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CN110541302B - 一种纸基材料表面改性的方法 - Google Patents

一种纸基材料表面改性的方法 Download PDF

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CN110541302B
CN110541302B CN201910840504.7A CN201910840504A CN110541302B CN 110541302 B CN110541302 B CN 110541302B CN 201910840504 A CN201910840504 A CN 201910840504A CN 110541302 B CN110541302 B CN 110541302B
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李群
刘蓉蓉
游紫
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Tianjin University of Science and Technology
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    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M14/00Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
    • D06M14/02Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin
    • D06M14/04Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin of vegetal origin, e.g. cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纸基材料表面改性的方法。其基本特点是利用纳米纤维素、高打浆度纤维、合成纤维等具有高比表面积具有催化剂吸附能力的纤维材料为引发剂载体,吸附于纸基材料纤维表面形成引发位点,在纸基材料表面完成接枝疏水改性。将负载了引发剂的载体纤维加入纸基材料中,载体纤维与纸基材料紧密结合,覆盖在其表面,且具有极大的比表面积和丰富的表面羟基(‑OH),在自由基聚合反应中具有更多的引发位点,从而在接枝过程中提高功能化单体的接枝率。改性反应主要发生在含有引发剂的纳米纤维与纸基材料表面,在实现纸基材料表面改性的同时,可以减少对纸基材料结构的破坏和负面影响。

Description

一种纸基材料表面改性的方法
技术领域
本发明属于以Fenton试剂为引发剂的纤维素纤维自由基聚合接枝改性。具体涉及一种以利用纳米纤维素、高打浆度纤维、合成纤维等具有高比表面积具有催化剂吸附能力的纤维材料为引发剂载体,吸附于纸基材料表面形成引发位点,完成接枝功能化改性的方法。
背景技术
纸基功能材料以天然植物纤维为主要原料,是传统造纸产业转型的重要方向,其主要改性手段之一是通过对纤维素基材料的接枝改性处理,引入各种功能基团以适应不同需求。
纤维素纤维在单体的链式聚合反应中,易发生接枝单体进入纤维内部引发的纤维溶胀,破坏纤维结构并损伤纤维强度。为保证纸基材料的特性和强度,并降低引发剂及单体在反应体系中的无效接枝和浪费,在纤维素基材料中加入能够负载引发剂的纤维材料(如纳米纤丝、微纤化纤维素、无机纤维或芳纶纤维等),使其吸附覆盖在纤维材料上,从而将自由基聚合反应主要限制在含有引发剂的载体及纸基材料的表面。
选用Fenton试剂(Fe2++H2O2)作为引发剂,廉价易得且反应以水为介质,条件温和、清洁环保,可适用于工业大规模使用和生产。铁离子的载体选用具有较大比表面积和丰富的表面羟基(-OH)的纤维等材料,可以通过调整载体表面暴露的羟基数量或反应能力(如载体纤维的打浆度、细纤维化程度等),来控制自由基聚合反应中引发位点的数量及功能性单体的接枝率,调配纸基功能材料的效果。
适用于多种纤维素基材料例如各种滤纸(选择性滤纸),包装纸,阻燃纸以及各种具有表面改性需要的纸张及其制品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种以纳米纤维素、高打浆度纤维、合成纤维等具有高比表面积和吸附能力的纤维材料为载体,通过负载自由基聚合反应引发剂,使引发剂固着在纸基材料表面,实现纸浆纤维表面的自由基聚合接枝改性方法,在纤维上引入功能基团,制造复合纸基功能材料。
本发明通过以下技术方案实施:
载体以纳米纤丝为例,纳米纤丝浸渍硫酸亚铁溶液,离心法充分洗涤,去除游离的铁离子。纸基材料原料以硫酸盐漂白针叶木浆为例,加入原浆质量5~10%的纳米纤丝,充分混合搅拌,使负载了铁离子的纳米纤丝均匀吸附在纤维表面。以水为反应介质,在反应器中加入溶剂总质量0.5~5%处理后的纸浆纤维,2~10%单体(丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯等乙烯基单体),0.1%~2%乳化剂,通入氮气排除氧气,加热至60~80℃搅拌15min。加入0.01%~0.1%过氧化氢反应0.5~1.5h,与纳米纤丝中负载的亚铁离子形成Fenton氧化还原体系,产生自由基,在纤维表面发生自由基接枝反应,得到疏水改性纸基材料。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
与浸渍法、气相沉积法等疏水改性纤维相比较,本发明中纤维素纤维表面负载的纳米纤丝具有更加丰富的表面羟基(-OH),在自由基聚合反应中具有更多的引发位点,可以极大提高疏水性单体的接枝率,增强疏水效果。同时接枝反应主要发生在含有引发剂的纳米纤丝上及纤维表面,可以减少对纤维结构的破坏。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施实例对本发明的最佳实施方案进一步详述。
以100吨/天硫酸盐漂白针叶木浆为原料的表面改性纸基功能材料生产过程为例,具体实施方式如下:
载体以纳米纤丝为例,纳米纤丝浸渍硫酸亚铁溶液,离心法充分洗涤,去除游离的铁离子。纸基材料以100吨硫酸盐漂白针叶木浆为原料,加入6吨负载铁离子的纳米纤丝(绝干),充分混合搅拌,使负载了铁离子的纳米纤丝均匀吸附在纤维表面。加入200吨单体(丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯),8吨乳化剂,添加适量清水调节浆料浓度为2%,通入氮气排除氧气,加热至60℃搅拌15min。加入2.5吨过氧化氢,充分搅拌反应1h,得到表面疏水改性纸基材料。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)在纤维素基材料中加入能够负载引发剂的纤维材料(如纳米纤丝、微纤化纤维素、无机纤维或芳纶纤维等),将自由基聚合反应主要限制在含有引发剂的载体及纸基材料的表面。可以减少对纤维结构的破坏和负面影响。
(2通过调整载体表面暴露的羟基数量或反应能力(如载体纤维的打浆度、细纤维化程度等),来控制自由基聚合反应中引发位点的数量及功能性单体的接枝率,调配纸基功能材料的效果。

