CN110829906B - Rapid braking control system and control method for three-phase switch reluctance motor - Google Patents
Rapid braking control system and control method for three-phase switch reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110829906B CN110829906B CN201911258950.3A CN201911258950A CN110829906B CN 110829906 B CN110829906 B CN 110829906B CN 201911258950 A CN201911258950 A CN 201911258950A CN 110829906 B CN110829906 B CN 110829906B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/24—Arrangements for stopping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid braking control system and a control method for a three-phase switch reluctance motor, wherein the rapid braking control system comprises a rectifying unit, a power conversion unit, a control unit and a braking unit, a braking current closed loop is realized in the braking process by adopting a braking IGBT module and a braking resistor, the rapid braking and frequent braking of the switch reluctance motor are realized, meanwhile, the closed loop control of the rotating speed and the current is realized in the braking process, the rotating speed and the current signals are synchronously received, and the relation among the braking time, the braking current and the rotating speed of a shafting is synchronously regulated through a DSP module, so that the rapid braking is realized, the shafting is stopped rotating in the appointed braking time, and the rapid braking control system has high accuracy, strong reliability and high flexibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a switch reluctance motor driving system, in particular to a three-phase switch reluctance motor rapid braking control system and a control method.
Background
With the rapid development of the motor industry, the advantages of the switched reluctance motor are more remarkable due to the advantages of wide speed regulation range, high efficiency, long service life, high investment benefit and the like of a speed regulation system, and the switched reluctance motor is widely applied to the fields of metallurgy, machinery, petroleum, ports and wharfs, mines, aerospace and the like. In many application fields, such as industries of machinery, tunnel drilling and the like, the motor is required to rotate forward and backward frequently, so that the braking time directly determines the working efficiency, and the braking time of the switched reluctance motor also provides more strict requirements.
The traditional switch reluctance motor and the transmission system thereof are braked by adopting an electromagnetic brake, and the braking mode not only needs to additionally install electromagnetic braking equipment in a narrow operation space, but also can generate a large amount of heat in the braking process, and needs to additionally install heat dissipation equipment for heat dissipation, so that frequent braking cannot be realized. More importantly, because the switch reluctance motor controller needs to stop working firstly during electromagnetic braking, when the electromagnetic brake stops after braking is finished, the switch reluctance motor controller is switched to a working state again, the braking time is long in the process, and the braking efficiency is low. Under the condition that the requirements on frequent braking and rapid specification are increasingly improved, the braking mode of the existing switch reluctance motor speed regulating system can not meet the use requirements.
The braking mode which has high efficiency, short braking time, accurate control of the braking time and frequent braking is needed to solve the problems of quick, accurate and efficient braking of the speed regulating system of the switch reluctance motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rapid braking control system and a control method for a three-phase switch reluctance motor, which can realize rapid braking and frequent braking of the switch reluctance motor, do not need to additionally add a heat dissipation system, reduce equipment cost and have the advantages of high reliability and high stability.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that:
The rapid braking control system of the three-phase switch reluctance motor comprises a rectifying unit, a power conversion unit, a control unit and a braking unit, wherein the rectifying unit provides power current required by the control system through a direct current bus;
the rectification unit is respectively connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the power conversion unit;
The power conversion unit comprises three asymmetric half-bridge power circuits which are connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
The braking unit comprises a braking IGBT module and a braking resistor, wherein the braking IGBT module is connected with the braking resistor in series and then connected with two ends of the rectifying circuit, and the control end of the braking IGBT module is connected with an IGBT driving circuit;
the control unit comprises a DSP module, a sampling module and other peripheral circuits, wherein the sampling module is respectively connected with the rectifying unit, the power conversion unit, the braking unit and the rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the sampling module collects voltage signals and current signals of the control system through the voltage sensor and the current sensor, the sampling module collects position signals of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the rotary encoder, and the DSP module sends PWM pulse signals to the power conversion unit and the braking unit according to the signals collected by the sampling module.
Further, the sampling module converts signals generated by the voltage sensor, the current sensor and the rotary encoder into analog signals which can be directly processed by the DSP module, the voltage sensor is connected in parallel at two ends of the direct current bus and used for collecting voltages at two ends of the direct current bus, the current sensor comprises a first current sensor and a second current sensor, the first current sensor is connected with the rectifying circuit and collects direct current bus current, and the second current sensor is connected with the braking unit and collects current consumed by the braking resistor in a power generation running state.
