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CN110500924B - Safety magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact and detonation method - Google Patents

Safety magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact and detonation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110500924B
CN110500924B CN201910773837.2A CN201910773837A CN110500924B CN 110500924 B CN110500924 B CN 110500924B CN 201910773837 A CN201910773837 A CN 201910773837A CN 110500924 B CN110500924 B CN 110500924B
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detonator
control chip
diode
sequence
magnetoelectric
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CN110500924A (en
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梁骏
章南
甘露
梁坚
张小飞
吴佳斌
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Hangzhou Guoxin Microelectronics Co.,Ltd.
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Hangzhou Nationalchip Science & Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/12Primers; Detonators electric

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Abstract

The invention discloses a safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact and a detonation method. The existing magnetoelectric detonator has no communication function, and the use of the magnetoelectric detonator is influenced. In the invention, two leg wires connected with a detonator body are respectively connected with a control chip, and two ends of a bus are respectively connected with an exploder; the bus is arranged by penetrating through the magnetic ring, and the secondary leg wire is arranged by penetrating through the magnetic ring and is wound on the magnetic ring to form a secondary coil; two ends of the secondary pin line are respectively connected with the control chip; two ends of the energy storage capacitor are respectively connected with the control chip; all electrical connections are insulation sealed. The safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact combines the advantages of the electronic detonator and the magnetoelectric detonator, and can be used in the occasions with high safety requirements, such as moist, underwater and the like, which do not allow electric exposure. The invention indirectly realizes the communication between the detonator and the electronic detonator through the relay function of the control chip, and realizes the advanced applications of electronic detonator detection, time delay setting, password control and the like.

Description

Safety magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact and detonation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic detonators, and relates to a safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact and a detonation method.
Technical Field
Compared with a non-electric detonator, the electronic detonator has the functions of more accurate control of detonation delay time, detonation energy, safety control and the like. The common electronic detonator is connected with the detonator through an electric wire. The bayonet of the electronic detonator foot line is internally provided with an exposed blade which is connected with the foot line inner core. When the bayonet is connected with the bus of the initiator, the blade pierces the insulating layer of the bus to be in contact with the metal inner core of the bus, and the electric connection between the electronic detonator and the bus of the initiator is completed. However, the bare blade has the risk of electric leakage and is easy to cause electric sparks. In the case of gas, the bayonet is required to use a complex sealing process. This limits the use of electronic detonators in wet, underwater and other situations and is not suitable for use in situations where electrical exposure is not allowed with high safety requirements.
And a magnetoelectric detonator which uses electromagnetic coupling to carry out explosion initiation control. As shown in figure 1, a leg wire of the magnetoelectric detonator I bypasses the magnetic ring II, and a bus of the initiator III penetrates through the magnetic ring II. Therefore, the magnetoelectric detonator is completely insulated and isolated from the bus of the initiator, and the risks of electric leakage and electric spark generation are avoided. The magnetoelectric detonator realizes controlled frequency-selective detonation through electro-magnetic-electric conversion. However, the electric-magnetic-electric conversion part has no communication function, which hinders quality judgment such as bridge wire detection of finished products of the detonator and influences the use of the magnetoelectric detonator. In addition, parasitic inductance on the leg wire on the magnetoelectric detonator can also obstruct energy transmission, so that the length of the leg wire of the magnetoelectric detonator is limited, and the use of the magnetoelectric detonator is influenced.
CN204730765U proposes an electronic delay magneto-electronic detonator controller. However, the proposal proposed by CN204730765U only realizes energy transmission, does not realize bidirectional communication function, and cannot realize the function of reading out electronic detonator information and the like by the initiator. CN204730765U proposes a programmable setting of delay time, but since there is no communication means, the programmable setting of delay time proposed by CN204730765U must be set before factory shipment, and cannot be set on site at blasting site. The password comparison function proposed by CN204730765U is carried out in the detonator. If the detonator is tampered, illegal detonation is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact and a detonation method of the magnetoelectric detonator aiming at the defects of the existing electronic detonator and magnetoelectric detonator.
The safe magnetoelectric detonator removes the buckle of the common electronic detonator, and is additionally provided with a magnetic ring, a secondary leg wire, a control chip and an energy storage capacitor.
