CN110682739A - Braking and retarding integrated support bridge for trailer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer, which comprises a support bridge part, a hydraulic retarder part, a speed increasing mechanism part, a heat dissipation circulation system and a control module. The hub and the end cover, the hydraulic retarder part includes a left stator impeller, a right stator impeller and a rotor impeller, and the speed-increasing mechanism part includes a sun gear, a planetary gear and a ring gear. The integrated axle design the position of the original braking mechanism as a hydraulic retarder, the rotor impeller of the retarder and the sun gear of the speed-increasing mechanism, the right stator impeller and the ring gear, and the hub and the planet carrier are integrated. The retarder provides power. The friction braking mechanism and brake drum are removed from the whole axle, which greatly reduces the weight of the whole axle. The two modes of retarder braking and retarding are controlled by air pressure to realize the adjustment and classification of torque and increase the sensitivity of vehicle operation. and driving safety.

Description

Braking and retarding integrated support bridge for trailer

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile auxiliary braking, and in particular relates to a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for trailers.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the road transportation industry, road transportation has become the main land transportation method in my country, so heavy trucks and semi-trailer tractors have become the main force of road freight transportation, but with the increase of vehicle load and speed, and Due to the basic conditions of my country's highways—multi-slope and curves, the load on the braking system of heavy vehicles is increasing, the friction pads of the brakes are severely worn, the brake drums are hot or even burst, and the continuous braking force is insufficient. The semi-trailer tractor is composed of a trailer and a trailer. The transmission system is distributed on the trailer, and the trailer is mainly used to carry the transported goods, which causes the inertia of the trailer part to be large and causes a huge load to the friction braking. The retarder is a kind of Automobile auxiliary braking devices have been installed on heavy-duty vehicles in large numbers, and have achieved good results, which can effectively consume the kinetic energy of vehicles and protect the safety of vehicles. Due to its light weight, large braking torque, and excellent braking effect during continuous braking, hydraulic retarder has become the first choice for installing auxiliary braking devices on heavy vehicles. But for a semi-trailer tractor, the installation position of the retarder is a problem. There are two common methods at present. One is to install the retarder on the trailer drive train. This solution has obvious braking effect, but there is no braking force in the trailer part, and the huge inertia leads to more serious instability of the whole vehicle. The other is to install the retarder on the trailer part. Since there is no power transmission system, a power axle is used to replace a support axle of the trailer, and a retarder is installed on the differential bag of the power axle. This method has a braking effect. Although the safety and driving safety can be guaranteed, the overall weight is greatly increased. As a module of the vehicle, the retarder needs to be re-matched with the vehicle system. The degree of integration with the vehicle system is low, and the mass of the vehicle is additionally increased, resulting in the cost of the vehicle. increase, the competitiveness is not strong.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for trailers, in which the brake of the support bridge is removed, and a hydraulic retarder is designed in the space of the original brake, which is very important for the support bridge wheel. The side structure is modified, and the hydraulic retarder and the planetary gear speed-up mechanism are integrated into the design. The rotor blade of the hydraulic retarder and the sun gear are designed in one piece, the right stator impeller is designed with a ring gear structure, and the planet carrier is integrated with the hub. design. The power of the tire provides power to the rotor impeller of the hydraulic retarder through the speed-increasing mechanism. The original wheel hub is designed with a blade structure to promote the oil circulation in the gearbox, and the entire axle is highly integrated at the wheel end. The invention will replace an original axle on the vehicle, reduce the quality of the whole vehicle, enhance the braking effect of the whole vehicle and protect the remaining friction brakes. At high speed, the braking effect is achieved through the large torque of the hydraulic retarder, which quickly consumes the kinetic energy of the vehicle, and then stops and brakes through the friction brakes of other axles at low speed, which greatly reduces the weight of the entire axle and increases the competitive advantage. Promote the further development of lightweight axles.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer, which includes a support bridge part, a hydraulic retarder part, a speed increasing mechanism part, a heat dissipation circulation system and a control module; The hydraulic retarder part, the speed increasing mechanism part, the heat dissipation circulation system and the control module are all installed on the supporting axle housing part, and the hydraulic retarder part and the speed increasing mechanism part are all connected with the heat dissipation circulation system and the control module.

