CN110501258A - Comprehensive solid and liquid density measuring instrument and density measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument and a density measuring method. The density comprehensive measuring instrument includes a detection structure and a measuring cup arranged on a base, and a vertically movable movable structure is installed on the said base. The structure is driven by a stepping motor to form a vertical reciprocating motion, and a sliding arm is installed on the movable structure, and the sliding arm is used to hang solid detection objects and probes. Density measurement methods include instrument adjustment and density detection of solids and liquids. The present invention can quickly detect the density of the liquid, and the observation is simple. At the same time, it can also detect the transmittance and electrical conductivity of the liquid to be detected; and the detection of the density of the solid is also very simple, and any liquid can be used to control the solid to gradually submerge into the liquid. Medium to fast density detection, the same structure can be used for flexible detection of solid and liquid density, easy to use and flexible.

Description

Comprehensive solid and liquid density measuring instrument and density measuring method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of density detection, in particular to a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument and a density measuring method.

Background technique

Using an electronic scale and a container and using the density formula ρ=m/v, the density of an object can be calculated. The density detection of objects with a density greater than 1 is very simple, and can be detected by filling the container with water.

The principle of density detection in the prior art is the same, but the manual operation is relatively complicated, and it is not convenient to quickly detect the density of liquids and solids.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument, including a detection structure and a measuring cup arranged on a base, and a vertically movable movable structure is installed on the base, and the movable structure is driven by a stepping motor to form a vertical reciprocating motion, A sliding arm is installed on the movable structure, and the sliding arm is used for suspending solid detection objects and probes.

Further, the base includes a bottom plate and a bracket fixed on the upper side of the bottom plate, the two sides of the lower end of the bottom plate are movably connected with an adjusting bottom pad through screw fit, and a level is also embedded on the bottom plate; one side of the bracket is connected to A movable structure and a stepping motor for driving the movable structure are provided.

Further, the upper end of the base plate is fixedly connected with a detection structure, the detection structure includes an electronic scale fixed on the base plate and light detection structures located on both sides of the electronic scale, and the detection structure also includes a light detection structure located on the sliding arm The probe, the electronic scale, the light detection structure and the probe are all electrically connected to the control structure, and a measuring cup is placed horizontally on the upper end of the electronic scale, and the measuring cup has a scale line on it.

Further, the control structure includes a single-chip microcomputer and a liquid crystal display, the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the stepper motor through the drive module, the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the probe through the constant voltage bridge, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected with the electronic scale respectively And the light detection structure is electrically connected, the electronic scale includes a pressure sensor and an A/D module, and the light detection structure includes a laser transmitter and a photosensitive receiving circuit.

Further, the movable structure includes a chute fixed on the side of the bracket and a slider that is slidably connected to the chute, the end of the chute is fixedly connected with a limiting backing plate, and the limiting backing plate rotates The connection is provided with a drive rod, the drive rod is a threaded rod, the drive rod moves through the slider through threaded cooperation, and the end far away from the limit backing plate is connected to the output end of the stepping motor for transmission; one side of the slider The horizontal connection is fixed with sliding arms.

A method for measuring density, based on the above-mentioned solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument, comprising the following steps:

1) Check whether the bottom plate is level by using a spirit level, and realize the level by adjusting the activity of the bottom pad;

2) Place the measuring cup on the electronic scale, and put the liquid to be tested into it, record the liquid scale of the measuring cup, which is the liquid volume; record the weight difference before and after the liquid is put in, which is the liquid weight;

3) Start the light detection structure, and realize the detection of the liquid transmittance through the laser transmitter and the photosensitive receiving circuit;

4) Start the stepper motor to rotate and drive the slider to slide vertically on the chute, thereby driving the sliding arm to move down. When the probe descends and contacts the liquid in the measuring cup, the conductivity of the liquid is detected by the probe;

5) According to the weight and volume data of the liquid, calculate the density of the liquid.

