CN110515214B - An integrated imaging 3D display device with high depth of field - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有高景深的集成成像3D显示装置，包括变焦集成成像装置和浮空显示装置。其中：所述变焦集成成像装置由显示屏(010)、电动变焦透镜(020)、微透镜阵列(040)构成，用于产生具有高景深的立体图像。显示屏上的图像元经高频变化的电动变焦透镜产生不同深度的图像元阵列，再经微透镜阵列的光线会聚还原作用产生立体图像；所述浮空显示装置由半透半反镜(050)和微角锥棱镜阵列(060)构成，用于立体图像在关于半透半反镜(050)镜像对称的位置产生浮空立体图像，与真实立体物体(090)相融合，达到增强现实的效果。本发明利用电动变焦透镜的变焦特性，可以获得具有高景深的立体图像。通过浮空显示装置实现了虚拟图像与现实环境的融合。
The present invention discloses an integrated imaging 3D display device with a high depth of field, comprising a zoom integrated imaging device and a floating display device. The zoom integrated imaging device is composed of a display screen (010), an electric zoom lens (020), and a microlens array (040), and is used to generate a stereoscopic image with a high depth of field. The image elements on the display screen are subjected to a high-frequency-changing electric zoom lens to generate an array of image elements with different depths, and then a stereoscopic image is generated through the light convergence and restoration effect of the microlens array; the floating display device is composed of a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (050) and a micro-corner pyramid prism array (060), and is used to generate a floating stereoscopic image at a position mirror-symmetrical about the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (050), and merge with a real stereoscopic object (090) to achieve an augmented reality effect. The present invention utilizes the zoom characteristics of the electric zoom lens to obtain a stereoscopic image with a high depth of field. The floating display device realizes the fusion of virtual images and real environments.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及集成成像立体显示的技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有高景深的集成成像3D显示装置。The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated imaging stereoscopic display, and in particular to an integrated imaging 3D display device with a high depth of field.
背景技术Background technique
3D显示技术以其立体逼真的效果目前已广泛应用于电影、体感游戏等娱乐行业，在广告展示、艺术展览、医疗检测等领域也在发挥更多的价值。集成成像立体显示属于裸眼3D显示范畴，具有水平视差和垂直视差、无视觉疲劳等优点，具有较强的推广价值，但其也存在视场角受限、深度有限的缺点。因此，构建一种宽视角、高景深的集成成像3D显示装置具有重要意义。3D display technology has been widely used in entertainment industries such as movies and somatosensory games for its three-dimensional and realistic effects, and is also playing a greater role in advertising display, art exhibitions, medical testing and other fields. Integrated imaging stereoscopic display belongs to the category of naked-eye 3D display, and has advantages such as horizontal parallax and vertical parallax, no visual fatigue, and has strong promotion value, but it also has the disadvantages of limited field of view and limited depth. Therefore, it is of great significance to construct an integrated imaging 3D display device with a wide viewing angle and high depth of field.
增强现实技术作为一种新兴的将真实世界信息和虚拟世界信息相结合的技术，给人带来更强大的感官体验。将虚拟的立体图像与现实环境相结合，是3D显示技术的延伸与拓展。因此，构建一种具有增强现实效果的集成成像3D显示装置具有重要价值。As an emerging technology that combines real-world information with virtual world information, augmented reality technology brings people a more powerful sensory experience. Combining virtual stereo images with real environments is an extension and expansion of 3D display technology. Therefore, it is of great value to build an integrated imaging 3D display device with augmented reality effects.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种具有高景深的集成成像3D显示装置。The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an integrated imaging 3D display device with a high depth of field.
