CN1105349C - System designing support apparatus - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种系统设计支持装置,用于通过组合实现系统设计所需功能的低层要素的多个功能块来产生高层的复合功能块。该装置包括:信息提示部(12),从低层的各个功能块中提取属性,并且显示信息,以使操作者将该属性指定为高层中的特有属性、或低层和高层中的共有信息;指定输入部(11),使操作者根据信息提示部所示的信息,将低层的各个功能块的属性指定为特有属性或共有信息;特有信息登录处理部(13),当操作者指定为特有属性时,将该属性登录为特有属性;特有信息存储部(14),存储特有属性;以及共有信息存储部(15),存储特有属性以外的信息,作为共有信息,其中,在高层的复合功能块中可以区别利用特有属性和共有信息。
A system design support device for generating a high-level composite function block by combining a plurality of function blocks of low-level elements that realize functions required for system design. The device includes: an information prompting part (12), extracting attributes from each function block of the lower layer, and displaying information, so that the operator specifies the attribute as a unique attribute in the upper layer, or common information between the lower layer and the higher layer; The input part (11) makes the operator designate the attribute of each function block of the lower layer as unique attribute or shared information according to the information shown in the information prompting part; When registering this attribute as a unique attribute; the unique information storage unit (14) stores the unique attribute; and the shared information storage unit (15) stores information other than the unique attribute as the shared information, wherein the composite function block in the upper layer It can distinguish between unique attributes and shared information.
Description
发明领域Field of Invention
本发明涉及一种系统设计支持装置,用于支持系统开发所需的软件制作(编程)或设计。The present invention relates to a system design support device for supporting software production (programming) or design required for system development.
背景技术 Background technique
用于控制成套设备(plant)等系统的运算处理器由实现加法和乘法等基本功能或其任意组合(称为“复合功能”)的多个要系(以下称为“功能块”)构成。这些要素不仅包含实现所需功能的程序,过包含硬件电路。这些要素可以被理解为“部件”或“模块”。特别是在软件技术领域,这些部件被称为“对象部件”,因为它们属于“对象”这一概念。将几个对象部件进行组合则生成具有特定功能的对象部件组(称为“复合对象部件”)。复合对象部件可以被表达为与低层中的多个功能块相对的高层中的复合功能块。此外,有时将复合对象部件进行组合可以生成更高层的复合功能块。An arithmetic processor used to control a system such as a plant is composed of multiple elements (hereinafter referred to as "function blocks") that realize basic functions such as addition and multiplication, or any combination thereof (referred to as "composite functions"). These elements include not only programs for realizing required functions, but also hardware circuits. These elements may be understood as "components" or "modules". Especially in the field of software technology, these parts are called "object parts" because they belong to the concept "object". Combining several object parts creates a group of object parts (called "composite object parts") with specific functions. A compound object part can be expressed as a compound function block in a high level as opposed to a plurality of function blocks in a low level. In addition, sometimes compound object parts can be combined to generate higher-level compound function blocks.
已提供有下述设计支持软件,用于通过将上述对象部件进行组合来创建复合对象部件。The following design support software has been provided for creating compound object parts by combining the above object parts.
(1)美国National Instruments公司的“LabVIEW”(1) "LabVIEW" of National Instruments, USA
这是一种编程支持工具,其中准备了各种对象部件(所谓的“VirtualInstrument(虚拟器件)”,以下表达为“VI”)作为数值运算等算法,并且使用任选的VI组和VI间的链接来构筑某种应用功能。根据称为链接图编辑器(linking diagram editor)的系统,将用多个块的链接来表达的合适的部分进行分组,可以生成包括它们的复合对象部件(称为“sub VI(子VI)”)。可以通过复制复合对象部件而将复合对象部件用于同一应用或其他应用。在此情况下,使用复合对象部件的位置引用原始复合对象部件的下层中包括的对象部件组(对象部件组由所有使用位置共用)。This is a programming support tool in which various object parts (so-called "Virtual Instrument (virtual device)", hereinafter expressed as "VI") are prepared as algorithms such as numerical operations, and use optional VI groups and inter-VI Links to build some kind of application functionality. According to a system called a linking diagram editor (linking diagram editor), appropriate parts expressed by links of multiple blocks can be grouped, and a composite object part (called "sub VI (sub VI)" including them can be generated. ). The compound object part can be used in the same application or other applications by duplicating the compound object part. In this case, the position of the use compound object part refers to the object part group included in the lower layer of the original compound object part (the object part group is common to all use positions).
当复合对象部件(子VI)被用于几个地点时,信息由源和使用端共用。如果下层中的对象部件组的信息在源和使用端可以完全相同,则没有问题,但是这种状况很少。在许多情况下,为了利用复合对象部件,要求变更低层中的部件的属性信息,或者用其他种类的对象部件来取代低层中的对象部件。在此情况下,需要复制低层中的对象部件组的全部内容,以准备另外的复合对象部件,并且变更所需部分来使用它。即,需要准备大量的部分变更的(从而作为整体是类似的)复合对象部件,导致各个复合对象的可用性降低。When a compound object component (subVI) is used in several locations, the information is shared by the source and the consumer. There is no problem if the information of the object part group in the lower layer can be exactly the same on the source and the consumption side, but such a case is rare. In many cases, in order to use a compound object part, it is required to change the attribute information of the part in the lower layer, or to replace the object part in the lower layer with another kind of object part. In this case, it is necessary to copy the entire contents of the object part group in the lower layer to prepare another composite object part, and to use it by changing the necessary part. That is, it is necessary to prepare a large number of partially changed (and therefore similar as a whole) composite object parts, resulting in reduced usability of each composite object.
