CN110745943A - Method for denitrification based on short-term hunger and denitrification biological filter system - Google Patents
Method for denitrification based on short-term hunger and denitrification biological filter system Download PDFInfo
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- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032770 biofilm formation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 9
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 6
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 COD/TN Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/286—Anaerobic digestion processes including two or more steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and provides a denitrification method based on short-term hunger and a denitrification biological filter system, which comprises the steps of respectively inoculating and biofilm culturing a first denitrification biological filter and a second denitrification biological filter, and stably operating for a plurality of days after biofilm culturing is finished; the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter are connected in series, so that sewage is alternately fed along the two denitrification biological filters in a reversing way, and only the denitrification biological filter through which fluid flows first is supplied with carbon, and the sewage is stably operated for a plurality of hours. According to the method for denitrifying based on short-term hunger, the two filter tanks are connected in series and operate in an alternate water inlet and outlet mode, alternate operation of a short-term hunger state and a nutrient recovery state is achieved, denitrifying bacteria are activated in the short-term hunger state, and after a carbon source is added again, the higher consumption capacity is shown, so that the problem that COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the effluent cannot reach the standard stably due to excessive introduction of the carbon source during complete denitrification is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a denitrification method based on short-term hunger and a denitrification biological filter system.
Background
When the microorganisms in the activated sludge or the biomembrane face a severe hunger environment, various hunger coping mechanisms are developed for the microorganisms to ensure the long-term maintenance of cells. The fittest survives and the microorganisms with stronger viability survive and multiply in response to starvation. Meanwhile, nutrients are added after short-term hunger, so that the activity of the microorganisms can be stimulated, and the microorganisms can show stronger consumption capacity when regaining food.
The denitrification biological filter is a common and effective three-stage denitrification process. The denitrifying bacteria use organic matter as electron acceptor and nitrate Nitrogen (NO)3 --N) is the energy required in the synthesis of vital activities by the electron donor. Thus, organic matter and NO3 -N is a food of denitrifying bacteria, and the ratio of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) to Total Nitrogen (TN), i.e., COD/TN, is controlled to be 4 to 5. After the wastewater is treated by the traditional activated sludge method and before the wastewater enters the denitrification biological filter, easily degradable organic matters are almost consumed by microorganisms, so that an additional carbon source is needed in the denitrification biological filter.
In the operation process of the existing common denitrification biological filter, if the addition of carbon source is insufficient, the denitrification is not thorough, and nitrate Nitrogen (NO) exists3 --N) and nitrous Nitrogen (NO)2 --N) accumulation; if complete denitrification is ensured, the COD in the effluent water can not reach the standard stably after excessive organic matters are added.
Therefore, in order to recover stronger consumption capacity of microorganisms during nutrition after short-term hunger and solve the problem that COD of effluent cannot reach the standard stably due to the introduction of a carbon source during complete nitrification, two identical denitrification biological filters are creatively connected in series and alternately run in and out of water in an alternate running mode, so that the alternate running of the short-term hunger state and the recovery of the nutrition state is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a denitrification method based on short-term hunger and a denitrification biological filter system, which are used for solving the problem that the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) does not reach the standard when complete denitrification is carried out in the denitrification process.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a denitrification method based on short-term hunger, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, respectively inoculating and filming a first denitrification biological filter and a second denitrification biological filter, and after filming is finished, respectively and stably operating the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter for a plurality of days;
step S2, connecting the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter in series after finishing membrane hanging;
step S3, enabling fluid to flow along the forward direction of the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter, supplying carbon to the first denitrification biological filter by a carbon source adding device, enabling the second denitrification biological filter to be in a short-term hungry state, adjusting the flow direction of the fluid after running for a plurality of hours, enabling the fluid to flow along the reverse direction of the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter, supplying carbon to the second denitrification biological filter by the carbon source adding device, and running for a plurality of hours, enabling the first denitrification biological filter to be in a short-term hungry state;
in step S4, the operation of step S3 is repeated.
In step S3, the operation time of the fluid flowing in the forward direction is 24-72 hours, and the operation time of the fluid flowing in the reverse direction is 24-72 hours.
In step S1, when the total nitrogen removal rate of the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter is stabilized at 60% -80%, and the nitrate nitrogen removal rate is stabilized at 65% -85%, the biofilm formation is considered to be completed.