Further, hang the solid to be tested under the sliding arm, and the solid gradually enters the liquid. After being completely submerged in the liquid, the volume of the solid can be known according to the scale of the measuring cup. Continue to move down the sliding arm and place the solid completely loosely on the At the bottom of the measuring cup, according to the weight data fed back by the electronic scale, the density of the solid is calculated according to the density formula.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the density of the liquid can be quickly detected, and the weight can be detected according to the intuitive volume scale of the measuring cup with the electronic scale, the observation is simple, and the transmittance and conductivity of the liquid to be detected can also be detected at the same time rate; and for solid density detection, it is also very simple, control and drive the stepper motor to rotate to drive the slider to slide vertically on the chute, hang and fix the solid to be detected on the sliding arm, first detect the weight and volume of the liquid in the measuring cup Gradually move the sliding arm down, so that the solid gradually enters the liquid. After completely submerged in the liquid, you can know the volume of the solid according to the scale of the measuring cup. Continue to move down the sliding arm and place the solid at the bottom of the measuring cup completely loosely. According to the weight data fed back by the electronic scale, the density of the solid can be calculated according to the density formula, and the detection is convenient and fast; the automatic calculation of the data can be realized through the control structure, so that the density data can be intuitively and quickly directly fed back according to the needs, and the detection efficiency is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument used for detecting solid density.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of circuit control when a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument is used to detect liquid density.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of circuit control when a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument is used to detect solid density.

In the figure: 1-base plate, 2-bracket, 3-chute, 4-slider, 5-limit pad, 6-drive rod, 7-stepping motor, 8-sliding arm, 9-level, 10- Electronic scale, 11-measuring cup, 12-light detection structure, 13-probe.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to Figures 1 and 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument includes a detection structure and a measuring cup 11 arranged on a base, and a vertically movable movable structure is also installed on the base, so The movable structure is driven by a stepping motor 7 to form a vertical reciprocating motion, and a sliding arm 8 is installed on the movable structure, and the sliding arm 8 is used for hanging a solid detection object and a probe 13 .

The base includes a base plate 1 and a bracket 2 fixed on one side of the upper end of the base plate 1. Both sides of the lower end of the base plate 1 are movably connected with an adjustable base pad through screw fit. The base plate 1 is also inlaid with a spirit level 9. It is convenient to detect whether the bottom plate 1 is level, and realize the level by adjusting the activity of the bottom pad; one side of the support 2 is connected with a movable structure and a stepping motor 7 for driving the movable structure.

The upper end of the base plate 1 is fixedly connected with a detection structure, the detection structure includes an electronic scale 10 fixedly arranged on the base plate 1 and light detection structures 12 located on both sides of the electronic scale 10, and the detection structure also includes The probe 13 on 8, the electronic scale 10, the light detection structure 12 and the probe 13 are all electrically connected with the control structure, and the upper end of the electronic scale 10 is horizontally placed with a measuring cup 11, and the measuring cup 11 has a scale mark.

The control structure includes a single-chip microcomputer and a liquid crystal display, the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the stepper motor 7 through a drive module, the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the probe 13 through a constant voltage bridge, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected with the electronic scale 10 respectively And the photodetection structure 12 is electrically connected, the electronic scale 10 includes a pressure sensor and an A/D module, and the photodetection structure 12 includes a laser transmitter and a photosensitive receiving circuit. Through the above-mentioned structural design, it can be placed in the measuring cup 11 The liquid to be detected is sensed and weighed by the electronic scale 10, and then the light transmittance of the liquid can be detected by the light detection structure 12. The scale line on the measuring cup 11 can intuitively reflect the volume of the liquid, so that it can be calculated by the density formula The density of the liquid.

A method for measuring density, based on the above-mentioned solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument, comprising the following steps:

1) By detecting whether the base plate 1 is horizontal through the spirit level 9, and realizing the level by adjusting the activity adjustment of the base pad;

2) Place the measuring cup 11 on the electronic scale 10, and put the liquid to be tested into the 11, record the liquid scale of the measuring cup 11, which is the liquid volume; record the weight difference before and after the liquid is put in, which is the liquid weight;

3) Start the light detection structure 12, and realize the detection of the light transmittance of the liquid through the laser transmitter and the photosensitive receiving circuit;

4) According to the weight and volume data of the liquid, calculate the density of the liquid.

