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CN110672712A - A device and method for measuring atmospheric ion mobility based on cylindrical electrodes - Google Patents

A device and method for measuring atmospheric ion mobility based on cylindrical electrodes Download PDF

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CN110672712A
CN110672712A CN201911007786.9A CN201911007786A CN110672712A CN 110672712 A CN110672712 A CN 110672712A CN 201911007786 A CN201911007786 A CN 201911007786A CN 110672712 A CN110672712 A CN 110672712A
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cylindrical
voltage
ion mobility
corona wire
electrode
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邹志龙
李立毅
潘东华
金银锡
宋凯
娄少峰
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于圆柱电极的大气离子迁移率测量装置及方法，所述装置包括电晕线、圆柱接地电极、底部支架、绝缘支杆、屏蔽球、柔性离子电流板，其中：圆柱接地电极置于底部支架之上，其轴向水平；电晕线穿过圆柱接地电极并与之同轴放置；绝缘支杆设置在圆柱接地电极外部用于支撑电晕线；屏蔽球套接在电晕线两端端部，用于抑制电晕线放电时的边缘效应；柔性离子电流板贴敷于圆柱接地电极的内表面，用于测量电晕线放电时的离子电流密度。本发明通过同轴圆柱电极结构，保证了电晕线的合成电场和离子电流空间分布的对称性，实现了室温条件下大气离子迁移率的准确测量，其电晕放电环境条件与户外高压输电线路的电晕放电条件一致。

Figure 201911007786

The invention discloses an atmospheric ion mobility measurement device and method based on a cylindrical electrode. The device comprises a corona wire, a cylindrical ground electrode, a bottom bracket, an insulating support rod, a shielding ball, and a flexible ion current plate, wherein: the cylindrical grounding electrode The electrode is placed on the bottom bracket, and its axial direction is horizontal; the corona wire passes through the cylindrical ground electrode and is placed coaxially with it; the insulating support rod is arranged outside the cylindrical ground electrode to support the corona wire; the shielding ball is sleeved on the ground electrode. The two ends of the corona wire are used to suppress the edge effect of the corona wire during discharge; the flexible ionic current plate is attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical ground electrode to measure the ionic current density during the discharge of the corona wire. The invention ensures the symmetry of the synthetic electric field of the corona wire and the spatial distribution of the ion current through the coaxial cylindrical electrode structure, and realizes the accurate measurement of the atmospheric ion mobility at room temperature. The corona discharge conditions are the same.