The safety magnetoelectric detonator comprises a detonator body, an initiator and a magnetic ring. Two leg wires connected with the detonator body are respectively connected with the control chip, and two ends of the bus are respectively connected with the exploder; the bus bar penetrates through the magnetic ring, the secondary leg wire penetrates through the magnetic ring, and the magnetic ring is wound by 1-2 circles to form a secondary coil; two ends of the secondary pin line are respectively connected with the control chip; two ends of the energy storage capacitor are respectively connected with the control chip; all electrical connections are insulation sealed.
The control chip comprises a full-bridge rectification circuit, a communication module, an NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube and a return resistor; the cathode of the first diode is connected with the anode of the second diode and then is connected with the signal input end of the communication module, and the signal input end is used as an access end of the secondary pin line; the cathode of the third diode is connected with the anode of the fourth diode and is used as the other access end of the secondary pin wire; after the anode of the first diode is connected with the anode of the third diode, the grounding end of the communication module and the source electrode of the NMOS tube are connected and serve as one connecting end of the energy storage capacitor; after the cathode of the second diode is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode, the power connection end of the communication module and one end of the return resistor are connected and serve as the other connection end of the energy storage capacitor; the first diode, the second diode, the third diode and the fourth diode form a full-bridge rectification circuit; the return control end of the communication module is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube, and the drain electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the other end of the return resistor; two signal output ends of the communication module are decomposed to be used as access ends of two pin lines.
The invention also provides a detonation method of the safety magnetoelectric detonator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) under the condition of power failure, sequentially penetrating the bus through the magnetic rings of the detonators to be used, and then respectively connecting the two ends of the bus with the exploders to finish assembly before explosion;
(2) the detonator sends a sine wave with the frequency of F as a carrier, and communicates with the communication module M through a command sequence by utilizing a magnetic ring and a secondary coil, wherein the command sequence is modulated on the amplitude of the carrier with the frequency of F, and the specific modulation mode is as follows: when the transmission symbol is 1, the value of the envelope of the carrier is high, and the duration is T; when the transmission symbol is 0, the value of the envelope of the carrier is low and the duration is T; t is more than or equal to 0.1ms and less than or equal to 1 s;
(3) sending a sine wave with constant amplitude and frequency F after the initiator is started, and charging the energy storage capacitor by the control chip through the induction voltage of the secondary coil: a full-bridge rectification circuit in the control chip converts the induced alternating current on the secondary leg wire into direct current and stores the electric energy in an energy storage capacitor; the communication module carries out envelope detection on the induced voltage and carries out symbol judgment by taking the average value of the envelope as a threshold value: judging the sign to be 1 when the envelope level is higher than or equal to the threshold value, and judging the sign to be 0 when the envelope level is lower than the threshold value;
(4) when the voltage on the energy storage capacitor is higher than the lowest working voltage, the control chip resets and then enters a standby mode; the control chip enters a working mode when detecting a sequence header of a set sequence in a standby mode, otherwise, the control chip maintains the standby mode;
(5) after the control chip enters a working mode, the initiator starts to send a command sequence, and the control chip detects whether an effective command sequence is received within a set time length by using an envelope detection wave method: and the control chip operates after detecting the effective command sequence, and enters a standby mode if the effective command sequence is not received.
The command sequence sent by the initiator includes a query sequence and a control sequence.
The query sequence comprises a query address, and the control chip returns the value in the register of the corresponding address in the control chip according to the query address;
when the feedback symbol of the control chip is 1, the control chip opens the NMOS tube on the feedback resistor for a duration time T; in the T time, the return resistor consumes power, so that the current is increased; inducing a voltage change on the secondary leg wire via electro-magnetic-electric conduction;
when the feedback symbol of the control chip is 0, the control chip closes the NMOS tube on the feedback resistor, and the duration time is T; in the T time, the return resistor does not consume power, so that the current is reduced; through the electric-magnetic-electric conduction, the detonator detects the reverse voltage change, and the returned data is transmitted to the detonator from the control chip, so that the bidirectional communication function of the detonator and the safety magnetoelectric detonator is realized.
The control sequence is specifically operative to: the detonator firstly sends the delay parameters of the detonator to the control chip, the control chip stores the delay parameters in an internal designated register, the control chip performs communication which accords with the communication standard of the electronic detonator with the detonator body through an electronic detonator communication protocol, and sends the delay parameters stored in the internal designated register to the detonator body; then, the initiator sends an inquiry sequence to the control chip, if the control chip completes the task of sending the delay parameter to the detonator body, the correct coding symbol sequence is returned, and if the control chip does not complete the task of sending the delay parameter to the detonator body, the wrong coding symbol sequence is returned; when the detonation operation is carried out, the detonator firstly sends a detonation command sequence to the control chip, the control chip carries out communication meeting the standard with the detonator body through an electronic detonator communication protocol, and sends the detonation command to the detonator body to complete the detonation of the detonator body.
The safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact combines the advantages of the electronic detonator and the magnetoelectric detonator, and avoids the defects of the electronic detonator and the magnetoelectric detonator. The system has no exposed electrical connection points and can be used in places with high safety requirements, such as moisture, underwater and the like, which do not allow electrical exposure. Because the magnetic induction outer leg wire is not contacted with the electronic detonator, the safe electromagnetic detonator can not be triggered by stray noise in a severe electromagnetic environment. Through the relay function of the control chip, the initiator indirectly realizes the communication with the electronic detonator, and realizes the advanced applications of electronic detonator detection, delay setting, password control and the like. Parasitic inductance on the inner leg wire of the safety magnetoelectric detonator does not participate in electromagnetic-electric conversion, so that the length of the inner leg wire can be arbitrarily long, and the use distance of the safety magnetoelectric detonator is increased. The induced current of the safety magnetoelectric detonator is not directly used for detonating, the working current of the system is reduced, and the stability and the safety of the system are improved. The invention realizes the two-way communication between the initiator and the safe magnetoelectric detonator, thereby realizing the function of programming the delay time of the safe magnetoelectric detonator and comparing the delay time with the password of the safe magnetoelectric detonator.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the structure schematic diagram of the traditional magnetoelectric detonator;
FIG. 2: the structure schematic diagram of the safety magnetoelectric detonator is shown;
FIG. 3: fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control chip.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are only specific examples of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications of the present invention using the design concept shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, two leg wires 2 connected with a detonator body 1 are respectively connected with a control chip 3, and two ends of a bus 4 are respectively connected with an initiator 5; the bus 4 passes through the magnetic ring 6, the secondary leg wire 7 passes through the magnetic ring 6, and the magnetic ring is wound by 1-2 circles to form a secondary coil; two ends of the secondary leg wire 7 are respectively connected with the control chip 3; and two ends of the energy storage capacitor C are respectively connected with the control chip 3. All electrical connections are insulation sealed.
As shown in fig. 3, the control chip 3 includes a full bridge rectification circuit, a communication module M, NMOS, a transistor N, and a return resistor R. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, and then is connected with the signal input end of the signal module M, and is used as an input end a of the secondary pin line 7; the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4 as the other input terminal b of the secondary leg wire 7; after the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the third diode D3, the ground terminal of the communication module M and the source of the NMOS transistor N are connected, and the connected terminals C of the energy storage capacitor C are connected; after the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4, the power connection end of the communication module M and one end of the return resistor R are connected, and the other end of the return resistor R serves as the other connection end D of the energy storage capacitor C; the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3, and the fourth diode D4 constitute a full bridge rectifier circuit. The return control end of the communication module M is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube N, and the drain electrode of the NMOS tube N is connected with the other end of the return resistor R. Two signal output ends of the communication module M are decomposed as the access ends e and f of the two leg wires.
The detonation method of the safety magnetoelectric detonator comprises the following steps:
1. under the condition of power failure, sequentially penetrating a bus through magnetic rings of the detonator to be used, and then respectively connecting two ends of the bus with the exploders to finish assembly before explosion;
2. the detonator sends a sine wave with the frequency of F as a carrier, and communicates with the communication module M through a command sequence by utilizing a magnetic ring and a secondary coil, wherein the command sequence is modulated on the amplitude of the carrier with the frequency of F, and the specific modulation mode is as follows: when the transmission symbol is 1, the value of the envelope of the carrier is high, and the duration is T; when the transmission symbol is 0, the value of the envelope of the carrier is low and the duration is T; t is more than or equal to 0.1ms and less than or equal to 1 s;
3. the detonator sends a sine wave with constant amplitude and frequency of F after being started, and the control chip charges the energy storage capacitor through the induction voltage of the secondary coil: a full-bridge rectification circuit in the control chip converts the induced alternating current on the secondary leg wire into direct current and stores the electric energy in an energy storage capacitor C; the communication module carries out envelope detection on the induced voltage and carries out symbol judgment by taking the average value of the envelope as a threshold value: judging the sign to be 1 when the envelope level is higher than or equal to the threshold value, and judging the sign to be 0 when the envelope level is lower than the threshold value;
4. when the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C is higher than the lowest working voltage, the control chip resets and then enters a standby mode; the control chip enters the working mode when detecting the sequence header of the set sequence (set to 10101010 sequence in this embodiment) in the standby mode, otherwise, the standby mode is maintained.
