CN110603944A - An integrated system of water, fertilizer and medicine - Google Patents
An integrated system of water, fertilizer and medicine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110603944A CN110603944A CN201911072457.2A CN201911072457A CN110603944A CN 110603944 A CN110603944 A CN 110603944A CN 201911072457 A CN201911072457 A CN 201911072457A CN 110603944 A CN110603944 A CN 110603944A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及农业浇灌技术领域，具体为一种水肥药一体化系统，包括上机位、PLC控制器、监控设备、湿度传感器、水箱、农药箱、肥料箱、水泵、混合罐和灌溉管路；所述监控设备与上机位通过数据线电性连接，监控设备用于对农作物的生长状态进行拍摄监控，并将拍摄的图片或视频传输的上机位，上机位的操作人员将上传到上机位的图片或视频与农作物正常生长状态的图片进行对比和分析；通过上机位、PLC控制器、监控设备和混合罐等设备的配合，实现了水肥药一体化灌溉的目的，能够更加自主化的进行农作物的喷药施肥浇水，设备有更多的选择权，有一定的智能化功能，尤其是作物监测与农药化肥的选择方面，有效的节省了劳动时间，节约布设的成本。
The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to an integrated system of water, fertilizer and medicine, including an upper machine position, a PLC controller, a monitoring device, a humidity sensor, a water tank, a pesticide tank, a fertilizer tank, a water pump, a mixing tank and irrigation pipelines; The monitoring equipment is electrically connected to the upper machine position through a data line, and the monitoring equipment is used to photograph and monitor the growth status of the crops, and transmit the captured pictures or videos to the upper machine position, and the operator on the upper machine position will upload them to the The picture or video of the upper machine position is compared and analyzed with the picture of the normal growth state of the crops; through the cooperation of the upper machine position, PLC controller, monitoring equipment, mixing tank and other equipment, the purpose of integrated irrigation with water, fertilizer and medicine is realized, which can be more Autonomous spraying, fertilization and watering of crops, the equipment has more options, and has certain intelligent functions, especially in crop monitoring and selection of pesticides and fertilizers, which effectively saves labor time and saves the cost of layout.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及农业浇灌技术领域，具体为一种水肥药一体化系统。The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to an integrated system of water, fertilizer and medicine.
背景技术Background technique
随着科学技术的发展，农业灌溉领域的技术也在飞速发展。传统的农业灌溉方式简陋，大部分是以人工作业为主，并且施肥与灌溉一般是分开进行，造成大量的水资源和人力资源的浪费，无法精确控制灌溉量，导致农业生产的收获效果差。现代技术的发展改变了以往传统的灌溉方式，但其灌溉系统的智能化水平低，依然需要人工辅助灌溉；加之现在大面积种植方式的出现，对于农业灌溉提出了更高的要求。With the development of science and technology, the technology in the field of agricultural irrigation is also developing rapidly. The traditional agricultural irrigation methods are crude, mostly manual operations, and fertilization and irrigation are generally carried out separately, resulting in a lot of waste of water and human resources, and the inability to accurately control the amount of irrigation, resulting in poor harvest results in agricultural production . The development of modern technology has changed the traditional irrigation methods in the past, but the intelligence level of the irrigation system is low, and artificial assisted irrigation is still required; in addition, the emergence of large-scale planting methods now puts forward higher requirements for agricultural irrigation.
农业灌溉、施肥与喷洒农药是保证农作物健康生长，拥有高产的前提。以往的喷药与施肥、灌溉往往是分开独立进行的，现有的灌溉系统大部分是水肥一体化装置，较少涉及农药喷洒的问题。农作物的生长过程中有很多的病虫害需要防治，这时往往需要耗费人力进行实地查看，然后根据实地查看结果进行针对性的喷药，喷药与施肥、灌溉分开独立进行，无法满足农业的集约化生产，作业步骤较多，布设成本也大。Agricultural irrigation, fertilization and pesticide spraying are the prerequisites to ensure the healthy growth of crops and high yield. In the past, pesticide spraying, fertilization, and irrigation were often carried out separately and independently. Most of the existing irrigation systems are integrated water and fertilizer devices, which rarely involve the issue of pesticide spraying. During the growth of crops, there are many diseases and insect pests that need to be controlled. At this time, it is often necessary to spend manpower on the spot inspection, and then carry out targeted spraying according to the results of the field inspection. The spraying is carried out independently from fertilization and irrigation, which cannot meet the intensification of agriculture. There are many steps in production and operation, and the layout cost is also high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决喷药与施肥、灌溉分开独立进行而造成的作业步骤较多，布设成本较大的问题，本发明提供一种水肥药一体化系统。In order to solve the problem that the spraying is carried out independently from fertilization and irrigation, there are many operation steps and the layout cost is relatively large, the present invention provides an integrated system of water, fertilizer and medicine.
