CN110645709B - A hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensing gas water heater and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mixed heat exchange efficient condensing gas water heater and a system, wherein the water heater comprises a burner, a heat exchanger, an isobaric smoke hood and a chimney, wherein the isobaric smoke hood separates a spraying system directly contacting heat exchange from the heat exchanger; the reasonable thermal design ensures that the high-temperature flue gas is cooled after heat exchange by the heat exchanger without condensate water generation, and the heat exchanger can reduce the grade and the process cost of the material of the partition wall heat exchanger because the condensate water corrosion is not required to be considered; the spraying system with direct contact heat exchange atomizes and sprays circulating spraying liquid to fully absorb the latent heat of low-temperature flue gas, and the circulating spraying liquid can adopt safe, nontoxic, good in heat conductivity, low in viscosity and hydrophobic organic working medium or water working medium; the invention effectively improves the operation efficiency of the whole system and further reduces the carbon emission of the flue gas through the spraying system.

Description

A hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensing gas water heater and system

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of heat exchangers that improve energy utilization efficiency, save energy and protect the environment, and specifically relates to a high-efficiency condensing gas water heater and system for hybrid heat exchange.

Background technique

The low-nitrogen high-efficiency condensing gas water heater is a new generation upgraded water heater with technological advancement and market promotion potential that has been finalized after years of technical research and development in response to increasingly stringent energy conservation and environmental protection emission requirements around the world. The existing low-nitrogen high-efficiency condensing gas water heater organically combines an ultra-efficient and compact heat exchanger with an ultra-low-nitrogen, high-efficiency fully premixed burner, integrating gas low-nitrogen emissions, radiation heat transfer, turbulence and condensation in the field of thermal energy engineering. Strengthen a number of key technologies such as heat transfer, water circulation, new materials, new processes and climate compensation dynamic control to jointly achieve the dual technical goals of ultra-low emissions and ultra-efficient waste heat recovery. This technical goal can greatly improve the efficiency of natural gas clean heating, making low-nitrogen high-efficiency condensing gas water heaters a rigid choice to replace traditional steel and cast iron gas boilers. Low-nitrogen high-efficiency condensing gas water heaters can be divided into household condensing gas water heaters and commercial condensing gas water heaters according to the heating power. The capacity of household condensing gas water heaters is less than 100kW, and household condensing gas water heaters can be subdivided. They are household condensing gas wall-mounted water heaters (≤50kW) and condensing gas floor-standing water heaters (<100kW). The capacity of commercial gas water heaters is greater than or equal to 100kW to 2800kW, but the number of integrated modules can reach 28MW (equivalent to traditional The boiler heating capacity of 40t/h can provide heating for 400,000 ^m2 buildings) and there is still technical and economic efficiency. Whether it is a condensing gas wall-mounted boiler, a condensing gas floor-standing boiler or a commercial condensing gas water heater, its basic composition is an organic combination of ultra-low nitrogen fully premixed flameless burner and ultra-efficient compact heat exchanger, which is specially used for people's livelihood supply. Products for domestic hot water and heating hot water. Among them, condensing gas wall-mounted boilers and condensing gas floor-standing boilers are mainly used in households to supply domestic hot water and heating hot water at the same time, while commercial condensing gas water heaters are mainly used in schools, hospitals, and commercial residences. , the living area supplies domestic hot water and heating hot water at the same time, or can only supply heating water. There are some structural differences between domestic condensing gas water heaters and commercial condensing gas water heaters, but the overall technical principles and core are the same.

Although the introduction of high-power low-nitrogen high-efficiency condensing gas water heaters effectively saves energy, their manufacturing costs remain high. The main reason is that the heat exchanger body of the water heater corresponding to high power is large in size and weight. In the area where the flue gas temperature is high, the heat exchange capacity is strong due to the large end difference; in the area where the flue gas temperature is low, the end difference is small, the heat flow density is small, the heat exchanger's heat transfer capacity is weak, and the required heat exchange area, Very large. The inefficient heat exchange area with low flue gas temperature is a key factor affecting the quality and cost control of the water heater heat exchanger. For small end difference heat exchange, the thermal resistance of the direct contact heat exchange method using spray is significantly smaller than the indirect heat exchange method using a heat exchanger. The direct contact heat exchange method can effectively reduce the cost of the heat exchanger.