In step S1, the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter stably operate for 15-30 days respectively.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a denitrification biofilter system, which comprises a first denitrification biofilter, a second denitrification biofilter, a carbon source adding device, a backwashing system and a control device, wherein the first denitrification biofilter is connected with the second denitrification biofilter in series, the control device is used for controlling fluid to flow along the flowing direction of the first denitrification biofilter and the second denitrification biofilter, controlling the carbon source adding device to supply carbon to the filter through which the fluid in the first denitrification biofilter and the second denitrification biofilter flows first, and controlling the backwashing system to perform backwashing on the first denitrification biofilter and the second denitrification biofilter.
The first denitrification biological filter comprises a first inlet and a first outlet which are oppositely arranged, the second denitrification biological filter comprises a second inlet and a second outlet which are oppositely arranged, and the first outlet is connected with the second inlet through a first connecting pipeline and is a forward flow; the first inlet is connected with the second outlet through a second connecting pipeline and is reverse flow; the control device controls the first connecting pipeline and the second connecting pipeline to alternately circulate.
The first connecting pipeline is provided with a first water pump, the second connecting pipeline is provided with a second water pump, and the first water pump and the second water pump are respectively in signal connection with the control device.
The first denitrification biological filter is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet; the second denitrification biological filter is provided with a second water inlet and a second water outlet, valves are respectively arranged on the first water inlet, the first water outlet, the second water inlet and the second water outlet, and the control device is respectively connected with the valves through signals.
The device comprises a carbon source adding device, a first denitrification biological filter, a second denitrification biological filter, a control device and a control device, wherein the carbon source adding device is only one, the carbon source adding device is connected with the first denitrification biological filter through a first carbon adding pump, the carbon source adding device is connected with the second denitrification biological filter through a second carbon adding pump, and the control device is respectively in signal connection with the first carbon adding pump and the second carbon adding pump.
The denitrification method based on short-term hunger helps to improve denitrification efficiency, the former filter is in a carbon supply state and the latter filter is in a non-carbon supply hungry state along the flow direction of fluid, the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter alternately work to enable denitrifying bacteria in one filter to be in a short-term hungry state, and denitrifying bacteria in the other filter are in a nutrient recovery state, the alternate operation of the short-term hungry state and the nutrient recovery state is realized by connecting the two filters in series and operating in an alternate water inlet and outlet mode, the activity of the denitrifying bacteria in the short-term hungry state is excited, and NO is treated after carbon sources are added again3 -The N and the organic matters show stronger consumption capability, and the problem that the COD of the effluent cannot stably reach the standard due to excessive introduction of a carbon source during complete denitrification is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a denitrification biological filter system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of the change in TN concentration and removal rate of inlet and outlet water before and after short-term starvation in the results of experiments using the method for denitrification based on short-term starvation according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of the change in nitrate nitrogen concentration and removal rate of inlet and outlet water before and after short-term starvation in the results of experiments using the method for denitrification based on short-term starvation according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the consumption capacity of denitrifying bacteria to chemical oxygen demand before and after short-term hunger in the results of another experiment using the method for denitrification based on short-term hunger according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the change in effluent TN concentration before and after short-term starvation for case two in the results of another experiment using the method of denitrification based on short-term starvation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the change in nitrate nitrogen concentration before and after short-term starvation in the results of another experiment using the method for denitrification based on short-term starvation according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first denitrification biological filter; 11. a first water inlet; 12. a first water outlet; 2. a second denitrification biological filter; 21. a second water inlet; 22. a second water outlet; 3. a carbon source adding device; 41. a first backwash water flushing unit; 42. a second backwash water flushing unit; 43. a first backwash air-blast unit; 44. a second backwash air-blast unit; 5. a control device; 6. a first carbon adding pump; 7. a second carbon adding pump; 8. a first connecting pipe; 9. a second connecting conduit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in figure 1, the denitrification biological filter system comprises a first denitrification biological filter 1, a second denitrification biological filter 2, a carbon source adding device 3, a gas-water combined backwashing system and a control device 5. The first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 can be denitrification filters with the same specification or denitrification filters with different specifications. And the carbon source adding device 3 is used for supplying carbon to the first denitrification biological filter 1 or the second denitrification biological filter 2. The first denitrification biological filter 1 is connected with the second denitrification biological filter 2 in series, and the control device 5 is used for controlling sewage to flow along the flowing direction of the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 and controlling the carbon source adding device 3 to supply carbon to the filter through which fluid flows in the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 and controlling the backwashing frequency and intensity. Specifically, the sewage may flow through the first denitrification biological filter 1 first, and then flow through the second denitrification biological filter 2; or the sewage flows through the second denitrification biological filter 2 and then flows through the first denitrification biological filter 1, and the flow direction of the sewage is controlled and adjusted by the control device 5. When sewage flows through the first denitrification biological filter 1 and then flows through the second denitrification biological filter 2, only carbon is supplied to the first denitrification biological filter 1, so that the first denitrification biological filter 1 is in a nutrition state, and the second denitrification biological filter 2 is in a hungry state; when fluid flows through the second denitrification biological filter 2 firstly and then flows through the first denitrification biological filter 1, only carbon is supplied to the second denitrification biological filter 2, so that the first denitrification biological filter 1 is in a hungry state, and the second denitrification biological filter 2 is in a nutritive state.
