of the seeds is ensured; soil is covered on the seeds, then the ditch arrangement and leveling are carried out, the ditch arrangement and leveling work is carried out simultaneously, and the ditch arrangement effect is good.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, the depth of the seed furrow and the depth of the furrow made by the furrow opener 2 are set according to actual needs, and are not limited to the preferred values given in the embodiments.

Claims

1. an efficient sowing technique, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) Put enough seeds into the sowing box;

(2) The traveling device drives into the field, and the rotary tiller operates first, and performs rotary tillage on the field;

(3) While suppressing the fields, open the seed ditches;

(4) Several electric seed meters on the lower side of the seeding box automatically discharge the seeds, and the seeds are discharged into the opened seed trenches;

(5) Cover the seeds with soil;

(6) Gutter management device;

(7) Suppression and leveling of fields.

2. a kind of high-efficiency seeding technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the depth of described seed groove is 1-3cm.

3. a kind of efficient seeding technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the depth of the ditch of described ditch arranger is 10-25cm.

4 . The high-efficiency seeding process according to claim 1 , wherein the step (6) and the step (7) are performed simultaneously. 5 .

5 . The high-efficiency seeding process according to claim 1 , wherein the action of step (6) is completed by using a ditch suppression mechanism, and the ditch suppression mechanism comprises a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the frame. 6 . , the connecting shaft is connected with a pressing component, the pressing component includes a side pressing roller 1, a middle pressing roller and a side pressing roller 2, there is a rational groove space between the side pressing roller 1 and the middle pressing roller, and the middle pressing roller Between the roller and the side pressing roller 2, there is a ditch space 2, and two ditch organizers are fixedly connected to the frame. The bottom side of the groover is lower than the lowest position of the side pressing roller 1, and the bottom sides of the side pressing roller 1, the middle pressing roller and the side pressing roller 2 are flush.

6. A high-efficiency seeding process according to claim 5, wherein a fixed beam and a supporting beam are respectively fixed on the frame in front of and behind the side pressing roller, and the front part of the ditch adjuster is fixedly connected On the underside of the fixed beam, the rear of the ditch organizer is fixedly connected to the underside of the support beam.

7 . The high-efficiency seeding process according to claim 6 , wherein two soil dividing plates are fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixed beam, and the soil dividing plates comprise an integrated soil dividing part 1 and 1 . 8 . Soil-division part 2, soil-division part 1 and soil-division part 2 are inclined toward the left front and bent downward, soil-division part 2 is inclined toward the right front and bent downward, and the two soil-division boards cover the ditch organizer respectively The position of the first and the second in the length direction.

8 . The high-efficiency seeding process according to claim 5 , wherein the frame above the side pressing roller 1 is rotatably connected with a scraping shaft, and the scraping shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. 9 . A scraper assembly is attached.

9 . The high-efficiency seeding process according to claim 8 , wherein the scraper assembly comprises a plurality of connecting plates arranged on the outside of the scraping shaft, the connecting plates are connected with scraping plates, and a plurality of scrapers are connected to the connecting plate. 10 . The soil plates are arranged in a spiral shape, and the moldboard can scrape off the soil on the side pressing roller 1, the middle pressing roller and the side pressing roller 2.

10 . The high-efficiency seeding process according to claim 8 , characterized in that, in the step (6), two furrowers manage the furrows at the same time, and one side pressing roller and two middle pressing rollers complete one furrowing device two. 11 . The crushing and leveling work on the side, the middle crushing roller and the side crushing roller 2 complete the crushing and leveling work on both sides of the other groover.