(2)美国Math Works公司的“Matlab/Simulink”(2) "Matlab/Simulink" of American Math Works Company
这是一种同样的编程支持工具,并且使得复合对象部件(称为“子系统”)可以通过几乎同样的操作来产生。可以通过复制该复合对象部件而将其用于同一应用和其他应用。在此情况下,低层中包括的所有对象部件组被复制,以分别存在于每个使用位置。This is the same programming support facility, and enables components of composite objects (called "subsystems") to be generated by almost the same operations. This composite object part can be used in the same application and other applications by duplicating it. In this case, all object part groups included in the lower layer are copied to exist in each usage location respectively.
此外,低层中包括的对象部件组中的特定部件的属性可以被看作高层中的复合对象部件的属性。如果在使用复合对象部件的位置设置属性值,则它是作为低层中的相应部件的属性值而设置的。Furthermore, the properties of a specific part in the object part group included in the lower layer can be regarded as the properties of the composite object part in the higher layer. If an attribute value is set where a compound object part is used, it is set as the attribute value of the corresponding part in the lower layer.
“属性”指的是表征对象的外观、状态和其他性质的事项。在上述功能块的情况下,“属性”是执行功能(例如,四则运算之一)所需的事项(例如,各种运算参数)。每个属性的后面通常跟着解释该属性的附加信息,即属性的缺省值(形成功能块时首次设置的值)和属性值的限制(变更属性值时属性值可取的范围)等信息。"Properties" refer to things that characterize the appearance, state, and other properties of an object. In the case of the above-mentioned function blocks, "attributes" are matters (for example, various operation parameters) required to execute the function (for example, one of the four arithmetic operations). Each attribute is usually followed by additional information explaining the attribute, that is, the default value of the attribute (the value set for the first time when the function block is formed) and the restriction of the attribute value (the range that the attribute value can take when changing the attribute value) and other information.
使用上述复合对象部件(子系统),只要属性值包含在可变更范围内,则无需准备类似的复合对象部件,这与上述(1)不同,因为低层中的特定对象部件的值可以从高层中的复合对象部件来设置。然而,不能变更低层中的特定对象部件的“类”。即,不能将低层中的某个特定对象部件变更为具有不同功能的对象部件。在此情况下,需要准备另一个复合对象部件,其中已经将特定对象部件变更为另一类的对象部件。With the above compound object part (subsystem), as long as the attribute value is included in the changeable range, there is no need to prepare a similar compound object part, which is different from the above (1), because the value of a specific object part in the lower layer can be obtained from the higher layer The compound object part to set. However, the "class" of a specific object part in a lower layer cannot be changed. That is, it is not possible to change a specific target part in the lower layer to a target part having a different function. In this case, it is necessary to prepare another compound object part in which a specific object part has been changed to another type of object part.
类”是指示区别对象的属性和功能的种类或类型(type)的事项。这对应于面向对象软件技术中的类,即对象的模板,包括表示对象属性的变量(属性值)和功能。"Class" is a matter indicating a kind or type (type) that distinguishes attributes and functions of an object. This corresponds to a class in object-oriented software technology, that is, a template of an object, including variables (attribute values) and functions representing object attributes.
当在几处利用复合对象部件时,在每个使用位置完全复制低层中的对象部件组。即,源的子系统和每个使用位置的子系统分别具有独立的部件组。在此情况下,如果源的低层中的对象部件组的信息中有差错,并且修改该差错,则必须对后一子系统的低层中对象部件组复本的信息进行类似的修改,导致多余的维护工作。When a compound object part is utilized at several places, the object part group in the lower layer is completely copied at each usage position. That is, the subsystem of the source and the subsystem of each usage location have independent component groups. In this case, if there is an error in the information of the object part group in the lower layer of the source, and the error is corrected, a similar modification must be made to the information of the copy of the object part group in the lower layer of the latter subsystem, resulting in redundant maintenance work.
尽管复本和原本具有相同的内容,但是在计算机中需要2倍的无用存储器容量。此外,当原始和复制的信息被存储在硬盘等存储器中时,要求硬盘的容量加倍,因为尽管内容彼此相同,但是这些信息是被分别存储的。当要求多个拷贝时,需要的多余容量与拷贝数成正比地增加。Although the copy and the original have the same content, twice the amount of useless memory is required in the computer. Furthermore, when the original and copied information are stored in a storage such as a hard disk, the capacity of the hard disk is required to be doubled because these information are stored separately although the contents are the same as each other. When multiple copies are required, the excess capacity required increases proportionally to the number of copies.
从而,本发明的目的是提供一种系统设计支持装置,为了进行系统设计,当通过将多个功能(不仅包含基本功能,还包含复合功能)块作为低层要素进行组合来准备具有特定功能的复合对象部件时,改善了复合对象部件的可(重)用性和维护的可操作性。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a system design support device that prepares a composite function having a specific function by combining a plurality of functional blocks (including not only basic functions but also composite functions) as low-level elements for system design. When object parts are used, the (re)usability and maintenance operability of compound object parts are improved.
