Special hopper for forklift and application method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a forklift special hopper for transferring materials in the building construction process and a using method thereof.
Background
In the construction process of the building engineering, a large amount of building rubbish is generated on a building site every day, and because the stacking of the building rubbish easily generates potential safety hazards and causes pollution to the environment, the building rubbish needs to be cleared in time. However, at present, the clearing and transportation of the construction waste is mainly finished by manpower, and the manual clearing and transportation mode has the problems of low efficiency and high labor consumption. In addition, concrete blocks, scattered metal components and the like are often mixed in the construction waste, so that the weight of the waste is large, and then construction machinery such as an excavator, a scraper and the like is required to be matched to finish the clearing of the waste. However, the mechanical shifts of the excavator and the scraper are relatively high in price, and a large amount of expenses are generated due to long-term leasing, which becomes one of the burdens of construction enterprises.
The forklift is also a common building construction machine, is generally used for unloading and transferring block materials, such as aerated concrete blocks, glass, metal profiles, timber plates and the like, and has relatively low purchase cost, so if the forklift is designed to be matched with the device, the application of the forklift can be expanded, and the device can assist in realizing the clearing of building garbage and the transferring of scattered materials, and is one of effective means for solving the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special hopper for a forklift and a use method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of cleaning construction waste and transferring scattered materials and reducing the cost expenditure of cleaning the construction waste and transferring the scattered materials.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
The special hopper for the forklift is arranged on a fork at the front end of the forklift and comprises a hopper body, a fork connecting device and a hopper locking device, wherein the fork connecting device is arranged at the bottom of the hopper body (the hopper locking device is arranged at the back of the hopper body,
The hopper body is formed by welding a bottom plate, a back plate and two side plates, two lower lug plates for hinging a fork connecting device are symmetrically arranged on the outer bottom surface of the bottom plate, and an upper lug plate for hinging a hopper locking device is arranged on the outer side surface of the back plate;
The fork connecting device comprises two sleeves and a cross beam connected with the two sleeves, one ends of the two sleeves are hinged with the hopper body through two lower lug plates, a first pin shaft and a first nut, and the other ends of the two sleeves are sleeved on the fork;
the hopper locking device comprises a locking piece and a clamping ring, wherein the clamping ring is fixed on the cross beam, one end of the locking piece is hinged with the hopper body through an upper lug plate, a second pin shaft and a second nut, a hook is arranged at the other end of the locking piece, and the locking piece locks the hopper body through the buckling effect of the hook and the clamping ring.
Preferably, the bottom plate and the back plate are square steel plates, the two side plates are triangular steel plates with the same shape and size, and the thickness of one side of the bottom plate far away from the back plate is gradually reduced from inside to outside so that one side of the back plate forms a slope.
Preferably, the sleeve is a square steel pipe, the cross beam is I-steel or channel steel, one end of the sleeve is a vertical end face, and the other end of the sleeve is an arc end face.
As one preferable mode in the technical scheme, the lower end of the locking piece is provided with a through hole, an upper iron chain is arranged through the through hole, and the other end of the upper iron chain is fixedly connected to a shelf of the forklift.
As one preferable option in the above technical solution, a lower iron chain is further disposed through the snap ring, and the other end of the lower iron chain is fixedly connected to the fork frame of the forklift.
Meanwhile, for the special hopper for the forklift, the invention also provides a use method, which comprises the following specific use steps:
s1, mounting the special hopper of the forklift on a fork at the front end of the forklift;
S2, operating the forklift provided with the special hopper in the step I to a loading place, controlling the fork of the forklift to move downwards, enabling the slope opening of the hopper body to be clung to the ground, continuing to operate the forklift forwards, and loading scattered materials into the hopper body under the forward thrust action of the forklift;
s3, after the hopper body is loaded with materials, controlling the fork of the forklift to move upwards so that the hopper body leaves the ground;
S4, operating the forklift loaded with the materials in the third step to a discharge site for discharging;
S5, after the materials are completely poured out, the upper iron chain is pulled back, so that the hopper body falls back to the original horizontal position, the fork of the forklift is controlled to move downwards, and the unloading process is completed;
s6, repeating the second to fifth steps to repeatedly realize the cyclic actions of loading, transferring and unloading.