According to the denitrification biological filter system provided by the embodiment of the invention, along the flow direction of wastewater, the former filter is in a carbon supply state, the latter filter is in a starvation state without carbon supply, the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 alternately work, so that the activity of denitrifying bacteria is enhanced after the denitrifying bacteria are in a short-term starvation state, namely the denitrifying bacteria have stronger consumption capacity on nitrate nitrogen and organic matters, the nitrogen removal capacity is obviously increased, a carbon source is added into the filter which is originally in the starvation state after the flow direction is adjusted, the requirement on the organic matters is reduced by newly obtaining the nutritive denitrifying bacteria, extracellular substances of bacteria and part of original organic matters in inflow water can be utilized, and complete denitrification can be realized even if less carbon source is added. The denitrification biological filter system provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes the characteristic that microorganisms have stronger consumption capacity when recovering nutrition after short-term hunger, and the two filters are connected in series and run in an alternate water inlet and outlet mode, so that alternate running of short-term hunger state and recovery nutrition state is realized, and the problem that COD (chemical oxygen demand) of effluent cannot reach the standard stably due to introduction of a carbon source during complete nitrification is solved.
Wherein, the number of the carbon source adding devices 3 can be one or more. When only one carbon source adding device 3 is provided, the carbon supply requirements of the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 are both supplied by the carbon source adding device 3, specifically, the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 are respectively connected with the carbon source adding device 3 through pipelines, a first carbon adding pump 6 is installed on a connecting pipeline between the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the carbon source adding device 3, a second carbon adding pump 7 is installed on a connecting pipeline between the second denitrification biological filter 2 and the carbon source adding device 3, and the control device 5 is respectively in signal connection with the first carbon adding pump 6 and the second carbon adding pump 7. Under the control of the control device 5, the first carbon adding pump 6 or the second carbon adding pump 7 is started to supply carbon to the corresponding filter chamber. When two or more carbon source adding devices 3 are arranged, the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 are respectively connected with at least one independent carbon source adding device 3, and the working states of the carbon source adding devices 3 can be controlled by the control device 5 so as to supply carbon for the filters needing carbon supply.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first denitrification biological filter 1 comprises a first inlet and a first outlet which are oppositely arranged, the first inlet is positioned above the first outlet, and fluid flows to the first outlet under the action of gravity after entering from the first inlet. Similarly, the second denitrification biological filter 2 comprises a second inlet and a second outlet which are oppositely arranged, and the second inlet is positioned above the second outlet. Wherein the first outlet is connected with the second inlet through a first connecting pipeline 8, and the first inlet is connected with the second outlet through a second connecting pipeline 9. Therefore, when one of the first connecting pipeline 8 and the second connecting pipeline 9 is communicated, fluid can flow from one of the filter tanks to the other filter tank, namely the first denitrification biological filter tank 1 and the second denitrification biological filter tank 2 are connected in series. The control device 5 is used to control the first connecting line 8 and the second connecting line 9 to alternatively circulate, thereby adjusting the circulation direction of the fluid.