Further, the asymmetric half-bridge power circuit comprises two power IGBT modules, the two power IGBT modules are respectively connected with an incoming line end and an outgoing line end of a corresponding coil of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, and the control end of each power IGBT module is connected with an IGBT driving circuit.
Further, freewheeling diodes are connected in anti-parallel between the collector and the emitter of the braking IGBT module and the power IGBT module.
Further, the IGBT driving circuit adopts an isolation amplifying circuit.
Further, the sampling module adopts a differential amplifying circuit.
The invention also discloses a control method based on the three-phase switch reluctance motor rapid braking control system, which comprises the following steps:
A. The control unit acquires signals of a rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor and acquires the relative positions of the rotor and the stator;
B. the control unit judges whether a braking signal is received or not, the next step is carried out if the braking signal is not received, and the step D is carried out if the braking signal is received;
C. Applying exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, and enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter an electric operation mode;
the method comprises the following steps: the power unit applies exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor to drive the three-phase switch reluctance motor to run electrically, and current of the rectifying unit flows to a motor winding after being modulated by the power IGBT module from a bus positive electrode and then flows back to a bus negative electrode of the rectifying unit;
D. applying exciting current to an inductance descending region of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter a power generation operation mode, and rapidly braking the three-phase switch reluctance motor; the specific process is as follows:
d1: after receiving the braking signal, the power unit applies exciting current to the inductance descending area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, so that the three-phase switch reluctance motor generates electricity to operate, and mechanical energy of shafting rotation is converted into electric energy;
d2: the DSP module sends a braking PWM pulse to the braking IGBT driving circuit, the braking IGBT module is conducted, and the braking unit starts to work;
d3: the power generation current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor flows from one end of a motor winding to the positive electrode of a motor bus, flows to a braking resistor through a braking IGBT module, and flows back to the other end of the motor winding through the negative electrode of the bus;
d4: the electric energy generated by the braking unit is consumed on the braking resistor in the form of heat;
d5: in the braking process, the DSP module sends and drives PWM pulses to the power unit through the collected current information and voltage information, the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor is regulated, double closed-loop control of braking current and bus voltage is realized, generated power and braking power are balanced, and finally a braking effect is realized.
Further, the specific process of the step d5 is as follows:
d5.1: the DSP module collects the power generation current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the current flowing through a braking load in the braking unit and the voltages at two ends of the rectifying unit;
d5.2: calculating the power generated by the motor and the power consumed by the brake resistor;
d5.3: according to the generated power of the motor and the consumed power of the braking resistor, the DSP module adjusts the duty ratio of the driving PWM pulse through PI operation, adjusts the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor and the braking current of the braking unit, and keeps balance between the generated power of the motor and the consumed power of the braking resistor.
Further, the step d5.3 specifically includes: if the power consumption of the brake resistor is larger than the power generated by the motor, the PWM pulse duty ratio of the IGBT module of the brake circuit is reduced; and if the consumption power of the brake resistor is smaller than the generated power of the motor, the PWM pulse duty ratio of the IGBT module of the brake circuit is improved.
