CN102964037B - Novel sewage treatment method by combined utilization of light filter material biological aerated filter and heavy filter material biological aerated filter - Google Patents
Novel sewage treatment method by combined utilization of light filter material biological aerated filter and heavy filter material biological aerated filter Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sewage treatment method by combined utilization of a light filter material biological aerated filter and a heavy filter material biological aerated filter, relates to the technical field of sewage treatment biochemistry, and further optimizes the performance parameters of a single light filter material biological filter and a single heavy filter material biological filter. According to the method, process equipment mainly comprises the heavy filter material biological filter taken as a CN tank, the light filter material biological filter taken as an N tank, and another heavy filter material biological filter taken as a DN tank, wherein the heavy filter material biological filters are respectively taken as the CN tank and the DN tank and are arranged in front of and behind the N tank. According to the equipment, the heavy filter material biological tanks are utilized for treating sewage with relatively heavy pollutant load, so that the majority of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), ammonia nitrogen and the like are removed by utilizing aerobic nitration of the sewage; the light filter material biological filter is used as the N tank to further conduct aerobic nitration and degradation, so that the backwashing period of the tank is shortened, the backwashing process parameters are simplified, and the comprehensive bearing capacity of the N tank is improved; and finally, the heavy filter material biological filter tanks conduct anaerobic denitrification so as to further conduct denitrogenation and degradation on organic matters. According to the process method, the process parameters of the two biological filters are optimized, the defects when the biological filters are used singly can be compensated, and the sewage treatment method has the advantages of high treatment load, small occupied space, stable running, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bioremediation in sewage treatment project, utilize the synergy of two kinds of dissimilar BAF, Optimizing Process Parameters, strengthened the removal effect of removal of carbon and nitrogen.
Background technology
Heavy filtrate (the sintering filtrate that proportion is greater than 1) biological filtering tank process is a kind of upflow type aerating biological filter, has oxidative degradation, biological treatment, holds back the function of suspension, and collection biological action and solid-liquid separation act on one, after not needing, do not establish second pond.Its bottom be the mixing wastewater with air chamber, on be strainer head, aeration tube, bed course, filtrate.The main individual layer biofilter material that adopts relative density to be greater than 1 in filter tank, filtrate is compaction state when filtering.During normal operation, water distribution adopts filter, and gas distribution adopts special-purpose air distribution head, air water co-flow, and filter with higher filtering velocity.Adopt combined water and air backwash, mainly utilize the scrubbing action of gas.It not only has the advantage of biomembrane process technology, also plays the effect of filter tank, effective space simultaneously.Its influent COD mass concentration allows to reach 1000-1200mg/l, and the COD organic loading can reach 8kg/ (m
3d).
Light filter material (the polystyrene filtrate that proportion is less than 1) biological filtering tank process is a kind of submerged up-flow biological filter, and the difference of it and heavy filtrate biological filtering tank process maximum is its spheroidal particle filtrate that adopts proportion little 1, and this filtrate swims in water.For only carrying out nitrated light filter material biological filter, the position of aeration tube is arranged on to the bottom, filter tank.The light filter material biological filtering tank process has the following advantages: 1. can simplify the backwash technique parameter, adopt the run by gravity back flushing without recoil pump, save power; 2. filter is arranged in the top, filter tank, and the pretreated water contact is difficult for stopping up, and is convenient to change; 3. the light filter material biological filtering tank process bears the sewage load apparently higher than activated sludge process.But the sewage that this technique is higher for Pollutant levels, because light filter material easily bonds, resistance increment is fast, backwashing period shortens, and the run by gravity back flushing often exists the halfway shortcoming of back flushing, backwash also can be taken away the suspended substance be detained between a part of outer microbial film and a large amount of filtrate, and between filtrate, space increases suddenly, functional flora quantity on filtrate can fall sharply, and after backwash finishes, effluent quality can temporary variation.And, backwash frequently, water consumption is large, and running cost increases.The light filter material used in the light filter material biological filtering tank process is high than other types filtrate processing requirement, and filtrate, in compressed state, is not easy to being uniformly distributed of aqueous vapor, easily forms short stream and dead band.