The supporting bridge part includes a supporting axle housing, a wheel hub and an end cover; the wheel hub is mounted on the supporting axle housing through a bearing, and the end cover is connected with the wheel hub.

The hydraulic retarder part includes a left stator impeller, a right stator impeller and a rotor impeller. The left stator impeller, the right stator impeller and the rotor impeller are all blade structures. There is an inlet for working fluid on the left stator impeller, and there is an inlet on the right stator impeller. At the outlet of the working fluid, the impeller of the rotor rotates with the wheel through the speed increase of the transmission mechanism;

The speed-increasing mechanism part includes a sun gear, a planetary gear and a ring gear. The sun gear and the rotor impeller are integrally designed, and the ring gear is integrated with the right stator impeller. The planetary gear is installed on the planetary gear shaft on the hub to transmit power to the Speed up on the sun wheel;

The cooling circulation system and the control module include the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet pipeline, the radiator, the check valve, the control air circuit and the control unit of the retarder; Valves, Solenoid Valves and Pressure Relief Valves;

Further, the whole axle has no friction braking mechanism and brake drum, and the hydraulic retarder provides braking force for the whole axle.

Further, the stator impeller and the rotor impeller of the hydraulic retarder form left and right double working chambers, the left stator impeller and the rotor impeller maintain a certain gap, and the right stator impeller and the rotor impeller maintain a certain gap.

Further, the hydraulic retarder is integrated with the planetary gear speed-increasing mechanism, one side of the rotor impeller is designed as a sun gear, and the right stator impeller is integrated with the ring gear.

Further, the blades of the stator impeller and the rotor impeller are straight blades, inclined blades or arc blades.

Further, a certain number of planetary gear shafts and water pump blades are distributed on the hub. The planetary gear shafts are used to fix the planetary wheels. The structure of the water pump blades can reduce the pressure in the gearbox and ensure the flow of liquid.

Further, the braking torque of the hydraulic retarder is controlled by compressed air to realize the opening and closing of the retarder.

The present invention provides a braking and retarding integrated support bridge for trailers. The working principle is as follows:

The huge inertia of the vehicle when going downhill drives the wheels to rotate faster. The power of the wheels on both sides passes through the hub to drive the planetary gear to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the sun gear through the gear increasing part. The rotor impeller of the sun gear and the hydraulic retarder is One-piece structure; when the vehicle brakes, the working fluid is pressed into the working chamber of the hydraulic retarder by the compressed air from the bridge body through the liquid inlet pipeline, and the rotor impeller of the retarder drives the working fluid to rotate, and a part of the working fluid follows the rotor. The other part is separated after the rotor impeller is accelerated, and the eddy current that consumes kinetic energy will impact the stator impeller. The working fluid after circulating in the working chamber begins to heat up, and enters the speed-increasing gear box from the outlet of the retarder to lubricate the gear and the hub. The part is equipped with a water stirring blade, which drives the working fluid to enter the one-way valve part, and after entering the radiator to dissipate part of the heat, it enters the retarder again to form a circulation system. When the retarder is not working, the supply of compressed air is stopped, the bridge body is decompressed, the working fluid in the retarder is thrown out by the rotor impeller, and part of the working fluid in the gear box is removed, and it stops when it reaches the set liquid level. , the remaining working fluid lubricates the gears in the gear box with oil. The braking torque of the retarder is controlled by the pressure of the compressed air, which can realize two modes of braking and retarding. The control unit selects the corresponding air pressure according to the two modes of braking and retarding. When working in the braking mode, The air pressure regulating valve adjusts the pressure to high pressure, quickly presses the working fluid into the retarder and maximizes the internal fluid filling rate of the retarder to maximize the braking torque and provide the wheel with a torque that meets the braking requirements. When working in the slow mode, the air pressure regulating valve adjusts the pressure to medium and low pressure, the working fluid entering the slow speed is partially filled, and the braking torque is controlled by the air pressure in real time, so that the braking performance meets the torque in the slow mode. Require.

