CN110644996B

CN110644996B - An open-field subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently dipping medium-thick orebodies

Info

Publication number: CN110644996B
Application number: CN201910765998.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵中源; 刘涛; 王兴峰; 马国�; 冯强; 黄天龙
Original assignee: Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
Current assignee: Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
Priority date: 2019-08-19
Filing date: 2019-08-19
Publication date: 2021-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-19
Also published as: CN110644996A

Abstract

The invention discloses an open field subsequent filling mining method suitable for a gently inclined medium-thick ore body, which specifically includes dividing the ore body into mining middle sections along a vertical direction, leaving a sloping roof column between the two middle sections, and in each middle section, Divide the mining panels along the strike direction of the ore body, set up inter-panel pillars between adjacent mining panels, divide the ore house and ore pillars in the mining panel, and determine the engineering layout, cutting, mining and filling; The panel is mined in two steps, one step is returned to the mining house, after the mining house is completed, the tailings are cemented and filled, and the second step is returned to the mining column, and this cycle is repeated until the stope mining is completed; the invention is very suitable for the mining of gently inclined medium-thick ore bodies , using V-shaped cut ditch, short chute to drop ore and scraper to efficiently extract ore, which overcomes the problem of difficult mining of gently inclined ore body; at the same time, this method has short mining time, high mining safety, and small dilution loss; The mining efficiency is improved, the mining time of the mining room is shortened, and the production capacity of the mining room is improved.

Description

Open stope subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thickness ore body

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine mining, and particularly relates to an open stope subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thickness ore bodies.

Background

The gently inclined medium-thick ore body, particularly the ore body with the inclination angle of 15-25 degrees and the thickness of 5-15m, is extremely difficult to be mined and is known as cancer in the world mining field. Because the inclination angle of the slowly-inclined ore body is smaller than the natural repose angle of the ore, the caving ore can not be drawn by self weight in the stope, and ore drawing equipment such as a scraper and the like must be installed in the stope to realize ore drawing; on the other hand, stopes of the ore bodies are generally high in empty roof, workers are difficult to guarantee safety of the stopes when working in the empty stopes, the working environment is severe, and great threats are brought to safety production. Because the inclination angle of the ore body is 15-25 degrees and is larger than the maximum climbing capability of common underground trackless equipment, the application of the trackless equipment in the ore body is limited.

At the present stage, for the ore body, mining methods generally adopted at home and abroad comprise a room-pillar method and a segmented open stope method with a bottom structure, a few mines adopt a shallow hole shrinkage method and a layered filling method, the room-pillar method and the shallow hole shrinkage method have low stope efficiency, high stope labor intensity and severe operation conditions, workers need to enter a stope to operate in a dead zone, the mining work amount of the segmented open stope method with the bottom structure is large, the bottom structure is difficult to recover at the later stage, and ore loss is large. The shallow hole shrinkage method has the disadvantages of severe operation conditions, low working efficiency due to the adoption of shallow hole ore falling, and large ore loss due to the fact that a lot of ores are left on the floor of a stope because the inclination angle of an ore body is smaller than the natural repose angle of rocks. The layered filling method is suitable for metal with high recovery value due to the high cost of recovering and mining the individual ore body.

The method is characterized in that a room-and-column method is adopted to stope the gently inclined medium-thick ore body, the main problem is to solve the problems of ore transportation and stable roof of a high and large airlot, the domestic room-and-column method is adopted to stope the moderately inclined ore body, and stoping schemes such as a shallow hole room-and-column method, a medium-and-deep hole room-and-column method, a downward layered stope room-and-column method and the like are generally adopted, but the methods have the defects of poor working conditions, low working efficiency, low stope efficacy and the like.