Specifically, a first water pump is installed on the first connecting pipeline 8, a second water pump is installed on the second connecting pipeline 9, and the control device 5 is in signal connection with the first water pump and the second water pump respectively. Under the control of the control device 5, the first water pump and the second water pump work alternately, so that the flow direction of the fluid is changed, the two filter tanks are alternately in a hungry state and a nutritional state, and the denitrification process is ensured to be performed stably and efficiently. The control device 5 can be a PLC controller, the controller is connected with each valve and each water pump, and the alternating operation of the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 is controlled by controlling the on-off of each valve and each water pump.
It should be noted that, in the denitrification biological filter system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the filter chambers is not limited to two, and the plurality of filter chambers are connected in series to ensure that the fluid can move in the forward direction and the reverse direction, and can also perform the alternate operation by controlling the carbon supply of the carbon source adding device 3, so as to excite the activity of the denitrification bacteria in the filter chambers in the starvation state.
Specifically, the first denitrification biological filter 1 is further connected with a first backwashing water flushing unit 41 and a first backwashing air flushing unit 43, and the second denitrification biological filter 2 is connected with a second backwashing water flushing unit 42 and a second backwashing air flushing unit 44. The control device 5 controls the water pumps and valves in each unit to be opened, and controls the strength and frequency of air impact and water impact by controlling the working efficiency of the water pumps. When the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 need to be backwashed, the first backwash water flushing unit 41, the first backwash air flushing unit 43, the second backwash water flushing unit 42 and the second backwash air flushing unit 44 are controlled by the control device 5 to selectively flush water and/or flush air.
In the denitrification biological filter system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first denitrification biological filter 1 is provided with the first water inlet 11 and the first water outlet 12, and the second denitrification biological filter 2 is provided with the second water inlet 21 and the second water outlet 22. Valves are arranged on the first water inlet 11, the first water outlet 12, the second water inlet 21 and the second water outlet 22, and the control device 5 is in signal connection with each valve. When the first connecting pipeline 8 is communicated, the first water inlet 11 and the second water outlet 22 are opened, the first water outlet 12 and the second water inlet 21 are closed, and fluid firstly passes through the first denitrification biological filter 1 and then enters the second denitrification biological filter 2 through the first connecting pipeline 8; when the second connecting pipeline 9 is communicated, the first water inlet 11 and the second water outlet 22 are closed, the first water outlet 12 and the second water inlet 21 are opened, and fluid firstly enters the second denitrification biological filter 2 and then flows into the first denitrification biological filter 1 through the second connecting pipeline 9.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a denitrification method based on short-term hunger, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: and (3) a membrane hanging starting stage of the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2. Taking 100.0L of aeration tank activated sludge subjected to sedimentation and concentration as inoculation sludge of the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2, adding a proper amount of sodium acetate and sodium nitrate as a carbon source and a nitrogen source into the aeration tank activated sludge every day, and manually stirring the mixture uniformly for 5 days. After 5d the activated inoculated sludge was transferred to two filters and circulated up and down with peristaltic pumps for 14d, during which time sodium acetate and sodium nitrate were added daily to the upper part of the filter to supplement the nutrients. And after 14 days, backwashing the filter for several times to discharge the excess sludge. Then the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank is respectively introduced from a first water inlet 11 and a second water inlet 21, and the two filter tanks independently run to TN and NO3 -And after the-N removal rate reaches 60% -80% and 65% -85%, continuing to stably operate for 15-30 d.
The second step is that: short-term starvation treatment method. And (3) connecting the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 in series after the membrane hanging is finished, wherein firstly, a first water outlet 12, a second water inlet 21, a second carbon adding pump 7 and a second water pump are arranged. Only the first water inlet 11, the second water outlet 22, the first carbon adding pump 6 and the first water pump are started. The wastewater firstly flows through the first denitrification biological filter 1 and then enters the second denitrification biological filter 2. The adding amount of the carbon source adding device 3 is added according to the COD/TN of 5. After the wastewater passes through the first denitrification biological filter 1, the wastewater basically consumes nutrient substances and enters the second denitrification biological filter 2, and the hungry state treatment of the denitrification biological filter can be realized.