Figure 201911007786

Description

Atmospheric ion mobility measuring device and method based on cylindrical electrode
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-pressure gas discharge electromagnetic measurement, relates to an atmospheric ion mobility measuring device and method, and particularly relates to an atmospheric ion mobility measuring device and method based on a cylindrical electrode.
Background
Ion mobility is a physical quantity that describes the behavior of a certain ion in an electric field, and is obtained by the ratio of the ion movement rate to the applied external electric field. The atmospheric ion mobility quantitatively reflects the movement of various ions in the air, and has important effects in the fields of gas discharge, plasma, high voltage engineering and the like.
With the gradual improvement of the voltage grade of the alternating current and direct current power grid in China, the transmission capacity is gradually increased, and the method makes a contribution to high-speed and steady economic growth. However, it is accompanied by the high voltage transmission line voltage breaking through the corona discharge onset voltage and the air molecules around the transmission line being ionized into positive and negative ions. The ions move directionally in an electric field between the electric transmission line and the ground, the electric field generated by the ions is superposed with the electric field of the electric transmission line, electromagnetic environment phenomena such as a composite electric field, ionic current and the like occur, and even the problems of overlarge electric field exposure value, human transient electric shock and the like are caused.
For the calculation of the combined electric field and ion current of the high-voltage transmission conductor, atmospheric positive and negative ion mobility parameters must be used. However, in early calculations, the parameters were manually and empirically given and often did not match the actual values. In recent years, measurement equipment such as an ion mobility spectrometer and the like is available, but the measurement equipment is used for detecting trace substance molecules, the working temperature is higher than the normal temperature, and environmental factors are not consistent with those of a power transmission line. Therefore, a device and a method for measuring the room-temperature atmospheric ion mobility under the high-voltage corona discharge condition are needed to be provided, parameter support is provided for accurate modeling calculation of a synthetic electric field and an ion current, and the device and the method are beneficial to treatment of the electromagnetic environment of the high-voltage transmission line and solving of the electromagnetic environment problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an atmospheric ion mobility measuring device and method based on a cylindrical electrode, which are used for measuring the atmospheric positive and negative ion mobility at room temperature.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an atmosphere ion mobility measuring device based on cylinder electrode, includes corona wire, cylinder telluric electricity field, bottom support, insulating branch, shielding ball, flexible ion current board, wherein:
the cylindrical grounding electrode is arranged on the bottom support, the axial direction of the cylindrical grounding electrode is horizontal, and a round opening is arranged below the cylindrical grounding electrode;
the corona wire penetrates through the cylindrical grounding electrode and is arranged coaxially with the cylindrical grounding electrode;
the insulating support rod is arranged outside the cylindrical grounding electrode and used for supporting the corona wire;
the shielding balls are sleeved at the end parts of two ends of the corona wire and used for inhibiting the edge effect of the corona wire during discharging;
the flexible ion current plate is attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical grounding electrode and used for measuring the ion current density when the corona wire discharges.
Above-mentioned atmospheric ion mobility measuring device still includes sampling resistor, voltmeter, high voltage dc power supply, direct current electric field measuring apparatu, wherein:
the sampling resistor is electrically connected with the flexible ion current plate and is used for converting ion current into a voltage signal for measurement by a voltmeter;
the high-voltage direct-current power supply is electrically connected with the corona wire and used for supplying power;
the direct current electric field measuring instrument is used for measuring the size of a synthesized electric field at the cylindrical grounding electrode.
A method for measuring the atmospheric ion mobility by using the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing a probe of the direct current electric field measuring instrument at a circular opening below the cylindrical grounding electrode, wherein the upper surface of the probe is flush with the surface of the opening of the cylindrical grounding electrode, and the cylindrical grounding electrode is electrically grounded;
step 2: starting a high-voltage DC power supply, gradually increasing the DC voltage until corona discharge occurs on a corona wire, recording the initial voltage of the corona and the DC voltage at the timeReading E of field measuring instrument0；
And step 3: after the output of the high-voltage direct-current power supply exceeds the corona initial voltage, adjusting different output voltages V, and recording the voltage U at two ends of the sampling resistor and the reading E of the direct-current electric field measuring instrument, which are measured by a voltmeter;
