CN110500924A - A safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electrical contact and its detonation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electrical contact and a detonation method. The existing magnetoelectric detonator has no communication function, which affects the use of the magnetoelectric detonator. In the present invention, the two legs connected to the detonator body are respectively connected to the control chip, and the two ends of the bus are respectively connected to the detonator; the bus is set through the magnetic ring, the secondary legs are set through the magnetic ring, and The secondary coil is wound on the ring; the two ends of the secondary leg wire are respectively connected to the control chip; the two ends of the energy storage capacitor are respectively connected to the control chip; all electrical connections are insulated and sealed. The safety magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electrical contact of the present invention combines the advantages of the electronic detonator and the magnetoelectric detonator, and can be used in places with high safety requirements that do not allow electrical exposure, such as wet and underwater. The invention indirectly realizes the communication with the electronic detonator through the relay function of the control chip, and realizes advanced applications such as electronic detonator detection, delay setting, password control and the like.

Description

A safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electrical contact and its detonation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic detonators, and relates to a safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electrical contact and a detonation method.

technical background

Compared with non-electric detonators, electronic detonators have more precise detonation delay time control, detonation energy control, safety control and other functions. Common electronic detonators are connected with the detonator by wires. There is a bare blade in the bayonet of the electronic detonator foot, and the blade is connected with the inner core of the foot. When the bayonet is connected with the bus bar of the detonator, the blade pierces the insulating layer of the bus bar and contacts the metal inner core of the bus bar to complete the electrical connection between the electronic detonator and the bus bar of the detonator. However, there is a risk of electric leakage in the exposed blade, and it is also easy to cause electric sparks. If there is gas, the bayonet must use a complicated sealing process. This limits the use of electronic detonators in wet, underwater, etc. situations, and is not suitable for use in high safety requirements where electrical exposure is not allowed.

There is also a magnetoelectric detonator that uses electromagnetic coupling for detonation control. As shown in Figure 1, the leg wire of the magnetoelectric detonator I bypasses the magnetic ring II, and the bus bar of the detonator III passes through the magnetic ring II. In this way, the magnetic detonator is completely insulated from the bus bar of the detonator, and there is no risk of electric leakage and electric sparks. The magnetoelectric detonator achieves controlled frequency-selective detonation through electric-magnetic-electric conversion. However, the electric-magnetic-electric conversion part has no communication function, which hinders the quality judgment of the bridge wire detection of the finished detonator, and affects the use of the magnetoelectric detonator. In addition, the parasitic inductance on the legs of the magnetoelectric detonator will also hinder energy transmission, resulting in the limitation of the length of the legs of the magnetoelectric detonator, which affects the use of the magnetoelectric detonator.

CN204730765U proposes electronic delay magnetoelectric detonator controller. But the scheme that CN204730765U proposes only realizes energy transmission, does not realize two-way communication function, can't realize the function that detonator reads electronic detonator information etc. CN204730765U proposes that the delay time can be programmed, but because there is no communication mode, the delay time that CN204730765U proposes can be programmed and set before leaving the factory, and cannot be programmed at the blasting site. The password comparison function proposed by CN204730765U is carried out in the detonator. If the detonator is tampered with, it is easy to cause illegal detonation.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a safe magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electrical contact and a detonation method for the magnetoelectric detonator aiming at the defects of the existing electronic detonator and magnetoelectric detonator.

In the safety magnetoelectric detonator of the present invention, the buckle is removed from the ordinary electronic detonator, and a magnetic ring, a secondary foot wire, a control chip and an energy storage capacitor are added.

The safety magnetoelectric detonator includes a detonator body, a detonator and a magnetic ring. The two legs connected to the detonator body are respectively connected to the control chip, and the two ends of the bus are respectively connected to the detonator; the bus is set through the magnetic ring, and the secondary leg is set through the magnetic ring, and is wound on the magnetic ring for 1 -2 turns to form a secondary coil; the two ends of the secondary leg are respectively connected to the control chip; the two ends of the energy storage capacitor are respectively connected to the control chip; all electrical connections are insulated and sealed.

The control chip includes a full-bridge rectifier circuit, a communication module, an NMOS tube, and a return resistor; the cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode and then connected to the signal input terminal of the communication module, and serves as a secondary An access end of the foot wire; the cathode of the third diode is connected to the anode of the fourth diode as the other access end of the secondary foot wire; the anode of the first diode is connected to the third diode After connecting the anode of the communication module and the source of the NMOS tube, it is used as a connection terminal of the energy storage capacitor; after the cathode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode, it is connected to the communication module. The power supply connection end of the module, and one end of the return resistor, and the other connection end of the energy storage capacitor; the first diode, the second diode, the third diode, and the fourth diode form a full bridge Rectifier circuit; the feedback control terminal of the communication module is connected to the gate of the NMOS tube, and the drain of the NMOS tube is connected to the other end of the feedback resistor; the two signal output terminals of the communication module are decomposed as the access terminals of the two pins.

