CN110932098B - Nanostructure active water ion generator and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a nanostructure active water ion generating device and application thereof. The device includes a discharge system, the discharge system includes an electrode, the electrode is a hollow cylindrical structure, the cross section of the hollow part is in the shape of a four-lobe, and the four-lobe shape is an axisymmetric shape , consists of a cross and four cones, the four cones are located at the four ends of the cross, and the sharp end of the cone is connected to the cross, the round butt end is away from the cross, and the center of the cross is located at the central axis of the electrode The application process is the process of using the device to treat the polyester fabric to make it hydrophilic. The nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention has a relatively high electric field strength, which can not only meet the needs of stable and efficient generation of nanostructure active water ions, but also increases the number of nanostructure active water ions generated, greatly improves the action efficiency, and also By adjusting various parameters, nanostructured active water ions of different sizes can be prepared, and the hydrophilic properties of polyester can also be significantly improved.

Description

Nanostructure active water ion generator and its application

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of post-processing of textile materials, and relates to a nanostructure active water ion generating device and its application.

Background technique

Polyester material has become one of the fastest growing synthetic fibers in the textile industry in recent years due to its excellent wash and abrasion resistance, good dimensional stability, wrinkle resistance and fast drying properties. However, compared to natural fibers such as cotton, polyester fibers are less hydrophilic, with a moisture regain of only 0.42% tested in a standard environment, compared to about 8.5% for cotton. Due to its poor hydrophilicity, the application of polyester materials is more restricted.

At present, the surface modification methods of polyester fiber mainly include chemical grafting method, high-energy ray radiation grafting method, ultraviolet light surface grafting method, plasma surface modification method, alkali treatment method, etc. However, among the above modification methods, the high-energy ray radiation grafting method, the ultraviolet light grafting method and the plasma surface modification method have higher requirements on the reaction equipment, reaction atmosphere and operators, and it is difficult to realize industrialized production. The cost of branch method is higher. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore efficient and feasible surface modification technologies for polyester fibers.

Nanostructured active water ion is a two-phase material structure in which nano-scale water droplets are wrapped with a large number of active oxygen components (including hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, etc.) and electrons. It has been successfully used in air purification, food preservation, Beauty and skin care and other fields. Nanostructured active water ion is a new type of environmental protection technology, based on the theory of electrostatic atomization, by applying high voltage to the liquid water supplied by the metal capillary, it forms a Taylor cone under the action of electrical shear stress and forms a charged jet from the apex The droplets continue to disperse under the interaction of Coulomb repulsion and surface tension, thereby forming nanostructured active water ions. The nanostructured active water ions contain a large number of active free radicals and have strong oxidative properties, which are expected to be used in the surface modification of polyester materials.

At present, the existing nanostructure active water ion generating devices on the market have the following problems:

(1) Most of the nanostructure active water ion generators supply liquid in the form of semiconductor condensation, which is prone to unstable liquid supply due to excessive or low external humidity;

(2) The existing nanostructure active water ion generating devices are all single-needle devices, with limited generation and low action efficiency;

(3) The electrodes of the existing nanostructure active water ion generating device are distributed in a ring shape, and the electric field intensity thereof is relatively low;

(4) The parameters of the existing nanostructure active water ion generating devices are all fixed values and single setting, and it is impossible to generate nanostructure active water ions of different sizes by changing the parameters of the generating device to meet the requirements of practical applications.

Therefore, a nanostructured water ion generator with stable liquid supply, high electric field strength, capable of generating nanostructured active water ions of different particle sizes and high action efficiency was studied, and it was applied to the hydrophilic modification of polyester. of great significance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of unstable liquid supply, low electric field strength, single size and low action efficiency of the nanostructured water ion generating device in the prior art, and to provide a nanostructured active water ion Generation device, and it is used in the hydrophilic finishing of polyester to improve the hydrophilic properties of polyester.