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种系统设计支持装置,能够减少上述工作中所需的存储器容量和用于存储的存储设备的容量。Another object of the present invention is to provide a system design support apparatus capable of reducing the memory capacity and the capacity of a storage device for storage required in the above work.
发明概述Summary of Invention
本发明提供一种系统设计支持装置,用于通过组合实现系统设计所需功能的低层要素的多个功能块来产生高层的复合功能块,包括:信息提示部,从低层的各个功能块中提取属性,并且显示信息,以使操作者将该属性指定为高层中的特有属性、或低层和高层中的共有信息;指定输入部,使操作者根据信息提示部所示的信息,将低层的各个功能块的属性指定为特有属性或共有信息;特有信息登录处理部,当操作者指定为特有属性时,将该属性登录为特有属性;特有信息存储部,存储特有属性;以及共有信息存储部,存储特有属性以外的信息,作为共有信息,其中,在高层的复合功能块中可以区别利用特有属性和共有信息。The present invention provides a system design support device, which is used to generate a high-level compound function block by combining multiple function blocks of low-level elements that realize the functions required by the system design, including: an information prompt unit, which is extracted from each low-level function block attribute, and display information so that the operator specifies the attribute as a unique attribute in the high-level, or common information in the low-level and high-level; designate the input part, so that the operator can set each of the low-level properties according to the information shown in the information prompt part The attribute of the function block is designated as a unique attribute or shared information; a unique information registration processing unit registers the attribute as a unique attribute when the operator designates it as a unique attribute; a unique information storage unit stores the unique attribute; and a shared information storage unit, Information other than the unique attributes is stored as shared information, and the unique attributes and the shared information can be differentiated and used in high-level composite function blocks.
根据本发明,当准备与下层的功能块的组合具有相同结构、具有类似属性的高层的功能块时,不用超出计算机程序的实体(实体部分)的必要来增加低层的功能块的组合结构本身,可以只产生最少所需的实体,并且对于高层的每个类似的功能块,将要分别建立的低层的功能块的属性设置为所需属性。因此,作为特有属性建立的信息之外的低层的所有信息可以在高层的多个功能块中共有,导致新附加准备类似的功能块所需的存储器容量减少。According to the present invention, when preparing a high-level functional block having the same structure as a combination of a low-level functional block and having similar attributes, the combination structure itself of the low-level functional block does not need to be increased beyond the necessity of a computer program entity (substantial part), It is possible to generate only the minimum required entities, and for each similar function block of the higher level, set the properties of the function blocks of the lower level to be built separately to the required properties. Therefore, all information of the lower layer other than information established as unique attributes can be shared among a plurality of functional blocks of the upper layer, resulting in a reduction in memory capacity required for newly additionally preparing similar functional blocks.
此外,对于在高层的多个类似的功能块中共有的低层的功能块的属性的维护,通过低层功能块的组合中的修改即可完成维护工作,导致软件维护工作的效率改善。In addition, as for the maintenance of the attributes of the low-level function blocks shared by a plurality of similar function blocks of the high-level, the maintenance work can be completed through the modification in the combination of the low-level function blocks, resulting in an improvement in the efficiency of the software maintenance work.
本发明一实施例如下构成,即信息提示部从低层的各个功能块中提取类,并且显示信息,以使操作者将该类指定为高层中的特有属性、或低层和高层中的共有信息;根据信息提示部所示的信息,操作者将低层的各个功能块的类指定为特有属性或共有信息,而当指定表示特有属性时,则特有信息登录处理部将该类登录为特有信息,并且共有信息存储部存储特有属性以外的信息,从而在高层的复合功能块中作为特有属性登录的以外的信息被共用。An embodiment of the present invention is constituted as follows, that is, the information prompting unit extracts a class from each function block of the lower layer, and displays information, so that the operator designates the class as a unique attribute in the upper layer, or common information between the lower layer and the higher layer; According to the information shown by the information presentation unit, the operator designates the class of each function block in the lower layer as unique attribute or common information, and when specifying the unique attribute, the unique information registration processing unit registers the class as unique information, and The shared information storage unit stores information other than the unique attributes, so that the information other than the information registered as the unique attributes is shared among the higher-level composite function blocks.
根据上述实施例,当准备与下层的功能块的组合具有相同结构、具有类似属性和要素的高层的功能块时,不用超出计算机程序的实体的必要来增加低层的功能块的组合结构本身,可以只产生最少所需的实体,并且对于高层的每个类似的功能块,可以将要分别建立的低层的功能块的属性建立为所需属性。结果,作为高层功能块的属性,不仅可以将低层中的某个特定功能块的属性值变更为特有值,还可以变更特定的低层功能块的类,从而可以提供利用范围宽的高层功能块。According to the above-described embodiment, when preparing a high-level functional block having the same structure as a combination of low-level functional blocks and having similar attributes and elements, it is possible to increase the combined structure of the low-level functional blocks beyond what is necessary for a computer program. Only the minimum required entities are generated, and for each similar function block of a high level, the properties of the function blocks of the lower level to be established separately can be established as required properties. As a result, as an attribute of a high-level functional block, not only the attribute value of a specific low-level functional block can be changed to a unique value, but also the class of a specific low-level functional block can be changed, thereby providing a high-level functional block with a wide range of use.