The present invention also provides the method for detonating the safety magnetoelectric detonator, specifically as follows:

(1). In the case of power failure, pass the bus bar through the magnetic ring of the detonator to be used in turn, and then connect the two ends of the bus bar to the detonator respectively to complete the pre-detonation assembly;

(2). The detonator sends a sine wave with a frequency of F as a carrier wave, and uses a magnetic ring and a secondary coil to communicate with the communication module M through a command sequence. The command sequence is modulated on the carrier frequency with a frequency of F. The specific modulation method is : When the transmission symbol is 1, the value of the carrier envelope is high and the duration is T; when the transmission symbol is 0, the value of the carrier envelope is low and the duration is T; 0.1ms≤T≤1s;

(3). After the detonator is turned on, it sends a sine wave with a constant amplitude and a frequency of F, and the control chip charges the energy storage capacitor through the induced voltage of the secondary coil: the full-bridge rectifier circuit in the control chip senses the secondary pin line The raw alternating current is converted into direct current, and the electric energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor; the communication module performs envelope detection on the induced voltage, and uses the average value of the envelope as the threshold for sign judgment: if the envelope level is higher than or equal to the threshold, the judgment The sign is 1, and the sign is 0 if the envelope level is lower than the threshold;

(4). When the voltage on the energy storage capacitor is higher than the minimum operating voltage, the control chip resets and then enters the standby mode; the control chip detects the sequence head of the set sequence in the standby mode and enters the working mode, otherwise maintains the standby mode model;

(5). After the control chip enters the working mode, the detonator starts to send the command sequence, and the control chip uses the envelope detection wave method to detect whether a valid command sequence is received within the set time length: after the control chip detects the valid command sequence, the Operation, if no valid command sequence is received, the control chip enters standby mode.

The command sequence sent by the detonator includes an inquiry sequence and a control sequence.

The query sequence includes a query address, and the control chip returns the value in the register corresponding to the address in the control chip according to the query address;

When the control chip returns a symbol of 1, the control chip turns on the NMOS transistor on the return resistor for a duration of T; within T, the return resistor consumes power, making the current larger; through the electro-magnetic-electric conduction, causing a voltage change on the secondary leg;

When the control chip returns a symbol of 0, the control chip will turn off the NMOS tube on the return resistor for a duration of T; within the time T, the return resistor does not consume power, making the current smaller; through the electro-magnetic- Electric conduction, the detonator detects the reverse voltage change, and the return data is transmitted from the control chip to the detonator, realizing the two-way communication function between the detonator and the safety magnetoelectric detonator.

The specific operation of the control sequence is as follows: the detonator first sends the delay parameter of the detonator to the control chip, and the control chip stores the delay parameter in an internal designated register, and the control chip communicates with the detonator body through the electronic detonator communication protocol. Detonator communication standard communication, the delay parameter stored in the internal designated register is sent to the detonator body; then, the detonator sends a query sequence to the control chip, and if the control chip completes the task of sending the delay parameter to the detonator body, it returns Indicates the correct coding symbol sequence, if the control chip does not complete the task of sending the delay parameters to the detonator body, it will return the wrong coding symbol sequence; when performing the detonation operation, the detonator first sends the detonation command sequence to the control chip, The control chip communicates with the detonator body in accordance with the standard through the electronic detonator communication protocol, and sends the detonation command to the detonator body to complete the detonation of the detonator body.

The safety magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electric contact of the present invention combines the advantages of the electronic detonator and the magnetoelectric detonator, and avoids the disadvantages of both. The system has no exposed electrical connection points, and can be used in places with high safety requirements that do not allow electrical exposure, such as wet and underwater. Since the outer legs of the magnetic induction are not in contact with the electronic detonator, the safety magnetic detonator will not be falsely triggered due to stray noise in harsh electromagnetic environments. Through the relay function of the control chip, the detonator indirectly realizes the communication with the electronic detonator, and realizes advanced applications such as electronic detonator detection, delay setting, and password control. The parasitic inductance on the inner leg wire of the safety magnetoelectric detonator does not participate in the electromagnetic-electric conversion, so the length of the inner leg wire can be arbitrarily long, which increases the use distance of the safety magnetoelectric detonator. The induced current of the safety magnetoelectric detonator is not directly used for detonation, the working current of the system is reduced, and the stability and safety of the system are increased. Because the invention realizes the two-way communication between the detonator and the safety magnetoelectric detonator, it can realize the programming setting of the delay time of the safety magnetoelectric detonator and the password comparison function of the safety magnetoelectric detonator.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional magnetoelectric detonator;