Further, the specific process of the step d5 is as follows: and inputting braking time to the DSP module, and performing PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulation control according to the generated current and the speed of the motor, so that the motor and the shafting stop within a specified time, and a timing braking function is realized.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The braking unit formed by the braking IGBT module and the braking resistor is adopted, so that braking current closed loop is realized in the braking process, meanwhile, the DSP module can adjust the energy generated by the motor in the braking process to be equal to the energy consumed by the resistor, and the switch reluctance motor and the shaft system can achieve the maximum braking torque which can be born on the premise of being allowed by a hardware circuit of a control system, so that the shortest braking time is achieved; the braking resistor is used as the consumption load of the braking unit, so that the energy generated by the switch reluctance motor in the braking process is consumed on the braking resistor in a heat form, and the braking resistor is provided with a heat dissipation system, so that frequent and repeated braking can be realized;
(2) Compared with the traditional electromagnetic braking system, the switch reluctance motor and the control system can realize the braking function by only adding a braking unit, do not need to additionally add a heat dissipation system, do not need special equipment such as a special power supply, an electromagnetic control system and the like, have high space utilization rate, can obviously improve economic benefit, reduce equipment cost, and simultaneously have the advantages of high reliability and strong stability;
(3) The control method of the invention realizes the rapid braking and frequent braking of the switch reluctance motor, and enables the switch reluctance motor and the shaft system to be switched from an electric operation state to a braking state or from the braking end to an operation state, without any mechanical operation, the time is only a few instruction periods of the DSP module operation, the switching time can reach millisecond level, and the braking efficiency of the invention is effectively improved; meanwhile, the closed-loop control of the rotating speed and the current is realized in the braking process, the rotating speed and the current signals are synchronously received, the relation among the braking time, the braking current and the rotating speed of the shafting is synchronously regulated through the DSP module, the rapid braking is realized, the shafting can be stopped rotating in the appointed braking time, and the accuracy, the reliability and the flexibility are high;
(4) The double closed-loop control of the braking current and the bus voltage is realized in the braking process, so that the occurrence of the damage to a control system caused by asynchronous changes of the bus voltage and the braking current peak value, such as bus overvoltage and overcurrent of a braking unit, is effectively avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the invention are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control method in the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention comprises a three-phase switch reluctance motor rapid braking control system and a braking method.
The braking control system comprises a rectifying unit, a power conversion unit, a control unit and a braking unit, wherein the rectifying unit provides power current required by the control system through a direct current bus;
the rectification unit is respectively connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the power conversion unit;
The power conversion unit comprises three asymmetric half-bridge power circuits which are connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
The braking unit comprises a braking IGBT module and a braking resistor, wherein the braking IGBT module is connected with the braking resistor in series and then connected with two ends of the rectifying circuit, and the control end of the braking IGBT module is connected with an IGBT driving circuit;
the control unit comprises a DSP module, a sampling module and other peripheral circuits, wherein the sampling module is respectively connected with the rectifying unit, the power conversion unit, the braking unit and the rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the sampling module collects voltage signals and current signals of the control system through the voltage sensor and the current sensor, the sampling module collects position signals of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the rotary encoder, and the DSP module sends PWM pulse signals to the power conversion unit and the braking unit according to the signals collected by the sampling module.
The brake control method comprises the following steps:
A. The control unit acquires signals of a rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor and acquires the relative positions of the rotor and the stator;
B. the control unit judges whether a braking signal is received or not, the next step is carried out if the braking signal is not received, and the step D is carried out if the braking signal is received;
C. Applying exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, and enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter an electric operation mode;
the method comprises the following steps: the power unit applies exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor to drive the three-phase switch reluctance motor to run electrically, and current of the rectifying unit flows to a motor winding after being modulated by the power IGBT module from a bus positive electrode and then flows back to a bus negative electrode of the rectifying unit;
D. applying exciting current to an inductance descending region of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter a power generation operation mode, and rapidly braking the three-phase switch reluctance motor; the specific process is as follows:
d1: after receiving the braking signal, the power unit applies exciting current to the inductance descending area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, so that the three-phase switch reluctance motor generates electricity to operate, and mechanical energy of shafting rotation is converted into electric energy;
d2: the DSP module sends a braking PWM pulse to the braking IGBT driving circuit, the braking IGBT module is conducted, and the braking unit starts to work;
d3: the power generation current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor flows from one end of a motor winding to the positive electrode of a motor bus, flows to a braking resistor through a braking IGBT module, and flows back to the other end of the motor winding through the negative electrode of the bus;
d4: the electric energy generated by the braking unit is consumed on the braking resistor in the form of heat;
d5: in the braking process, the DSP module sends and drives PWM pulses to the power unit through the collected current information and voltage information, the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor is regulated, double closed-loop control of braking current and bus voltage is realized, generated power and braking power are balanced, and finally a braking effect is realized.
For a better understanding of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a rapid braking control system of a three-phase switch reluctance motor, which comprises a rectifying unit, a power conversion unit, a control unit and a braking unit, wherein the rectifying unit provides power current required by the control system through a direct current bus.
The three-phase switch reluctance motor can run in four quadrants, and the control unit enables the three-phase switch reluctance motor to work in an electric state or a power generation state according to control requirements.