and 4, step 4: according to the formulaCalculating the ion current density J, wherein: r is the resistance value of the sampling resistor, and S is the area of the flexible ion current plate;
and 5: according to the equation
Figure BDA0002243269190000032
B＝r2(E2-a) calculating the atmospheric ion mobility K at a voltage V, which is obtained if the hvdc power supply outputs a positive polarity voltage, and vice versa; in the formula: r is the inner radius of the cylindrical grounding electrode, epsilon is the dielectric constant of air, and A and B are intermediate variables;
step 6: and changing different voltages V, repeating the step 5 to obtain a plurality of measured values of K, averaging the plurality of measured values to obtain a final measured result, and closing the high-voltage direct-current power supply after the measurement is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the coaxial cylindrical electrode structure ensures the symmetry of the space distribution of the synthetic electric field of the corona wire and the ionic current;
2. the invention realizes the accurate measurement of the atmospheric ion mobility in the corona discharge process under the room temperature condition, and the corona discharge environmental condition is consistent with the corona discharge condition of the outdoor high-voltage transmission line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an atmospheric ion mobility measuring device based on a cylindrical electrode;
fig. 2 shows the measurement result of positive polarity ion mobility when the positive polarity voltage V output by the high voltage dc power supply is about 8 kV;
fig. 3 shows the measurement result of the negative ion mobility when the high voltage dc power supply outputs negative voltage V equal to about-9 kV.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a structure diagram of an atmospheric ion mobility measuring device based on a cylindrical electrode, as shown in figure 1, the device comprises a corona wire 1, a cylindrical grounding electrode 2, a bottom support 3, an insulating support rod 4, a shielding ball 5 and a flexible ion current plate 6, wherein the corona wire 1 penetrates through the cylindrical grounding electrode 2 and is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical grounding electrode 2, the cylindrical grounding electrode 2 is arranged on the bottom support 3, the axial direction of the cylindrical grounding electrode is horizontal, and a circular opening is arranged below the cylindrical grounding electrode. The shielding balls 5 are sleeved at the end parts of the two ends of the corona wire 1 and used for inhibiting the edge effect when the corona wire 1 discharges. A flexible ion current plate 6 is attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical ground electrode 2 for measuring the ion current density when the corona wire 1 is discharged.
In the invention, the corona wire 1 can be a stainless steel wire with the diameter of 2mm and the length of 0.7 m; the cylindrical ground electrode 2 may be a stainless steel cylinder having an inner diameter of 0.2m and a length of 0.5 m; a stainless steel ball with a diameter of 5cm can be used as the shielding ball.
The process of measuring the atmospheric ion mobility by using the atmospheric ion mobility measuring device based on the cylindrical electrode is as follows:
step 1: the probe of the direct current electric field measuring instrument 7 is placed at the opening below the cylindrical grounding electrode 2, the upper surface of the probe of the direct current electric field measuring instrument 7 is flush with the opening surface of the cylindrical grounding electrode 2, and the cylindrical grounding electrode 2 is electrically grounded.
Step 2: starting the high-voltage direct-current power supply 8, gradually increasing the voltage until corona discharge occurs on the corona wire 1, and recording the initial voltage of the corona and the reading E of the direct-current electric field measuring instrument 7 at the initial voltage0；
And step 3: after the output of the high-voltage direct-current power supply 8 exceeds the corona starting voltage, different output voltages V are adjusted, and the voltage U at the two ends of the sampling resistor 10 and the reading E of the direct-current electric field measuring instrument 7 measured by the voltmeter 9 are recorded.
And 4, step 4: according to the formula
Figure BDA0002243269190000051
Calculating the ion current density J, wherein: r is the resistance of the sampling resistor 10, and S is the area of the flexible ion current plate 6.
And 5: according to the equation
Figure BDA0002243269190000052
B＝r2(E2-a) calculating the atmospheric ion mobility K at a voltage V, wherein: r is the inner radius of the cylindrical ground electrode 2,. epsilon.is the air dielectric constant, and A and B are intermediate variables. If the high voltage direct current power supply 8 outputs a positive polarity voltage, atmospheric positive ion mobility is obtained, and vice versa.
Step 6: and changing different voltages V, repeating the step 5 to obtain a plurality of measured values of K, and averaging the plurality of measured values to obtain a final measuring result. And after the measurement is finished, the high-voltage direct-current power supply 8 is turned off.
Fig. 2 and fig. 3 show the measured positive and negative ion mobility results when the high voltage dc power supply outputs a positive voltage V of about 8kV and a negative voltage V of about-9 kV, respectively. As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the positive and negative ion mobility fluctuates less at different voltages, and the random error of the measurement system is smaller.