Contents of the invention

In order to effectively reduce the cost of the low-nitrogen high-efficiency condensing gas water heater and further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the low-nitrogen high-efficiency condensing gas water heater, the present invention provides a hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensing gas water heater and system.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange, including a burner 1 that burns to produce high-temperature flue gas, a heat exchanger 2 that absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, and a spray system 4 that is isolated from the heat exchanger 2 and exchanges heat. The outer wall of the device 2 forms an isobaric fume hood 3 of a flue gas isobaric passage, a shell 5 covering the burner 1, the heat exchanger 2, the isobaric fume hood 3 and the spray system 4, and a chimney 6 arranged on the shell 5; The low-temperature flue gas after heat exchanger 2 passes through the passage between the shell 5 and the isobaric hood 3 and further absorbs sensible heat and latent heat by the spray system 4 and is finally discharged from the chimney 6;

The cross-sectional shape of the burner 1 is circular, waist-circular or oval, and is arranged on the overall center line of the water heater or offset from the overall center line of the water heater to optimize the flow of flue gas and reduce flow resistance;

The heat exchanger 2 includes a heat exchanger main body 21, a heat exchanger water inlet 22 and a heat exchanger water outlet 23 connected with the heat exchanger main body 21;

The isobaric smoke hood 3 includes a cover plate 31 and a low-temperature smoke outlet 32;

The spray system 4 includes a spray liquid inlet 41 located at the top of the housing 5 or on the peripheral side of the housing 5. When the spray liquid inlet 41 is located at the top of the housing 5, it includes a connection between the spray liquid inlet 41 and the ring pipe 43. In the flow equalizing pipe 42, the ring pipe 43 is located between the flow equalizing pipe 42 and the cover plate 31 in the vertical direction, and the ring pipe 43 and the flow equalizing pipe 42 form an included angle of 90° to 120°. When the spray liquid inlet 41 is located in the shell On the 5th circumferential side, a high-pressure flow equalizing spray method is used to eliminate the structure of the flow equalizing pipe 42, simplify the manufacturing process and ensure the structural strength. The ring pipe 43 is highly parallel to the spray liquid inlet 41; it also includes a ring pipe at the bottom of the ring pipe 43. Atomizing nozzle 44, the condensed water discharge port 45 and the spray liquid outlet 46 located at the bottom end of the housing 5;

A chimney connection channel 51 is provided at the top of the housing 5 and a dew plate 52 is provided at the bottom.

The heat exchanger body 21 controls the wall temperature to be higher than 60°C under any working conditions, and controls the exhaust gas temperature to be in the range of 110 to 260°C, so that no condensed water is generated on the wall of the heat exchanger. Since there will be no problem of condensed water corrosion, The heat exchanger body 21 is made of cast aluminum, cast iron, carbon steel, welded stainless steel, copper or copper finned tubes.

The heat exchanger water inlet 22 and the heat exchanger water outlet 23 are both placed at the bottom of the heat exchanger body 21 or respectively arranged at the bottom or top according to the selection of the heat exchanger body 21 .

The isobaric hood 3 is manufactured separately or integrally with the shell 5. When the low-temperature smoke outlet 32 at the bottom of the isobaric hood 3 is used, it is at a preset angle with the vertical direction, or the surface of the isobaric hood 3 has The uniform roof-type exhaust port adopts a vertical arrangement, which can make the flue gas flow at the same pressure under the rated load through the flue gas isobaric channel between the isobaric hood 3 and the heat exchanger main body 21, ensuring that the heat exchanger main body The high-temperature flue gas in 21 is evenly heat exchanged. The cover 31 of the isobaric hood 3 is designed to be top, bottom or dually arranged at the top and bottom according to the arrangement of the heat exchanger water inlet 22 and the heat exchanger water outlet 23 to ensure that the heat exchanger 2. It can be placed in the isobaric hood 3. The low-temperature flue gas outlet 32 located at the bottom of the isobaric hood 3 has 4 to 24 uniform circumferential openings, with spokes between each pair to strengthen the structural strength and the low-temperature flue gas outlet. The angle between the plane where 32 is located and the horizontal direction is 0 to 60°. When the isobaric hood 3 and the shell 5 are integrally formed and manufactured, the top cover 31 also has the low-temperature flue gas outlet 32 structure.

