CN110286493B - Stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings - Google Patents
Stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings Download PDFInfo
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- CN110286493B CN110286493B CN201910513457.5A CN201910513457A CN110286493B CN 110286493 B CN110286493 B CN 110286493B CN 201910513457 A CN201910513457 A CN 201910513457A CN 110286493 B CN110286493 B CN 110286493B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings. The stereoscopic projection device based on the cylindrical lens consists of a first cylindrical lens grating, a first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer, a second cylindrical lens grating and a plurality of projectors. The projector can project the parallax image corresponding to the parallax image and image the parallax image near the second lens grating. The second lenticular lens grating, the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer, the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the first lenticular lens grating can project parallax images to a specified direction in space so as to be converged into a viewpoint. When eyes are positioned at different viewpoint positions, parallax images corresponding to the eyes can be seen respectively, so that stereoscopic vision is realized. The stereoscopic projection device is convenient for being used in the outdoor and showcase and other display environments because the projector and the viewer are distributed on different sides of the first cylindrical lens grating and the second cylindrical lens grating.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to display technology, and more particularly, to 3D stereoscopic display technology.
Background
The 3D display technology is a display technology that can realize real reproduction of stereoscopic scenes, which can respectively provide different parallax images for human eyes, thereby enabling a person to generate stereoscopic vision. Generally, stereoscopic display is composed of a raster and a stereoscopic parallax composite image. By precise coupling, the stereo parallax composite image pixels can be raster projected in a specified direction, thereby forming a viewpoint. That is, when the eyes are respectively at different viewpoints, the left and right eyes can respectively see different parallax images, thereby generating stereoscopic vision. In realizing large-size stereoscopic display, a stereoscopic projection apparatus using a projector as a providing medium for stereoscopic parallax composite images may be used. Conventional stereoscopic projection devices often employ a front projector approach, i.e., the viewer and projector are on the same side of the screen for projection. The stereoscopic projection device based on the double gratings is convenient for the viewers and the projectors to be distributed on different sides of the screen for displaying, and is convenient for being used in the outdoor and showcase and other display environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings. The stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings consists of a first cylindrical lens grating, a first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer, a second cylindrical lens grating and a plurality of projectors. The first cylindrical lens grating, the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer, the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second cylindrical lens grating are sequentially arranged front and back, and the projector is arranged on one side close to the second cylindrical lens grating. The projector may project a parallax image corresponding thereto to the vicinity of the second lenticular lens. The second cylindrical lens grating can focus the imaging light beam projected by the projector and then project the imaging light beam at the positions of the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer. The first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer can be switched between scattering and transparent states. Only a single one of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers is in a scattering state at the same time. When the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a scattering state and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a transparent state, the parallax composite image projected by the second lens grating is imaged on the position of the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer. On the contrary, when the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a transparent state and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a scattering state, the parallax composite image projected by the second lens grating is imaged on the position of the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer. The first and second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers scatter the light beam projected by the second lenticular grating when in a scattering state. The first lenticular lens grating may re-project the light beam to a designated direction in space so as to converge into a viewpoint.
In the stereoscopic projection device based on the double gratings, the plurality of projectors are respectively positioned at different horizontal space positions, so that when the light rays penetrate through the second cylindrical lens grating, the horizontal space positions of imaging light beams on the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer are different. Accordingly, the first lenticular lens can project and converge parallax images from different projectors to different viewpoint positions. When eyes are positioned at different viewpoint positions, parallax images corresponding to the eyes can be seen respectively, so that stereoscopic vision is realized.
In the stereoscopic projection device based on the double gratings, the distance from the viewpoint to the first cylindrical lens grating, namely the optimal viewing distance, is set asl 1 First cylindrical lens lightThe distance from the grating to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer in a scattering state isl 2 The distance from the polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer in the scattering state to the second lens grating isl 3 The distance from the second lens grating to the projector isl 4 The first cylindrical lens grating pitch isp 1 The first cylindrical lens grating pitch isp 2 . Preferably, the above parameters should satisfy:。
because the positions of the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer are different, when the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer are respectively in scattering states,l 2 andl 3 The value will change. According toThe stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings can form viewpoints at different optimal viewing distances.
Alternatively, the first and second lenticular gratings may be replaced by slit gratings.
Alternatively, more polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers may be provided between the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer.