Compared with the prior art, the braking and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention has the following advantages:

As an auxiliary braking device for automobiles, the present invention highly integrates the hydraulic retarder in the actuator part of the friction brake of the supporting bridge, innovatively designs the original structure, removes the friction braking mechanism and the brake drum, and greatly reduces the The quality of the whole bridge is improved, the whole bridge structure is highly integrated, and it also has the functions of braking and retarding. The retarder adopts air pressure control to realize the conversion of two modes, and the internal working fluid adopts hydraulic oil, which can ensure the basic needs of the retarder, gearbox and bearing to work at the same time, and the innovative design of the wheel edge can enhance the hydraulic pressure It can realize the normal circulation and energy conversion of the cooling system, and become a highly integrated, lightweight and multi-functional axle.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure and fluid flow of the wheel side part of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention.

3 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the right stator of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention.

4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a rotor of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention.

5 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a wheel hub of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the control and heat dissipation system of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention.

In the picture: 1 support axle housing, 2 liquid inlet pipeline, 3 left stator impeller, 4 right stator, 4-1 ring gear, 4-2 right stator impeller, 5 rotor, 5-1 sun gear, 5-2 rotor impeller , 6 planetary gears, 7 sealing covers, 8 hubs, 8-1 planetary gear shafts, 8-2, water pump blades, 9 end caps, 10 one-way valves, 11 working fluid level, 12 air inlets, 13 cooling water tanks, 14 liquid outlet pipeline, 15 circulation circle, 16 air storage cylinder, 17 pressure regulating valve, 18 two-position two-way solenoid valve, 19 pressure relief valve, 20 control unit.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, it is an assembly diagram of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention, including a support bridge part, a hydraulic retarder part, a speed increasing mechanism part, a heat dissipation circulation system and a control module.

The supporting bridge part includes a supporting axle housing 1 , a wheel hub 8 and an end cover 9 ; the wheel hub 8 is mounted on the supporting axle housing 1 through a bearing, and the end cover 9 is connected with the wheel hub 8 .

The hydraulic retarder part includes a left stator impeller 3, a right stator impeller 4-2 and a rotor impeller 5-2, the left stator impeller 3, the right stator impeller 4-2 and the rotor impeller 5-2 are all blade structures, and the left There is an inlet of the working fluid on the stator impeller 3, an outlet of the working fluid on the right stator impeller 4-2, the left stator impeller 3 is fixedly connected with the supporting axle housing 1, the right stator impeller 4-2 is connected with the left stator impeller 3, and the rotor impeller 5-2 rotates with hub 8. The rotor impeller 5-2 maintains a proper clearance with the left stator impeller 3 and the right stator impeller 4-2,

The speed-increasing mechanism part includes a sun gear 5-1, a planetary gear 6, a ring gear 4-1 and a planetary gear shaft 8-1. The ring gear 4-1 is fused to the right stator 4 and remains stationary, and the planetary gear 6 is installed on the right stator 4. On the planetary gear shaft 8-1, it rotates with the hub 8. The sun gear 5-1 and the rotor impeller 5-2 are designed as a rotor 5 with an integrated structure. The power of the tire passes through the planetary gear 6, the ring gear 4-1 and the sun gear. 5-1 transmits the power to the rotor impeller 5-1 through meshing transmission, and increases the speed.

The cooling circulation system and control module include the liquid inlet pipeline 2 of the retarder, the liquid outlet pipeline 14, the cooling water tank 13, the one-way valve 10, the control air circuit and the control unit 20; the control air circuit includes the air inlet 12 , air storage cylinder 16, air pressure regulating valve 17, solenoid valve 18 and pressure relief valve 19; one-way valve 10 can prevent liquid backflow, air storage cylinder 16 is used to supply compressed air, and air pressure regulating valve 17 can realize air pressure regulation.