The nitrated biological filter of tradition carbonization (being called for short the CN pond)-denitrification bio-filter (being called for short the DN pond) is because device arranges, often there is the large easily obstruction of denitrification rate in the problem that technical parameter exists, and the problems such as floor space is large, the present invention utilizes the synergy of two kinds of dissimilar BAF of light filter material and heavy filtrate, pass through Optimizing Process Parameters, solve the above-mentioned shortcoming that light filter material biological filtering tank process and CN-DN technique exist simultaneously, the present invention adopts the nitrated heavy filtrate of carbonization biological filter, nitrated light filter material biological filter (being called for short the N pond) and denitrification heavy filtrate biological filter combined process (referred to as: CN-N-DN), its invention principle is the one-level water inlet, load high, pollutant load is high, and be not suitable for the growth of denitrifying bacteria, therefore use the biological filtering tank process of heavy filtrate as the aerobic nitrification pond.Secondary process adopts the light filter material biological filtering tank process, is based on this section suspended substance, COD content is moderate, and light filter material biological filtering tank process processing efficiency is high, is difficult for stopping up.The biological filtering tank process of three grades of process using heavy filtrates is as the anaerobic denitrifying pond, now water pollutant content is less, filtering velocity is high, but the biological filtering tank process of light filter material easily produces obstruction, light filter material is large at the pond Wave, cause denitrification process unstable, what therefore adopt is heavy filtrate type biological filter.The inventive method have the load high, take up an area little, stable, low cost and other advantages.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the biochemical water treatment method of a kind of CN-N-DN, Optimizing Process Parameters, overcome the shortcoming in traditional single light, heavy filtrate biological filter.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of lightweight and heavy filler in aerated biologic filter pool are combined the biochemical processing method of use, its process mainly comprises to be processed the elementary oettIed sewage of process respectively by CN pond, N pond, DN pond (CN-N-DN), wherein the heavy filler in aerated biologic filter pool is used respectively in CN pond and DN pond, aeration biofilter with lightweight filter material is used in the N pond, the water outlet in three ponds lays respectively at the device top, all adopts the run by gravity mode to be connected with the water-in of next device.
Above-mentioned biochemical processing method, by regulating CN and bottom, DN pond filter, filter plate quantity, optimize filtration area, and making CN pond filtering velocity is 5-10m/h, and DN pond filtering velocity is 25-30m/h.
The heavy filtrate is laid in CN in above-mentioned biochemical processing method, DN pond on supporting layer.CN pond filtrate is selected the biological sintering filtrate of particle size range 1-3mm, and DN selects in pond the biological sintering filtrate of particle size range 3-6mm; Water distribution layer top light filling filtrate in the N pond, select the polystyrene spheres of particle diameter 3-5mm, and filter material surface is coated with the microbial film of aerobic nitrification bacterium.
Two aeration collectors of bottom, CN pond in above-mentioned biochemical processing method configuration, the aeration tube that is nitrated aerobic use, wherein aeration head is single-hole membrane aerator, another root is the back flushing pipeline; The back flushing pipeline is only established in the DN pond, and CN pond and DN pond all adopt the combined water and air backwash mode, and in the N pond, bottom is provided with an aerated conduit, without backwash tube is set, uses the run by gravity mode not intake by upper, the mode back flushing of bottom water outlet.
CN pond in above-mentioned biochemical processing method, N pond, DN pond, all adopt the semi-underground type skeleton construction, and aboveground space takies less.
CN in above-mentioned biochemical processing method, DN pond adopt the combined water and air backwash mode, during back flushing, close pond body low side water-in, aeration tube, backwashing water, gas are all the aging biofilm detachments of filter material surface from the bottom, pond from bottom to top under the effect of backwashing pump, flowing into the backwashing water water leg stores, when device normally moves, with former water, mix; The back flushing of N pond adopts the run by gravity back flushing, during back flushing, closes into water, inlet mouth, uses 5-10% to process water back flushing from top to bottom, and backwashing wastewater exports and flows out through pond body bottom backwashing water, again sneaks in pending water.
Enter COD, suspended substance, BOD value in the former water of above-mentioned treatment process and will meet certain concentration range, the water section that the outlet of DN pond is discharged is back to the CN pond, is used for diluting water, reduces organic concentration in water, and general reflux ratio is no more than 50%.