In the invention, the stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings does not involve the coupling of parallax image pixels and grating structures, and the projection position of the viewpoint is only determined by the position of the projector, so the position of the projector can be directly fixed during preparation, and the parallax image is only required to be conveyed to the projector during use; the stereoscopic projection device based on the double gratings uses the projector for projection display, so that large-size display is convenient to realize; in the stereoscopic projection device based on the double gratings, the projector and the viewer are distributed on different sides of the first cylindrical lens grating, the first and second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers and the second cylindrical lens grating, so that the stereoscopic projection device is convenient for being used in display environments such as outdoors, shop windows and the like; the stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings can form view points on different optimal viewing distances when the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer are respectively in scattering states, and the optimal viewing distance can be adjusted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an illustration of the optical principle of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the optical path principle of one viewpoint of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a principle of implementing stereoscopic display and implementing distance vision according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a principle of implementing stereoscopic display to implement near vision distance according to the present invention.
Icon: 010-a double grating based stereoscopic projection device; 100-a first cylindrical lens grating; 210-a first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer; 220-a second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer; 300-second cylindrical lens grating; 400-projector; 020-scattering principle of polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer; 030-the path of light from a projector; 040-distance display principle model; 050—near vision distance display principle model.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-grating-based stereoscopic projection device 010 according to the present embodiment, in which x-coordinate represents a horizontal direction in space, y-coordinate represents a vertical direction in space, and z-direction represents an axial direction perpendicular to an x-y plane. Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a dual-grating-based stereoscopic projection device 010, which includes a first lenticular lens grating 100, a first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210, a second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220, a second lenticular lens grating 300, and 4 projectors 400.
The present embodiment provides a further explanation of the stereoscopic projection device 010 based on the double grating.
The first lenticular lens grating 100, the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210, the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220, and the second lenticular lens grating 300 are disposed in this order, and the projector 400 is disposed at a side close to the second lenticular lens grating 300. The projector 400 may project a parallax image corresponding thereto to the vicinity of the second lenticular lens 300. The second lenticular lens 300 focuses the image beam projected by the projector 400 and then projects the focused image beam onto the first and second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers 210 and 220.
The first and second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers 210, 220 are switchable between a scattering and transparent state. Referring to fig. 2, the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 is the same as the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220, electrodes are disposed on the upper and lower polymer materials, and uniformly distributed liquid crystal particles are disposed between the electrodes, so that the two states of scattering and transparency can be switched. When no voltage is applied to the electrodes of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210, a regular electric field cannot be formed between the electrodes, the optical axes of the liquid crystal particles are randomly oriented, a disordered state is presented, the effective refractive index of the disordered state is not matched with the refractive index of the polymer, and incident light is strongly scattered. When a voltage is applied across the electrodes, the refractive index of the liquid crystal particles substantially matches the refractive index of the polymer, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 is transparent and does not scatter incident light.
Only a single one of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers is in a scattering state at the same time. When the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 is in a scattering state and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 is in a transparent state, the parallax composite image projected by the second lenticular lens 300 will be imaged at the position of the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210. Conversely, when the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 is in a transparent state and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 is in a scattering state, the parallax composite image projected by the second lenticular lens 300 will be imaged on the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220.
The first or second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer may scatter the light beam projected from the second lenticular grating 300. The first lenticular lens 100 may re-project the light beam to a designated direction in space so as to be converged into a viewpoint. Referring to fig. 3, an x-coordinate represents a horizontal direction in space, a y-coordinate represents a vertical direction in space, and a z-direction represents an axial direction perpendicular to an x-y plane. Taking viewpoint 2 as an example, the projector 400 may project a parallax image near the second lenticular lens 300. After the light from the projector 400 is focused by the different cylindrical lenses on the second cylindrical lens grating 300, the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 is in a scattering state, the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 is in a transparent state, and can form scattering on the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220, the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 scatters the light beam forward, and the light beam can be projected through the corresponding cylindrical lenses on the first cylindrical lens grating 100, and finally the light beams projected by the cylindrical lenses are converged to form the view point 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stereoscopic display according to this embodiment, in which x-coordinate represents a horizontal direction in space, y-coordinate represents a vertical direction in space, and z-direction represents an axial direction perpendicular to an x-y plane. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the stereoscopic projection apparatus based on dual gratings, 4 projectors 400 are respectively positioned at different horizontal spatial positions, so that when light passes through the second lenticular lens 300, the horizontal spatial positions of the imaging beams on the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 are different. Accordingly, the first lenticular lens 100 can project and converge parallax images from 4 different projectors 400 to different 4 viewpoint positions, forming a 4-viewpoint stereoscopic image display. When eyes are positioned at different viewpoint positions, parallax images corresponding to the eyes can be seen respectively, so that stereoscopic vision is realized.