The rectification units are respectively connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the power conversion units.
The power conversion unit comprises three asymmetric half-bridge power circuits which are connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The asymmetric half-bridge power circuit comprises two power IGBT modules Q, wherein the two power IGBT modules Q are respectively connected in series with an incoming line end and an outgoing line end of a corresponding coil of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the control end of each power IGBT module Q is connected with an IGBT driving circuit, and the IGBT driving circuit adopts an isolation amplifying circuit; and a freewheeling diode D is connected in anti-parallel between the collector and the emitter of each power IGBT module Q, and extremely high self-inductance reverse voltage can be generated at the two ends in the moment of switching off the IGBT, so that the IGBT can be broken down, the self-inductance reverse voltage can be short-circuited by the increase of the freewheeling diode D, and the forward voltage is equivalent to switching off, so that the IGBT can be effectively protected.
The braking unit comprises a braking IGBT module Q' and a braking resistor R, wherein in the braking process, the mechanical energy of the switched reluctance motor is converted into electric energy, and the electric energy generated by braking is converted into heat energy through the braking resistor R to be consumed.
The collector and emitter of the braking IGBT module Q ' are connected with the two ends of the direct current bus in series, the control end of the braking IGBT module Q ' is connected with an IGBT driving circuit, the IGBT driving circuit is used for driving the on-off of the braking IGBT module Q ', and the IGBT driving circuit preferably adopts an isolation amplifying circuit; a freewheeling diode D ' is connected in anti-parallel between the collector and the emitter of the braking IGBT module Q ', and extremely high self-inductance reverse voltage is generated at the two ends at the moment of the turn-off of the IGBT, so that the IGBT is broken down, the self-inductance reverse voltage can be short-circuited by the increase of the freewheeling diode D ', and the forward voltage is equivalent to turn-off, so that the IGBT can be effectively protected.
The control unit comprises a DSP module, a sampling module and other peripheral circuits, wherein the sampling module is respectively connected with the rectifying unit, the power conversion unit, the braking unit and the rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the sampling module collects voltage signals and current signals of the control system through the voltage sensor and the current sensor, the sampling module collects stator and rotor position information of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the rotary encoder, and the DSP module sends PWM pulse signals to the power conversion unit and the braking unit according to signals collected by the sampling module.
The sampling module converts signals generated by the voltage sensor, the current sensor and the rotary encoder into analog signals which can be directly processed by the DSP module, the voltage sensor is connected in parallel at two ends of the direct current bus and used for collecting voltages at two ends of the direct current bus, the current sensor comprises a first current sensor and a second current sensor, the first current sensor is connected with the rectifying circuit and used for collecting direct current bus current, and the second current sensor is connected with the braking unit and used for collecting current consumed by the braking resistor in a power generation running state. The sampling module preferably adopts a differential amplifying circuit, and the voltage, current and position signals are converted into analog quantity signals which can be directly processed by the DSP module through the differential amplifying circuit.
According to the rapid braking control system disclosed by the invention, a braking unit consisting of the braking IGBT module Q' and the braking resistor R is adopted, so that braking current closed loop is realized in the braking process, meanwhile, the DSP module can adjust the energy generated by a motor in the braking process to be equal to the energy consumed by the resistor, and the maximum braking torque which can be born by the switch reluctance motor and the shaft system can be achieved under the premise of allowing a hardware circuit of the control system, so that the shortest braking time is achieved; by adopting the braking resistor R as the consumption load of the braking unit, the energy generated by the switch reluctance motor in the braking process is consumed on the braking resistor R in the form of heat, and the braking resistor R is provided with a heat dissipation system, so that frequent and repeated braking can be further ensured.
The invention also discloses a control method based on the three-phase switch reluctance motor rapid braking control system, which comprises the following steps:
A. the control unit acquires signals of a rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, and acquires the relative positions of the rotor and the stator.
B. The control unit judges whether a braking signal is received or not, the next step is carried out if the braking signal is not received, and the step D is carried out if the braking signal is received.