As shown in FIG. 2 , it is the structure and fluid flow diagram of the wheel side part of the integrated braking and retarding support axle for a trailer according to the present invention.

The power of the wheel increases the speed of the rotor impeller 5-2 of the retarder through the gear speed-increasing mechanism. When the retarder works, the working fluid enters the working chamber circulation circle 15 of the hydraulic retarder from the liquid inlet pipe 2. The working fluid is accelerated by the centrifugal action of the rotor impeller 5-2, and then impacts the left stator impeller 3 and the right stator impeller 4-2 for energy consumption, causing the working fluid to heat up, and then flows from the retarder outlet to the speed-increasing mechanism to lubricate the gears , because the vanes 8-2 of the water pump are designed on the hub 8, the working fluid is returned to the inside of the support axle housing 1 through the one-way valve 10 to realize circulation. When the retarder is not working, the liquid inlet pipe 2 does not enter the working fluid, the working fluid level in the entire closed cavity is kept at the optimal position for gear lubrication, and there is no working fluid in the working cavity of the retarder, reducing idling loss.

As shown in FIG. 3 , it is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the right stator of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention. The whole part is divided into two parts, the left side is the right stator impeller 4-2 of the hydraulic retarder, and the right stator impeller 4-2 is an impeller structure, which evenly distributes a certain number of blades, which play the role of kinetic energy consumption of the working fluid. The right side is the ring gear 4-1 of the speed-increasing mechanism. The ring gear 4-1 is located on the inner circumference of the right stator 4 and remains in a static state. There is a liquid outlet on the right stator impeller 4-2, and the circulating working fluid Send to the 4-1 part of the ring gear.

As shown in FIG. 4 , it is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the rotor of a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to the present invention. The rotor 5 is a ring-shaped structure, and the left side is the sun gear 5-1 of the speed-increasing mechanism. The sun gear 5-1 meshes with the planetary gear 6 and plays a speed-increasing role in power transmission. The right side is the rotor impeller 5-2 of the hydraulic retarder. There are blades on both sides of the rotor impeller 5-2, which respectively accelerate the working fluid in the double working chambers on both sides of the hydraulic retarder to realize the storage of the working fluid. can.

As shown in FIG. 5 , it is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a hub of a hydraulic retarding axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium of the present invention. The structure of the traditional hub 8 is modified, a certain number of water pump blades 8-2 are designed in the inner ring of the hub 8 to promote the flow and circulation of the working fluid, and a planetary gear shaft 8-1 is designed on one side to install the planetary gear 6, The hub 8 rotates with the wheel, and drives the planetary wheel 6 to rotate, and transmits the power to the speed-increasing mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 6 , it is a schematic diagram of the control and heat dissipation system of a hydraulic retarding axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention. When working, the output air pressure of the pressure regulating valve 17 is determined by the control unit 20 through the selection of the two working modes of braking and retarding. When working in the braking mode, the pressure regulating valve 17 adjusts the pressure to The hydraulic pressure is quickly pressed into the retarder and the liquid filling rate inside the retarder is maximized to maximize the braking torque and provide the wheel with a torque that meets the braking requirements. When working in the retarding mode, the pressure regulating valve 17 adjusts the pressure to medium and low pressure, and the working fluid entering the retarding mode is partially filled, so that the braking performance meets the torque requirements of the retarding mode. After the two modes are issued, the two-position two-way solenoid valve 18 receives the switch signal of the control unit 20, the compressed air enters the support axle housing 1, and the working hydraulic pressure enters the cooling water tank 13 and then enters the hydraulic retarder to generate energy conversion. , brake, the high temperature working fluid then enters the gear box to lubricate the gears and then returns to the support axle housing 1 through the one-way valve 10, and then enters the cooling water tank to dissipate heat, and the cooled liquid enters the next cycle. When it stops working, the control unit 20 stops supplying power to the solenoid valve 18, the air pressure stops supplying, and at the same time the pressure relief valve 19 opens, reducing the pressure inside the supporting axle housing 1, the rotor 5 of the hydraulic retarder throws out the liquid, and the gear phase The liquid in the pump is discharged by the water pump blades 8-2 on the hub 8 to make it reach a suitable lubricating liquid level. There is no working fluid inside the retarder, and theoretically no or only a small torque is generated.

