CN110863854A - Tunnel emergency danger avoiding device and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel emergency escape device and a method of using the same. The cabin body of the device is provided with a cabin door, and the cabin body is provided with a power supply, an oxygen bottle, an oxygen mask, survival support items, a lighting lamp, a gas sensor, and an air purification treatment. The device, the oxygen control box and the temperature adjustment device are all fixed in the cabin, the outer unit of the temperature adjustment device is fixed outside the cabin, and the outer unit of the temperature adjustment device is connected with the temperature adjustment device; It is connected with the external unit of the temperature adjustment device; the oxygen mask is connected with the oxygen cylinder through the oxygen control box; in the method, the cabin body and the tunnel excavation trolley are fixed first, and when the door collapses, the switch is activated to drive the lights and gas. The sensor, the temperature adjustment device and the temperature adjustment device external machine work; finally, the oxygen cylinder provides oxygen through the oxygen mask, and the survival support items provide food, drinking water, first aid kit and maintenance box.

Description

A tunnel emergency avoidance device and its use method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of life-saving equipment, in particular to a tunnel emergency escape device and a use method thereof.

Background technique

my country's terrain is relatively complex and the terrain is undulating, which leads to the construction of tunnels, when the geological conditions are poor, the construction personnel will be in a dangerous situation during the construction of the tunnel. The common geological disasters in the process of tunnel construction are mainly tunnel collapse, rockfall, mud and water inrush, tunnel face collapse, and closing door collapse. In the face of these construction hazards, the most harmful to construction personnel is the tunnel closing door collapse.

The collapse of the tunnel door is the main danger affecting the life safety of the construction workers. At present, the conventional treatment method is to pre-lay escape pipes in the tunnel. When the door collapses in the tunnel, the construction personnel can evacuate to the safe area in time, but there are three actual situations. The first is that in the process of tunnel construction, the escape pipes are often not laid in time; the second is that when encountering construction procedures with different construction methods, the escape pipes cannot perform their due functions, which often affects construction; the third is When the danger actually occurs, it cannot play a role in protecting the life safety of construction workers.

To sum up, the existing technology lacks effective rescue measures when dealing with sudden dangers in tunnels.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel emergency escape device and a method for using the same, which are easy to operate, economical, safe and practical, and can effectively solve the problem that the construction personnel cannot evacuate to a safe area in time when the current tunnel emerges in a disaster. The question of getting rescue.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A tunnel emergency escape device, comprising a cabin, a power supply, a switch, a lighting lamp, a gas sensor, an air purification treatment device, an oxygen cylinder, an oxygen control box, an oxygen mask, a temperature adjustment device, an outdoor unit of the temperature adjustment device, and survival support items ;

The cabin is provided with a cabin door, a power supply, an oxygen bottle, an oxygen mask and survival support items are arranged in the cabin, and the lighting lamp, gas sensor, air purification treatment device, oxygen control box and temperature adjustment device are all fixed in the cabin, The outer unit of the temperature adjustment device is fixed outside the cabin, and the outer unit of the temperature adjustment device is connected with the temperature adjustment device;

The power supply is respectively connected with the lighting lamp, the gas sensor, the temperature adjustment device and the external machine of the temperature adjustment device through the switch; the oxygen mask is connected with the oxygen cylinder through the oxygen control box.

Preferably, the illuminating lamp is fixed on the top of the wall inside the cabin, and the illuminating lamp is used for illuminating the safety personnel.

Preferably, the survival support items are food, drinking water, first aid kits and maintenance boxes.

Preferably, the gas sensor is fixed in the middle of the inner wall of the cabin, and the gas sensor is used to monitor the concentrations of CO and CO ₂ in the cabin.

Further, the air purification treatment device is fixed on the bottom of one side of the cabin door. When the concentration of CO and CO ₂ exceeds the acceptable threshold range for the human body, the air purification treatment device is used to reduce the concentration of CO and CO ₂ in the cabin.

Preferably, the oxygen cylinder is fixed on the wall on one side of the cabin door, the oxygen control box is fixed between the cabin door and the oxygen cylinder, the oxygen mask is placed in the installation cabinet, and the installation cabinet is fixed between the oxygen control box and the cabin door The oxygen mask, oxygen control box and oxygen cylinder are connected in turn through the oxygen delivery pipe on the wall of the oxygen control box. Under the control of the oxygen control box, the oxygen cylinder provides the escape personnel with the oxygen needed for survival through the oxygen mask.