Claims (6)

1.一种基于圆柱电极的大气离子迁移率测量装置，其特征在于所述大气离子迁移率测量装置包括电晕线、圆柱接地电极、底部支架、绝缘支杆、屏蔽球、柔性离子电流板，其中：1. an atmospheric ion mobility measuring device based on a cylindrical electrode is characterized in that the atmospheric ion mobility measuring device comprises a corona wire, a cylindrical ground electrode, a bottom bracket, an insulating support rod, a shielding ball, a flexible ion current plate, in: 所述圆柱接地电极置于底部支架之上，其轴向水平，在圆柱接地电极的下方设有一处圆形开口；The cylindrical ground electrode is placed on the bottom bracket, its axial direction is horizontal, and a circular opening is arranged below the cylindrical ground electrode; 所述电晕线穿过圆柱接地电极并与之同轴放置；The corona wire passes through the cylindrical ground electrode and is placed coaxially therewith; 所述绝缘支杆设置在圆柱接地电极外部用于支撑电晕线；The insulating support rod is arranged outside the cylindrical ground electrode to support the corona wire; 所述屏蔽球套接在电晕线两端端部，用于抑制电晕线放电时的边缘效应；The shielding ball is sleeved on both ends of the corona wire to suppress the edge effect when the corona wire is discharged; 所述柔性离子电流板贴敷于圆柱接地电极的内表面，用于测量电晕线放电时的离子电流密度。The flexible ionic current plate is attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical ground electrode, and is used for measuring the ionic current density when the corona wire is discharged. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于圆柱电极的大气离子迁移率测量装置，其特征在于所述电晕线使用直径2mm、长度为0.7m的不锈钢导线。2 . The atmospheric ion mobility measurement device based on a cylindrical electrode according to claim 1 , wherein the corona wire uses a stainless steel wire with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 0.7 m. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的基于圆柱电极的大气离子迁移率测量装置，其特征在于所述圆柱接地电极使用内直径0.2m、长度0.5m的不锈钢圆筒。3 . The atmospheric ion mobility measurement device based on a cylindrical electrode according to claim 1 , wherein the cylindrical ground electrode uses a stainless steel cylinder with an inner diameter of 0.2 m and a length of 0.5 m. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的基于圆柱电极的大气离子迁移率测量装置，其特征在于所述屏蔽球使用直径5cm的不锈钢球。4 . The atmospheric ion mobility measurement device based on a cylindrical electrode according to claim 1 , wherein the shielding ball uses a stainless steel ball with a diameter of 5 cm. 5 . 5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的基于圆柱电极的大气离子迁移率测量装置，其特征在于所述大气离子迁移率测量装置还包括采样电阻、电压表、高压直流电源、直流电场测量仪，其中：5. The atmospheric ion mobility measurement device based on the cylindrical electrode according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the atmospheric ion mobility measurement device further comprises a sampling resistor, a voltmeter, a high voltage direct current power supply, a direct current Field meter, where: 所述采样电阻与柔性离子电流板电气连接，用于将离子电流转化为电压信号，供电压表测量；The sampling resistor is electrically connected to the flexible ionic current board, and is used for converting the ionic current into a voltage signal for measurement by a voltmeter; 所述高压直流电源与电晕线电气连接，用于供电；The high-voltage DC power supply is electrically connected to the corona wire for power supply; 所述直流电场测量仪用于测量圆柱接地电极处的合成电场大小。The DC electric field measuring instrument is used to measure the magnitude of the synthetic electric field at the cylindrical ground electrode. 6.一种使用权利要求1-5任一权利要求所述大气离子迁移率测量装置对大气离子迁移率测量的方法，其特征在于所述方法包括如下步骤：6. A method for measuring atmospheric ion mobility using the atmospheric ion mobility measuring device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the method comprises the steps: 步骤1：将直流电场测量仪探头放置在圆柱接地电极下方圆形开口处，探头上表面与圆柱接地电极开口表面平齐，圆柱接地电极电气接地；Step 1: Place the probe of the DC electric field measuring instrument at the circular opening under the cylindrical grounding electrode, the upper surface of the probe is flush with the opening surface of the cylindrical grounding electrode, and the cylindrical grounding electrode is electrically grounded; 步骤2：开启高压直流电源，逐步提高直流电压直至电晕线发生电晕放电，记录电晕起始电压及此时直流电场测量仪读数E0；Step 2: turn on the high-voltage DC power supply, gradually increase the DC voltage until corona discharge occurs in the corona wire, record the corona initial voltage and the reading E 0 of the DC electric field measuring instrument at this time; 步骤3：在高压直流电源输出超过电晕起始电压后，调节不同输出电压V，记录电压表所测的采样电阻两端电压U和直流电场测量仪读数E；Step 3: After the output of the high-voltage DC power supply exceeds the corona starting voltage, adjust the different output voltages V, and record the voltage U at both ends of the sampling resistor measured by the voltmeter and the reading E of the DC electric field measuring instrument; 步骤4：根据公式
Figure FDA0002243269180000021
计算离子电流密度J，式中：R为采样电阻的阻值，S为柔性离子电流板的面积；Step 4: According to the formula
Figure FDA0002243269180000021
Calculate the ionic current density J, where: R is the resistance value of the sampling resistor, and S is the area of the flexible ionic current plate; 步骤5：根据方程
Figure FDA0002243269180000022
B＝r2(E2-A)，在一定电压V下计算大气离子迁移率K，若高压直流电源输出正极性电压，则得到正极性离子迁移率，反之亦反；式中：r为圆柱接地电极的内半径，ε为空气介电常数，A和B为中间变量；Step 5: According to the equation
Figure FDA0002243269180000022
B=r 2 (E 2 -A), the atmospheric ion mobility K is calculated under a certain voltage V, if the high voltage DC power supply outputs a positive voltage, the positive ion mobility is obtained, and vice versa; in the formula: r is a cylinder The inner radius of the ground electrode, ε is the air permittivity, and A and B are intermediate variables; 步骤6：改变不同电压V，重复步骤5获得K的多个测量值，对多个测量值取平均值获得最终测量结果，测量结束后，关闭高压直流电源。Step 6: Change different voltages V, repeat step 5 to obtain multiple measurement values of K, and obtain the final measurement result by averaging the multiple measurement values. After the measurement, turn off the high-voltage DC power supply.
CN201911007786.9A 2019-10-22 2019-10-22 A device and method for measuring atmospheric ion mobility based on cylindrical electrodes Pending CN110672712A (en)

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