The above is only to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention, all within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer, is characterized in that: comprise support axle housing part, hydraulic retarder part, speed increasing mechanism part, heat dissipation circulation system and control module; Hydraulic retarder The part, the speed increasing mechanism part, the heat dissipation circulation system and the control module are all installed on the supporting axle housing part, and the hydraulic retarder part and the speed increasing mechanism part are all connected with the heat dissipation circulation system and the control module; The supporting bridge part includes a supporting axle housing, a wheel hub and an end cover; the wheel hub is mounted on the supporting axle housing through a bearing, and the end cover is connected with the wheel hub; The hydraulic retarder part includes a left stator impeller, a right stator impeller and a rotor impeller. The left stator impeller, the right stator impeller and the rotor impeller are all blade structures. There are inlets and outlets for working fluid on the stator impeller, and the rotor impeller follows the shaft. rotate; The speed-increasing mechanism part includes a sun gear, a planetary gear and a ring gear. The planetary gear is installed on the stationary right stator impeller. The ring gear is installed in combination with the original brake drum, and the power is transmitted to the sun through the ring gear and the planetary gear. Speed up on the wheel. 2. The brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the whole bridge does not have a friction braking mechanism and a brake drum, and the hydraulic retarder provides braking force for the whole bridge . 3. The brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stator impeller and the rotor impeller of the hydraulic retarder form left and right double working chambers, and the left stator impeller and the rotor The impeller maintains a certain gap, and the right stator impeller and the rotor impeller maintain a certain gap. 4. The brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic retarder and the planetary gear speed-increasing mechanism are integrated in a design, and one side of the rotor impeller is designed as a sun gear, The right stator impeller is integrated with the ring gear. 5 . The brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to claim 1 , wherein the blades of the stator impeller and the rotor impeller are straight blades, inclined blades or arc blades. 6 . 6. The brake and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: a certain number of planetary gear shafts and water pump blades are distributed on the hub, and the planetary gear shafts are used to fix the planetary wheels, and the water pump The vane structure can reduce the pressure in the gearbox and ensure the flow of the liquid. 7. The braking and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to claim 1, wherein the braking torque of the hydraulic retarder is controlled by compressed air to realize the opening of the retarder with off. 8. The braking and retarding integrated support bridge for a trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the heat dissipation circulation system and the control module work, by selecting two working modes of braking and retarding, the control The unit determines the output air pressure of the pressure regulating valve. When working in the braking mode, the pressure regulating valve adjusts the pressure to high pressure, quickly presses the working fluid into the retarder and maximizes the liquid filling rate inside the retarder. The braking torque is maximized to provide the wheel with a torque that meets the braking requirements; when working in the retarding mode, the pressure regulating valve adjusts the pressure to medium and low pressure, and the working fluid entering the retarding is partially filled to make the braking The performance meets the torque requirements of the retarding mode; after the two-mode commands are issued, the two-position two-way solenoid valve receives the switching signal of the control unit, the compressed air enters the supporting axle housing, and the working hydraulic pressure enters the cooling water tank and then enters the hydraulic retarding The energy conversion takes place in the radiator for braking, and the high-temperature working fluid then enters the gear box to lubricate the gears, then returns to the support axle housing through the one-way valve, and then enters the cooling water tank to dissipate heat, and the cooled liquid enters the next cycle; when it stops working At the same time, the control unit stops supplying power to the solenoid valve, and the air pressure stops supplying. At the same time, the pressure relief valve opens to reduce the pressure inside the support axle housing. The rotor of the hydraulic retarder throws the liquid out, and the liquid in the gear phase is removed by the water pump on the hub The blade is discharged to make it reach the lubricating liquid level; there is no working fluid inside the retarder, and no or only a small torque is generated.

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