Preferably, a protective steel plate is provided outside the outer unit of the temperature adjustment device, and ventilation holes are arranged on the protective steel plate. The temperature adjustment device and the outer unit of the temperature adjustment device cooperate with each other. , the temperature adjustment device and the temperature adjustment device external unit are used to adjust the temperature in the cabin to the normal survival needs of the escape personnel, while the temperature adjustment device and the temperature adjustment device outer unit discharge the dirty air in the cabin to the cabin through the ventilation holes Outside the body to ensure the normal survival of the personnel in the cabin.

Preferably, it also includes communication equipment, the communication equipment is fixed on the wall on one side of the cabin door, the power supply is connected to one end of the communication equipment through a switch, and the other end of the communication equipment is connected to the telephone set in the monitoring room outside the cave through a telephone line outside the cabin. Connection, communication equipment is used for people in distress to communicate with the outside of the cave.

Preferably, the power supply is a lithium battery, and a power charging interface is installed on the outer side of the wall of the cabin. The power charging interface is connected to the lithium battery through a cable, and the external power supply charges the lithium battery through the power charging interface, so as to ensure that the inside of the cabin is always guaranteed. sufficient power.

A method of using a tunnel emergency escape device, based on the tunnel emergency escape device described in any one of the above, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, the top of the cabin is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tunnel excavation trolley in the tunnel, and the cabin moves together with the tunnel excavation trolley;

Step 2, when the door collapses during the construction process in the tunnel, the switch is activated, and the switch drives the lighting, gas sensor, temperature adjustment device and the external unit of the temperature adjustment device to work normally;

Step 3, operate the oxygen cylinder and the oxygen control box, make the oxygen cylinder provide oxygen through the oxygen mask, and provide food, drinking water, first aid kit and maintenance box for the survival support items.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The invention is a tunnel emergency escape device. The cabin is provided with a cabin door. When the construction personnel in the tunnel closes and collapses during the construction process, the people in distress can enter the cabin to avoid danger, and the oxygen mask is connected to the oxygen cylinder through the oxygen control box. , so that the oxygen cylinder can provide the oxygen needed for survival for the people in distress, and the survival support items can provide the survival necessities for the people in danger during the escape period. The external unit of the device is connected, the external unit of the temperature adjustment device is connected to the temperature adjustment device, the air purification treatment device fixed in the cabin is used in conjunction with the gas sensor, the lighting lamp can illuminate the persons in distress, and the gas sensor can monitor the harmful gas inside the cabin. When the concentration of harmful gases exceeds the acceptable threshold range for the human body, adsorption conversion treatment is carried out through the air purification treatment device. This ensures that persons in distress can avoid danger for a long time, and then can wait for external rescuers to rescue; the layout of the present invention in the process of highway tunnel construction is the first example, and compared with the existing layout method using escape pipes Advantages: It has great technological advancement in tunnel construction rescue, and to a large extent provides a certain guarantee for the personal safety of front-line construction workers during the construction process. It is very convenient, and more importantly, the device is also a recyclable device, and the assembly, debugging and disassembly of the device are very convenient.

Further, the oxygen mask, the oxygen control box and the oxygen cylinder are connected in turn through the oxygen delivery pipe, and the oxygen cylinder provides the escape personnel with the oxygen needed for survival through the oxygen mask under the control of the oxygen control box. Oxygen supply has the effect of saving oxygen content, that is, when people in danger in the tunnel take refuge for too long, the oxygen supply method using oxygen masks will greatly increase the survival time of the escape personnel in the cabin, and protect the cabin to a greater extent. life safety of personnel.

In the method of using the tunnel emergency escape device of the present invention, firstly, the top of the cabin is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tunnel excavation trolley in the tunnel, so that the device can move with the trolley at any time, and has the ability to protect the life safety of the construction workers from time to time. After that, when the construction personnel in the tunnel closes and collapses during the construction process, the switch is activated, and the switch drives the lighting, gas sensor, temperature adjustment device and the external unit of the temperature adjustment device to work normally; then operate the oxygen cylinder, oxygen control box, and oxygen cylinder. Oxygen is provided, and survival support items provide food, drinking water, first aid kits and maintenance boxes. In this way, people in distress can wait for rescue by external rescuers, and to a large extent, provide a certain guarantee for the personal safety of front-line construction workers during the construction process. .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the front part of the overall external structure of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side perspective schematic view of the overall external structure of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the device of the present invention close to the tunnel excavation trolley.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the arrangement of the internal equipment of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the arrangement of the internal equipment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the arrangement of the internal equipment of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a side view of the arrangement of the internal equipment of the device of the present invention.