此外,作为特有属性建立的信息之外的低层的所有信息可以在高层的多个功能块中共有,导致新附加准备类似的功能块所需的存储器容量减少。Furthermore, all information of the lower layer other than information established as unique attributes can be shared among a plurality of functional blocks of the upper layer, resulting in a reduction in memory capacity required for newly additionally preparing similar functional blocks.
再者,对于在高层的多个类似的功能块中共有的低层的功能块的属性和类的维护,通过低层功能块的组合中的修改即可完成维护工作,导致软件维护工作的效率改善。Furthermore, for the maintenance of the attributes and classes of the low-level function blocks shared by multiple similar function blocks of the high-level, the maintenance work can be completed by modifying the combination of the low-level function blocks, resulting in an improvement in the efficiency of software maintenance work.
根据特定实施例,低层功能块包括通过组合其他功能块而构成的复合功能块。此外,低层功能块可以包括实现最小单位的基本功能的基本功能块。According to a particular embodiment, the low-level functional blocks comprise composite functional blocks formed by combining other functional blocks. In addition, the low-level functional blocks may include basic functional blocks that realize basic functions of minimum units.
根据另一个特定实施例,低层功能块的类包括与对输入进行的各种运算功能对应的类组。在此情况下,作为低层功能块中的某个特定功能块的属性的运算参数成为高层复合功能块的一个属性。此外,高层复合功能块可以包括将低层的某个特定功能块的类变更指定为与其他运算对应的类的属性。According to another particular embodiment, the classes of the low-level functional blocks comprise groups of classes corresponding to various arithmetic functions performed on the inputs. In this case, an operation parameter that is an attribute of a specific function block in a lower-level function block becomes an attribute of a higher-level composite function block. In addition, a high-level composite function block may include designating a class change of a particular function block at a lower level as an attribute of a class corresponding to other operations.
根据另一个特定实施例,低层功能块包括输出常数的功能类。在此情况下,作为低层的功能块的属性的常数值可以被包括在高层复合功能块的属性中。According to another particular embodiment, the low-level functional blocks comprise functional classes that output constants. In this case, a constant value that is an attribute of a function block of a lower layer may be included in an attribute of a composite function block of a higher layer.
根据另一个特定实施例,低层功能块的类包括定义多个输入和多个输出之间关系的类。定义关系的类包括分别将两个输入原封不动而输出的平行连接类、和将两个输入彼此置换而输出的交叉连接类。高层复合功能块可以具有将平行连接类的低层功能块变更指定为交叉连接类的功能块、或者将交叉连接类的低层功能块变更指定为平行连接类的功能块的属性。According to another particular embodiment, the class of the low-level functional block comprises a class defining a relationship between a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs. Classes that define a relationship include a parallel connection class that outputs two inputs as they are, and a cross connection class that outputs two inputs by replacing each other. The high-level composite functional block may have an attribute to designate the lower-level functional block of the parallel connection type as a cross-connection-type functional block, or change the lower-level functional block of the cross-connection type as a parallel connection-type functional block.
如上所述,根据本发明,低层功能块的“属性”或“类”被登录为高层中的特有属性、或高层和低层中的共有信息,从而可以在高层功能块中区别利用特有信息和共有信息。即,高层功能块只登录特有信息,而至于共有信息,则在必要时,高层引用低层中存储的(共有)信息。因此,可以改善复合功能对象部件的可用性,改善修改复合对象部件以及反映到其使用位置的维护的可操作性,减少了所需的存储器容量,减少了硬盘等辅助存储设备永久存储信息所需的容量。As described above, according to the present invention, the "attribute" or "class" of the low-level functional block is registered as a unique attribute in the high-level, or common information between the high-level and low-level, so that it is possible to distinguish between the unique information and the common information in the high-level functional block. information. That is, only unique information is registered in the upper layer functional blocks, and as for shared information, when necessary, the upper layer refers to (shared) information stored in the lower layer. Therefore, it is possible to improve the usability of composite functional object parts, improve the operability of modifying composite object parts and maintenance reflecting to its use position, reduce the required memory capacity, and reduce the time required for permanent storage of information by auxiliary storage devices such as hard disks. capacity.