When the spray liquid inlet 41 is located at the top of the housing 5, there are 3 to 9 flow equalizing pipes 42 connected between the spray liquid inlet 41 and the ring pipe 43, so that the spray liquid can evenly flow from the spray liquid inlet 41 into the ring. In the tube 43, the cross section of the ring tube 43 is waist-round, square, circular or oval, and 6 to 18 atomizing nozzles 44 are arranged circumferentially on the ring tube 43, and 1 to 4 atomizing nozzles are arranged simultaneously in the radial direction. 44. The cross-section of the atomizing nozzle 44 is waist-circular, square, circular or elliptical, and the angle θ with the vertical direction is 0 to 90°. The ring pipe 43 adopts a single ring pipe or a multi-ring pipe to form a single ring. The spray system 4 is a one-stage or multi-stage spray system. The spray system 4 adopts a spray form of overhead or inversion or a combination of overhead and inversion to achieve efficient heat transfer.

The condensate water discharge port 45 has a U-shaped structure so that the dew plate 52 can accumulate a certain liquid level. The condensate water generated during the continuous operation of the water heater is discharged from the condensate water discharge port 45. The spray liquid outlet 46 is used for discharge circulation. The spray liquid is also located at the bottom of the housing 5 but is higher than the condensate discharge port 45. The circulating spray liquid uses an organic working fluid that is safe, non-toxic, has good thermal conductivity, has low viscosity and is hydrophobic, or uses a hydraulic fluid.

The housing 5 is made of stainless steel, cast aluminum silicon or plastic material that is resistant to condensation water corrosion. The exposure plate 52 has a certain height to accommodate the circulating spray liquid and condensate water. At the same time, the circulating spray liquid can be made of safe, non-toxic and thermally conductive materials. The organic working medium with good quality, low viscosity and hydrophobicity is liquefied with the condensed water, so that the condensed water and the circulating spray liquid are discharged from the bottom condensed water discharge port 45 and the spray liquid outlet 46 respectively.

An energy-increasing and energy-saving system using the above-mentioned high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange includes a heat pump system 7, a plate heat exchanger 8, a valve group 9 and the above-described high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange. Water boiler, the heat exchanger 2 and the condenser 72 in the heat pump system 7 constitute the main heat exchange subsystem. The connection mode of the main heat exchange subsystem is: the heat exchanger outlet 23, the plate heat exchanger 8 inlet, the plate heat exchanger 8 The outlet of the heat exchanger 8 - the inlet of the condenser 72, the outlet of the condenser 72, and the water inlet 22 of the heat exchanger are connected in sequence. The spray system 4 and the evaporator 71 in the heat pump system 7 constitute a secondary spray heat exchange subsystem. The connection mode of the secondary spray heat exchange subsystem is: the spray liquid outlet 46, the evaporator 71 inlet, the evaporator 71 outlet, and the spray liquid inlet 41 are connected in sequence; the evaporator 71 and the condenser in the heat pump system 7 The inlet and outlet pipes of 72 are equipped with valves 91 to form a valve group 9. A short-circuit valve 92 is installed on the inlet and outlet short pipes of the condenser 72. When the heat pump system 7 is enabled, the short-circuit valve 92 is closed, and all valves in the valve group 9 91 is opened. When the heat pump system is closed, all valves 91 in the valve group 9 are closed.

Reducing the temperature of the circulating spray liquid further enhances the condensation heat transfer efficiency of low-temperature flue gas, increases the return water temperature at the heat exchanger water inlet 22, enables efficient coupling of the water heater and the heat pump, effectively improves the overall system operating efficiency, and reduces load return water Sensitivity of temperature fluctuations to operating efficiency.

All components in the high-efficiency gas water heater integrating indirect and direct contact heat exchange can be flexibly configured, and the whole can be arranged in an enveloping, left-right, or up-and-down layout.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The water heater of the present invention adopts the indirect and direct contact composite heat exchange form. The main body of the heat exchanger controls the wall temperature to be higher than 60°C under any working condition. The exhaust temperature is preferably controlled in the range of 180 to 300°C to ensure heat exchange. No condensation water is generated on the wall surface of the device, and problems such as condensation water corrosion will not occur. Heat exchangers made of cast aluminum, cast iron, carbon steel, welded stainless steel, copper fin tubes and any process and structure can be used to lower the threshold for use of heat exchangers. .