In the figure: lithium battery 1, lighting lamp 2, air purification treatment device 3, temperature adjustment device 4, gas sensor 5, oxygen cylinder 6, oxygen control box 7, oxygen mask 8, communication equipment 9, stool 10, portable toilet 11. Survival support items 12, protective steel plate 13, hatch 14, lookout window 14-1, handle 14-2, bolt 15, collar 16, communication interface 17, power charging interface 18, tunnel excavation trolley 19, replacement Air hole 20, cabin 21, oxygen delivery pipe 22, cable 23, switch 24, channel steel 25.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are to explain rather than limit the present invention.

A tunnel emergency escape device of the present invention includes a cabin 21, a lithium battery 1, a lighting lamp 2, a hatch 14, an air purification treatment device 3, a temperature adjustment device 4, an external unit of the temperature adjustment device, a gas sensor 5, and an oxygen cylinder. 6. Oxygen control box 7 , oxygen mask 8 , communication equipment 9 , stool 10 , portable toilet 11 and survival support items 12 .

Figures 1, 2 and 3 show the external structure of the cabin body 21, and Figure 3 shows the installation position of the cabin body 21 in the tunnel. The material of the cabin body 21 is a steel plate with strong impact resistance. The impact resistance of the cabin 21, the inner side of the steel plate is welded with channel steel 25, the channel steel 25 is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel plate, and the channel steel 25 and the steel plate are integrated to withstand the impact of external rockfall, thereby ensuring the safety of the shelter. life safety of persons at risk.

The cabin body 21 is provided with a cabin door 14 on the front and the side, and the upper part of the cabin door 14 is provided with a lookout window 14-1 composed of transparent glass, so as to facilitate the safety personnel to observe the dangerous situation outside the cabin; the cabin door 14 is provided with a The handle 14-2 is convenient for persons in distress to quickly enter the cabin 21 to avoid danger. A collar 16 is set at each of the four corners of the top of the cabin 21. The collar 16 is connected with the collars 16 provided on the left and right sides of the bottom bracket of the tunnel excavation trolley 19 through bolts 15. The tunnel emergency escape device is installed near the tunnel excavation. The bottom bracket of the trolley is connected to the tunnel excavation trolley by bolts. The advantage of this is that the combination of the tunnel emergency shelter and the tunnel excavation trolley is more flexible. It is easy to disassemble, and two cabins 21 are hung on the tunnel excavation trolley 19 to maintain balance. So far, the cabin body 21 and the tunnel excavation trolley 19 are integrated into one, and the cabin body 21 can follow the tunnel excavation trolley 19 at any time. Move, always ensure that the cabin 21 is around the front-line construction personnel. Once a dangerous situation occurs in the tunnel and the construction personnel cannot evacuate to the safe area in time, they can evacuate to the safety cabin for emergency avoidance in time, so as to ensure the safety of the personnel in distress to the greatest extent. life safety.

Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7 show the installation position of each device in the cabin 21 and the installation position of the external equipment in the cabin 21, and Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 7 show the communication interface 17, the power charging interface 18 and the specific location of the protective steel plate 13 will be described in detail below.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , based on the entrance of the hatch 14 at the end of the cabin 21 , an air purification treatment device 3 , an oxygen mask 8 , a portable toilet 11 , and an oxygen control box 7 are installed on the right side of the cabin 21 . , an oxygen cylinder 6 and an oxygen delivery tube 22 . The air purification treatment device 3 is fixed and installed at the bottom of the front right side of the entrance of the hatch door 14 by means of mounting brackets and screws, and the oxygen mask 8 is a head-mounted oxygen mask, which is placed in a cabinet, and the cabinet is installed on the right side of the entrance of the hatch door 14 with screws. On the wall at the top of the front, the oxygen control box 7 is fixed and installed at the top of the right middle of the cabin 21 with screws, and the oxygen cylinder 6 is placed on the support frame and then fixed with screws at the bottom of the right rear of the cabin 21 on the wall. The oxygen mask 8, the oxygen control box 7 and the oxygen cylinder 6 are connected through an oxygen delivery pipe 22, and the oxygen control box 7 controls the flow of oxygen through a valve. The portable toilet 11 is placed at the bottom of the right middle part of the cabin body 21 .