附图的简要说明A brief description of the drawings
图1是本发明一实施例的结构方框图;Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
图2示出用作本发明的系统设计支持装置的个人计算机的外观;Fig. 2 shows the appearance of a personal computer used as a system design support device of the present invention;
图3示出本发明所用的基本功能块的例子;Figure 3 shows an example of the basic functional blocks used in the present invention;
图4示出复合功能块和低层部件的一例;Figure 4 shows an example of composite functional blocks and low-level components;
图5示出变更低层功能块的类的复合功能块、和其中包括的低层部件;Fig. 5 shows the compound functional block of changing the class of the low-level functional block, and the low-level components included therein;
图6示出复合功能块和其中包括的低层部件,在该复合功能块中两个输入和两个输出分另平行连接(“PARALLEL”);Figure 6 shows a composite functional block in which two inputs and two outputs are respectively connected in parallel ("PARALLEL") and the low-level components included therein;
图7示出复合功能块和其中包括的低层部件,在该复合功能块中两个输入和两个输出交叉(“CROSS”);Figure 7 shows a composite functional block in which two inputs and two outputs are crossed ("CROSS");
图8示出复合功能块和其中包括的低层部件,在该复合功能块中,图5的功能块被加上图6的功能块;FIG. 8 shows a composite functional block in which the functional block of FIG. 5 is added to the functional block of FIG. 6 and the low-level components included therein;
图9示出本发明的系统设计的画面的一例;Fig. 9 shows an example of the screen of the system design of the present invention;
图10示出用于通过多个功能块来定义复合功能块的”功能页”画面的一例;FIG. 10 shows an example of a "function page" screen for defining a compound function block by a plurality of function blocks;
图11示出用于定义复合功能块的输入和输出的“输入和输出”定义画面的一例;FIG. 11 shows an example of an "input and output" definition screen for defining input and output of a composite function block;
图12示出用于定义表示复合功能块的图标的“图标”定义画面的一例;FIG. 12 shows an example of an "icon" definition screen for defining an icon representing a compound function block;
图13示出将作为复合功能块的部件的功能块的属性作为“特有属性”来登录的登录画面的一例;FIG. 13 shows an example of a registration screen where the attribute of a function block that is a component of a compound function block is registered as a "proprietary attribute";
图14示出特有属性登录确认画面的一例,用于确认作为特有属性登录的是作为复合功能块的属性登录的;Fig. 14 shows an example of a unique attribute registration confirmation screen, which is used to confirm that what is registered as a unique attribute is registered as an attribute of a composite function block;
图15示出复合功能块利用画面的一例,用于通过将复合功能块布置在屏幕上而将它们用于设计中的系统;以及FIG. 15 shows an example of a compound function block utilization screen for using compound function blocks in a system under design by arranging them on the screen; and
图16示出特有参数预置画面的一例,用于预置使用复合功能块的每个位置的特有属性。FIG. 16 shows an example of a unique parameter preset screen, which is used to preset unique attributes for each position where the compound function block is used.
实施本发明的最好方式The best way to implement the present invention
图1是本发明的系统设计支持装置的一实施例的结构方框图。该装置具有多个实现系统设计所需的功能的功能块作为低层部件,并且通过将它们进行组合来创建高层的功能块。作为实现该操作的手段,例如,使用图2所示的个人计算机系统1。个人计算机系统1包括:主体2,容纳通常称为硬件的CPU和硬盘等存储器;CRT(或液晶)显示器5和打印机6,作为输出设备;键盘3和鼠标4,作为输入设备以及FDD(floppy disc driver,软盘驱动器)和CDD(CD-ROM driver,CD-ROM驱动器),作为输入输出设备。本发明的系统设计支持装置的结构被分为具有下述功能的各个部分:Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of the system design support device of the present invention. The device has a plurality of functional blocks that realize functions required for system design as low-level components, and high-level functional blocks are created by combining them. As means for realizing this operation, for example, a
(1)指定输入部11,用于操作者指定低层的各个功能块的“属性”、和区别其功能的“类”是特有属性还是共有信息。这包括图2的计算机系统中的键盘3和鼠标4。(1)
(2)信息提示部12,从低层的各个功能块中提取属性,并且显示信息,以使操作者指定该属性是高层中的“特有”属性还是低层和高层中的“共有”信息。这包括图2随时的主体2中的CPU和显示器5。(2) The
(3)特有信息登录处理部13,当操作者指定为“特有”属性时,将属性登录为特有属性。这由主体2中的CPU构成。(3) The unique information
(4)特有信息存储部14,存储特有信息(例如属性种类、每个属性的缺省值等)。这由主体2中的存储器构成。(4) The unique
(5)共有信息存储部15,存储特有属性以外的信息,作为共有信息。这由主体2中的存储器构成。(5) The shared
通过将上述(4)和(5)中存储的信息进行组合来构成可用的高层复合功能块16。A usable high-level
在该装置动作时,操作者可以操作指定输入部11,以指定低层的各个功能块的属性和类是特有属性或共有信息。响应该指定操作,该设备在高层复合功能块16中区别特有信息和共有信息,以便可以再次使用该信息来准备新的复合功能块21和22。即,新准备的复合功能块21和22对应于由类创建的对象。When the device is in operation, the operator can operate the
如图1所示,高层功能块21和22分别包含特有信息存储部31和共有信息参照部32。特有信息存储部31存储可用复合功能块16的特有信息存储部14的内容的拷贝。另一方面,共有信息参照部32是必要时引用共有信息存储部15的内容的部分(存储器中预置的指针)。As shown in FIG. 1 , the high-level
下面说明例子。Examples are described below.