5. After the control chip enters a working mode, the detonator starts to send a command sequence, and the control chip detects whether an effective command sequence is received within a set time length by using an envelope detection wave method: and the control chip operates after detecting the effective command sequence, and enters a standby mode if the effective command sequence is not received.
The command sequence sent by the initiator includes a query sequence and a control sequence.
The inquiry sequence contains inquiry address, and the control chip can back-transmit the value in the register of correspondent address in the control chip according to the inquiry address.
When the feedback symbol of the control chip is 1, the control chip opens the NMOS tube on the feedback resistor for a duration time T; in the T time, the return resistor consumes power, so that the current is increased; via electro-magnetic-electric conduction, a voltage change is induced on the secondary leg.
When the feedback symbol of the control chip is 0, the control chip closes the NMOS tube on the feedback resistor, and the duration time is T; in the T time, the return resistor does not consume power, so that the current is reduced; through the electric-magnetic-electric conduction, the detonator detects the reverse voltage change, and the returned data is transmitted to the detonator from the control chip, so that the bidirectional communication function of the detonator and the safety magnetoelectric detonator is realized.
The control sequence comprises a communication module control sequence and a detonator body control sequence, wherein the detonator body control sequence is transferred by the control chip. The detonator firstly sends the delay parameters of the detonator to the control chip, the control chip stores the delay parameters in an internal designated register, the control chip communicates with the detonator body according with the electronic detonator communication standard through an electronic detonator communication protocol, and the delay parameters stored in the internal designated register are sent to the detonator body. Then, the initiator sends an inquiry sequence to the control chip, if the control chip completes the task of sending the delay parameter to the detonator body, the correct coding symbol sequence is returned, and if the control chip does not complete the task of sending the delay parameter to the detonator body, the wrong coding symbol sequence is returned; when the detonation operation is carried out, the detonator firstly sends a detonation command sequence to the control chip, the control chip carries out communication meeting the standard with the detonator body through an electronic detonator communication protocol, and sends the detonation command to the detonator body to complete the detonation of the detonator body.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a safe magnetoelectric detonator of exposed electrical contact, includes detonator body (1), detonator (5) and magnetic ring (6), its characterized in that: two leg wires (2) connected with the detonator body (1) are respectively connected with the control chip (3), and two ends of the bus (4) are respectively connected with the exploder (5); the bus (4) penetrates through the magnetic ring (6), the secondary leg wire (7) penetrates through the magnetic ring (6), and the magnetic ring (6) is wound for 1-2 circles to form a secondary coil; two ends of the secondary leg wire (7) are respectively connected with the control chip (3); two ends of the energy storage capacitor (C) are respectively connected with the control chip (3); all electrical connections are insulated and sealed;
the control chip (3) comprises a full-bridge rectification circuit, a communication module (M), an NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube and a return resistor (R); the cathode of the first diode (D1) is connected with the anode of the second diode (D2) and then is connected with the signal input end of the communication module (M), and the signal input end is used as an access end of the secondary pin line (7); the cathode of the third diode (D3) is connected with the anode of the fourth diode (D4) and is used as the other access end of the secondary pin wire (7); after the anode of the first diode (D1) is connected with the anode of the third diode (D3), the grounding end of the communication module (M) and the source electrode of the NMOS tube (N) are connected and are used as one connecting end of the energy storage capacitor (C); after the cathode of the second diode (D2) is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode (D4), the power connection end of the communication module (M) and one end of the return resistor (R) are connected and serve as the other connection end of the energy storage capacitor (C); the first diode (D1), the second diode (D2), the third diode (D3) and the fourth diode (D4) form a full-bridge rectification circuit; the return control end of the communication module (M) is connected with the grid electrode of the NMOS tube (N), and the drain electrode of the NMOS tube (N) is connected with the other end of the return resistor (R); two signal output ends of the communication module (M) are respectively used as access ends of two pin lines; the communication module carries out envelope detection on the induced voltage and carries out symbol judgment by taking the average value of the envelope as a threshold value: the sign is judged to be 1 when the envelope level is higher than or equal to the threshold value, and the sign is judged to be 0 when the envelope level is lower than the threshold value.