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 , based on the entrance of the hatch 14 at the end of the cabin 21 , the survival support items 12 , the seat 10 , the lithium battery 1 , the temperature adjustment device 4 , and the temperature adjustment device are installed on the left side of the cabin 21 . The external unit and the cable 23 are installed, and the temperature adjustment device 4 is a special explosion-proof air conditioner for the military industry, and the external unit of the temperature adjustment device can be an explosion-proof air conditioner special for the military industry. Survival support items 12 are placed in a cabinet, the cabinet is mounted on the top of the left front of the entrance of the hatch 14 with screws, the seat bench 10 is mounted on the middle of the left side of the entrance of the hatch 14 with screws, and the lithium battery 1 is bundled and fixed with screws Installed at the lower part of the seat bench 10, the temperature adjustment device 4 is installed at the top of the left rear of the entrance of the hatch 14 by means of mounting brackets and screws, and the external unit of the temperature adjustment device is installed at the outer bottom of the cabin body 21 by means of mounting brackets and screws to protect the steel plate. 13 is arranged outside the external unit of the temperature adjusting device to protect the external unit of the temperature adjusting device, so the external unit of the temperature adjusting device cannot be seen from the figure. The protective steel plate 13 is provided with a ventilation hole 20, and the external unit of the temperature adjusting device passes through the pipeline It communicates with the air flow and water path of the temperature adjustment device 4 .

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 , the gas sensor 5 , the communication device 9 and the switch 24 are installed on the wall at the other end of the cabin 21 with screws on the basis of the entrance of the cabin door 14 at the end of the cabin 21 . The device 9 is installed on the top of the wall, the gas sensor 5 is installed in the middle of the wall, and the lighting lamp 2 is installed on the top of the shelter with screws; The screws are installed on the outside of the wall of the cabin body 21 .

When there is a sudden danger in the tunnel and the construction personnel cannot be evacuated to the safe area, the construction personnel can escape to the emergency escape device of the tunnel through the two hatches 14 in time for emergency avoidance and wait for external rescue. There are observation windows 14-1, which can observe the progress of the danger outside the safe haven in time, so as to protect the personal safety of the safe.

The lithium battery 1 can be charged and discharged, and is connected to the temperature adjustment device 4, the temperature adjustment device external unit, the lighting lamp 2, the gas sensor 5, the communication device 9, the switch 24 and the power charging interface 18 through the cable 23, which is the above-mentioned device. Provide power supply to keep its equipment working properly. When the escape personnel enter the cabin, the lighting lamp 2 illuminates the escape personnel to ensure the normal life of the personnel in the cabin.

The communication equipment 9 is connected with the communication interface 17, and the communication equipment 9 is a HAK-1 mine intrinsically safe explosion-proof direct-pass walkie-talkie telephone set, which is connected with the telephone set in the monitoring room outside the cave through the telephone line outside the cabin 21, The outside of the telephone line outside the cabin 21 is reinforced and protected to facilitate timely communication. In the event of an emergency in the tunnel, the persons in distress can timely contact the outside of the tunnel through the explosion-proof direct walkie-talkie telephone in the cabin 21, so as to facilitate timely communication. Outside rescuers came to the rescue. The power charging interface 18 is connected with the lithium battery 1 through the cable 23. Under normal construction conditions, the external power supply can charge the lithium battery 1 in the cabin through the power charging interface 18 to ensure sufficient power in the cabin at all times.