For achieving the above object, the scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

The nanostructure active water ion generating device includes a discharge system, the discharge system includes an electrode, the electrode is a hollow cylindrical structure, the cross section of the hollow part is in the shape of a four-lobed, and the four-lobed shape is composed of a cross and four cones, and the four cones The shape is located at the four ends of the cross shape, and the sharp end of the cone is connected to the cross shape, the round butt end is far away from the cross shape, and the center of the cross shape is located on the central axis of the electrode (when the center of the cross shape is set on the central axis of the electrode, The electric field is average and symmetrical, and the electric field distribution at this time is the most uniform and the effective utilization rate is the highest).

One of the technical problems solved by the present invention is that the electric field strength of the nanostructure water ion generating device in the prior art is low. The present invention mainly adopts a novel hollow cylindrical structure electrode by changing the annular electrode in the prior art. , which can effectively improve the electric field intensity distribution in the electrostatic atomization process to solve this problem. Compared with the ring-shaped electrode in the existing device, the electrode in the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention has higher efficiency, because the field strength of the ring-shaped electrode is mainly concentrated inside the ring, and The hollow cylindrical structure electrode proposed by this device has a special needle-point structure, which has a larger internal contact area compared with the ring-shaped electrode, so that when discharging, it has a larger discharge area (in the four cones). Therefore, under the same voltage, flow rate and other conditions, the electric field strength is larger, and more nanostructured active water ions can be generated per unit time.

As the preferred technical solution:

In the above nanostructure active water ion generating device, the four-lobed shape is an axisymmetric shape, and the regular axisymmetric shape is beneficial to increase the uniformity of the electric field and improve the utilization efficiency.

In the above nanostructure active water ion generating device, the number of electrodes is n pieces, and the discharge system further includes n discharge needles, high-voltage wires, ground wires and DC high-voltage power supplies;

n-1 discharge needles are evenly distributed around the circumference of one discharge needle, and the center distance of two adjacent discharge needles is greater than 2cm;

The second technical problem solved by the present invention is the low efficiency of the nano-structured water ion generating device in the prior art. In the present invention, the discharge needles are arranged in an array of needles, which increases the number of nano-structured active water ions generated and greatly Improve the efficiency of action;

The n electrodes are located directly below the n discharge needles and correspond to them one by one, and each discharge needle coincides with the central axis of its corresponding electrode;

The DC high-voltage power supply is connected to all discharge needles through high-voltage wires, and all electrodes are grounded through grounding wires;

The third technical problem solved by the present invention is that the size of the nanostructured active water ions generated by the nanostructured water ion generating device in the prior art is single. The nanostructured active water ion generating device of the present invention can change the applied DC voltage and liquid flow rate by changing , the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode and other parameters to generate nano-structured active water ions of different sizes, which provides a reliable technical support for the experimental research and application of nano-structured active water ions.

The nanostructure active water ion generating device as described above, the discharge system further comprises a needle plate and an electrode tray, n discharge needles are vertically arranged on the needle plate, n pieces of electrodes are fixed on the electrode tray, and the electrode tray and the hollow part of the electrode The corresponding position is hollow.

The above-mentioned nanostructure active water ion generating device also includes a liquid supply system, the liquid supply system is connected with n discharge needles at the same time, and the liquid supply system is mainly composed of a syringe, a micro-injection pump and a catheter, and the syringe is used for accommodating The liquid is placed in a microinjection pump and communicated with n discharge needles through a catheter.

The fourth technical problem solved by the present invention is that the liquid supply of the nanostructured water ion generating device in the prior art is unstable. Its work is not affected by the humidity of the outside air, even if the air is relatively dry, it can provide a stable and sufficient liquid source to ensure that the discharge needle can generate a sufficient amount of nano-structured active water ions. The nano-structured active water ion generating device of the present invention, The nanostructured active water ions of different sizes can be generated by changing the liquid flow rate, which provides a reliable technical support for the experimental research and application of the nanostructured active water ions.