C. And applying exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, and enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter an electric operation mode. The method comprises the following steps:
The power unit applies exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor to drive the three-phase switch reluctance motor to run electrically, and the current of the power unit flows to a motor winding after being modulated by the power IGBT module Q from a bus positive electrode and then flows back to a bus negative electrode of the rectifying unit;
D. Applying exciting current to an inductance descending region of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter a power generation operation mode, and enabling a braking unit to rapidly brake the three-phase switch reluctance motor; the specific process is as follows:
d1: after receiving the braking signal, the rectifying unit applies exciting current to the inductance descending area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, so that the three-phase switch reluctance motor generates electricity to operate, and mechanical energy of shafting rotation is converted into electric energy;
d2: the DSP module sends a braking PWM pulse to the braking IGBT driving circuit, the braking IGBT module Q' is conducted, and the braking unit starts to work;
d3: the power generation current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor flows from one end of a motor winding to the positive electrode of a motor bus, flows to a braking resistor R through a braking IGBT module Q', and flows back to the other end of the motor winding through the negative electrode of the bus;
d4: the electric energy generated by the braking unit is consumed on the braking resistor R in the form of heat;
d5: in the braking process, the DSP module sends and drives PWM pulses to the power unit through the collected current information and voltage information, the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor is regulated, double closed-loop control of braking current and bus voltage is realized, generated power and braking power are balanced, and finally a braking effect is realized.
The specific process for regulating the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor is as follows:
the DSP module collects the power generation current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the current flowing through a braking load in the braking unit and the voltages at two ends of the rectifying unit;
d5.2: calculating the power generated by the motor and the power consumed by the brake resistor;
d5.3: according to the generated power of the motor and the consumed power of the braking resistor, the DSP module adjusts the duty ratio of the driving PWM pulse through PI operation, adjusts the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor and the braking current of the braking unit, and keeps balance between the generated power of the motor and the consumed power of the braking resistor. The method comprises the following steps: if the consumption power of the brake resistor R is larger than the generation power of the motor, the PWM pulse duty ratio of the IGBT module of the brake circuit is reduced; and if the consumption power of the brake resistor is smaller than the generated power of the motor, the PWM pulse duty ratio of the IGBT module of the brake circuit is improved.
It should be noted that how to drive different power IGBT modules Q to turn on to change the generated current is determined by calculating according to the relationship between the branch current and the final generated current, and the calculation mode is the existing mature technology, so that no further description is given here.
The larger the generated current is, the larger the braking power is, the shorter the braking time is, and the purpose of adjusting the braking time is achieved by adjusting the generated power and the braking power. The braking time can be input to the DSP module, and the DSP module carries out PID regulation control according to the magnitude of the generated current and the speed of the motor speed reduction, so that the motor and the shafting are stopped within a specified time, and the timing braking function is realized.
The quick braking control method disclosed by the invention realizes quick braking and frequent braking of the switch reluctance motor, enables the switch reluctance motor and a shaft system to be converted from an electric running state to a braking state or from braking end to a running state, has no mechanical operation, has the time of only a few instruction periods of DSP model operation, can reach millisecond level, and effectively improves the braking efficiency; meanwhile, the closed-loop control of the rotating speed and the current is realized in the braking process, the rotating speed and the current signals are synchronously received, the relation among the braking time, the braking current and the rotating speed of the shafting is synchronously regulated through the DSP module, the rapid braking is realized, the shafting can be stopped rotating in the appointed braking time, and the device is high in accuracy, high in reliability and high in flexibility.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A control method based on a three-phase switch reluctance motor rapid braking control system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the utility model provides a three-phase switch reluctance motor rapid braking control system, includes rectification unit, power conversion unit and control unit, and the rectification unit provides the required power current of control system through direct current busbar, its characterized in that: the brake unit is also included;
the rectification unit is respectively connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the power conversion unit;
The power conversion unit comprises three asymmetric half-bridge power circuits which are connected with three-phase coils of the three-phase switch reluctance motor in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
The braking unit comprises a braking IGBT module and a braking resistor, wherein the braking IGBT module is connected with the braking resistor in series and then connected with two ends of the rectifying circuit, and the control end of the braking IGBT module is connected with an IGBT driving circuit;