Compared with the prior art, the special hopper for the forklift is designed, and is arranged on the forklift, so that the special hopper can be matched with the forklift for material clearing, the purpose of the forklift is well expanded, and the special hopper has the following beneficial effects:
1. The device and the using method thereof realize full mechanical operation from loading to unloading, can greatly save labor consumption and lighten the labor intensity of constructors;
2. The invention ensures that the clearing and transportation of some scattered garbage are more convenient through the arrangement of the hopper, and has the characteristics of more materials for single transportation and high operation efficiency;
3. The special hopper for the forklift provided by the invention is made of materials commonly used in construction sites, such as steel plates, I-steel, channel steel and the like, can be made on site, has the advantage of low processing and manufacturing cost, and simultaneously has the advantages of simple structure, small technical difficulty, good durability and low maintenance cost;
4. The special hopper for the forklift is arranged at the front end of the forklift, so that the use function of the forklift is increased, and the utilization rate of machinery is improved;
5. The device provided by the invention can effectively finish the clearing of the construction waste, thereby greatly reducing the use of machines such as an excavator, a scraper and the like, greatly reducing the cost expenditure of clearing the construction waste and transferring the scattered materials and lightening the burden of construction enterprises.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a forklift-dedicated hopper according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a joint of the fork attachment apparatus of FIG. 1 with a hopper body.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a node of the hopper lock assembly of FIG. 1 connected to a hopper body.
Fig. 4 is an external perspective view of the forklift-dedicated hopper according to the present invention mounted on a forklift.
Fig. 5 is a side view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method of using the hopper for forklift truck according to the present invention.
The figure shows:
10-a hopper body, 11-a bottom plate, 12-a back plate, 13-a side plate, 14-a lower ear plate and 15-an upper ear plate;
20-fork connecting device, 21-sleeve, 22-cross beam, 23-first pin, 24-first nut,
30-Hopper locking device, 31-locking piece, 31.1-through hole, 32-snap ring, 33-second pin shaft, 34-second nut and 35-hook;
40-upper iron chain, 50-lower iron chain, 60-forklift, 61-fork, 62-fork carriage, 63-shelf.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides a special hopper for a forklift, which is disposed on a fork 61 at the front end of a forklift 60, and comprises a hopper body 10, a fork connecting device 20 and a hopper locking device 30, wherein the fork connecting device 20 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper body 10, the hopper locking device 30 is disposed at the back of the hopper body 10, and the special hopper for the forklift is further fixed on the forklift 60 through an upper iron chain 40 and a lower iron chain 50.
Specifically, the hopper body 10 is formed by welding a bottom plate 11, a back plate 12 and two side plates 13, the bottom plate 11 and the back plate 12 are rectangular steel plates, the two side plates 13 are right-angle triangular steel plates with the same shape and size, and the right-angle side of the relatively shorter side of the two right-angle triangular steel plates 13 is equal to the length of the short side of the back plate 12, and further, in order to better shovel the construction waste into the hopper body 10, the thickness of the side of the bottom plate 11 far away from the back plate 12 is gradually reduced from inside to outside so that one side of the back plate 12 forms a slope similar to the shape of a dustpan, so that the garbage can be collected.
Specifically, two lower ear plates 14 for hinging the fork connecting device 20 are symmetrically arranged on the outer bottom surface of the bottom plate 11, and an upper ear plate 15 for hinging the hopper locking device 30 is arranged on the outer side surface of the back plate 12, wherein in order to make the stress of the hopper body 10 uniform, the lower ear plates 14 and the upper ear plates 15 are respectively arranged on the middle parts of the outer bottom surface and the outer side surface of the bottom plate 11.
Specifically, the fork connecting device 20 includes two sleeves 21 and a cross beam 22 connecting the two sleeves 21, and preferably, the sleeves 21 in this embodiment are made of square steel materials, the cross beam 22 is made of h-steel, two ends of the cross beam 22 are welded on the side walls of the two sleeves 21 respectively, in order to match with the connection effect of the fork connecting device 20, one end of the sleeve 21 connected with the fork 61 is cut into a vertical end face, and one end of the sleeve 21 connected with the hopper body 10 is made into an arc end face.
Specifically, the hopper locking device 30 includes a locking member 31 and a snap ring 32, the snap ring 32 is fixed at the center of the cross beam 22, a hook 35 is disposed at the end of the locking member 31, and the locking member 31 locks the hopper body 10 through the snap action of the hook 35 and the snap ring 32.
Further, in order to achieve the loading and unloading operations of the hopper body 10, it is required that the hopper body 10 can be tilted up to a certain angle from the horizontal position and fall back, and this requires that the fork connection device 20 and the hopper locking device 30 are rotatably connected to the hopper body 10, preferably hinged in this embodiment, in such a way that one end of the sleeve 21 is hinged to the hopper body 10 through the two lower lugs 14, the first pin 23 and the first nut 24, and one end of the locking member 31 is hinged to the hopper body 10 through the upper lugs 15, the second pin 33 and the second nut 34.