Fig. 2: the structural representation of safety magnetoelectric detonator of the present invention;

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the structure of the control chip in Figure 1.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples. The following examples are only specific examples of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial changes made to the present invention by using this concept should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 2, a safety magnetoelectric detonator without exposed electrical contact, the two leg wires 2 connected with the detonator body 1 are respectively connected to the control chip 3, and the two ends of the bus bar 4 are respectively connected to the detonator 5; the bus bar 4 passes through the The magnetic ring 6 is set, the secondary foot wire 7 is set through the magnetic ring 6, and wound 1-2 turns on the magnetic ring to form a secondary coil; the two ends of the secondary foot wire 7 are respectively connected to the control chip 3; the energy storage capacitor Both ends of C are respectively connected to the control chip 3 . All electrical connections are insulated and sealed.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the control chip 3 includes a full-bridge rectifier circuit, a communication module M, an NMOS transistor N, and a return resistor R. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and then connected to the signal input terminal of the communication module M, and serves as an access terminal a of the secondary leg 7; the cathode of the third diode D3 Connect to the anode of the fourth diode D4 as another access terminal b of the secondary leg 7; after the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the third diode D3, it is connected to the communication module M The ground terminal and the source of the NMOS transistor N are used as a connection terminal c of the energy storage capacitor C; after the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4, it is connected to the power supply of the communication module M Connecting end, and one end of the return resistor R, and as the other connecting end d of the energy storage capacitor C; the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3, and the fourth diode D4 constitutes a full-bridge rectifier circuit. The backhaul control terminal of the communication module M is connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor N, and the drain of the NMOS transistor N is connected to the other end of the backhaul resistor R. The two signal output terminals of the communication module M are decomposed as the access terminals e and f of the two pin lines.

The detonation method of this safety magnetoelectric detonator is as follows:

1. In the case of power failure, pass the bus bar through the magnetic ring of the detonator to be used in turn, and then connect the two ends of the bus bar to the detonator respectively to complete the pre-detonation assembly;

2. The detonator sends a sine wave with a frequency of F as the carrier, and uses the magnetic ring and the secondary coil to communicate with the communication module M through a command sequence. The command sequence is modulated on the amplitude of the carrier wave with a frequency of F. The specific modulation method is: when When the transmission symbol is 1, the value of the envelope of the carrier is high and the duration is T; when the transmission symbol is 0, the value of the envelope of the carrier is low and the duration is T; 0.1ms≤T≤1s;

3. After the detonator is turned on, it sends a sine wave with a constant amplitude and a frequency of F, and the control chip charges the energy storage capacitor through the induced voltage of the secondary coil: the full-bridge rectifier circuit in the control chip converts the AC current induced on the secondary pin Convert it into direct current, and store the electric energy in the energy storage capacitor C; the communication module performs envelope detection on the induced voltage, and uses the average value of the envelope as the threshold for sign judgment: if the envelope level is higher than or equal to the threshold, the sign is judged is 1, if the envelope level is lower than the threshold, the symbol is judged to be 0;

4. When the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C is higher than the minimum operating voltage, the control chip resets and then enters the standby mode; the control chip detects the sequence header of the set sequence in the standby mode (this embodiment is set to 10101010 sequence) Then enter the working mode, otherwise maintain the standby mode.

5. After the control chip enters the working mode, the detonator starts to send the command sequence, and the control chip uses the envelope detection wave method to detect whether a valid command sequence is received within the set time length: the control chip operates after detecting a valid command sequence, If no valid command sequence is received, the control chip enters the standby mode.

The command sequence sent by the detonator includes an inquiry sequence and a control sequence.

The query sequence includes a query address, and the control chip returns the value in the register corresponding to the address in the control chip according to the query address.

When the control chip returns a symbol of 1, the control chip turns on the NMOS transistor on the return resistor for a duration of T; within T, the return resistor consumes power, making the current larger; through the electro-magnetic-electric conduction, causing a voltage change on the secondary leg.

When the control chip returns a symbol of 0, the control chip will turn off the NMOS tube on the return resistor for a duration of T; within the time T, the return resistor does not consume power, making the current smaller; through the electro-magnetic- Electric conduction, the detonator detects the reverse voltage change, and the return data is transmitted from the control chip to the detonator, realizing the two-way communication function between the detonator and the safety magnetoelectric detonator.