The above-mentioned nanostructure active water ion generating device also includes an auxiliary system, and the auxiliary system is mainly composed of a stage, two lifting rods and a box cover;

The stage is located under the electrode tray, and the needle plate, electrode tray and stage are vertically connected with two lifting rods at the same time;

The discharge needle, needle disc, electrode, electrode tray, stage and lifting rod are placed inside the box cover, the syringe, microinjection pump and DC high voltage power supply are placed outside the box cover, and the conduit, high voltage wire and grounding wire pass through the box outer cover. The stage is used to place the samples to be processed, such as textile materials, etc. The lifting rod is used to adjust the distance between the electrode and the discharge needle and the distance between the electrode and the stage. The box cover mainly provides a relatively stable working environment to prevent Changes in outside temperature and humidity or other factors affect the use of the device.

The present invention also provides the application of the nanostructure active water ion generating device as described above. The polyester fabric is laid on the stage of the nanostructure active water ion generating device, and high-purity water is added to the needle cylinder, and then the liquid supply system is started. And discharge system, keep for a period of time, get hydrophilic modified polyester fabric.

The fifth technical problem solved by the present invention is the low efficiency and poor feasibility of the polyester fiber surface modification technology in the prior art. The free radical components in the active water ions, especially the hydroxyl radicals, can remove the weak interface layers such as oil stains on the surface of the polyester fiber, and oxidize the molecules on the surface of the fiber to generate polar groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the molecular chain, thereby increasing. The polarity of the polyester surface improves its hydrophilic properties. At the same time, the high-voltage electricity released by the electrostatic atomization of the nanostructured active water ion generating device generates small and dense electric sparks to impact the surface of the polyester fiber, causing part of the molecular chain on the surface of the fiber to break. Degradation, roughening the surface, increasing its specific surface area, and also improving the hydrophilicity of the polyester surface.

As a preferred solution:

For the application described above, the resistivity of high-purity water is 18MΩcm (during electrostatic atomization, the conductivity of the liquid affects the surface tension and Coulomb force of the droplets during the atomization process, and has a very important relationship with the final droplet size. ), the value range of the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode is 0.5~2cm, the value range of the DC voltage of the DC high voltage power supply is -5~-10kV, and the value range of the infusion rate of the micro-injection pump is 0.9~10μL/ min, the distance between the electrode tray and the stage is in the range of 0 to 10 cm. These parameters cooperate with each other to ensure that nano-structured active water ions can be generated for a period of time ≥ 30 min.

Beneficial effects:

(1) The nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention can not only meet the requirements of stable and efficient generation of nanostructure active water ions, but also can meet the requirements for different sizes of nanostructure active water ions by adjusting various parameters of the generating device. research needs;

(2) The nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention improves the generation quantity of nanostructure active water ions and greatly improves the action efficiency;

(3) The present invention adopts a nanostructure active water ion generating device to carry out hydrophilic modification on polyester, which is easy to operate, has high efficiency, is easy to industrialize production, and has great promotion value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the electrode electric field distribution diagram of the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the annular electrode electric field distribution diagram of the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the prior art;

3 is a schematic plan view of the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention;

4 is a schematic perspective view of an electrode of the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention;

5 is a top view of the needle plate and the discharge needle in the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention;

6 is a top view of an electrode and an electrode tray in the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the relative positional relationship diagram of the discharge needle and the electrode in the nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the result graph of wetting time of polyester fabric treated with nanostructure active water ion and untreated;

Among them, 1- the hollow part of the electrode, 2- syringe, 3- microinjection pump, 4- catheter, 5- DC high voltage power supply, 6- discharge needle, 7- needle plate, 8- electrode, 9- electrode tray, 10 - Stage, 11- Lifting rod, 12- High voltage wire, 13- Ground wire, 14- Box cover.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Example 1

The discharge system includes n electrodes, n discharge needles, high voltage wires, ground wires, DC high voltage power supply, needle discs and electrode trays.