2. The water heater of the present invention adopts the composite heat exchange form of indirect and direct contact, and uses the spray direct contact heat exchange method to replace the areas in the heat exchanger where the flue gas temperature is low, the end difference is small, the heat flow density is small, and the heat exchange capacity is weak. , thereby eliminating a large number of inefficient areas of the heat exchanger and effectively reducing the amount of raw materials and process costs of the heat exchanger.

3. In the heat exchange of low-temperature flue gas with small end difference, the water heater of the present invention uses spray direct contact heat exchange to strengthen condensation heat exchange, effectively reducing the volume of the water heater and making the furnace body more compact.

4. The system of the present invention adopts a coupled heat pump design to reduce the temperature of the circulating spray liquid, further enhance the condensation heat transfer efficiency of the low-temperature flue gas, increase the return water temperature at the water inlet of the heat exchanger, and effectively couple the water heater and the heat pump, effectively improving the overall System operating efficiency, and reduce the sensitivity of load return water temperature fluctuations to operating efficiency.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an integrated high-efficiency condensing gas water heater and a heat pump coupled to form an efficiency-increasing and energy-saving system according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of a high-efficiency condensing gas water heater integrating indirect and direct contact heat exchange. Figure 2(a) is the main view and Figure 2(b) is a half-section view.

Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of a high-efficiency condensing gas water heater that integrates indirect and direct contact heat exchange by integral injection molding of the isobaric fume hood 3 and the shell 5. Figure 3(a) is the main view, and Figure 3(b) is the main view. Half section view.

Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of an integrated high-efficiency condensing gas water heater that adopts a spray liquid inlet 41 arranged outside the shell 5 and adopts a single-side or double-side liquid inlet method. Figure 4(a) is the main view, and Figure 4 (b) is a half-section view, and Figure 4(c) is a top cross-section view.

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of an integrated high-efficiency condensing gas water heater using a roof-type exhaust outlet isobaric hood 3, in which Figure 5(a) is the main view, Figure 5(b) is a half-section view, and Figure 5( c) is a top cross-sectional view, and Figure 5(d) is a schematic diagram of the roof-type exhaust outlet.

Figure 6 is a three-dimensional view of an integrated high-efficiency condensing gas water heater using multi-stage spraying. Figure 6(a) is the main view, Figure 6(b) is a half-section view, and Figure 6(c) is a top view. Sectional view.

Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of an integrated high-efficiency condensing gas water heater using an inverted spray form, of which Figure 7(a) is the main view and Figure 7(b) is a half-section view.

Figure 8 is a three-dimensional view of an integrated high-efficiency condensing gas water heater that combines overhead and inverted spraying. Figure 8(a) is the main view, and Figure 8(b) is a half-section view.

Figure 9 is a detailed view of the sprinkler system. Figures 9(1a), 9(2a), 9(3a) and 9(4a) respectively show the cross-sections of the ring pipe 43 as waist circular, square, circular and elliptical single ring shapes. Schematic diagram of the layout of the stage or multi-stage atomizing nozzle 44. Figures 9(1b), 9(2b), 9(3b) and 9(4b) respectively show the appearance of the atomizing nozzle 44 as waist circle, square, circle and oval. Schematic diagram, Figure 9(c) is a schematic diagram of the angle between the atomizing nozzle 44 and the vertical direction.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of various appearances of the burner 1, in which Figures 10(a), 10(b) and 10(c) are circular, waist-circular and elliptical respectively.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with integrated indirect and direct contact heat exchange arranged on the left and right.

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with integrated indirect and direct contact heat exchange arranged up and down.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 (b), the present invention is a high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange, including a burner 1 that burns to produce high-temperature flue gas, and the burner 1 is wrapped to absorb The heat exchanger 2 for high-temperature flue gas heat is provided with a spray system (4) on the heat exchanger (2). The spray system (4) is isolated from the heat exchanger (2) and placed in the heat exchanger (2). An isobaric hood (3) whose outer wall forms a flue gas isobaric channel, and a shell (5) covering the burner (1), heat exchanger (2), isobaric hood (3) and spray system (4) , a chimney (6) arranged on the casing (5); the low-temperature flue gas released by the heat exchanger (2) passes through the channel between the casing 5 and the isobaric hood 3 and is further absorbed by the spray system 4 as sensible heat and The latent heat is finally discharged from the chimney 6.