Specifically, the lower end of the locking member 31 is further provided with a through hole 31.1, the other end of the upper iron chain 40 is fixedly connected to the shelf 63 of the forklift 60 after passing through the through hole 31.1, and the arrangement of the upper iron chain 40 can control the locking member 31 on one hand and limit the maximum angle of the hopper body 10 when the hopper body 10 is inclined during material dumping on the other hand.
Specifically, one end of the lower iron chain 50 is fixed on the snap ring 32, the other end of the lower iron chain 50 is fixedly connected to the fork frame 62 of the forklift 60, and the lower iron chain 50 can effectively prevent the fork 61 from being completely pulled out from the sleeve 21.
In the above embodiment, the distance between the two bushings 21 is substantially equal to the distance between the two forks 61 of the forklift 60, so that the two forks 61 can be smoothly inserted into the two bushings 21, and the lengths of the upper iron chain 40 and the lower iron chain 50 should not be too short or too long, so that the connection of the hopper body 10 can be satisfied and the tilting of the hopper body 10 to the maximum angle can be controlled to the optimal length.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a use method of the special hopper for the forklift, as shown in fig. 6, comprising the following specific steps:
s1, mounting a special hopper of a forklift on a fork 61 at the front end of a forklift 60, wherein the specific mounting method comprises the following steps:
S11, sleeving the two sleeves 21 of the fork connecting device 20 on the two forks 61 of the forklift 60 respectively,
S12, one end of the lower iron chain 50 is fixed on the clamping ring 32, the other end is fixed on the fork frame 62,
S13, finally, the hook 35 is buckled into the clamping ring 32, one end of the upper iron chain 40 is fixed on the locking piece 31 through the through hole 31.3, and the other end is fixed on the baffle shelf 63;
S2, operating the forklift 60 provided with the special forklift hopper in the step I to a loading site for loading, wherein the fork 61 of the forklift 60 is controlled to move downwards so that the slope opening part of the hopper body 10 is clung to the ground, the forklift 60 continues to operate forwards, and scattered materials are loaded into the hopper body 10 under the forward thrust of the forklift 60;
S3, after the hopper body 10 is loaded with materials, controlling the fork 61 of the forklift 60 to move upwards so that the hopper body 10 leaves the ground;
s4, operating the forklift 60 loaded with the materials in the third step to a discharge site for discharging, wherein the specific process of discharging is as follows:
s41, firstly, controlling the fork 61 of the forklift 60 to move downwards so that the hopper body 10 is horizontally arranged on a unloading platform;
S42, then the upper iron chain 40 is pulled upwards to separate the locking piece 31 from the clamping ring 32;
S43, finally, moving the fork 61 upwards for a certain distance, and simultaneously, rotating and tilting the hopper body 10 around the lower lug plate 14 and the first pin shaft 23 for a certain angle, so that the materials in the hopper body 10 are poured out to finish unloading;
S5, after the materials are completely poured out, the upper iron chain 40 is pulled back, so that the hopper body 10 falls back to the original horizontal position, the fork 61 of the forklift 60 is controlled to move downwards, and the unloading process is completed;
S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5, and repeatedly realizing the cyclic actions of loading, transferring and unloading.
In summary, the special hopper for the forklift and the use method thereof can realize the clearing and transporting of construction waste on a construction site, meanwhile, the special hopper is detachably connected with the forklift without influencing the transportation of scattered materials, the fork connecting device 20 is sleeved on the fork 61 of the forklift to enable the special hopper for the forklift to cooperatively move along with the fork, meanwhile, the fork connecting device 20 is connected and limited with the fork frame 62 of the forklift through the lower iron chain 50 to prevent the fork 61 from being separated from the sleeve 21, and the hopper body 10 is connected and limited with the baffle shelf 63 of the forklift through the upper iron chain 40 to facilitate the operation of personnel and limit the overturning range of the hopper body. Through the measures, the special hopper of the forklift can move along with the movement track of the fork, so that three actions of loading, transferring and unloading are realized. In addition, when the transfer of the large objects is required, the special hopper is detached, the function expansion is performed on the basis of not affecting the original functions of the forklift, the high-class expense machines such as the excavator and the scraper in the prior art are replaced, and the burden of construction enterprises is reduced.
It should be understood that the portion not set forth in the specification is prior art or common general knowledge. The present embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will recognize that equivalent substitutions and modifications to the present invention are within the scope of the appended claims.