本发明解决其技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：本发明所述的一种水肥药一体化系统，包括上机位、PLC控制器、监控设备、湿度传感器、水箱、农药箱、肥料箱、水泵、混合罐和灌溉管路；所述监控设备与上机位通过数据线电性连接，监控设备用于对农作物的生长状态进行拍摄监控，并将拍摄的图片或视频传输的上机位，上机位的操作人员将上传到上机位的图片或视频与农作物正常生长状态的图片进行对比和分析，确定是否需要进行施肥；所述湿度传感器布置在土壤中，进行土壤的湿度检测，并将监测到的数据传输到上机位，上机位的操作人员通过将湿度传感器上传的数据与预先设定在上机位内的上下限参数作对比，判断是否需要进行浇水；所述PLC控制器与上机位电性连接，PLC控制器通过发生程序指令控制一体化系统内的电气元件工作；所述水泵包括水泵1和水泵2，所述水泵1用于将外部水源中的水抽入到水箱内进行储存，所述混合罐包括混合罐1和混合罐2，所述水箱通过三个独立的水管分别与混合罐1、混合罐2和水泵2连接，所述混合罐1上通过水管与农药箱连接，所述混合罐2上通过水管分别与肥料箱和农药箱连接，混合罐1用于农药箱内的农药和水箱内的水进行混合，混合罐1通过水管与水泵2连接，混合罐2用于农药箱内的农药、水箱内的水和肥料箱内的肥料进行混合，混合罐1和混合罐2分别通过水管与水泵2连接，所述水管上均设置有由PLC控制器控制的电磁阀，水泵2与灌溉管路连接，水泵2用于向灌溉管路供水，灌溉管路向农作物灌溉，水箱、肥料箱和农药箱中都设有流量计和传感器，通过PLC控制器控制水泵2直接将水箱内的水抽入灌溉管路中进行管路的清洗，不用再为混合罐1和混合罐2分别布置两套灌溉管路，节约布设的成本。The present invention solves its technical problems and adopts the following technical schemes to realize: a kind of integrated system of water, fertilizer and medicine according to the present invention includes an upper machine position, a PLC controller, a monitoring device, a humidity sensor, a water tank, a pesticide box, a fertilizer box, and a water pump , a mixing tank and irrigation pipelines; the monitoring equipment is electrically connected to the upper machine position through a data line, and the monitoring equipment is used to photograph and monitor the growth status of the crops, and transmit the captured pictures or videos to the upper machine position. The operator of the machine position compares and analyzes the picture or video uploaded to the upper machine position with the picture of the normal growth state of the crops to determine whether fertilization is required; the humidity sensor is arranged in the soil to detect the humidity of the soil, and The monitored data is transmitted to the upper machine position, and the operator on the upper machine position compares the data uploaded by the humidity sensor with the upper and lower limit parameters preset in the upper machine position to judge whether watering is needed; the PLC control The device is electrically connected with the upper machine position, and the PLC controller controls the electrical components in the integrated system to work by generating program instructions; the water pump includes a water pump 1 and a water pump 2, and the water pump 1 is used to pump water from an external water source into Store in the water tank, the mixing tank includes a mixing tank 1 and a mixing tank 2, the water tank is connected to the mixing tank 1, the mixing tank 2 and the water pump 2 through three independent water pipes, and the mixing tank 1 is connected to the mixing tank 1 through a water pipe Connected with the pesticide box, the mixing tank 2 is respectively connected with the fertilizer box and the pesticide box through a water pipe, the mixing tank 1 is used for mixing the pesticide in the pesticide box and the water in the water tank, and the mixing tank 1 is connected with the water pump 2 through a water pipe, The mixing tank 2 is used to mix the pesticide in the pesticide box, the water in the water tank and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box. The mixing tank 1 and the mixing tank 2 are respectively connected to the water pump 2 through water pipes. The controlled solenoid valve, the water pump 2 is connected with the irrigation pipeline, the water pump 2 is used to supply water to the irrigation pipeline, and the irrigation pipeline irrigates the crops, and the water tank, the fertilizer tank and the pesticide tank are equipped with flowmeters and sensors, which are controlled by the PLC controller The water pump 2 directly pumps the water in the water tank into the irrigation pipeline to clean the pipeline, and there is no need to arrange two sets of irrigation pipelines for the mixing tank 1 and the mixing tank 2, which saves the cost of layout.