Typical room and pillar method for mining main technical and economic indexes of mine

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thickness ore bodies so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an open stope subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thickness ore bodies, comprising the following steps of:

step A, dividing an ore body into mining middle sections along the vertical direction, reserving a slanting top column between the two middle sections, dividing mining panels along the moving direction of the ore body in each middle section, reserving panel compartment columns between adjacent mining panels, dividing ore rooms and ore pillars in the mining panels, wherein the sizes of the ore rooms and the ore pillars are consistent;

step B, mining accurate engineering arrangement

Arranging a stage transportation gallery at the bottom of a lower wall of the middle section of an ore body, tunneling an ore removal access road perpendicular to the ore body every 15-20m in the stage transportation gallery, wherein the ore removal access road is aligned with boundaries of an ore room and an ore pillar, tunneling an ore receiving tunnel in the ore removal access road, communicating two adjacent ore removal accesses with the ore receiving tunnel, tunneling a rock drilling connecting road in the center of the ore receiving tunnel, wherein the rock drilling connecting road is connected with the lower wall of the ore body, the rock drilling connecting road is just positioned at the middle positions of the ore room and the ore pillar, upward drilling a rock drilling tunnel along the inclination angle of the ore body in the rock drilling connecting road, the upper part of the rock drilling tunnel is connected with an inclined top pillar, and arranging a short chute on the horizontal plane along the rock drilling tunnel;

step C, cutting

Arranging a cutting raise at the bottom of the chamber, arranging a cutting groove by taking the cutting raise as a free surface, arranging upward sector holes in the rock drilling roadway, and pressing the rock drilling roadway by taking the cutting groove as a free surface, and blasting 5-8m of the lower part of an ore body to form a V-shaped trench;

step D, recovery and filling

The whole mining panel is divided into two steps for stoping, one step of stoping a mining room, and two steps of stoping a mining pillar, wherein firstly, in a V-shaped trench, the ore is charged in arranged upward fan-shaped holes for blasting, the ore which is blown off gathers in the V-shaped trench by gravity, the ore falls into an ore receiving tunnel through a short chute arranged on the lower plate of an ore body, a scraper enters the ore receiving tunnel, the ore is shoveled and loaded in the ore receiving tunnel and then conveyed to the panel chute, the ore discharging process is completed, after the stoping of the ore body is completed, the recovery of the V-shaped trench is carried out until the stoping of the V-shaped trench in the mining room is completed, after the stoping of the one step of mining room is completed, a filling body is adopted for filling, under the protection of the filling body of the stoping room, the stoping process of the two steps of stoping the mining pillar is the same as that of the stoping room of the one step.

Further, the height of the middle mining section in the step A is 30m, the thickness of the inclined top column is 5m, the length of the mining panel area is 100 m-200 m, the thickness of the panel interval column is 30m, and the mining rooms and the ore columns are divided every 15m in the mining panel area.

Further, in the step B, short orepasses are arranged on the horizontal plane along the rock drilling roadway at intervals of 20m, 2-3 short orepasses are arranged in one stope, and the interval length of the short orepasses is not more than 20 m.

Furthermore, the row distance of the upward fan-shaped holes in the step C is 0.8m, the hole bottom distance is 1.5m, and 2-3 rows are blasted each time.

Further, in the step C, the height of the V-shaped trench is 5 m.

Further, the recovery method of the V-shaped trench in the step D comprises the following steps: parallel holes are arranged towards the lower parts of two sides of the roadway in the rock drilling roadway, inclined holes are arranged at the upper parts of the two sides of the roadway, the row spacing is 0.5m, 1-2 rows of blasting is carried out each time until the mining of the V-shaped trench in the chamber is finished.

Further, the filling body in the step D adopts cement: pack with a cement of tailings =1: 12.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the open stoping subsequent filling mining method of two-step stoping and V-shaped trench short drop shaft ore falling is adopted, the method is very suitable for mining of slowly inclined medium-thickness ore bodies, a chessboard type bottom structure consisting of the V-shaped trench and the short drop shaft is adopted to realize that slowly inclined ore body falling ores are conveyed by dead weight, the V-shaped trench, the short drop shaft ore falling and the scraper efficiently remove ores, and the problem of ore removal difficulty of the slowly inclined ore bodies is solved; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of short ore removal time, high mining safety and small dilution loss.

(2) In the mining process, a plurality of stope faces can be arranged simultaneously, the stope faces cannot be influenced mutually, a scraper is used for ore removal, the ore removal efficiency is improved, the stope time of a chamber is shortened, the production capacity of the chamber is improved, and the panel production capacity can reach 500 t/d.

(3) Whole accurate engineering of mining all arranges in ore body footwall, and adopts the medium-length hole ore deposit, and the workman does not get into the operation in dead zone, has improved the security of production greatly, adopts the tailings cemented filling after the one-step stope is adopted, has ensured the security of two-step pillar stopes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view 1-1 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 2 is a side projection view of an open-stope subsequent-filling mining method of the present invention adapted for gently dipping medium-thickness ore bodies;

fig. 3 is an orthographic view of an open-stope subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thick ore bodies.

