CN110801946A - A nozzle with a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a nozzle with a torsional round-corner rectangular spray hole, which comprises a nozzle body, wherein one or more spray holes are arranged on the nozzle body, the cross section of at least one spray hole is a round-corner rectangle, the long axis of the round-corner rectangle rotates along the axis of the spray hole, and the length-width ratio of the round-corner rectangle can be changed along the axis of the spray hole. The invention adopts the spray hole with the torsional round-angle rectangular cross section, can form strong turbulence disturbance inside the spray hole to promote jet flow diffusion and mixing, adopts the design of variable length-width ratio of the round-angle rectangular to ensure that the spray hole has good pressure maintaining performance and cavitation characteristic, further improves jet flow mixing and diffusion, and has small processing difficulty by adopting the round-angle rectangular. The numerical calculation shows that the spray particle average diameter can be reduced by 13%, the engine thermal efficiency can be improved by 2.3%, and the particulate matter emission can be reduced by 23% when the spray particle average diameter is reduced by 13% under the same injection pressure.

Description

A nozzle with a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fluid injection, in particular, to a nozzle with a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle hole.

Background technique

In the application practice in many fields such as industry, agriculture, medical and health, national defense technology, etc., fluid injection technology is involved, and the fluid is injected by nozzles under a certain pressure to achieve their respective purposes. For example, in the field of internal combustion engines, when using liquid fuel, a certain amount of liquid fuel needs to be injected into the intake pipeline or cylinder through a pressure nozzle in a very short time to form a spray, so that the fuel and air can be quickly and fully mixed and burned. The carrier that carries out the injection has an important influence on the spray characteristics of the liquid fuel, which in turn affects the combustion and emission characteristics of the internal combustion engine.

Generally, nozzle holes need to be set in the fluid nozzle, and the geometry and size of the nozzle holes have an important influence on the spray characteristics. Currently, the most used nozzles are circular in cross-section, such as cylindrical nozzles and conical nozzles. Conical nozzles include tapered and tapered nozzles.

It is well known that the internal geometry of a fluid nozzle affects its internal flow field properties. For example, in the field of internal combustion engines, the internal geometry of the liquid fuel nozzle affects its cavitation bubble generation characteristics, pressure and velocity distribution characteristics, and then affects the spray characteristics of the liquid fuel. Improving fluid ejection characteristics through innovative design of fluid nozzle internal geometry is an important technological approach. Compared with the round and oval shapes, the rounded rectangle has better spray effect, and the processing difficulty is similar; compared with the narrow slot type and the figure-8 structure, the spray effect is slightly worse, but the processing difficulty is much less. Therefore, the present invention proposes a nozzle with a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle hole, which can increase the spray volume, increase the fluid turbulence intensity, and improve the spray jet flow and mixing effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the above-mentioned technical problem, a nozzle with a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle hole is provided. The present invention can generate suitable internal turbulent disturbances, thereby further improving the liquid spray characteristics. If this type of nozzle is used in an internal combustion engine, suitable cavitation bubbles and velocity distribution characteristics can be generated inside the nozzle, thereby improving the formation of the spray mixture and the combustion performance of the engine.

The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

A nozzle with a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle, comprising a nozzle body, one or more nozzles are arranged on the nozzle body, wherein the cross section of at least one nozzle is a rounded rectangle, and the length of the rounded rectangle is The shaft rotates along the orifice axis, and the aspect ratio of the rounded rectangle may vary along the orifice axis.

Further, the twisting direction of the rounded rectangle may be clockwise or counterclockwise.

Further, the area of the nozzle holes from the inlet to the outlet remains unchanged, first decreases and then increases, gradually increases, gradually decreases, and first increases and then decreases.

Further, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the orifice is any one of a rectangle, a tapered type, a tapered type, a tapered-to-expanded type, and a tapered-to-converged type.

Further, the nozzle adopts mold forming or 3D printing technology.

The present invention is applicable to various fields that need to use equipment such as nozzles, spray heads or injectors to spray liquid or gas. Compared with the prior art, the invention can strengthen the turbulent flow disturbance inside the nozzle hole, and can also improve the generation and velocity distribution of cavitation bubbles inside the nozzle under the condition of liquid injection, so that the nozzle can obtain better injection and mixing characteristics. For example, it can reduce the average diameter of spray particles by 13% under the same injection pressure, improve the thermal efficiency of the engine by 2.3%, and reduce the emission of particulate matter by 23%. For the above reasons, the present invention can be widely applied in the field of fluid ejection technology.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional structure with an equal-area twisted rounded rectangular nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fluid nozzle body and nozzle holes of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional structure with a tapered-expanded twisted rounded rectangular nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional structure with a gradually expanding twisted rounded rectangular nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional structure with a tapered twisted rounded rectangular nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional structure with a gradually expanding and tapering twisted rounded rectangular nozzle hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Nozzle body; 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, nozzle hole with rounded rectangular cross-section; 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, inlet of nozzle with rounded rectangular cross-section; 5, 8 , 11, 14, 17, rounded rectangular cross-section nozzle outlet.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for convenience of description, the dimensions of various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as illustrative only and not limiting. Accordingly, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations indicated by orientation words such as "front, rear, top, bottom, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. Or the positional relationship is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these orientation words do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element unless otherwise stated. It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "on", "over", "on the surface", "above", etc., may be used herein to describe what is shown in the figures. The spatial positional relationship of one device or feature shown to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or features would then be oriented "below" or "over" the other devices or features under its device or structure". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "below." The device may also be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the present invention provides a nozzle with a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle hole, comprising a nozzle body 1 on which one or more nozzle holes 2 are arranged, wherein the cross section of at least one nozzle hole is For a rectangle with rounded corners, the long axis of the rectangle with rounded corners rotates along the axis of the nozzle hole, and the aspect ratio of the rectangle with rounded corners can vary along the axis of the nozzle hole.