Among them, the electrode is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its three-dimensional view is shown in Figure 4; the cross section of the hollow part 1 of the electrode is a four-lobed shape with an axisymmetric shape, and the four-lobed shape is composed of a cross and four cones, and the four cones The shape is located at the four ends of the cross shape, and the sharp end of the cone is connected to the cross shape, the round thick end is far away from the cross shape, and the center of the cross shape is located on the central axis of the electrode; n-1 discharge needles surround the circumference of one discharge needle Evenly distributed, the center distance of two adjacent discharge needles is greater than 2cm; n electrodes are located directly below the n discharge needles, and correspond to them one by one, each discharge needle coincides with the central axis of its corresponding electrode; DC high voltage power supply is used to provide High voltage power required for electrostatic atomization process; DC high voltage power supply is connected to all discharge needles through high voltage lines, and all electrodes are grounded through grounding wires; n discharge needles are vertically arranged on the needle plate, and the top view of the needle plate and discharge needles is shown in As shown in Figure 5, n electrodes are fixed on the electrode tray, and the position of the electrode tray corresponding to the hollow part of the electrode is hollow. The top view of the n electrodes and the electrode tray is shown in Figure 6. In addition, the relative position of the discharge needle and the electrode The relationship diagram is shown in Figure 7.

Using the electrostatic module in the Comsol Multiphysics software, the electric field distribution of the electrodes in the discharge system is simulated, and the obtained electric field distribution diagram is shown in Figure 1.

Comparative Example 1

A discharge system with a circular electrode is basically the same as Example 1, except that the electrodes in the discharge system are different. The electrode in Comparative Example 1 is a circular electrode, and its outer diameter is the same as that of the hollow cylindrical structure. The size is the same; the electric field distribution diagram is tested by the same method as in Example 1, and the result is shown in Figure 2. Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the distribution area of the electric field intensity in Example 1 is larger than that in Example 1. Comparative Example 1, this is because the field strength of the ring-shaped electrode is mainly concentrated inside the ring, while the electrode proposed by the present invention has strong field strength around the four conical and cross-shaped parts, thereby expanding the electric field distribution area.

Example 2

The nanostructure active water ion generating device, as shown in Figure 3, includes a discharge system, a liquid supply system and an auxiliary system;

The discharge system is the discharge system in Example 1;

The liquid supply system is composed of a syringe 2, a microinjection pump 3 and a catheter 4, which provides a stable and sufficient liquid source to ensure that the discharge needle 6 can generate a sufficient number of nanostructured active water ions; wherein, the syringe 2 is used to accommodate liquid , placed in the micro-injection pump 3, and communicated with n discharge needles 6 through the conduit 4, the micro-injection pump 3 provides a stable linear thrust to ensure that the discharge needle 6 connected with the syringe 2 can maintain a stable Taylor cone liquid;

The auxiliary system consists of a stage 10, two lifting rods 11 and a box cover 14; wherein, the stage 10 is located under the electrode tray 9, and the needle plate 7, the electrode tray 9 and the stage 10 are simultaneously connected with the two lifting rods 11 Vertical connection; the discharge needle 6, the needle plate 7, the electrode 8, the electrode tray 9, the stage 10 and the lifting rod 11 are placed inside the box cover 14, and the syringe 2, the microinjection pump 3 and the DC high voltage power supply 5 are placed. Outside the box cover 14, the conduit 4, the high-voltage line 12 and the grounding line 13 pass through the box cover 14;

The nanostructure active water ion generating device of the present invention is used for producing nanostructure active water ions, and can efficiently and stably produce nanometer active water ions that meet the requirements.