The heat exchanger 2 includes a heat exchanger main body 21, a heat exchanger water inlet 22 and a heat exchanger water outlet 23 connected with the heat exchanger main body (21).

The isobaric fume hood 3 includes a cover plate 31 and a low-temperature flue gas outlet 32 located at the bottom end of the isobaric fume hood 3 .

The spray system 4 includes a spray liquid inlet 41 located at the top of the housing 5, a flow equalizing pipe 42 connecting the spray liquid inlet 41 and the ring pipe 43, and an atomizing nozzle 44 located at the bottom of the ring pipe 43. In the vertical direction The upper ring pipe 43 is located between the flow equalizing pipe 42 and the cover plate 31 , and the ring pipe 43 and the flow equalizing pipe 42 form an included angle of 90° to 120°. The upper ring pipe 43 is located at the condensed water discharge port 45 and the spray liquid outlet 46 at the bottom end of the housing 5 .

The housing 5 includes a chimney connection channel 51 at the top of the housing 5 and an exposure plate 52 at the bottom.

The wall surface temperature of the heat exchanger body 21 is controlled to be higher than 60°C under any working conditions. Preferably, the exhaust gas temperature is controlled at about 200°C under any working conditions so that no condensation water is generated on the heat exchanger wall.

Since the heat exchanger body 21 does not produce condensed water under any working conditions and will not suffer problems such as condensed water corrosion, a copper finned tube heat exchanger with a water collecting plate structure is used to form a four-pass hydraulic fluid. flow channel.

The heat exchanger water inlet 22 and the heat exchanger water outlet 23 are arranged at the bottom of the copper fin tube heat exchanger with a water collection pan structure, and are connected to the water collection pan at the bottom of the heat exchanger.

The angle between the isobaric hood 3 and the vertical direction enables the isobaric flow of flue gas under rated load to pass through the flue gas isobaric channel between the isobaric hood 3 and the heat exchanger body 21, ensuring that the heat exchanger body The high-temperature flue gas in 21 is evenly heat exchanged. The cover 31 is designed to be top, bottom or dually arranged at the top and bottom according to the arrangement of the heat exchanger water inlet 22 and the heat exchanger water outlet 23 to ensure that the heat exchanger 2 can be placed In the isobaric hood 3, the low-temperature flue gas outlet 32 located at the bottom of the isobaric hood 3 has 18 uniform circumferential openings, with spokes between each pair to strengthen the structural strength. The low-temperature flue gas outlet 32 is located in the plane and in the horizontal direction. The angle is 45°.

The isobaric hood 3 is manufactured independently and is made of plastic, stainless steel or fiberglass material with low heat transfer coefficient and temperature resistance to prevent the heat exchange between the spray liquid and the low-temperature flue gas to cause condensation water to be generated on the inner wall of the isobaric hood 3 .

The spray liquid inlet 41 located at the top of the shell 5 is arranged on the central axis of the water heater. There are three flow equalizing pipes 42 connecting the ring pipe 43 and the spray liquid inlet 41 to make the spray liquid evenly flow from the spray water. The spray liquid port 41 flows into the ring pipe 43, and the spray liquid is atomized and sprayed out from the 18 atomizing nozzles 44 located at the bottom of the flow equalizing pipe 42.

The condensate water outlet 45 is located at the bottom of the housing 5, and its U-shaped structure allows the exposed pan 52 to accumulate a certain liquid level. The condensate water generated during the continuous operation of the water heater is discharged from the condensate water outlet 45, and the spray liquid The outlet 46 is used to discharge the circulating spray liquid. It is also located at the bottom of the housing 5 but is higher than the condensate discharge port 45. The circulating spray liquid is an organic solution that is safe, non-toxic, has good thermal conductivity, has low viscosity and is hydrophobic.

The housing 5 is made of stainless steel, cast aluminum silicon or plastic material that is resistant to condensation water corrosion. The exposure plate 52 has a certain height to accommodate the circulating spray liquid and condensate water. At the same time, the circulating spray liquid can be made of heat transfer oil or other safe and non-toxic materials. The organic solution that is toxic, has good thermal conductivity, low viscosity and is hydrophobic is separated from the condensed water, so that the condensed water and circulating spray liquid are discharged from the bottom condensed water discharge port 45 and the spray liquid outlet 46 respectively.