本发明采用的技术方案为：一种具有高景深的集成成像3D显示装置，包括变焦集成成像装置和浮空显示装置，其中：The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an integrated imaging 3D display device with a high depth of field, including a zoom integrated imaging device and a floating display device, wherein:
所述变焦集成成像装置由显示屏、电动变焦透镜、微透镜阵列构成，用于产生具有高景深的立体图像，显示屏上的图像元经高频变化的电动变焦透镜产生不同深度的图像元阵列，再经微透镜阵列的光线会聚还原作用产生立体图像；The zoom integrated imaging device is composed of a display screen, an electric zoom lens, and a microlens array, and is used to generate a stereoscopic image with a high depth of field. The image elements on the display screen are passed through the electric zoom lens with high frequency changes to generate an array of image elements with different depths, and then the stereoscopic image is generated through the light converging and restoring effect of the microlens array;
所述浮空显示装置由半透半反镜和微角锥棱镜阵列构成，用于在关于半透半反镜镜像对称的位置产生立体图像，使立体图像浮于空中，达到增强现实的效果。The floating display device is composed of a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror and a micro-corner pyramid array, and is used to generate a three-dimensional image at a position that is mirror-symmetrical about the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, so that the three-dimensional image floats in the air, achieving an augmented reality effect.
其中，所述变焦集成成像装置，由高斯成像公式：可得：所述微透镜阵列焦距为f，所述图像元阵列与微透镜阵列之间的间距为g，所述成像面到微透镜阵列之间的距离为l。所述电动变焦透镜的作用为改变图像元阵列与微透镜阵列之间的间距g，使得在较大景深范围内均可得到清晰的立体图像，从而扩大成像面到微透镜阵列间的深度范围。Wherein, the zoom integrated imaging device is based on the Gaussian imaging formula: Available: The focal length of the microlens array is f, the spacing between the image element array and the microlens array is g, and the distance between the imaging surface and the microlens array is l. The function of the electric zoom lens is to change the spacing g between the image element array and the microlens array, so that a clear stereoscopic image can be obtained within a larger depth of field, thereby expanding the depth range from the imaging surface to the microlens array.
其中，浮空显示装置中微角锥棱镜阵列的作用是使光线沿入射方向反射回去。The function of the micro-corner pyramid array in the floating display device is to reflect the light back along the incident direction.
其中，所述浮空显示装置使立体图像发出的光线通过半透半反镜的透射作用，到达微角锥棱镜阵列表面，沿原入射方向返回的光线通过半透半反镜的反射作用，在关于半透半反镜镜像对称的位置形成具有高景深的浮空的立体图像。Among them, the floating display device allows the light emitted by the stereoscopic image to reach the surface of the micro-corner pyramid prism array through the transmission effect of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, and the light returning along the original incident direction is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror to form a floating stereoscopic image with a high depth of field at a position that is mirror-symmetrical about the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror.
从上述技术方案可以看出，本发明的一种具有高景深的集成成像3D显示装置具有以下有益效果：It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the integrated imaging 3D display device with high depth of field of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)通过电动变焦透镜的变焦作用改变显示屏与微透镜阵列之间的间距g，从而扩大立体图像的成像深度。(1) The distance g between the display screen and the microlens array is changed by the zooming effect of the electric zoom lens, thereby expanding the imaging depth of the stereoscopic image.
(2)通过微角锥棱镜阵列的回射作用和半透半反镜的透射、反射作用，可以得到浮空的立体图像，与现实环境相融合，达到增强现实的效果。(2) Through the retroreflection of the micro-corner pyramid array and the transmission and reflection of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors, a floating three-dimensional image can be obtained, which is integrated with the real environment to achieve an augmented reality effect.
(3)成像方式为实像模式，不存在对图像元的切割。(3) The imaging mode is real image mode, and there is no cutting of image elements.
(4)本发明的集成成像3D显示装置结构简单，便于操作，适合多人同时在不同角度观看，不会产生视觉疲劳。(4) The integrated imaging 3D display device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It is suitable for multiple people to watch at different angles at the same time without causing visual fatigue.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显然，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.