The third step: the high activity state after short term starvation was exploited. And changing the water inlet and outlet directions after the second denitrification biological filter 2 is in a hungry state for 24-72 hours. And (3) enabling the wastewater to pass through the second denitrification biological filter 2 in a starvation state, then pass through the first denitrification biological filter 1, and then operate for 24-72 hours. The operation mode not only utilizes the high activity state of the second denitrification biological filter 2 after short-term hungry, but also realizes short-term hungry treatment of the first denitrification biological filter 1. Therefore, the equipment is operated alternately in 48-144 h as a period, so that the denitrifying bacteria in one filter are ensured to be in a high-activity state after starvation, and the denitrifying bacteria in the other filter are ensured to be in a starvation state.
Compared with the prior denitrification biological filter technology, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) after short-term starvation treatment, denitrifying bacteria are used for NO3 -The consumption capacity of N and organic matters is stronger, and the removal rate of TN can be obviously improved.
(2) The requirement of the denitrifying bacteria after short-term hungry on the carbon source adding device 3 is reduced, and the adding amount of the carbon source adding device 3 can be reduced.
(3) The short-term starvation treatment can effectively control the yield of the biological membrane, reduce the back washing times of equipment and save energy consumption.
(4) According to various coping mechanisms generated by microorganisms in a severe hunger environment, repeated short-term hunger treatment is utilized, the microorganisms subjected to the repeated short-term hunger treatment can be rapidly adapted to continuously propagate and live, denitrifying bacteria with stronger activity and hunger resistance are elutriated in a denitrifying biofilter system, and the system is continuously in a virtuous cycle repeatedly and can stably maintain a high-efficiency denitrifying process.
(5) The method has simple mode for realizing efficient denitrification and can be fully automatically controlled.
The effluent of a secondary sedimentation tank of a certain sewage treatment plant in Suzhou city is taken as a research object, and the water quality condition is as follows: COD concentration is 15.43-33.27 mg/L, TN concentration is 8.27-10.36 mg/L, NO3 --N concentration of 7.22-8.69 mg/L, free Nitrogen (NH)4 +-N) concentration of 0.09 to 1.08mg/L, NO2 -The concentration of-N is 0.06-0.34 mg/L. And (3) carrying out a test of realizing high-efficiency denitrification by short-term hunger by adopting a denitrification biological filter system which is independently developed.
The diameter of the denitrification biological filter is 300mm, the total height is 1930mm, the bottom of the denitrification biological filter is provided with a hollow supporting layer of 200mm, the height of the filter material layer is 1100mm, and the effective volume is 57.96L. The filter material is made of ductile spherical clay material, the particle size is 4-8 mm, and the specific surface area is 500m2/m3And the density is 1.2-1.4 kg/L. Sodium acetate is used as a carbon source, and the adding amount is calculated according to the COD/TN of 5. The design flow rate was 90L/h and the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) was 20.2 min. The backwashing adopts a gas-water combined flushing mode, the backwashing period is 24 hours, the gas flushing strength is 80L/h, the water flushing strength is 1200L/h, and the flushing time is 11 min.
Example one
The sludge of an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant in Suzhou city is used as the inoculated sludge, and the membrane formation is carried out according to the step S1, wherein the dosage of the sodium acetate and the sodium nitrate is 621mL/d (4.6%) of sodium acetate solution and 780mL/d (3.5%) of sodium nitrate solution respectively. After the film formation is finished, the operation is stably carried out for 15 days, the effluent TN concentration is 1.09-1.55 mg/L, and the removal rate is 83.0% -88.0%; NO of effluent3 -The concentration of-N is 0.26-1.11 mg/L, and the removal rate is 86.2% -97.7%.
And then closing a first carbon adding pump 6 or a second carbon adding pump 7 in the denitrification biological filter system to enable denitrifying bacteria to be in a hungry state, opening the closed carbon adding pump again after 48 hours and starting the originally closed carbon adding pump, adding a sodium acetate solution according to the COD/TN of 5, detecting the COD change and the nitrogen change in the inlet and outlet water after 48 hours, and repeating the steps.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in TN concentration of the effluent before and after the starvation in this example; fig. 3 is a graph showing the change in nitrate nitrogen concentration before and after starvation in this example. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the first denitrification biological filter 1 and the second denitrification biological filter 2 are subjected to starvation treatment for 48 hours respectively, and then carbon sources are added again, so that efficient denitrification can be realized well. The effluent TN concentration is 0.44-0.83 mg/L, the average reduction is 0.82mg/L, the removal rate is 91.4-95.5%, and the average increase is 8.3%. NO of effluent3 -The N concentration is 0.12-0.18 mg/L, and is reduced by 0.39mg/L on average; the removal rate is 97.9-98.4%, and the average removal rate is increased by 4.9%.