As shown in Figure 1, a hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensation gas water heater efficiency and energy-saving system includes a heat pump system 7, a plate heat exchanger 8, a valve group 9 and the hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensation system. Gas water heater, the heat exchanger 2 and the condenser 72 in the heat pump system 7 constitute the main heat exchange subsystem, and the connection method of the main heat exchange subsystem is: the heat exchanger outlet 23, the plate heat exchanger 8 inlet , the outlet of plate heat exchanger 8 - the inlet of condenser 72, the outlet of condenser 72, and the water inlet 22 of the heat exchanger are connected in sequence. The spray system 4 and the evaporator 71 in the heat pump system 7 constitute a secondary spray heat exchanger. system, the connection mode of the secondary spray heat exchange subsystem is: the spray liquid outlet 46, the evaporator 71 inlet, the evaporator 71 outlet, and the spray liquid inlet 41 are connected in sequence; the evaporator 71 in the heat pump system 7 and The inlet and outlet pipes of the condenser 72 are equipped with valves 91 to form a valve group 9. A short-circuit valve 92 is installed on the inlet and outlet short pipes of the condenser 72. When the heat pump system 7 is activated, the short-circuit valve 92 is closed, and the valve group 9 All valves 91 are open. When the heat pump system is closed, all valves 91 in the valve group 9 are closed. The parallel connection of the heat pump system 7 can reduce the temperature of the circulating spray liquid, further enhance the condensation heat transfer efficiency of the low-temperature flue gas, increase the return water temperature of the heat exchanger water inlet 22, enable efficient coupling of the water heater and the heat pump, and effectively improve the overall system operation efficiency. , and reduce the sensitivity of load return water temperature fluctuations to operating efficiency.

Implementation case two

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b), the isobaric fume hood 3 is connected to the outer shell 5. The isobaric fume hood 3 and the outer shell 5 can be integrated with the injection molding process or cast iron or aluminum alloy. Shaping facilitates the installation of the heat exchanger 2 and the arrangement of the heat exchanger water inlet 22 and the heat exchanger water outlet 23.

Implementation case three

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 4(a), Figure 4(b) and Figure 4(c) in Figure 4, the spray liquid inlet 41 is arranged on the 5th side of the housing, using single-side or double-side liquid inlet. The high-pressure flow equalizing spray method is used to eliminate the flow equalizing tube 42 structure, simplifying the manufacturing process and ensuring structural strength.

Implementation case four

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 5(a), Figure 5(b), Figure 5(c) and Figure 5(d), the isobaric hood 3 is placed vertically, and the surface of the isobaric hood 3 has uniform The roof-type exhaust port enables low-temperature flue gas to be discharged evenly in the circumference, and at the same time, it can effectively isolate condensed water, circulating spray fluid and circulating spray fluid. The isobaric hood 3 can be made by injection molding or cast aluminum alloy or stamped stainless steel. become.

Implementation case five

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 6(a), Figure 6(b) and Figure 6(c), the spray system 4 includes 2-6 levels of ring pipes 43, using graded spray to optimize heat exchange to improve the water heater Overall operating efficiency.

Implementation case six

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 7(a) and Figure 7(b) in Figure 7, the spray system 4 adopts an overall inverted spray form. It can also be used in Figure 8(a) and Figure 8(b). The sprinkler system shown is in the form of 4 arranged on both sides of the top and bottom.

Implementation case seven

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 9, as shown in Figures 9(1a), 9(2a), 9(3a) and 9(4a), the cross section of the ring tube 43 may be waist-circular, square, circular or elliptical, and One to four single-stage or multi-stage atomizing nozzles 44 can be arranged simultaneously on the cross section of the ring pipe 43, as shown in Figures 9(1b), 9(2b), 9(3b) and 9(4b). The cross-section of the atomizing nozzle 44 may be waist-circular, square, circular or elliptical, as shown in Figure 9(c). The angle θ between the atomizing nozzle 44 and the vertical direction is 0 to 90°.

Implementation case eight

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 10 (a), Figure 10 (b) and Figure 10 (c), the cross-sectional shape of the burner 1 can be circular, waist-circular or oval, and the burner 1 is arranged in The overall centerline of the water heater can also be offset to optimize flue gas flow and reduce flow resistance.