The CN pond is to carry out aeration in ，Gai pond, heavy filtrate biological filter, realizes nitrated de-carbon process.Water inlet enters the filtering layer bottom through central draft tube, from bottom to top through filtering layer (making the filter tank water inlet evenly under the effect of filtering material resistance); The air cloth tracheae is arranged on bottom, filtering layer district, the microbial film that filter material surface is being grown and contained a large amount of microorganisms, and microorganism utilizes the dissolved oxygen in water degrade a part of organism and ammonia nitrogen, and the suspended matter in water outlet simultaneously is trapped through media filtration.According to the water situation, by regulating the quantity of bottom filter, filter plate, optimize filtration area, guarantee that the filtering velocity of filtrate is 5-10m/h; Current are above enters effluent trough to streamed by the filter screen overflow of top, filtering layer district, by the rising pipe gravity flow, is entered in the N pond.
Essence light filter material biological filter, N pond, an aeration collector of bottom, pond configuration.Light filling filler in pond.Light filler adopts organic polymer floating type filler, and main component is polystyrene, particle diameter 3-5mm.
Water inlet pipe is positioned at the water distributing area (simultaneously can be used for the eliminating of backwashing water) of bottom, filter tank.Height of filter media layer is 3-3.5m, and filter material surface adheres to a large amount of microorganisms.Concrete filter is arranged at the top, filter tank, prevents the loss of filtrate.Filter is installed on filter plate, and for the filter tank water outlet, filter contacts with treated water, prevents that filter from stopping up.
The water of processing through the N pond enters in the DN pond, carries out the denitrification decarburization and denitrogenates processing, and the Xing YuCN pond, pond in DN pond is similar, does not establish aeration tube, aeration head at the bottom of pond, and the design filtering velocity is 25-30m/h.
The heavy filtrate biological filtering tank process in CN and DN pond, it comprises water leg, sintering filtrate back flushing inlet mouth, back flushing water-in, be provided with aeration supervisor, aeration branch pipe, aeration inlet mouth, boring aeration hole in the CN pond, by baffle for separating, be the lattice district that a plurality of grades are large, concrete lattice number will arrange according to the project situation.Apparatus body is respectively buffering water distribution layer from bottom to top, supporting layer, and filter material layer, exhalant region, water leg is positioned at exhalant region, and in the CN pond, the aeration inlet mouth is positioned at the sintering filter material layer, and filter material layer connects the aeration supervisor, and the aeration supervisor connects aeration branch pipe; Back flushing inlet mouth and back flushing water-in are arranged on the bottom of aeration tank.
CN, DN pond filter material layer adopt the biological sintering filtrate of heavy filtrate, and bed stuffing height is about 3m, and body bottom in pond is provided with supporting layer, are used for the support filtrate, adopt pebbles, and laying depth is about 30cm.
CN pond particle diameter of filter medium scope is 1-3mm, and DN pond particle diameter of filter medium scope is 3-6mm.
Sintering filtrate below is provided with filter plate, adopts strainer head and single-hole membrane aerator distribute water and air in the CN pond.Aeration tube is connected with Root's blower outside.
In the N pond, light filter material adopts polystyrene spheres, and particle diameter is about 3-5mm.
Along with the carrying out of filtering, the new biomass produced of filter material surface is more and more, and the suspended substance of holding back constantly increases, and on filtering layer top, forms surperficial colmatation zone, stops the release of bubble, thereby causes head loss to be risen rapidly, now should carry out immediately back flushing regeneration.Backwashing water is water up to standard after treatment.After back flushing, filtering layer has slight expansion, and between air water is to the fluid scouring of filler and filler, under the phase mutual friction, aging microbial film and the suspended substance be trapped separate with filler, at rinse stage, are rushed out filter tank, and backwashing sludge returns to preprocessing part.
Process load for reducing the CN pond, water part, DN pond is back to the CN pond, and reflux ratio is made as 50%.