Claims (1)

1.一种纸基材料表面改性的方法,其特征在于如下制备步骤:
(1)将纳米纤丝、高打浆度纤维、无机纤维或芳纶纤维浸渍硫酸亚铁溶液,离心法充分洗涤,去除游离的亚铁离子,制备得到载体纤维;
(2)以硫酸盐漂白针叶木浆为纸基材料,加入纸基材料原质量6%的载体纤维,充分混合搅拌,使负载了亚铁离子的载体纤维均匀吸附在纸基材料表面;以水为反应介质,在反应器中加入2%质量分数处理后的纸基材,4%丙烯酸甲酯乙烯基单体或者甲基丙烯酸乙酯乙烯基单体,0.16%乳化剂,通入氮气排除氧气,加热至60℃搅拌15min;
(3)加入0.05%过氧化氢分解产生自由基,在纸基材料表面发生自由基接枝反应,充分搅拌反应1h,得到功能化改性纸基材料。
CN201910840504.7A 2019-09-06 2019-09-06 一种纸基材料表面改性的方法 Active CN110541302B (zh)

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JP2014163002A (ja) * 2013-02-22 2014-09-08 Arakawa Chem Ind Co Ltd 製紙用表面サイズ剤および該サイズ剤を塗工してなる紙
CN109898321A (zh) * 2019-02-27 2019-06-18 天津科技大学 一种利用羧甲基纤维素负载Fe2+对纸浆纤维表面氧化的方法

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JP2014163002A (ja) * 2013-02-22 2014-09-08 Arakawa Chem Ind Co Ltd 製紙用表面サイズ剤および該サイズ剤を塗工してなる紙
CN109898321A (zh) * 2019-02-27 2019-06-18 天津科技大学 一种利用羧甲基纤维素负载Fe2+对纸浆纤维表面氧化的方法

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