Example 3

The hydrophilic modification method of polyester fabric (that is, the application of the nanostructure active water ion generating device), the polyester fabric is placed on the load of the nanostructure active water ion generating device (the number of discharge needles n=9) in Example 2 On the stage, after adding high-purity water with a resistivity of 18MΩcm to the needle cylinder at the same time, start the liquid supply system and the discharge system, and keep it for a period of time to obtain a hydrophilic modified polyester fabric. The range of the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode is 0.5～2cm, the value range of the DC voltage of the DC high voltage power supply is -5～-10kV, the value range of the infusion rate of the micro-injection pump is 0.9～10μL/min, the value of the distance between the electrode tray and the stage The range is 0 to 10 cm.

The specific processing steps are as follows:

(1) Cut a 100% polyester plain weave fabric (gram weight 405g/m ² , yarn count 10s/3×10s/3, warp and weft density 39×24) into 2cm×8cm square samples, a total of 15 pieces for spare, ready for experiment One 1mL syringe for laboratory use and 100mL laboratory industrial liquid distilled water;

(2) Place 15 polyester plain weave fabrics and nanostructure active water ion generators in a standard environment (temperature 20±2°C, relative humidity 65±2%) for 24 hours to equilibrate;

(3) take 3 polyester plain weave fabrics as control group A;

Take 3 polyester plain weave fabrics and lay them on the stage of the above-mentioned nanostructure active water ion generating device, set the value of the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode to be 1cm, and the value of the DC voltage of the DC high voltage power supply to be -6.8kV, The value of the infusion rate of the micro-injection pump is 5.4 μL/min, and the value of the distance between the electrode tray and the stage is 0.5 cm, then start the liquid supply system and the discharge system, keep it for 3 hours, and put the three pieces of polyester after treatment. Plain weave fabric was used as experimental group B;

Take 3 polyester plain weave fabrics and lay them on the stage of the above-mentioned nanostructure active water ion generating device, set the value of the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode to be 1cm, and the value of the DC voltage of the DC high voltage power supply to be -6.8kV, The value of the infusion rate of the micro-injection pump is 5.4 μL/min, and the value of the distance between the electrode tray and the stage is 0.5 cm, then the liquid supply system and the discharge system are started, and kept for 6 hours. Plain weave fabric was used as experimental group C;

Take 3 polyester plain weave fabrics and lay them on the stage of the above-mentioned nanostructure active water ion generating device, set the value of the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode to be 1cm, and the value of the DC voltage of the DC high voltage power supply to be -6.8kV, The value of the infusion rate of the microinjection pump is 5.4 μL/min, and the value of the distance between the electrode tray and the stage is 0.5 cm, then start the liquid supply system and the discharge system, keep it for 12 hours, and put the three pieces of polyester after treatment. Plain weave fabric was used as experimental group D;

Take 3 polyester plain weave fabrics and lay them on the stage of the above-mentioned nanostructure active water ion generating device, set the value of the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode to be 1cm, and the value of the DC voltage of the DC high voltage power supply to be -6.8kV, The value of the infusion rate of the micro-injection pump is 5.4 μL/min, and the value of the distance between the electrode tray and the stage is 0.5 cm, the liquid supply system and the discharge system are started, and kept for 24 hours. Plain weave fabric was used as experimental group E;

(4) Test and evaluation, the hydrophilic performance of the treated polyester plain weave fabric is tested, and the wetting time is used as an evaluation index to evaluate the hydrophilic performance of the polyester plain weave fabric. The faster the wetting speed, the shorter the wetting time. The hydrophilic performance of the fabric is better. The specific operation is as follows: place the treated polyester plain weave fabric on a horizontal plane, and drop 0.05 mL of droplets into the central part of each fabric through a 1 mL syringe for a total of 3 drops (between each droplet). Keep a distance of 1.5 cm), use a digital camera to record the wetting process, calculate the wetting time, and take the average value of 3 fabrics for each group (a total of 9 droplet wetting processes) as the final wetting time of each sample.