In the figure: 1. panel compartment columns; 2. a chamber; 3. carrying out ore pillar; 4. a staged transportation roadway; 5. ore removal and access; 6. a mine receiving roadway; 7. drilling a rock communication channel; 8. drilling a roadway; 9. short drop shafts; 10. cutting the raise; 11. cutting the groove; 12. upward sector holes; 13. parallel holes; 14. an inclined hole; 15. a V-shaped trench; 16. and (4) filling the filler.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the open-stope subsequent filling mining method suitable for the gently inclined medium-thickness ore body comprises the following steps:

step A, dividing mining middle sections of an ore body along the vertical direction, wherein the height of the middle sections is 30m, a slanting top pillar is reserved between the two middle sections, the thickness of the slanting top pillar is 5m, a mining panel area is divided along the moving direction of the ore body in each middle section, the length of the mining panel area is 100 m-200 m, panel area pillars 1 are reserved between adjacent mining panel areas, the thickness of the panel area pillars 1 is 30m, ore rooms 2 and ore pillars 3 are divided every 15m in the mining panel area, and the sizes of the ore rooms 2 and the ore pillars 3 are consistent;

step B, mining accurate engineering arrangement

A stage transportation roadway 4 is arranged at the bottom of the lower plate of the middle section of the ore body, an ore body driving ore removal route 5 is vertically arranged in the stage transportation roadway 4 every 15-20m, the ore removal route 5 is aligned with the boundary of the ore room 2 and the ore pillar 3, in the ore removal inlet 5, an ore receiving roadway 6 is tunneled, the ore receiving roadway 6 is communicated with two adjacent ore removal inlets 5, a rock drilling connecting channel 7 is tunneled in the center of the mine receiving roadway 6, the rock drilling connecting channel 7 is connected with the ore body footwall, the rock drilling connecting channel 7 is just positioned in the middle of the ore room 2 and the ore pillar 3, in a rock drilling connecting channel 7, a rock drilling tunnel 8 is drilled upwards along the inclination angle of an ore body, the upper part of the rock drilling tunnel 8 is connected with an inclined top column, short drop shafts 9 are arranged on the horizontal plane of the rock drilling tunnel 8 at intervals of 20m, 2-3 short drop shafts 9 are arranged in one ore room, and the interval length of the short drop shafts 9 is not more than 20 m;

step C, cutting

Arranging a cutting raise 10 at the bottom of a mine room 2, arranging cutting grooves 11 by taking the cutting raise 10 as a free surface, arranging upward sector holes 12 in a rock drilling roadway 8, wherein the row distance to the sector holes 12 is 0.8m, the hole bottom distance is 1.5m, blasting 2-3 rows each time, and pressing the rock drilling roadway 8 by taking the cutting grooves 11 as the free surface, wherein a V-shaped trench 15 is formed by blasting 5-8m of the lower part of an ore body, and the height of the V-shaped trench 15 is 5 m;

step D, recovery and filling

Whole mining panel divides two steps to adopt, one step adopts stope room 2, two steps adopt pillar 3, at first in V type trench 15, upward to the scallop hole 12 medicine of arranging explodes, the ore that caves in relies on gravity to gather in V type trench 15, fall to in receiving ore deposit tunnel 6 through arranging short drop shaft 9 of ore body lower wall, the scraper gets into and receives ore deposit tunnel 6, after receiving ore deposit tunnel 6 in the shovel dress ore, transport to panel drop shaft, accomplish the ore removal process, after ore body mining completion, carry out V type trench 15's recovery, V type trench 15's recovery method does: parallel holes 13 are arranged in the rock drilling roadway 8 towards the lower parts of two sides of the roadway, inclined holes 14 are arranged at the upper parts of the parallel holes, the row spacing is 0.5m, 1-2 rows are blasted each time until the mining of the V-shaped trench 15 in the chamber 2 is finished, after the mining of the chamber 2 in one step is finished, a filling body 16 is adopted for filling, under the protection of the filling body of the chamber 2 in one step, the mining pillar 3 in two steps has the same mining process as the mining process of the chamber 2 in one step, and the filling body 16 is made of cement: pack with a cement of tailings =1: 12.