图3示出四则运算等“基本功能块”(最小单位的功能块)的例子。在该图中,(A)是表示输入(或输入端)的“输入(INPUT)”功能块IN,(B)是表示输出(或输出端)的“输出(OUTPUT)”功能块OUT,(C)是输出常数的“常数(CONSTANT)”功能块CONST,(D)是将两个输入相加并输出结果的“加法(ADDITION)”功能块ADD,(E)是将两个输入相减并输出结果的“减法(SUBTRACTION)”功能块SUB,(F)是将两个输入相乘并输出结果的“乘法(MULTIPLICATION)”功能块MUL,而(G)是将两个输入相除并输出结果的“除法(DIVISION)”功能块DIV。这些“基本功能块”的类分别是输入、输出、常数输出、加法、减法、乘法和除法。FIG. 3 shows an example of a "basic function block" (a minimum unit function block) such as four arithmetic operations. In this figure, (A) is the "input (INPUT)" functional block IN representing the input (or input terminal), (B) is the "output (OUTPUT)" functional block OUT representing the output (or output terminal), ( C) is the "constant (CONSTANT)" function block CONST that outputs a constant, (D) is the "addition (ADDITION)" function block ADD that adds two inputs and outputs the result, (E) subtracts two inputs and output the result of the "subtraction (SUBTRACTION)" function block SUB, (F) is the "multiplication (MULTIPLICATION)" function block MUL that multiplies two inputs and outputs the result, and (G) is the division of two inputs and The "DIVISION" function block DIV that outputs the result. The classes of these "basic function blocks" are input, output, constant output, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
图4示出通过将上述“基本功能块”进行组合而构成的“复合功能块”的一例。在图4中,(A)示出将两个输入x、y分别乘以系数A1、A2并输出所得量之和的2输入和1输出类型的算术单元,作为高层复合功能块(复合对象部件)。(B)示出:表示两个输入x、y的输入功能块IN1、IN2;两个常数功能块CONST(常数值A1、A2);获得输入x、y分别与常数值A1、A2的积的两个乘法功能块MUL;以及输出总和的输出功能块OUT,作为创建(A)的复合功能块所用的低层功能块(低层对象部件)。FIG. 4 shows an example of a "composite functional block" configured by combining the aforementioned "basic functional blocks". In Fig. 4, (A) shows the arithmetic unit of 2 input and 1 output type that two inputs x, y are multiplied by coefficients A1, A2 respectively and output the sum of the obtained quantities, as a high-level composite function block (composite object part ). (B) shows: represent the input function block IN1, IN2 of two input x, y; Two constant function blocks CONST (constant value A1, A2); Obtain the product of input x, y and constant value A1, A2 respectively Two multiplying function blocks MUL; and an output function block OUT outputting a sum are used as lower-level function blocks (lower-level object parts) for creating the compound function block of (A).
在上例中,(B)的常数功能块CONST的常数值A1、A2(每个缺省值等于1)可以是(A)的高层功能块的“属性”,功能是输出输入x与属性A1之积、和输入y与属性A2之积相加的结果。In the above example, the constant values A1, A2 (each default value is equal to 1) of the constant function block CONST of (B) can be "attributes" of the high-level function block of (A), and the function is to output the input x with the attribute A1 The result of adding the product of , and the product of input y and attribute A2.
在图4的结构例中,复合功能块“A1x+A2y”如上定义。此外,当要求进行其他运算即A1x-A2y、A1x×A2y、A1x÷A2y的功能部件时,可以同样地定义每个运算的复合功能块。然而,每次定义复合功能块效率不高。In the structural example of FIG. 4, the compound functional block "A1x+A2y" is defined as above. In addition, when functional parts for performing other calculations, namely A1x-A2y, A1x×A2y, A1x÷A2y, are required, composite function blocks for each calculation can be defined similarly. However, it is not efficient to define compound function blocks each time.
因此,根据图5所示的复合功能块“A1x+A2y”来定义“A1x(运算)A2y”。这里,在高层的复合功能块的属性“运算”中可以指定从低层的加法器块ADD向减法、乘法、除法等其他类的变更。在此情况下,例如,属性值可以是表示加法(ADD)、减法(SUB)、乘法(MUL)、和除法(DIV)的任何类的信息,此外,属性值也可以是字符串(ADD、SUB、MUL、DIV等)或数值。结果,可以获得的效果是能够高效地创建进行运算的其他复合功能块,并且扩展了复合功能块的利用范围。此外,在已经使用了复合功能块“A1x+A2y”的位置,无需提供任何特别变更,因为该“运算”的属性的缺省值被确定为ADD。Therefore, "A1x (calculation) A2y" is defined based on the composite function block "A1x+A2y" shown in FIG. 5 . Here, the change from the low-level adder block ADD to other types such as subtraction, multiplication, and division can be specified in the attribute "operation" of the high-level composite function block. In this case, for example, the attribute value may be information representing any class of addition (ADD), subtraction (SUB), multiplication (MUL), and division (DIV), and furthermore, the attribute value may also be a character string (ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, etc.) or numeric values. As a result, there can be obtained the effect that other composite function blocks that perform operations can be efficiently created, and the utilization range of the composite function blocks is expanded. Also, where the composite function block "A1x+A2y" has been used, there is no need to provide any special change because the default value of the attribute of this "operation" is determined to be ADD.