The control unit comprises a DSP module, a sampling module and a peripheral circuit, wherein the sampling module is respectively connected with the rectifying unit, the power conversion unit, the braking unit and the rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the sampling module collects voltage signals and current signals of the control system through the voltage sensor and the current sensor, the sampling module collects position signals of the three-phase switch reluctance motor through the rotary encoder, and the DSP module sends PWM pulse signals to the power conversion unit and the braking unit according to the signals collected by the sampling module; the sampling module converts signals generated by the voltage sensor, the current sensor and the rotary encoder into analog signals which can be directly processed by the DSP module, the voltage sensor is connected in parallel at two ends of the direct current bus and is used for collecting voltages at two ends of the direct current bus, the current sensor comprises a first current sensor and a second current sensor, the first current sensor is connected with the rectifying circuit and is used for collecting direct current bus current, and the second current sensor is connected with the braking unit and is used for collecting current consumed by the braking resistor in a power generation running state;
The method also comprises the following steps:
A. The control unit acquires signals of a rotary encoder of the three-phase switch reluctance motor and acquires the relative positions of the rotor and the stator;
B. the control unit judges whether a braking signal is received or not, the next step is carried out if the braking signal is not received, and the step D is carried out if the braking signal is received;
C. Applying exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, and enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter an electric operation mode;
the method comprises the following steps: the power unit applies exciting current to an inductance rising area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor to drive the three-phase switch reluctance motor to run electrically, and current of the rectifying unit flows to a motor winding after being modulated by the power IGBT module from a bus positive electrode and then flows back to a bus negative electrode of the rectifying unit;
D. applying exciting current to an inductance descending region of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, enabling the three-phase switch reluctance motor to enter a power generation operation mode, and rapidly braking the three-phase switch reluctance motor; the specific process is as follows:
d1: after receiving the braking signal, the power unit applies exciting current to the inductance descending area of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, so that the three-phase switch reluctance motor generates electricity to operate, and mechanical energy of shafting rotation is converted into electric energy;
d2: the DSP module sends a braking PWM pulse to the braking IGBT driving circuit, the braking IGBT module is conducted, and the braking unit starts to work;
d3: the power generation current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor flows from one end of a motor winding to the positive electrode of a motor bus, flows to a braking resistor through a braking IGBT module, and flows back to the other end of the motor winding through the negative electrode of the bus;
d4: the electric energy generated by the braking unit is consumed on the braking resistor in the form of heat;
d5: in the braking process, the DSP module sends driving PWM pulses to the power unit through the collected current information and voltage information, the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor is regulated, double closed-loop control of braking current and bus voltage is realized, the generated power and braking power are balanced, and finally the braking effect is realized; the specific process of step d5 is as follows:
d5.1: the DSP module collects the power generation current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor, the current flowing through a braking load in the braking unit and the voltages at two ends of the rectifying unit;
d5.2: calculating the power generated by the motor and the power consumed by the brake resistor;
d5.3: according to the generated power of the motor and the consumed power of the braking resistor, the DSP module adjusts the duty ratio of the driving PWM pulse through PI operation, adjusts the generated current of the three-phase switch reluctance motor and the braking current of the braking unit, and keeps balance between the generated power of the motor and the consumed power of the braking resistor.
2. The control method of the rapid braking control system of the three-phase switch reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein: the step d5.3 specifically comprises the following steps: if the power consumption of the brake resistor is larger than the power generated by the motor, the PWM pulse duty ratio of the IGBT module of the brake circuit is reduced; and if the consumption power of the brake resistor is smaller than the generated power of the motor, the PWM pulse duty ratio of the IGBT module of the brake circuit is improved.
3. The control method of the rapid braking control system of the three-phase switch reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein: the specific process of the step d5 is as follows: and inputting braking time to the DSP module, and performing PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulation control according to the generated current and the speed of the motor, so that the motor and the shafting stop within a specified time, and a timing braking function is realized.
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| CN112436763A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-02 | 江苏雷利电机股份有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor brake control system and control method |
| BR102020026546A2 (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-07-05 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | METHOD AND APPARATUS |
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| CN1149674A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-05-14 | 科普兰公司 | Rotary compressor braked by reverse rotation |
| CN1354556A (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2002-06-19 | 深圳安圣电气有限公司 | Method for preventing bus voltage from excessing |
| CN109995276A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-09 | 江苏雷利电机股份有限公司 | Switched reluctance machines brake apparatus, reluctance motor and working method |
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