The present invention is directed to water quality organism and nitrogenous higher former water, be applicable to the stages such as conventional processing, advanced treatment, reusing sewage, use range is extensive, processes load high, and floor space is little, stable, and effluent quality is good, with low cost.Apply technical scheme of the present invention, carried out a biological disposal upon fully, sludge quantity is little, without second pond is set, carries out sludge settling, through being combined with physics, the chemical technology of front, can realize that effluent quality reaches country-level category-A emission standard, even realizes reuse.
| Project | COD | NH 3-N | Suspended substance | Degree up to standard |
| Clearance | 90% | 99% | 90% | Fully up to standard |
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 process flow sheet of the present invention
Fig. 2 CN of the present invention pond orthographic plan
Fig. 3 N of the present invention pond orthographic plan
embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described:
The present invention has utilized the synergy of two kinds of dissimilar BAF, has optimized processing parameter, has improved the removal effect of COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen etc. in sewage.Sewage through elementary precipitation in Fig. 1 enters the CN pond, through the preliminary treatment in CN pond, removes most carbonaceous organic material; Sewage enters the N pond, further removes COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate; Sewage through the N pond enters the DN pond, and the anaerobic denitrifying processing is carried out in the DN pond, will further remove the undegradable COD of the first two device, BOD and nitrogen-containing pollutant.Before the water outlet in DN pond nearly 50% is back to the CN pond, be used for diluting the sewage that enters the CN pond, reduce the processing load in CN pond.Referring to Fig. 2, at first treatment sewage enters the CN pond, lower water inlet, lower air inlet.Water is entered in pond by water inlet pipe 1 gravity flow, Chi Tizhong is respectively buffering water distribution layer 2 from bottom to top, supporting layer, filter material layer 3, exhalant region 4, wherein back flushing inlet pipe 5, water inlet pipe 6 all are positioned at body bottom, pond, and backwashing period is about 5-10 days, supporting layer is used for the biological sintering filtrate of support, selects particle diameter to be about the sintering filtrate of 1-3mm.Water is carried out water distribution uniformity through strainer head 7, and aeration tube adopts single-hole membrane aerator 8, and Fig. 2 is referred in its position at Chi Tizhong, in packing layer, under the existence of oxygen, the aerobic bacteria ramp of filling surface, and with water in pollutent rapidly in conjunction with, consume, until remove.Treated water enters exhalant region and is discharged by effluent weir 9.The effluent weir side is provided with backwashing wastewater effluent trough 10, for the storage discharge of backwashing wastewater.
The clearance of the COD of the waste water in process CN pond can reach 60% left and right.Referring to Fig. 3, the water gravity flow of process CN pond effluent trough enters the N pond, is provided with inlet flume 1 in the N pond, and water inlet is by inlet flume by the water-in 2 access arrangement bodies of bottom, pond, and the N pond is divided into water distributing area from top to bottom, filtrate district, exhalant region.Wherein 3 bottoms, filtrate district are provided with aeration tube 4.Wherein, in CN, N pond, the number needs of filter, aerator is optimized calculating according to project water quality and water yield situation.Filtrate adopts light filter material, and for preventing the loss of filtrate, top is provided with filter plate 5, and filter plate is provided with filter 6, and the water of process filtrate flows into exhalant region through filter, through effluent trough 7, flows out.
During back flushing, close water-in, open bottom water outlet 8, use 5-10% to process water and carry out back flushing, backwashing water enters from top, and flow out bottom, and backwash gas is from a pipeline shared with aeration tube, and the alternating individual recoil of aqueous vapor, finally use water rinse.Backwashing equipment is provided with timer, the loss of pressure head detector.
The water outlet of N pond enters the DN pond and carries out denitrification, and DN pond and pond, CN pond body are arranged similar, but lacks the layout of aerated conduit.Selecting sintering pellet particle size range in the DN pond is 3-6mm, regulates filtering velocity at 25-30m/h, and the water 50% of processing through denitrification dilutes before being back to CN.
Mainly there is the effect of following four aspects compared with the prior art in the present invention: (1) carries out nitrated denitrogenating by the middle of CN, DN pond, adding the light filter material biological filter, overcomes the shortcoming that in traditional C N-DN technique, the DN pond is easily stopped up, denitrification rate is low, floor space is large; (2) the present invention, by preposition heavy filtrate biological filter, significantly reduces organism in water, ammonia-nitrogen content, and the backwashing period that has overcome the existence of light filter material biological filter is short, and the thorough problem of back flushing, simplified the backwash technique parameter.(3) by the elevation setting between optimizing equipment, make sewage all adopt from stream mode from an equipment enter next equipment, reduced running cost; (4) CN pond, pond, DN pond type are identical, optimize filtering velocity, and the processing parameters such as sewage backflow ratio significantly improve the removal effect of pollutent, reduction working cost.