优选的，所述监控设备安装在电动伸缩杆上，所述电动伸缩杆固定在灌溉管路上，电动伸缩杆由PLC控制器控制，通过PLC控制器控制电动伸缩杆伸缩，以便于调节监控设备与农作物间的距离。Preferably, the monitoring equipment is installed on an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod is fixed on the irrigation pipeline, and the electric telescopic rod is controlled by a PLC controller. distance between crops.
优选的，所述水箱与水泵1之间设置有过滤器，所述过滤器为砂石过滤器，水源内所含有机物和砂石较多，所以利用砂石过滤器进行有效的水源过滤，防止水源里的有机物或者杂质对灌溉管道造成所伤，减少后期的维护成本。Preferably, a filter is arranged between the water tank and the water pump 1, and the filter is a sandstone filter, and the water source contains more organic matter and sandstone, so the sandstone filter is used for effective water source filtration to prevent The organic matter or impurities in the water source will cause damage to the irrigation pipeline, reducing the maintenance cost in the later period.
优选的，所述灌溉管路内布置有多个压力传感器，所述压力传感器用于检测灌溉管路内水流的压力，多个压力传感器等距布置在灌溉管路的内部，压力传感器的数据传输到上机位，通过对多个压力传感器数据的分析，从而检查出灌溉管路是否发生堵塞。Preferably, multiple pressure sensors are arranged in the irrigation pipeline, and the pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure of the water flow in the irrigation pipeline. The multiple pressure sensors are equidistantly arranged inside the irrigation pipeline, and the data transmission of the pressure sensors Go to the upper position and analyze the data of multiple pressure sensors to check whether the irrigation pipeline is blocked.
优选的，所述灌溉管路包括滴灌管道和喷灌管道。Preferably, the irrigation pipeline includes a drip irrigation pipeline and a sprinkler irrigation pipeline.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
本发明的一种水肥药一体化系统，通过上机位、PLC控制器、监控设备和混合罐等设备的配合，实现了水肥药一体化灌溉的目的，能够更加自主化的进行农作物的喷药施肥浇水，设备有更多的选择权，有一定的智能化功能，尤其是作物监测与农药化肥的选择方面，有效的节省了劳动时间，节约布设的成本。The integrated system of water, fertilizer and medicine of the present invention realizes the purpose of integrated irrigation of water, fertilizer and medicine through the cooperation of upper machine position, PLC controller, monitoring equipment, mixing tank and other equipment, and can spray pesticides on crops more autonomously For fertilization and watering, the equipment has more choices and has certain intelligent functions, especially in crop monitoring and selection of pesticides and fertilizers, which effectively saves labor time and saves the cost of layout.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明系统的总体框图。Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of the system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种技术方案：本发明所述的一种水肥药一体化系统，包括上机位、PLC控制器、监控设备、湿度传感器、水箱、农药箱、肥料箱、水泵、混合罐和灌溉管路；所述监控设备与上机位通过数据线电性连接，监控设备用于对农作物的生长状态进行拍摄监控，并将拍摄的图片或视频传输的上机位，上机位的操作人员将上传到上机位的图片或视频与农作物正常生长状态的图片进行对比和分析，确定是否需要进行施肥；所述湿度传感器布置在土壤中，进行土壤的湿度检测，并将监测到的数据传输到上机位，上机位的操作人员通过将湿度传感器上传的数据与预先设定在上机位内的上下限参数作对比，判断是否需要进行浇水；所述PLC控制器与上机位电性连接，PLC控制器通过发生程序指令控制一体化系统内的电气元件工作；所述水泵包括水泵1和水泵2，所述水泵1用于将外部水源中的水抽入到水箱内进行储存，所述混合罐包括混合罐1和混合罐2，所述水箱通过三个独立的水管分别与混合罐1、混合罐2和水泵2连接，所述混合罐1上通过水管与农药箱连接，所述混合罐2上通过水管分别与肥料箱和农药箱连接，混合罐1用于农药箱内的农药和水箱内的水进行混合，混合罐1通过水管与水泵2连接，混合罐2用于农药箱内的农药、水箱内的水和肥料箱内的肥料进行混合，混合罐1和混合罐2分别通过水管与水泵2连接，所述水管上均设置有由PLC控制器控制的电磁阀，水泵2与灌溉管路连接，水泵2用于向灌溉管路供水，灌溉管路向农作物灌溉，水箱、肥料箱和农药箱中都设有流量计和传感器。Please refer to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a kind of integrated water, fertilizer and medicine system according to the present invention, including upper machine position, PLC controller, monitoring equipment, humidity sensor, water tank, pesticide box, fertilizer box, water pump , a mixing tank and irrigation pipelines; the monitoring equipment is electrically connected to the upper machine position through a data line, and the monitoring equipment is used to photograph and monitor the growth status of the crops, and transmit the captured pictures or videos to the upper machine position. The operator of the machine position compares and analyzes the picture or video uploaded to the upper machine position with the picture of the normal growth state of the crops to determine whether fertilization is required; the humidity sensor is arranged in the soil to detect the humidity of the soil, and The monitored data is transmitted to the upper machine position, and the operator on the upper machine position compares the data uploaded by the humidity sensor with the upper and lower limit parameters