The twist direction of the rounded rectangle can be clockwise or counterclockwise. The area of the nozzle hole from the inlet to the outlet remains unchanged, first decreases and then increases, gradually increases, gradually decreases, and first increases and then decreases. The shape of the longitudinal section of the orifice is any one of rectangle, tapered, tapered, tapered- tapered and tapered- tapered.

The nozzle adopts mold forming or 3D printing technology.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the cross-sectional area of the nozzle hole is a rounded rectangle. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area and aspect ratio of the nozzle hole 3 from the inlet 4 to the outlet 5 are kept the same, and the vertical cross-sectional shape is straight. , the rounded rectangle is twisted 360° counterclockwise. Compared with the circular straight hole, the twisted design can enhance the disturbance and promote the spray breaking and mixing, and the rounded rectangle is not difficult to process.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 3, in this example, the area and shape of the inlet 7 and the outlet 8 of the nozzle hole 6 are exactly the same, but in the middle section, the cross-sectional area and the longitudinal section are tapered and expanded, which can further improve the injection of speed and spoiler intensity, the rounded rectangle is twisted 360° clockwise.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 4. In this embodiment, the inlet 10 of the injection hole 9 is smaller than the outlet 11, the middle section of the injection hole 9 presents a gradually expanding structure, and the rounded rectangle is twisted 360° clockwise. The gradual expansion type can reduce the number of cavitation bubbles. Large, conducive to spray breaking.

Example 4

As shown in Figure 5. In this embodiment, the inlet 13 of the nozzle hole 12 is larger than the outlet 14, and the overall shape is a tapered structure, and the rounded rectangle is twisted 360° counterclockwise.

Example 5

As shown in Figure 6. In this embodiment, the area and shape of the inlet 16 and the outlet 17 of the nozzle hole 15 are exactly the same, the cross-sectional area and longitudinal section of the middle section are gradually expanded and tapered, and the rounded rectangle is twisted 360° clockwise.

The above example is only a schematic diagram of a partial structure, and the change of the aspect ratio of the rounded rectangle, the change of the cross-sectional area, the structural type of the vertical cross-section, and the angle of twist can be arbitrarily combined.

Compared with the circular straight hole, the nozzle hole of this example has the characteristics of a twisted rounded rectangular nozzle hole to enhance the internal turbulence disturbance, and because of its tapered-expanded structure, the nozzle hole described in this example has both a tapered shape and a tapered shape. The strong pressure maintaining effect caused by the shrinking nozzle structure increases the total energy of the fuel at the nozzle outlet, and has the characteristics of a large number of cavitation bubbles at the gradually expanding nozzle outlet. This structure increases the total energy of the nozzle outlet and increases the number density of cavitation bubbles. The collapse of these bubbles will further promote the atomization and mixing of the fuel jet. Through numerical calculation, it is found that the invention can reduce the average diameter of spray particles by 13%, increase the thermal efficiency of the engine by 2.3%, and reduce the emission of particulate matter by 23% under the same injection pressure when applied to a direct-injection diesel engine.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (5)

1. A nozzle with torsional round-corner rectangular spray holes comprises a nozzle body, wherein one or more spray holes are formed in the nozzle body, and the cross section of at least one spray hole is a round-corner rectangle, the long axis of the round-corner rectangle rotates along the axis of the spray hole, and the length-width ratio of the round-corner rectangle can be changed along the axis of the spray hole.

2. The nozzle with the twisted rounded rectangular orifice of claim 1, wherein the direction of the twist of the rounded rectangle can be clockwise or counterclockwise.

3. The nozzle of claim 1 or 2, wherein the area of the nozzle bore from the inlet to the outlet is either constant, decreasing then increasing, decreasing and increasing then decreasing.

4. The nozzle of claim 3, wherein the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the nozzle orifice is any one of a rectangle, a tapered type, a divergent type, a convergent-divergent type, and a divergent-divergent type.

5. The nozzle with the twisted rounded rectangular orifice according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is formed by die forming or 3D printing.

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