Claims (5)
1. a lightweight and heavy filler in aerated biologic filter pool are combined the biochemical processing method of use, its method mainly comprises to be processed sewage respectively by CN pond, N pond, DN pond (CN-N-DN), wherein the heavy filler in aerated biologic filter pool is used respectively in CN pond and DN pond, aeration biofilter with lightweight filter material is used in the N pond, the water outlet in three ponds lays respectively at the device top, all adopts the run by gravity mode to be connected with the water-in of next device;
By regulating CN and bottom, DN pond filter, filter plate quantity, optimize filtration area, making CN pond filtering velocity is 5-10m/h, DN pond filtering velocity is 25-30m/h;
The heavy filtrate is laid in CN wherein, DN pond on supporting layer, CN pond filtrate is selected the biological sintering filtrate of particle size range 1-3mm, DN pond particle size range is 3-6mm, water distribution layer top light filling filtrate in the N pond, the polystyrene spheres of particle diameter 3-5mm, filter material surface is coated with the microbial film of aerobic nitrification bacterium;
Enter COD, suspended substance, BOD value in the former water of above-mentioned treatment process and will meet certain concentration range, the water section that the outlet of DN pond is discharged is back to the CN pond, is used for diluting water, reduces organic concentration in water, and reflux ratio is no more than 50%.
2. according to the biochemical processing method of claim 1, two aeration collectors of bottom, CN pond configuration wherein, the aeration tube that is nitrated aerobic use, wherein aeration head is single-hole membrane aerator, another root is the back flushing pipeline; The back flushing pipeline is only established in the DN pond, and CN pond and DN pond all adopt the combined water and air backwash mode, and in the N pond, bottom is provided with an aerated conduit, without backwash tube is set, uses the run by gravity mode to be intake by top, the mode back flushing of bottom water outlet.
3. according to the biochemical processing method of claim 1, CN pond wherein, N pond, DN pond, all adopt the semi-underground type skeleton construction, and aboveground space takies less.
4. according to the biochemical processing method of claim 2, CN pond wherein, N pond, DN pond, all adopt the semi-underground type skeleton construction, and aboveground space takies less.
5. according to the biochemical processing method of claim 2, CN wherein, DN pond adopt the combined water and air backwash mode, during back flushing, close pond body low side water-in, aeration tube, backwashing water, gas all make the aging biofilm detachment of filter material surface from bottom to top from the bottom, pond under the effect of backwashing pump, flow into the backwashing water water leg and store, when device normally moves, mix with former water; The back flushing of N pond adopts the run by gravity back flushing, during back flushing, closes into water, inlet mouth, uses 5-10% to process water back flushing from top to bottom, and backwashing wastewater exports and flows out through pond body bottom backwashing water, again sneaks in pending water.
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| CN103113005A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-05-22 | 苏州宜科环保工程有限公司 | Efficient low-consumption domestic sewage treatment technology |
| CN105621606A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-01 | 上海交通大学 | Novel denitrification biological filter with light filtering material |
| CN107487932A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-19 | 江苏天诺环境工程技术开发有限公司 | A kind of high-efficiency sewage handling process |
| CN109987701B (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2023-10-27 | 大连宇都环境技术材料有限公司 | Water treatment biochemical tank and water treatment process |
| CN111186965A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-05-22 | 安徽绿衡环保科技有限公司 | Sewage upgrading and modifying method adopting ultra-high filtration speed denitrification biological filter system |
| CN111170590A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-05-19 | 安徽绿衡环保科技有限公司 | Ultra-high-filtration-speed IV-class upgrading modified nitrogen and phosphorus removal device and treatment process thereof |
| CN111943431A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-17 | 北京林业大学 | A device and method for removing nitrate from groundwater based on a multi-stage filter |
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| JPH0729114B2 (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1995-04-05 | 荏原インフイルコ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for biological treatment of organic wastewater |
| CN102010100B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-09-05 | 北京工业大学 | Technology and device for advanced treatment flow of industrially comprehensive wastewater |
| CN202246331U (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-05-30 | 复旦大学 | A pre-denitrification aerated biological filter |
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