preset in the upper machine position to judge whether watering is needed; the PLC control The device is electrically connected with the upper machine position, and the PLC controller controls the work of the electrical components in the integrated system by generating program instructions; the water pump includes a water pump 1 and a water pump 2, and the water pump 1 is used to pump water from an external water source into Store in the water tank, the mixing tank includes a mixing tank 1 and a mixing tank 2, the water tank is connected to the mixing tank 1, the mixing tank 2 and the water pump 2 through three independent water pipes, and the mixing tank 1 is connected to the mixing tank 1 through a water pipe Connected with the pesticide box, the mixing tank 2 is respectively connected with the fertilizer box and the pesticide box through a water pipe, the mixing tank 1 is used for mixing the pesticide in the pesticide box and the water in the water tank, and the mixing tank 1 is connected with the water pump 2 through a water pipe, The mixing tank 2 is used to mix the pesticide in the pesticide box, the water in the water tank and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box. The mixing tank 1 and the mixing tank 2 are respectively connected to the water pump 2 through water pipes. The controlled solenoid valve and the water pump 2 are connected to the irrigation pipeline, the water pump 2 is used to supply water to the irrigation pipeline, and the irrigation pipeline irrigates the crops, and flowmeters and sensors are arranged in the water tank, the fertilizer tank and the pesticide tank.
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述监控设备安装在电动伸缩杆上，所述电动伸缩杆固定在灌溉管路上，电动伸缩杆由PLC控制器控制，通过PLC控制器控制电动伸缩杆伸缩，以便于调节监控设备与农作物间的距离。As an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring equipment is installed on an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod is fixed on the irrigation pipeline. In order to adjust the distance between the monitoring equipment and the crops.
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述水箱与水泵1之间设置有过滤器，所述过滤器为砂石过滤器，水源内所含有机物和砂石较多，所以利用砂石过滤器进行有效的水源过滤，防止水源里的有机物或者杂质对灌溉管道造成所伤，减少后期的维护成本。As an embodiment of the present invention, a filter is arranged between the water tank and the water pump 1, and the filter is a sandstone filter, and there are many organic matter and sandstone in the water source, so the sandstone filter is used to carry out Effective water source filtration prevents organic matter or impurities in the water source from causing damage to irrigation pipes and reduces later maintenance costs.
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述灌溉管路内布置有多个压力传感器，所述压力传感器用于检测灌溉管路内水流的压力，多个压力传感器等距布置在灌溉管路的内部，压力传感器的数据传输到上机位，通过对多个压力传感器数据的分析，从而检查出灌溉管路是否发生堵塞。As an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in the irrigation pipeline, and the pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure of the water flow in the irrigation pipeline, and the plurality of pressure sensors are equidistantly arranged inside the irrigation pipeline , the data of the pressure sensor is transmitted to the upper machine position, and through the analysis of the data of multiple pressure sensors, it is checked whether the irrigation pipeline is blocked.
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述灌溉管路包括滴灌管道和喷灌管道。As an embodiment of the present invention, the irrigation pipeline includes a drip irrigation pipeline and a sprinkler irrigation pipeline.
需要说明的是，根据相关的农艺资料可知，化肥与农药混合后对农作物生长不都是有利的，有的混合后会使得化肥的影响降低或者是产生有害的物质影响农作物的正产生长；鉴于此，将常见的农药与化肥混合后的相关试验资料收集到电脑中，操作人员可以根据这些资料判断所施农药与化肥是否可以混合达标，进而做出下一步的操作。It should be noted that, according to the relevant agronomic data, the mixture of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is not always beneficial to the growth of crops, and some mixtures will reduce the impact of chemical fertilizers or produce harmful substances that affect the normal growth of crops; in view of Therefore, the relevant experimental data of common pesticides and chemical fertilizers are collected into the computer, and the operator can judge whether the applied pesticides and chemical fertilizers can be mixed up to the standard based on these data, and then make the next step.