Implementation case nine

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 11, the burner 1 is placed on one side of the housing 5, and the burner 1, the heat exchanger 2, and the spray system 4 are arranged in the left and right or front and rear directions.

Implementation case ten

In this embodiment, the same structures as those in Embodiment Example 1 are given the same symbols, and the same descriptions are omitted.

As shown in Figure 12, the burner 1 is placed on the top of the housing 5, and the burner 1, the heat exchanger 2, and the spray system 4 are arranged from top to bottom.

Claims (9)

1. A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange, characterized by: including a burner (1) that burns to produce high-temperature flue gas, a heat exchanger (2) that absorbs the heat of high-temperature flue gas, and a spray system ( 4) An isobaric fume hood (3) that is isolated from the heat exchanger (2) and forms a flue gas isobaric channel on the outer wall of the heat exchanger (2), covering the burner (1), the heat exchanger (2), etc. The shell (5) of the smoke hood (3) and the spray system (4), and the chimney (6) set on the shell (5); the low-temperature flue gas after being released by the heat exchanger (2) passes through the shell (5) ) and the isobaric hood (3), the sensible heat and latent heat are further absorbed by the spray system (4) and finally discharged from the chimney (6); The cross-sectional shape of the burner (1) is circular, waist-circular or oval, and is arranged on the overall center line of the water heater or offset from the overall center line of the water heater to optimize the flow of flue gas and reduce flow resistance; The heat exchanger (2) includes a heat exchanger main body (21), a heat exchanger water inlet (22) and a heat exchanger water outlet (23) connected to the heat exchanger main body (21); The isobaric smoke hood (3) includes a cover plate (31) and a low-temperature smoke outlet (32); The spray system (4) includes a spray liquid inlet (41) located at the top of the housing (5) or on the peripheral side of the housing (5). When the spray liquid inlet (41) is located at the top of the housing (5), it includes The flow equalizing pipe (42) connects the spray liquid inlet (41) and the ring pipe (43). The ring pipe (43) is located between the flow equalizing pipe (42) and the cover plate (31) in the vertical direction and the ring pipe (43) (43) forms an included angle of 90°~120° with the flow equalizing pipe (42). When the spray liquid inlet (41) is located on the peripheral side of the housing (5), a high-pressure flow equalizing spray method is used to eliminate the flow equalizing pipe (41). 42) structure, which simplifies the manufacturing process and ensures structural strength. The ring pipe (43) is highly parallel to the spray liquid inlet (41); it also includes an atomizing nozzle (44) located at the bottom of the ring pipe (43) and located in the outer shell (42). 5) The condensed water discharge port (45) and the spray liquid outlet (46) at the bottom; The isobaric hood (3) has a single-layer or double-layer structure, and is made of cast aluminum, cast iron, stainless steel or low thermal conductivity and temperature-resistant plastic or fiberglass materials. Both the single-layer low thermal conductivity material and the double-layer structure can Prevent the low-temperature spray liquid from contacting the outer wall of the isobaric hood (3) and the heat exchange of low-temperature flue gas from the isobaric channel between the isobaric hood (3) and the heat exchanger body (21), thereby causing the isobaric hood ( 3) Condensation water is generated on the inner wall; The ring pipe (43) has a waist-round, square, circular or oval cross-section, and 6 to 18 atomizing nozzles (44) are arranged circumferentially on the ring pipe (43), while 1 to 4 mist nozzles are arranged radially. The atomizing nozzle (44) has a waist-circular, square, circular or elliptical cross-section, and the angle θ with the vertical direction is 0 to 90°. The ring pipe (43) adopts a single The ring pipe or multiple ring pipes form a single-stage or multi-stage spray system (4). The spray system (4) adopts a top-mounted or inverted or a combination of top-mounted and inverted spray form to achieve efficient heat transfer; A chimney connection channel (51) is provided at the top of the casing (5), and a dew plate (52) is provided at the bottom. The dew plate (52) has a certain height to accommodate circulating spray liquid and condensate water, and at the same time can circulate the spray liquid. Use safe, non-toxic, good thermal conductivity, low viscosity and hydrophobic organic working fluid to separate the condensed water, so that the condensed water and circulating spray liquid are discharged from the bottom condensed water discharge port (45) and the spray liquid outlet (46) respectively. 