Example two
The test conditions and the process are the same as the first example, except that the adding amount of sodium acetate is reduced after 48 hours of starvation, the sodium acetate is added according to the COD/TN of 3.5, the test results are shown in figures 4, 5 and 6, wherein figure 4 is a comparison graph of the change of the chemical oxygen demand concentration before and after starvation; FIG. 5 is a graph showing the change in TN concentration of effluent before and after starvation; FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change in nitrate nitrogen concentration before and after starvation. After short-term hunger, the adding amount of the organic matter is reduced by 30 percent, and the same denitrification effect can be obtained. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the dosage of the organic matters is reduced after the short-term starvation treatment, and the COD concentration in the effluent is reduced by 3-8 mg/L compared with the original COD concentration of the raw water, which indicates that the requirement of the denitrifying bacteria on the organic matters is reduced after the short-term starvation, the utilization rate of part of the refractory organic matters is enhanced, and the COD concentration of the effluent is reduced. The short-term hunger can excite the activity of denitrifying bacteria, improve the utilization rate of refractory organic matters in raw water, reduce the dosage of carbon source and save the operation cost.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for denitrification based on short-term starvation, comprising:
step S1, respectively inoculating and filming a first denitrification biological filter and a second denitrification biological filter, and after filming is finished, respectively and stably operating the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter for a plurality of days;
step S2, the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter are connected in series;
step S3, enabling fluid to flow along the forward direction of the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter, supplying carbon to the first denitrification biological filter by a carbon source adding device, enabling the second denitrification biological filter to be in a short-term hungry state, adjusting the flow direction of the fluid after running for a plurality of hours, enabling the fluid to flow along the reverse direction of the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter, supplying carbon to the second denitrification biological filter by the carbon source adding device, and running for a plurality of hours, enabling the first denitrification biological filter to be in a short-term hungry state;
in step S4, the operation of step S3 is repeated.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluid flowing in the forward direction is operated for 24 to 72 hours and the fluid flowing in the reverse direction is operated for 24 to 72 hours in step S3.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S1, biofilm formation is considered to be completed when the total nitrogen removal rate of the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter is stabilized at 60% -80% and the nitrate nitrogen removal rate is stabilized at 65% -85%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter are stably operated for 15-30 days respectively.
5. A denitrification biological filter system is characterized by comprising a first denitrification biological filter, a second denitrification biological filter, a carbon source adding device, a backwashing system and a control device, wherein the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter are connected in series, the control device is used for controlling fluid to flow along the flowing direction of the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter, controlling the carbon source adding device to supply carbon to the filter through which the fluid in the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter flows first, and controlling the backwashing system to perform backwashing on the first denitrification biological filter and the second denitrification biological filter.
6. A denitrification biological filter system according to claim 5, wherein the first denitrification biological filter comprises a first inlet and a first outlet which are oppositely arranged, the second denitrification biological filter comprises a second inlet and a second outlet which are oppositely arranged, the first outlet is connected with the second inlet through a first connecting pipeline, the first inlet is connected with the second outlet through a second connecting pipeline, and the control device controls the first connecting pipeline and the second connecting pipeline to alternately circulate.
7. The denitrification biofilter system according to claim 6, wherein a first water pump is installed on the first connecting pipeline, a second water pump is installed on the second connecting pipeline, and the first water pump and the second water pump are respectively in signal connection with the control device.
8. A denitrification biological filter system according to any of claims 5-7, wherein the first denitrification biological filter is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet; the second denitrification biological filter is provided with a second water inlet and a second water outlet, valves are respectively arranged on the first water inlet, the first water outlet, the second water inlet and the second water outlet, and the control device is respectively connected with the valves through signals.
9. The denitrification biofilter system according to claim 5, wherein only one carbon source adding device is provided, the carbon source adding device is connected with the first denitrification biofilter through a first carbon adding pump, the carbon source adding device is connected with the second denitrification biofilter through a second carbon adding pump, and the control device is in signal connection with the first carbon adding pump and the second carbon adding pump respectively.
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