工作原理：首先，农作物确定施药或者施肥之后，若农作物同时需要施肥和施药，操作人员根据监控设备图像中农作物的生长现状确定所需农药和化肥的种类，然后通过上位机所储存的数据分析所需农药和化肥之间混合是否会对农作物生长产生不良的影响；第一种情况，当农药和化肥混合后不会对农作物生长产生副作用，那么上位机控制将这一信息传递给PLC控制器，PLC控制器通过程序指令，控制水泵1供水，通过水泵1将水源送入过滤器中，进行水源的充分过滤，在过滤结束后通过PLC程序，同时打开水箱、农药箱和肥料箱的电磁阀开关，在水箱、肥料箱和农药箱中都设有流量计和传感器，根据事先设定好的参数，按一定的比例分别往混合罐2中供应水、农药和肥料，通过PLC控制器对混合罐里的液体进行一段时间的搅拌，搅拌结束后，混合罐2的出口处的电磁阀开关打开，进入灌溉管道对农作物进行喷灌作业；第二种情况，当农药和化肥混合后会对农作物生长产生副作用时，先将水肥进行滴灌作业，此时上位机通过PLC控制器将控制水箱和肥料箱的电磁开关打开，一起进入到混合罐2中，进行一段时间的搅拌，搅拌充分后打开混合罐的出料口电磁阀开关，通过水泵2和滴灌管道进行节约式作业。然后一段时间后将农药箱与水箱的电磁阀开关打开，两种原料进入到混合罐1中，重复水肥灌溉的步骤，然后通过水泵2和喷灌管道将农药喷洒到作物中；当需要单独施药的时候，由上位机控制着PLC控制器发出相关指令，农药箱与水箱的阀门分别打开，然后根据施药要求走滴灌管道/喷灌管道；对于只是单独浇水作业来讲，通过土壤中设置的传感器进行土壤的湿度检测，根据土壤中的湿度传感器传回上机位的相关数据，与设定的上下限参数进行对比确认，判定是否需要进行灌溉。Working principle: First, after the crops are determined to be sprayed or fertilized, if the crops need to be fertilized and sprayed at the same time, the operator determines the types of pesticides and fertilizers required according to the growth status of the crops in the images of the monitoring equipment, and then uses the data stored in the host computer Analyze whether the mixture of pesticides and fertilizers will have adverse effects on the growth of crops; in the first case, when the mixture of pesticides and fertilizers will not have side effects on crop growth, then the host computer control will pass this information to the PLC control The PLC controller controls the water supply of the water pump 1 through program instructions, sends the water source into the filter through the water pump 1, and performs sufficient filtration of the water source. Valve switch, flow meters and sensors are installed in the water tank, fertilizer tank and pesticide tank. According to the parameters set in advance, water, pesticide and fertilizer are respectively supplied to the mixing tank 2 in a certain proportion, and are controlled by the PLC controller. The liquid in the mixing tank is stirred for a period of time. After the stirring is completed, the solenoid valve switch at the outlet of the mixing tank 2 is opened, and enters the irrigation pipeline to perform spray irrigation on the crops; When the growth produces side effects, the water and fertilizer are drip-irrigated first. At this time, the host computer turns on the electromagnetic switch controlling the water tank and the fertilizer tank through the PLC controller, and enters the mixing tank 2 together for a period of stirring. After the stirring is sufficient, the mixing tank is turned on. The electromagnetic valve switch of the discharge port of the tank is used to perform economical operation through the water pump 2 and the drip irrigation pipeline. Then after a period of time, the solenoid valve switch of the pesticide box and the water tank is opened, and the two raw materials enter the mixing tank 1, repeat the steps of water and fertilizer irrigation, and then spray the pesticide into the crops through the water pump 2 and the sprinkler pipeline; when it is necessary to apply the pesticide separately When the upper computer controls the PLC controller to issue relevant instructions, the valves of the pesticide tank and the water tank are opened respectively, and then the drip irrigation pipeline/spray irrigation pipeline is used according to the pesticide application requirements; The sensor detects the humidity of the soil, and compares and confirms with the set upper and lower limit parameters according to the relevant data sent back from the humidity sensor in the soil to determine whether irrigation is required.
虽然在上文中已经参考实施例对本发明进行了描述，然而在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，本发明所披露的实施例中的各项特征均可通过任意方式相互结合起来使用，在本说明书中未对这些组合的情况进行穷举性的描述仅仅是出于省略篇幅和节约资源的考虑。因此，本发明并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。While the invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention can be used in combination with each other in any way, and the description of these combinations is not exhaustive in this specification only to show In consideration of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
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