图6和图7分别输出其他复合功能块的例子。图6(A)示出平行连接器(PARALLEL)作为高层功能块,将两个输入IN1、IN2原封不动地作为输出OUT1、OUT2,而在低层功能块中,如图6(B)所示,两个输入IN1、IN2被平行连接到两个输出OUT1、OUT2。图7(A)示出交叉连接器(CROSS)作为高层的复合功能块,它将两个输入IN1、IN2互换为输出OUT1、OUT2。如图7(B)所示,两个输入IN1、IN2被交叉,并且内部适接到两个输出OUT1、OUT2。Figure 6 and Figure 7 respectively output examples of other compound function blocks. Figure 6(A) shows the parallel connector (PARALLEL) as a high-level functional block, which takes the two inputs IN1 and IN2 as outputs OUT1 and OUT2 intact, while in the low-level functional block, as shown in Figure 6(B) , the two inputs IN1, IN2 are connected in parallel to the two outputs OUT1, OUT2. FIG. 7(A) shows a cross-connector (CROSS) as a high-level complex functional block, which interchanges two inputs IN1, IN2 into outputs OUT1, OUT2. As shown in Fig. 7(B), two inputs IN1, IN2 are crossed and internally adapted to two outputs OUT1, OUT2.
通过使用图6(A)和7(A)的复合功能块,可以将复合功能块“A1x(运算)A2y”的利用范围扩展得更宽。即,如图8(A)所示,在复合功能块(A)“(输入切换)A1x(运算)A2y”的低层(B)中,“PARALLEL”功能块被布置在两个输入IN1、IN2的紧后,并且可以在高层功能块的“输入切换”属性(属性值=PARALLEL或CROSS)中被另一类的“CROSS”功能块取代。结果,可以高效地创建进行上述运算的复合功能块,此外,可以扩展复合功能块“A1x(运算)A2y”的利用范围。By using the composite function blocks of Figs. 6(A) and 7(A), the utilization range of the composite function block "A1x (operation) A2y" can be extended more widely. That is, as shown in FIG. 8(A), in the lower layer (B) of the composite function block (A) "(input switching) A1x (operation) A2y", the "PARALLEL" function block is arranged at two inputs IN1, IN2 and can be replaced by another type of "CROSS" function block in the "input switching" attribute (attribute value = PARALLEL or CROSS) of the high-level function block. As a result, it is possible to efficiently create a composite function block that performs the above-mentioned operations, and furthermore, the utilization range of the composite function block "A1x (operation) A2y" can be expanded.
实际上,当“输入切换”功能块是图8(B)的“PARALLEL”时,如果操作=ADD,则OUT=A1x+A2y;如果操作=SUB,则OUT=A1x-A2y;如果操作=MUL,则OUT=A1x×A2y;如果操作=DIV,则OUT=A1x÷A2y。当“输入切换”功能块是“CROSS”时,如果操作=ADD,则OUT=A1y+A2x;如果操作=SUB,则OUT=A1y-A2x;如果操作=MUL,则OUT=Aly×A2x;如果操作=DIV,则OUT=A1y÷A2x。In fact, when the "input switching" function block is "PARALLEL" of Fig. 8 (B), if operation=ADD, then OUT=A1x+A2y; if operation=SUB, then OUT=A1x-A2y; if operation=MUL , then OUT=A1x×A2y; if operation=DIV, then OUT=A1x÷A2y. When "input switching" function block is "CROSS", if operation=ADD, then OUT=A1y+A2x; if operation=SUB, then OUT=A1y-A2x; if operation=MUL, then OUT=Aly×A2x; if Operation=DIV, then OUT=A1y÷A2x.
从而,只要用通常的标量来表达输入x、y,则即使“输入切换”功能块是“PARALLEL”和“CROSS”中的任何一个,加法(ADD)和乘法(MUL)的结果也是相同的。因此,图8(A)的复合功能块中的“输入切换”当操作是减法(SUB)或除法(DIV)时有效。然而,当两个输入x、y由其顺序(是第一项还是第二项)而变更加法或乘法结果时,例如向量、矩阵或由不可逆的数据表达的量,则加法(ADD)和乘法(MUL)的结果随“输入切换”功能块是“PARALLEL”或“CROSS”而变更。因此,即使进行四则运算中的任何一个,图8(A)的复合功能块中的输入切换也是有意义的。Thereby, as long as the input x, y are expressed by usual scalars, even if the "input switching" function block is any one of "PARALLEL" and "CROSS", the results of addition (ADD) and multiplication (MUL) are the same. Therefore, "input switching" in the composite function block of FIG. 8(A) is valid when the operation is subtraction (SUB) or division (DIV). However, when two inputs x, y change the result of addition or multiplication by their order (the first item or the second item), such as vectors, matrices, or quantities expressed by irreversible data, then addition (ADD) and multiplication The result of (MUL) changes with whether the "input switching" function block is "PARALLEL" or "CROSS". Therefore, even if any one of the four arithmetic operations is performed, the input switching in the composite function block of FIG. 8(A) is meaningful.
图9至16示出将图2的个人计算机1用作实现本发明的装置进行系统设计时显示器5上显示的画面的例子。9 to 16 show examples of screens displayed on the display 5 when system design is performed using the
首先,设计中的系统被显示在“系统设计画面”上,如图9所示。所示的系统包括流体回路,该流体回路由控制阀等流体元件和管道等供给线路、以及响应来自流体回路的两个输入信号来产生用于控制流体回路的动作的信号(两个输出)的控制器构成。流体回路在来自控制器的信号的控制下,对一个流体输入(in)产生多个输出(out1,out2,…)。First, the system under design is displayed on the "system design screen", as shown in Fig. 9 . The system shown includes a fluid circuit consisting of a fluid element such as a control valve and a supply line such as a pipe, and a signal (two outputs) that generates a signal (two outputs) for controlling the action of the fluid circuit in response to two input signals from the fluid circuit. Controller composition. The fluid circuit produces multiple outputs (out1, out2, . . . ) for one fluid input (in) under the control of a signal from the controller.