2. A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchanger body (21) controls the wall temperature to be higher than 60°C under any working conditions and controls the exhaust gas. The smoke temperature is in the range of 110~260°C, so that no condensation water is generated on the wall of the heat exchanger. Since there will be no condensation water corrosion problem, the heat exchanger body (21) is made of cast aluminum, cast iron, carbon steel, welded stainless steel, copper or copper Fin tube material. 3. A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchanger water inlet (22) and the heat exchanger water outlet (23) are arranged according to the heat exchanger body. (21) of different types are placed at the bottom of the heat exchanger body (21) or arranged at the bottom or top respectively. 4. A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: the isobaric hood (3) is manufactured separately or is integrally formed with the shell (5), etc. When the low-temperature smoke outlet (32) is located at the bottom of the pressure hood (3), it is at a preset angle with the vertical direction, or when the isobaric hood (3) has a uniform roof-type exhaust outlet on the surface, it is arranged vertically. Both can make the flue gas flow at the same pressure under the rated load through the flue gas isobaric channel between the isobaric hood (3) and the heat exchanger main body (21), ensuring uniform exchange of high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchanger main body (21). The cover plate (31) of the hot, isobaric fume hood (3) is designed to be top, bottom or dually arranged at the top and bottom according to the arrangement of the heat exchanger water inlet (22) and the heat exchanger water outlet (23) to ensure heat exchange. The device (2) can be placed in the isobaric hood (3). The low-temperature flue gas outlet (32) located at the bottom of the isobaric hood (3) has 4 to 24 uniform circumferential openings, with spokes between each pair. , strengthen the structural strength, the angle between the plane where the low-temperature flue gas outlet (32) is located and the horizontal direction is 0~60°, when the isobaric hood (3) and the shell (5) are integrally formed and manufactured, the top cover (31) The low-temperature flue gas outlet (32) structure is provided. 5. A hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensing gas water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the spray liquid inlet (41) is located at the top of the housing (5), the spray liquid inlet (41) ) and the ring pipe (43) are connected by 3 to 9 flow equalizing pipes (42), so that the spray liquid can evenly flow from the spray liquid inlet (41) into the ring pipe (43). 6. A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: the condensation water outlet (45) has a U-shaped structure so that the dew plate (52) can accumulate a certain liquid level. , the condensed water generated during the continuous operation of the water heater is discharged from the condensed water discharge outlet (45). The spray liquid outlet (46) is used to discharge the circulating spray liquid. It is also located at the bottom of the shell (5) but its position is high. at the condensate discharge port (45). 7. A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer shell (5) is made of stainless steel, cast aluminum silicon or plastic material that is resistant to condensation water corrosion. 8. A high-efficiency condensing gas water heater with mixed heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: according to the positional relationship between the heat exchanger (2) and the spray system (4), the water heater is arranged in an enclosed form. layout, left-right layout or up-and-down layout. 9. An energy-increasing and energy-saving system using a hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensing gas water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by: including a heat pump system (7) and a plate heat exchanger (8) , valve group (9) and a hybrid heat exchange high-efficiency condensing gas water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the heat exchanger (2) and the condenser (7) in the heat pump system (7) 72) constitutes the main heat exchange subsystem. The connection methods of the main heat exchange subsystem are: heat exchanger outlet (23), plate heat exchanger (8) inlet, plate heat exchanger (8) outlet, condenser (72) ) inlet, condenser (72) outlet, and heat exchanger water inlet (22) are connected in sequence, and the spray system (4) and the evaporator (71) in the heat pump system (7) form a secondary spray heat exchanger System, the connection method of the secondary spray heat exchange subsystem is: the spray liquid outlet (46), the evaporator (71) inlet, the evaporator (71) outlet, and the spray liquid inlet (41) are connected in sequence; as described The inlet and outlet pipes of the evaporator (71) and condenser (72) in the heat pump system (7) are equipped with valves (91) to form a valve group (9), and the inlet and outlet short pipes of the condenser (72) are installed with short pipes. Connect valve (92). When the heat pump system (7) is enabled, the short-circuit valve (92) is closed and all valves (91) in the valve group (9) are opened. When the heat pump system is closed, all valves in the valve group (9) (91) OFF.