The final result is shown in Figure 8. It can be found from the results that the wetting time of the polyester fabric treated with nanostructure active water ions is faster than that of the untreated fabric, indicating that after the nanostructure active water ion treatment , the hydrophilicity of polyester fabric has been significantly improved, and with the increase of processing time, its hydrophilic performance is also more obvious, and the maximum can be increased by about 24 times. It shows that the nanostructure active water ion device can be used for the hydrophilic treatment of fabrics, and has a significant effect. This is because on the one hand, the free radical components in the nanostructured active water ions, especially the hydroxyl radicals, can remove the weak interface layers such as oil stains on the surface of the polyester fiber, and oxidize the surface molecules of the fiber to generate hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on its molecular chain. Polar groups, thereby increasing the polarity of the polyester surface and improving its hydrophilic properties; on the other hand, the high voltage released during electrostatic atomization generates small and dense electric sparks to impact the surface of the polyester fiber, breaking part of the molecular chain on the surface of the fiber. Degradation, roughening the surface, increasing its specific surface area, thereby improving the hydrophilic properties of the polyester surface.

Claims (7)

1. Active water ion generating device of nanometer structure, including the discharge system, the discharge system includes the electrode, characterized by: the electrode is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the cross section of the hollow part is in a four-leaf shape, the four-leaf shape consists of a cross shape and four cones, the four cones are positioned at the four tail ends of the cross shape, the sharp ends of the cones are connected with the cross shape, the thick ends of the cones are far away from the cross shape, and the center of the cross shape is positioned on the central shaft of the electrode;

the number of the electrodes is n, and the discharge system also comprises n discharge needles, high-voltage wires, a grounding wire and a direct-current high-voltage power supply;

n-1 discharge needles are uniformly distributed around the circumference of 1 discharge needle, and the center distance between two adjacent discharge needles is more than 2 cm;

the n electrodes are positioned under the n discharge needles and correspond to the n discharge needles one by one, and the central axis of each discharge needle is superposed with the central axis of the corresponding electrode;

the direct-current high-voltage power supply is connected with all the discharge needles through high-voltage wires, and all the electrodes are grounded through a grounding wire.

2. The nanostructured active water ion generating device according to claim 1, wherein the quadralobe shape is an axisymmetric shape.

3. The active water ion generator of claim 1, wherein the discharge system further comprises a needle plate on which n discharge needles are vertically inserted, and an electrode tray on which n electrodes are fixed, and the electrode tray is hollow in a position corresponding to the hollow part of the electrode.

4. The active water ion generator of claim 3, further comprising a liquid supply system, wherein the liquid supply system is mainly composed of a syringe, a micro-injection pump and a conduit, the syringe is used for containing liquid, is placed in the micro-injection pump, and is communicated with the n discharge needles through the conduit.

5. The nanostructured active water ion generating device according to claim 4, further comprising an auxiliary system, wherein the auxiliary system is mainly composed of a stage, 2 lifting rods and a box body outer cover;

the objective table is positioned below the electrode tray, and the needle plate, the electrode tray and the objective table are simultaneously and vertically connected with the 2 lifting rods;

the discharge needle, the needle disc, the electrode tray, the objective table and the lifting rod are arranged inside the box body outer cover, the needle cylinder, the micro-injection pump and the direct-current high-voltage power supply are arranged outside the box body outer cover, and the guide pipe, the high-voltage wire and the grounding wire penetrate through the box body outer cover.

6. Use of the nanostructured active water ion generating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: and laying the polyester fabric on an objective table of the nano-structure active water ion generating device, adding high-purity water into the needle cylinder, starting the liquid supply system and the discharge system, and keeping for a period of time to obtain the hydrophilic modified polyester fabric.

7. The application of claim 6, wherein the resistivity of the high-purity water is 18M Ω cm, the distance between the discharge needle and the electrode is 0.5-2 cm, the DC voltage of the DC high-voltage power supply is-5-10 kV, the infusion speed of the micro-injection pump is 0.9-10 μ L/min, the distance between the electrode tray and the object stage is 0-10 cm, and the time is more than or equal to 30 min.

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