Example 2

Please refer to Fig. 2 and 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument, on the basis of embodiment 1, described movable structure comprises the chute 3 that is fixed on the side of support 2 and slidingly connects and cooperates The slider 4 on the chute 3, the end of the chute 3 is fixedly connected with a limit backing plate 5, and a drive rod 6 is rotatably connected to the limit back plate 5, and the drive rod 6 is a threaded rod The drive rod 6 runs through the slider 4 through threaded engagement, and the end far away from the limit backing plate 5 is connected to the output end of the stepper motor 7 for transmission; one side of the slider 4 is horizontally connected and fixed with a sliding arm 8 . In this way, the stepper motor 7 can be driven to rotate to drive the slide block 4 to slide vertically on the chute 3, and the probe 13 installed on the slide arm 8 is relatively arranged with the measuring cup 11. When the probe 13 is brought by the slide arm 8 and gradually descends and When the liquid in the measuring cup 11 is in contact, the conductivity of the liquid can be detected through the probe 13, and if it is a solid density detection, the solid to be detected is fixed by hanging on the sliding arm 8, and the weight and volume of the liquid in the measuring cup 11 are detected first. Gradually move the sliding arm 8 down to make the solid gradually enter the liquid. After completely submerged in the liquid, you can know the volume of the solid according to the scale of the measuring cup 11. Continue to move down the sliding arm 8 and place the solid in the measuring cup completely loosely. 11 inner bottom, according to the weight data fed back by the electronic scale 10, the density of the solid can be calculated according to the density formula.

A method for measuring density, based on the above-mentioned solid and liquid density comprehensive measuring instrument, comprising the following steps:

1) By detecting whether the base plate 1 is horizontal through the spirit level 9, and realizing the level by adjusting the activity adjustment of the base pad;

2) Place the measuring cup 11 on the electronic scale 10, and put the liquid to be tested into the 11, record the liquid scale of the measuring cup 11, which is the liquid volume; record the weight difference before and after the liquid is put in, which is the liquid weight;

3) Start the light detection structure 12, and realize the detection of the light transmittance of the liquid through the laser transmitter and the photosensitive receiving circuit;

4) Start the stepper motor 7 to rotate and drive the slider 4 to slide vertically on the chute 3, thereby driving the sliding arm 8 to move down. When the probe 13 is gradually lowered by the sliding arm 8 and contacts the liquid in the measuring cup 11, it can be The conductivity of the liquid is detected by the probe 13; the solid gradually enters the liquid, and after being completely submerged in the liquid, the volume of the solid can be known according to the scale of the measuring cup 11, continue to move down the sliding arm 8 and place the solid completely loosely in the measuring cup 11 The inner bottom, according to the weight data fed back by the electronic scale 10, can calculate the density of the solid according to the density formula;

5) According to the weight and volume data of the liquid, calculate the density of the liquid.

The working principle of the present invention is: the structure of the present application can quickly detect the density of the liquid, and the intuitive volume scale of the measuring cup 11 cooperates with the electronic scale 10 to detect the weight, the observation is simple, and the transmittance and electrical conductivity of the liquid to be detected can also be detected And for the density detection of solid, it is also very simple and convenient, control and drive stepper motor 7 to rotate and drive slide block 4 to slide vertically on chute 3, fix the solid to be detected by hanging on slide arm 8, first detect the liquid in measuring cup 11 Gradually move the sliding arm 8 down to make the solid gradually enter the liquid. After completely submerged in the liquid, you can know the volume of the solid according to the scale of the measuring cup 11. Continue to move the sliding arm 8 down and completely relax the solid. placed in the bottom of the measuring cup 11, according to the weight data fed back by the electronic scale 10, the density of the solid can be calculated according to the density formula, and the detection is convenient and quick.

The standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the instructions and the records of the accompanying drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. Conventional means, machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, plus circuit connections adopt conventional connection methods in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of solid and fluid density general measuring instrument, special including the detection structure being set on the base and measuring cup (11) Sign is, the bascule that installation settings has Vertical movements is gone back on the pedestal, and the bascule passes through stepper motor (7) and drives Dynamic to form vertical reciprocating motion, there is slide arm (8) installation settings on the bascule, solid for hanging on the slide arm (8) Body detectable substance and probe (13).

2. a kind of solid according to claim 1 and fluid density general measuring instrument, which is characterized in that the pedestal includes Bottom plate (1) and the bracket (2) for being fixed on bottom plate (1) upper end side, the bottom plate (1) lower end two sides are by being threadedly engaged activity It is connected with adjusting heelpiece, is also inlayed on the bottom plate (1) and is provided with level meter (9)；Bracket (2) side is connected with work Dynamic structure and the stepper motor (7) for driving bascule.

3. a kind of solid according to claim 2 and fluid density general measuring instrument, which is characterized in that the bascule Including being fixed on the sliding slot (3) of bracket (2) side and sliding block (4) of the cooperation on sliding slot (3) that be slidably connected, the sliding slot (3) End, which is fixedly connected, is provided with limit backing plate (5), and rotation connection is provided with drive rod (6) on the limit backing plate (5), described Drive rod (6) is threaded rod, and the drive rod (6) runs through sliding block (4) by being threadedly engaged activity, and far from limit backing plate (5) One end connect transmission with the output end of stepper motor (7)；Sliding block (4) the side horizontal connection is fixed with slide arm (8).

4. a kind of solid according to claim 2 and fluid density general measuring instrument, which is characterized in that the bottom plate (1) Upper end, which is fixedly connected, is provided with detection structure, and the detection structure includes the electronic scale (10) being fixed on bottom plate (1) And it is located at the light-detecting structure (12) of electronic scale (10) two sides, the detection structure further includes the probe on slide arm (8) (13), the electronic scale (10), light-detecting structure (12) and probe (13) and control structure electrical communication, the electronic scale (10) upper end is horizontal positioned has measuring cup (11), has graduation mark on the measuring cup (11).

5. a kind of solid according to claim 1 and fluid density general measuring instrument, which is characterized in that the control structure Including single-chip microcontroller and liquid crystal display, for the single-chip microcontroller by drive module and stepper motor (7) electrical communication, the single-chip microcontroller is logical Constant pressure electric bridge and probe (13) electrical communication are crossed, the single-chip microcontroller is also electric with electronic scale (10) and light-detecting structure (12) respectively Property connection, the electronic scale (10) includes pressure sensor and A/D module, and the light-detecting structure (12) includes laser emitter With photosensitive reception circuit.

6. a kind of measurement method of density, based on the solid and fluid density composite measurement as described in Claims 1 to 5 is any Instrument, comprising the following steps:

1) whether horizontal by detecting bottom plate (1) by level meter (9), and the activity adjustment by adjusting heelpiece realizes level；

2) measuring cup (11) is placed on electronic scale (10), and to middle investment liquid to be detected, the liquid for recording measuring cup (11) is carved Degree, as liquid volume；Record the weight difference of liquid investment front and back, as liquid weight；

3) start light-detecting structure (12), pass through laser emitter and the photosensitive detection for receiving circuit realization to liquid light transmittance；

4) starting stepper motor (7) rotation band movable slider (4) vertical sliding motion on sliding slot (3), so that slide arm (8) is driven to move down, When probe (13) decline is simultaneously and measuring cup (11) interior liquid contacts, the conductivity of liquid is detected by probe (13)；

5) according to the weight and volume data of liquid, the density of liquid is calculated.

7. a kind of measurement method of density according to claim 6, which is characterized in that hang the solid of density to be detected Below slide arm, solid is progressed into liquid, and the body of solid can be known according to the scale of measuring cup by being submerged after liquid completely Product, continue to move down slide arm and by solid it is fully relaxed be placed on bottom in measuring cup, the weight data fed back according to electronic scale, The density of solid is calculated according to density formula.