在这种系统的设计工作中,用本发明的设备按照下述顺序来利用功能块。In the design work of such a system, the functional blocks are utilized in the following order with the apparatus of the present invention.
如上所述,为了创建其功能是在两个输入中将A1乘以输入IN1、和A2乘以输入IN2相加并在OUT输出(图4(A)的情况)的复合功能块,在图10所示的“功能页”画面上使用图3所示的基本功能块(A)至(D)来定义复合功能块(A1x+A2y)。如图9所示,图3的基本功能块(A)至(G)可以作为存储可用功能块的“调色板(palette)”P与“系统设计画面”等一起被显示在画面上。调色板P中的功能块对应于此时可利用的功能块的一组类。即,在调色板中不仅可以显示基本功能块(类),还可以显示以后定义的复合功能块(类)。As mentioned above, in order to create a compound function block whose function is to multiply A1 by input IN1 and A2 by input IN2 among two inputs and add them and output at OUT (the case of Fig. 4(A)), in Fig. 10 The basic function blocks (A) to (D) shown in Fig. 3 are used to define the composite function block (A1x+A2y) on the "Function Page" screen shown. As shown in FIG. 9 , the basic function blocks (A) to (G) of FIG. 3 may be displayed on a screen as a "palette" P storing available function blocks together with a "system design screen" and the like. The function blocks in the palette P correspond to a set of classes of function blocks available at the time. That is, not only basic function blocks (classes) but also composite function blocks (classes) defined later can be displayed on the palette.
然后,在图11所示的“输入和输出”定义画面上,定义复合功能块的输入和输出。然而,在本例中,只确认2输入和1输出的存在。Then, on the "input and output" definition screen shown in FIG. 11, the input and output of the compound function block are defined. However, in this example, only the presence of 2 inputs and 1 output is confirmed.
在图12所示的“图标”定义画面中,定义表示复合功能块的图标。在本例中,由于自动形成“具有阴影的矩形”的图标作为具有2输入和1输出的功能块,所以操作者可以确认该图标。On the "icon" definition screen shown in FIG. 12, an icon representing a compound function block is defined. In this example, since the icon of "rectangle with shade" is automatically formed as a function block having 2 inputs and 1 output, the operator can confirm the icon.
通过以上定义复合功能块,其内容被全部存储到图1的共有信息存储部15。本例的表示复合功能块的“具有阴影的矩形”图标由”调色板”(图9的P)显示。其显示内容(作为共有信息的图标)可以在每次必要时通过创建的复合功能块21或22的共有信息参照部32来引用。The composite function block is defined above, and its contents are all stored in the shared
然后,在图13所示的“特有属性登录”画面中,对于作为复合功能块(A1x+A2y)的构成要素的每个常数功能块CONST,当使用该复合功能块时,将作为属性的参数(常数值)登录为“特有属性”。在本例的显示中,通过在“高层特有”的核对框(check box)中加上核对号(check mark)来登录特有属性。这些特有属性被存储到图1的特有信息存储部14。Then, in the "unique attribute registration" screen shown in Fig. 13, for each constant function block CONST which is a constituent element of the compound function block (A1x+A2y), when using the compound function block, the parameter (constant value) is registered as "unique attribute". In the display of this example, unique attributes are registered by adding a check mark to the check box of "Exclusive to high-level". These unique attributes are stored in the unique
接着,在图14所示的“特有属性登录确认”画面中,确认上述登录为特有属性的两个参数值已经被登录为复合功能块(A1x+A2y)的属性。在该画面上,在必要时,可以将参数名称变更为其他合适的名称。Next, on the "unique attribute registration confirmation" screen shown in FIG. 14, it is confirmed that the two parameter values registered as the unique attributes have been registered as attributes of the compound function block (A1x+A2y). On this screen, the parameter names can be changed to other appropriate names as necessary.
然后,如图15所示,可以打开上述设计中的系统显示画面,用鼠标4将复合功能块(A1x+A2y)从左例的“调色板”显示位置拖到系统显示画面的合适位置。在本例中,在两处使用复合功能块(A1x+A2y)询问构成控制器内部回路的回路元件。为此,如果用鼠标4在图15的画面上点击控制器的位置,则出现用于准备控制器内部回路的画面,以便可以在该画面的合适位置上建立两个复合功能块(即,设置到使用它们的位置)。Then, as shown in Figure 15, the system display screen in the above-mentioned design can be opened, and the composite function block (A1x+A2y) is dragged from the "palette" display position of the left example to the appropriate position of the system display screen with the mouse 4. In this example, a compound function block (A1x+A2y) is used in two places to interrogate the loop elements that make up the loop inside the controller. For this reason, if click the position of controller on the picture of Fig. 15 with mouse 4, then the picture that is used to prepare the internal loop of controller appears, so that two composite function blocks (that is, set to where they are used).
最后,如图16所示,在使用复合功能块的每处建立“特有属性”的参数值。这被存储到图1的特有信息存储部31。Finally, as shown in Fig. 16, establish the parameter value of "unique attribute" at each place where the composite function block is used. This is stored in the unique
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