2. The initiation method of the safety magnetoelectric detonator without the exposed electric contact according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) under the condition of power failure, sequentially penetrating the bus through the magnetic rings of the detonators to be used, and then respectively connecting the two ends of the bus with the exploders to finish assembly before explosion;
(2) the detonator sends a sine wave with the frequency of F as a carrier, and communicates with the communication module (M) through a command sequence by utilizing a magnetic ring and a secondary coil, wherein the command sequence is modulated on the amplitude of the carrier with the frequency of F, and the specific modulation mode is as follows: when the transmission symbol is 1, the envelope of the carrier has a high value and a duration ofT (ii) a When the transmission symbol is 0, the envelope of the carrier has a low value and a duration of 0T ,0.1ms T ≤1s
(3) Sending a sine wave with constant amplitude and frequency F after the initiator is started, and charging the energy storage capacitor by the control chip through the induction voltage of the secondary coil: a full-bridge rectification circuit in the control chip converts the induced alternating current on the secondary leg wire into direct current and stores the electric energy in an energy storage capacitor; the communication module carries out envelope detection on the induced voltage and carries out symbol judgment by taking the average value of the envelope as a threshold value: judging the sign to be 1 when the envelope level is higher than or equal to the threshold value, and judging the sign to be 0 when the envelope level is lower than the threshold value;
(4) when the voltage on the energy storage capacitor is higher than the lowest working voltage, the control chip resets and then enters a standby mode; the control chip enters a working mode when detecting a sequence header of a set sequence in a standby mode, otherwise, the control chip maintains the standby mode;
(5) after the control chip enters a working mode, the initiator starts to send a command sequence, and the control chip detects whether an effective command sequence is received within a set time length by using an envelope detection wave method: and the control chip operates after detecting the effective command sequence, and enters a standby mode if the effective command sequence is not received.
3. The method of initiating initiation according to claim 2, wherein: the command sequence sent by the initiator includes a query sequence and a control sequence.
4. The detonation method according to claim 3, characterised in that: the query sequence comprises a query address, and the control chip returns the value in the register of the corresponding address in the control chip according to the query address;
when the feedback symbol of the control chip is 1, the control chip turns on the NMOS tube on the feedback resistor for a duration of 1T (ii) a In thatT Within the time, the return resistor consumes power, so that the current is increased; inducing a voltage change on the secondary leg wire via electro-magnetic-electric conduction;
when the feedback symbol of the control chip is 0, the control chip turns off the NMOS tube on the feedback resistor for a duration of 0T (ii) a In thatT Within the time, the return resistor does not consume power, so that the current is reduced; through the electric-magnetic-electric conduction, the detonator detects the reverse voltage change, and the returned data is transmitted to the detonator from the control chip, so that the bidirectional communication function of the detonator and the safety magnetoelectric detonator is realized.
5. The method of initiating detonation according to claim 3, characterised in that said control sequence is operative to: the detonator firstly sends the delay parameters of the detonator to the control chip, the control chip stores the delay parameters in an internal designated register, the control chip performs communication which accords with the communication standard of the electronic detonator with the detonator body through an electronic detonator communication protocol, and sends the delay parameters stored in the internal designated register to the detonator body; then, the initiator sends an inquiry sequence to the control chip, if the control chip completes the task of sending the delay parameter to the detonator body, the correct coding symbol sequence is returned, and if the control chip does not complete the task of sending the delay parameter to the detonator body, the wrong coding symbol sequence is returned; when the detonation operation is carried out, the detonator firstly sends a detonation command sequence to the control chip, the control chip carries out communication meeting the standard with the detonator body through an electronic detonator communication protocol, and sends the detonation command to the detonator body to complete the detonation of the detonator body.
CN201910773837.2A 2019-08-21 2019-08-21 Safety magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact and detonation method Active CN110500924B (en)

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CN111023923A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-17 西安物华巨能爆破器材有限责任公司 Magnetoelectric detonator detonation control circuit
CN111076628B (en) * 2020-01-06 2024-07-30 洛阳正硕电子科技有限公司 Quick counting circuit of electronic detonator
CN111189369B (en) * 2020-01-06 2022-01-14 洛阳正硕电子科技有限公司 Rapid counting method for electronic detonators
CN111404138B (en) * 2020-03-09 2022-01-04 杭州国芯科技股份有限公司 Overvoltage protection method for electronic detonator
CN111666597B (en) * 2020-05-13 2021-05-18 上海微符尔半导体有限公司 On-chip storage method and device for electronic detonator chip

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