The mining method of the invention has the advantages that the production capacity of the stope can reach 200t/d, the mining loss rate is 15 percent, and the dilution rate is 8 percent.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. an empty field subsequent filling mining method suitable for a gently inclined medium-thick ore body is characterized in that comprising the steps:

Step A: Divide the ore body into the middle section of the mining along the vertical direction, leave a sloping roof column between the two middle sections, divide the mining panels along the direction of the ore body in each middle section, and leave the mining panels between adjacent mining panels. Set the disk interval column (1), divide the mine room (2) and the mine pillar (3) in the mining panel area, and the size of the mine room (2) and the mine pillar (3) are the same;

Step B, adopt the project layout

At the bottom of the bottom wall of the middle section of the ore body, a staged transport roadway (4) is set. 5) Align with the boundary line of the mine house (2) and the mine pillar (3), in the ore outgoing road (5), excavate the receiving roadway (6), and the receiving roadway (6) connects the two adjacent mines. Enter road (5), excavate the rock-drilling connection road (7) at the center of the receiving roadway (6). The central position of the house (2) and the ore pillar (3), in the rock drilling connection channel (7), along the inclination of the ore body upwards the rock drilling tunnel (8), the upper part of the rock drilling tunnel (8) and the inclined roof pillar connected, and a short chute (9) is arranged on the horizontal plane along the rock drilling tunnel (8);

Step C, cutting

A cutting patio (10) is arranged at the bottom of the mining house (2), with the cutting patio (10) as a free surface, a cutting groove (11) is arranged, and an upward fan-shaped hole (12) is arranged in the rock drilling tunnel (8) to cut The groove (11) is a free surface, and the rock drilling tunnel (8) is topped, and the lower part of the ore body is blasted 5-8m to form a V-shaped cut groove (15);

Step D, mining and filling

The whole mining plate is divided into two steps of mining, one step is returning to the mining room (2), and the second step is returning to the mining column (3). The ore is blasted, and the caving ore accumulates in the V-shaped cut ditch (15) by gravity, falls into the receiving roadway (6) through the short chute (9) arranged in the lower wall of the ore body, and the scraper enters the receiving roadway ( 6) After shovel loading the ore in the receiving roadway (6), it is transported to the sliding shaft in the panel area to complete the ore extraction process. After the ore body mining is completed, the V-shaped cut ditch (15) is recovered until the mine room (2) The inner V-shaped cut ditch (15) has been mined. After the mining of the mining house (2) in the first step is completed, the filling body (16) is used for filling. The mining column (3), its mining process is the same as the one-step mining room (2) process, and this cycle is repeated until the stope mining is completed.

2. a kind of empty field subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thick ore body according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step A, the height of mining middle section is 30m, and the thickness of inclined roof column is 5m, and the mining method is as follows: The length of the panel is 100m~200m, the thickness of the column (1) between the panel is 30m, and the mining room (2) and the column (3) are divided every 15m in the mining panel.

3. A kind of open field subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently sloping medium-thick ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step B, along the rock drilling tunnel (8) every 20m on the horizontal plane The short chutes (9) are arranged at a distance, and 2-3 short chutes (9) are arranged in a mine house (2), and the interval length of the short chutes (9) shall not exceed 20m.

4. A kind of open field subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thick ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step C, the row spacing of the upward fan-shaped holes (12) is 0.8m, and the bottom of the hole is 0.8m. 1.5m away, blast 2-3 rows each time.

5 . The open-field subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently sloping medium-thick ore bodies according to claim 1 , characterized in that: in the step C, the height of the V-shaped cut ditch ( 15 ) is 5 m. 6 .

6. A kind of open field subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently sloping medium-thick ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: the recovery method of the V-shaped cut trench (15) in the step D is: in rock drilling Parallel holes (13) are arranged in the lower part of the roadway (8) inwards on both sides of the roadway, and inclined holes (14) are arranged in the upper part, and the row spacing is 0.5m, and 1-2 rows are blasted each time until the V-shaped cut ditch ( 15) The mining is completed.

7. A kind of open field subsequent filling mining method suitable for gently inclined medium-thick ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step D, the filling body (16) adopts cement: tailings=1:12 Cemented for filling.