图1是根据本发明具体实施例的一种具有高景深的集成成像3D显示装置的示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated imaging 3D display device with a high depth of field according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
图2是根据本发明具体实施例变焦集成成像装置产生高景深立体图像的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a zoom integrated imaging device generating a high depth of field stereoscopic image according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
图3为根据本发明具体实施例提供的微角锥棱镜元的回射性能示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the retroreflective performance of a micro-corner pyramid prism element provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
图中附图标记含义为：The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are:
010-显示屏；020-电动变焦透镜；021-电动变焦透镜固定框；030-图像元阵列一；031-图像元阵列二；040-微透镜阵列；050-半透半反镜；060-微角锥棱镜阵列；070-立体图像一；071-立体图像二；080-浮空立体图像一；081-浮空立体图像二；090-真实立体物体。010-display screen; 020-electric zoom lens; 021-electric zoom lens fixing frame; 030-image element array 1; 031-image element array 2; 040-microlens array; 050-semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror; 060-micro-corner prism array; 070-stereoscopic image 1; 071-stereoscopic image 2; 080-floating stereoscopic image 1; 081-floating stereoscopic image 2; 090-real three-dimensional object.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例Example
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种具有高景深的集成成像3D显示装置。该集成成像3D显示装置主要包括：变焦集成成像装置，用于产生具有高景深的立体图像；浮空显示装置，用于形成浮空的立体图像，与现实环境相结合，产生增强现实效果。As shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated imaging 3D display device with a high depth of field. The integrated imaging 3D display device mainly includes: a zoom integrated imaging device for generating a stereoscopic image with a high depth of field; and a floating display device for forming a floating stereoscopic image, which is combined with the real environment to generate an augmented reality effect.
优选地，如图1和图2所示，所述变焦集成成像装置由显示屏010、电动变焦透镜020、微透镜阵列040构成，用于产生具有高景深的立体图像。显示屏上的图像元经高频变化的电动变焦透镜产生不同深度的图像元阵列，每一个图像元由不同角度拍摄立体图像得到，本发明实施例取图像元阵列一030与图像元阵列二031为例，与微透镜阵列之间的间距分别为g1和g2，微透镜阵列焦距为f，由高斯成像公式：得到与微透镜阵列之间的距离为l1和l2的立体图像一070与立体图像二071。所述电动变焦透镜的作用为改变图像元阵列与微透镜阵列之间的间距g，使得在较大景深范围内均可得到清晰的立体图像，从而扩大成像面到微透镜阵列间的深度范围。Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the zoom integrated imaging device is composed of a display screen 010, an electric zoom lens 020, and a microlens array 040, and is used to generate a stereoscopic image with a high depth of field. The image elements on the display screen are subjected to a high-frequency electric zoom lens to generate image element arrays of different depths, and each image element is obtained by shooting a stereoscopic image at a different angle. In the embodiment of the present invention, the image element array 1 030 and the image element array 2 031 are taken as examples, and the spacing between them and the microlens array is g 1 and g 2 respectively, and the focal length of the microlens array is f. According to the Gaussian imaging formula: A stereoscopic image 1 070 and a stereoscopic image 2 071 are obtained, whose distances from the microlens array are l 1 and l 2 respectively. The function of the electric zoom lens is to change the distance g between the image element array and the microlens array, so that a clear stereoscopic image can be obtained within a larger depth of field, thereby expanding the depth range from the imaging surface to the microlens array.
优选地，如图3所示，微角锥棱镜元由三个相互垂直的平面镜组成，入射光正入射至一个平面上，经过三次全反射后会沿着入射方向反射回去。多个微角锥棱镜元组成微角锥棱镜阵列060，起到回射作用。Preferably, as shown in Fig. 3, the micro-corner pyramid element is composed of three mutually perpendicular plane mirrors, and the incident light is incident on a plane, and after three total reflections, it will be reflected back along the incident direction. Multiple micro-corner pyramid elements form a micro-corner pyramid array 060, which plays a retroreflective role.
优选地，所述浮空显示装置由半透半反镜050和微角锥棱镜阵列060构成，用于立体图像一070与立体图像二071在关于半透半反镜050镜像对称的位置产生浮空立体图像一080与浮空立体图像二081，使立体图像浮于空中，与真实立体物体090相融合，达到增强现实的效果。Preferably, the floating display device is composed of a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 050 and a micro-corner pyramid prism array 060, and is used to generate a floating stereoscopic image 1 080 and a floating stereoscopic image 2 081 at a mirror-symmetrical position of the stereoscopic image 1 070 and the stereoscopic image 2 071 about the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 050, so that the stereoscopic image floats in the air and merges with the real three-dimensional object 090 to achieve an augmented reality effect.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应该涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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