The gas sensor is used to monitor the CO and CO ₂ gas concentrations in the cabin. When the gas concentration in the cabin 21 is too high, the switch of the air purification treatment device 3 is turned on, so that the adsorbent inside the air purification treatment device 3 will carry out the CO and CO ₂ gases. Adsorption conversion, thereby reducing the concentration of CO and CO ₂ gas in the cabin 21 to ensure the normal survival of the people in distress in the cabin 21; when the temperature in the cabin 21 is too high and affects the normal survival of the escape personnel, the temperature adjustment device 4 can be turned on to make it Work, reduce the temperature in the cabin 21 to the requirements for the normal survival of the escape personnel, and at the same time, the dirty air in the cabin can be discharged out of the cabin 21 through the ventilation hole 20 through the temperature adjustment device 4 and the temperature adjustment device. The inside and outside of the body 21 is ventilated to ensure the normal survival of the personnel in the cabin 21; the escape personnel will preferentially use the external oxygen after entering the cabin 21. When the external oxygen is used up, the switch of the oxygen cylinder 6 can be turned on. At this time, the oxygen cylinder 6 Input high-pressure oxygen of 12-15MPa into the oxygen control box 7, open the oxygen control box 7 to relieve the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen to meet the breathing requirements of the safety personnel. At this time, the oxygen control box 7 delivers the decompressed oxygen to Oxygen mask 8 is needed for the survival of people who avoid danger; communication equipment 9 can make people in distress in the cabin 21 communicate with external rescuers to report the situation in the cabin, so that external rescuers can take corresponding measures for rescue; the seat 10 is installed in the lithium The top of the battery 1 has the function of protecting the lithium battery 1; the portable toilet 11 can handle the excrement of the escape personnel in the cabin, and can also provide a seat for the escape personnel; the survival guarantee item 12 provides the escape personnel with the necessary materials for normal survival. Food and drinking water, as well as first aid items like first aid kits and repair kits. All of these devices play a certain role in maintaining the safety of the safety of the escape personnel in the cabin.

The tunnel emergency escape device of the present invention installs various equipment in the cabin outside the tunnel. After the installation is completed, a collar 16 provided at each of the four corners of the top of the cabin 21 and the left and right sides of the bottom of the lower bracket of the tunnel excavation trolley 19 are used. The set collar 16 is connected by bolts 15, the cabin 21 is connected with the tunnel excavation trolley 19 as a whole, and then the communication interface 17 is connected with the telephone set in the monitoring room outside the tunnel through a telephone line; the power charging interface 18 is connected by a cable 23 Connect with the external power supply, so far the tunnel emergency escape device is installed.

When the construction personnel in the tunnel closes the door and collapses during the construction process, the person in distress cannot escape from the hole. They can quickly enter the cabin 21 through the handle 14-2 at the cabin door 14 in time to avoid danger, and turn on the switch 24 at the same time. The lithium battery 1 supplies power to the cabin temperature adjustment device 4 , the external unit of the temperature adjustment device, the lighting lamp 2 , the gas sensor 5 and the communication equipment 9 , so that these power-demanding equipment can work normally. When the external oxygen is used up, turn on the switch of the oxygen cylinder 6. At this time, the oxygen cylinder 6 inputs the high-pressure oxygen into the oxygen control box 7. When the oxygen control box 7 is opened, the high-pressure oxygen can be decompressed to meet the requirements of personnel breathing. At this time, the oxygen The control box 7 delivers the depressurized oxygen to the oxygen mask 8 for the survival of the escape personnel. When the gas sensor 5 in the cabin 21 detects that the CO and CO ₂ gas concentrations in the cabin 21 are too high, the switch of the air purification treatment device 3 can be turned on, so that the adsorbent in the air purification treatment device 3 can carry out the CO and CO ₂ gases. The adsorption conversion reduces the concentration of CO ₂ and CO gas in the cabin, so as to ensure the normal survival in the cabin 21 of the persons in distress, and at the same time, the survival support items 12 provide the persons in distress with other needs for survival. In addition, people in distress can get in touch with external rescue personnel through the communication device 9 and then wait for external rescue.

The tunnel emergency avoidance device of the present invention integrates the requirements of traditional tunnel rescue equipment, and is mainly used for the construction personnel unable to evacuate the dangerous area in time when the door collapses in the sudden danger in the tunnel, and also has the function of avoiding other weaker hazards. , at this time, the use of this device will better enable the persons in distress to escape in time for emergency avoidance, and at the same time wait in the cabin for rescue by external rescuers.

Claims (10)

1. A tunnel emergency danger avoiding device is characterized by comprising a cabin body (21), a power supply, a switch (24), an illuminating lamp (2), a gas sensor (5), an air purification treatment device (3), an oxygen cylinder (6), an oxygen control box (7), an oxygen mask (8), a temperature adjusting device (4), a temperature adjusting device external unit and survival guarantee articles (12);

the portable air conditioner is characterized in that the cabin body (21) is provided with a cabin door (14), a power supply, an oxygen bottle (6), an oxygen mask (8) and survival guarantee articles (12) are arranged in the cabin body (21), the illuminating lamp (2), the gas sensor (5), the air purification treatment device (3), the oxygen control box (7) and the temperature adjusting device (4) are all fixed in the cabin body (21), an outer machine of the temperature adjusting device is fixed outside the cabin body (21), and the outer machine of the temperature adjusting device is connected with the temperature adjusting device (4);

the power supply is respectively connected with the illuminating lamp (2), the gas sensor (5), the temperature adjusting device (4) and the temperature adjusting device external unit through a switch (24); the oxygen mask (8) is connected with the oxygen bottle (6) through an oxygen control box (7).