In the double-grating-based stereoscopic projection device, the distance from the viewpoint to the first lenticular lens grating 100, that is, the optimal viewing distance isl 1 The first lenticular lens 100 is 15 mm from the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210, the first lenticular lens 100 is 20 mm from the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210, the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 is 20 mm from the second lenticular lens 300, the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 is 15 mm from the second lenticular lens 300, the second lenticular lens 300 is 1000 mm from the projector 400, the first lenticular lens pitchp 1 5. 5 mm, first cylindrical lens grating pitchp 2 5 mm.
When the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 is in a scattering state, the device is in a far vision mode, please refer to fig. 4, according to the formulaThe optimum viewing distance of the dual grating based stereoscopic projection device is 1333mm.
When the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 is in a scattering state, the device is in a near vision mode, please refer to fig. 5, according to the formulaThe optimum viewing distance of the dual grating based stereoscopic projection device is 750mm.
In this embodiment, since the stereoscopic projection device 010 based on dual gratings does not involve the coupling of parallax image pixels and a grating structure, the projection position of the viewpoint is determined only by the position of the projector 400, so the position of the projector 400 can be directly fixed during preparation, and only the parallax image needs to be transmitted to the projector 400 during use; because the stereoscopic projection device 010 based on double gratings uses the projector 400 for projection display, large-size display is convenient to realize; in the stereoscopic projection device 010 based on double gratings, the projector 400 and the viewer are distributed on different sides of the first lenticular lens grating 100, the first and second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers and the second lenticular lens grating 300, so that the stereoscopic projection device is convenient for being used in the outdoor and showcase environments; since the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 210 and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer 220 are in scattering states respectively, the dual-grating-based stereoscopic projection device 010 of the present invention can form viewpoints at different optimal viewing distances, and the present invention can adjust the optimal viewing distances.
Claims (6)
1. A stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings, characterized in that: the stereoscopic projection device based on double gratings consists of a first cylindrical lens grating, a first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer, a second cylindrical lens grating and a plurality of projectors, wherein the first cylindrical lens grating, the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer, the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second cylindrical lens grating are sequentially arranged front and back, and the projectors are arranged on one side close to the second cylindrical lens grating; the projector can project parallax images near the second lenticular lens grating, and the second lenticular lens grating can focus imaging light beams projected by the projector and then project the imaging light beams at the position of the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer or the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer; the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer can be switched between scattering and transparent states, and at the same time, only one polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a scattering state; when the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer are in a scattering state, the light beams projected by the second cylindrical lens grating can be scattered, and the first cylindrical lens grating can project the light beams to a designated direction in a space again, so that the light beams are converged into a view point.
2. A dual grating based stereoscopic projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: when the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a scattering state and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a transparent state, the parallax synthesized image projected by the second lens grating is imaged at the position of the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer, whereas when the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a transparent state and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer is in a scattering state, the parallax synthesized image projected by the second lens grating is imaged at the position of the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer.
3. A dual grating based stereoscopic projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: in the stereoscopic projection device based on the double gratings, the distance from the viewpoint to the first cylindrical lens grating, namely the optimal viewing distance, is set asl 1 The distance from the first cylindrical lens grating to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer in a scattering state isl 2 Polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer in scattering stateDistance to the second cylindrical lens grating isl 3 The distance from the second lens grating to the projector isl 4 The first cylindrical lens grating pitch isp 1 The pitch of the second cylindrical lens grating isp 2 The above parameters should be satisfied:。
4. a dual grating based stereoscopic projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the first lenticular grating may be replaced by a slit grating.
5. A dual grating based stereoscopic projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the second lenticular grating may be replaced by a slit grating.
6. A dual grating based stereoscopic projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: more polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layers may be provided between the first polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer and the second polymer dispersed liquid crystal scattering layer.
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