2. A tunnel emergency hedge device according to claim 1, characterized in that the illumination lamp (2) is fixed on the top of the wall inside the cabin (21), and the illumination lamp (2) is used for illuminating the hedge personnel.

3. A tunnel emergency hedge unit according to claim 1, characterized by that, the survival and security articles (12) are food, drinking water, first aid kit and maintenance box.

4. A tunnel emergency hedge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the gas sensor (5) is fixed in the middle of the inner wall of the cabin (21), the gas sensor (5) is used for monitoring CO and CO inside the cabin (21)₂The concentration of (c).

5. A tunnel emergency escape device according to claim 4, characterized in that the air purification processing unit (3) is fixed at the bottom of one side of the hatch (14) when CO and CO are used₂When the concentration of the active ingredients exceeds the acceptable threshold range of human bodies, the air purification treatment is carried outThe device (3) is used for reducing CO and CO in the cabin body (21)₂And (4) concentration.

6. The tunnel emergency danger prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen cylinder (6) is fixed on a wall on one side of the cabin door (14), the oxygen control box (7) is fixed between the cabin door (14) and the oxygen cylinder (6), the oxygen mask (8) is placed in a mounting cabinet, the mounting cabinet is fixed on the wall between the oxygen control box (7) and the cabin door (14), the oxygen mask (8), the oxygen control box (7) and the oxygen cylinder (6) are connected in sequence through the oxygen tube (22), and the oxygen cylinder (6) provides oxygen needed by danger prevention personnel through the oxygen mask (8) under the control of the oxygen control box (7).

7. The emergency danger avoiding device for tunnels according to claim 1, wherein a protective steel plate (13) is arranged outside the outer unit of the temperature adjusting device, ventilation holes (20) are formed in the protective steel plate (13), the temperature adjusting device (4) is matched with the outer unit of the temperature adjusting device, when the temperature in the cabin body (21) affects the normal survival of danger avoiding personnel, the outer unit of the temperature adjusting device (4) and the temperature adjusting device is used for adjusting the temperature in the cabin body (21) to be required by the normal survival of the danger avoiding personnel, and meanwhile, the outer unit of the temperature adjusting device (4) and the temperature adjusting device discharges foul air in the cabin body (21) to the outside of the cabin body (21) through the ventilation holes (20) so as to ensure the normal survival of the personnel in the cabin.

8. A tunnel emergency danger avoiding device according to claim 1, further comprising a communication device (9), wherein the communication device (9) is fixed on a wall surface on one side of the cabin door (14), a power supply is connected with one end of the communication device (9) through a switch (24), the other end of the communication device (9) is connected with a telephone of an out-of-hole monitoring room through a telephone line outside the cabin body (21), and the communication device (9) is used for enabling persons in danger to contact with the outside of the hole.

9. The emergency danger avoiding device for tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the power supply is a lithium battery (1), a power charging interface (18) is installed on the outer side of the wall surface of the cabin body (21), the power charging interface (18) is connected with the lithium battery (1) through a cable (23), an external power supply charges the lithium battery (1) through the power charging interface (18), and the sufficient electric power in the cabin body (21) is ensured all the time.

10. A method for using a tunnel emergency hedge device, which is based on any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized by comprising the following steps,

step 1, fixedly connecting the top of a cabin body (21) with the bottom of a tunnel excavation trolley (19) in a tunnel, wherein the cabin body (21) moves along with the tunnel excavation trolley (19);

step 2, when door closing collapse occurs in the tunnel construction process, starting a switch (24), wherein the switch (24) drives an illuminating lamp (2), a gas sensor (5), a temperature adjusting device (4) and an outer machine of the temperature adjusting device to normally work;

and 3, operating the oxygen cylinder (6) and the oxygen control box (7), enabling the oxygen cylinder (6) to provide oxygen through the oxygen mask (8), and providing food, drinking water, a first-aid kit and a maintenance box for the survival guarantee articles (12).

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