The control sequence includes a communication module control sequence and a detonator body control sequence, wherein the detonator body control sequence is relayed by the control chip. The detonator first sends the delay parameter of the detonator to the control chip, and the control chip stores the delay parameter in an internal designated register. The delay parameter in the internal specified register is sent to the detonator body. Then, the detonator sends an inquiry sequence to the control chip. If the control chip completes the task of sending the delay parameters to the detonator body, it will return the correct coding symbol sequence. If the control chip does not complete the task of sending the delay parameters to the detonator body, Then return the coded symbol sequence that indicates the error; when performing the detonation operation, the detonator first sends the detonation command sequence to the control chip, and the control chip communicates with the detonator body through the electronic detonator communication protocol and sends the detonation command to the detonator. body, complete the detonation of the detonator body.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of safe Magnedat without exposed electrical contact, including detonator body (1), initiator (5) and magnet ring (6), feature Be: two payment to a porter (2) connecting with detonator body (1) are separately connected control chip (3), and the both ends of bus (4) have been separately connected Quick-fried device (5)；The bus (4) is arranged across magnet ring (6), and secondary payment to a porter (7) is arranged across magnet ring (6), and on magnet ring (6) 1-2 circle is wound, secondary coil is formed；The both ends of secondary payment to a porter (7) are separately connected control chip (3)；The both ends of storage capacitor (C) It is separately connected control chip (3)；All electrical connections carry out insulated enclosure；

The control chip (3) includes full bridge rectifier, communication module (M), NMOS tube (N), passback resistance (R)；First The cathode of diode (D1) connect the signal input part for being followed by communication module (M), and conduct with the anode of the second diode (D2) One incoming end of secondary payment to a porter (7)；The cathode of third diode (D3) is connect with the anode of the 4th diode (D4), as secondary Another incoming end of grade payment to a porter (7)；After the anode of first diode (D1) is connect with the anode of third diode (D3), connect Believe the ground terminal of module (M) and the source electrode of NMOS tube (N), and a connecting pin as storage capacitor (C)；Two or two pole After the cathode of pipe (D2) connect connection with the cathode of the 4th diode (D4), the power connector end of communication module (M) is connect, and return Conduct electricity one end of resistance (R), and another connecting pin as storage capacitor (C)；First diode (D1), the second diode (D2), third diode (D3), the 4th diode (D4) constitute full bridge rectifier；The passback of communication module (M) controls termination The grid of NMOS tube (N), the drain electrode of NMOS tube (N) take back the other end for resistance (R) that conduct electricity；Two signals of communication module (M) are defeated Outlet decomposes the incoming end as two payment to a porter.

2. a kind of method of ignition of safe Magnedat, which is characterized in that this method is specific as follows:

(1) bus is sequentially passed through the magnet ring of stand-by detonator under power blackout situation by, is then separately connected the both ends of bus Initiator completes assembly before detonation；

(2) sine wave that initiator sends that frequency is F by command sequence and is led to as carrier wave using magnet ring and secondary coil Letter module M is communicated, and command sequence is modulated in the carrier amplitude that frequency is F, specific modulation system are as follows: when transmission symbol is When 1, the value of the envelope of carrier wave is high, duration T；When transmitting symbol is 0, when the value of the envelope of carrier wave is low, lasting Between be T；0.1ms≤T≤1s；

(3) sine wave that the frequency of constant amplitude is F is sent after the booting of initiator, controls induction of the chip by secondary coil Voltage charges to storage capacitor: alternating current of inducting in secondary payment to a porter is converted into directly by the full bridge rectifier in control chip Galvanic electricity, and by power storage in storage capacitor；Communication module carries out envelope detection to induced potential, and with the average value of envelope work Symbol decision is carried out for threshold value: symbol being sentenced then optionally greater than threshold value for 1 with envelope level, symbol is then sentenced lower than threshold value with envelope level Number be 0；

(4) after the voltage on storage capacitor is higher than minimum operating voltage, control chip is resetted, subsequently into standby mould Formula；Control chip detects that the sequence head of setting sequence then enters operating mode in stand-by mode, otherwise maintains standby mode；

(5) after control chip enters operating mode, initiator starts to send command sequence, controls chip envelope detected wave Whether method detection receives effective order sequence in setting time length: control chip detects that effective order sequence is laggard Row operation, controls chip if being not received by effective order sequence and enters standby mode.

3. a kind of method of ignition of safe Magnedat as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the order that initiator is sent Sequence includes search sequence and control sequence.

4. a kind of method of ignition of safe Magnedat as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: in the search sequence Comprising inquiring address, control chip returns the value in the register of corresponding address in control chip according to inquiry address；

When controlling chip passback symbol is 1, control chip will return ohmically NMOS tube and open, duration T；In T In time, resistance consumption power is returned, electric current is enabled to become larger；Via electricity-magnetic-electricity conduction, voltage is caused to become in secondary payment to a porter Change；

When controlling chip passback symbol is 0, control chip is closed ohmically NMOS tube is returned, duration T；In In T time, passback resistance does not consume power, and electric current is enabled to become smaller；Via electricity-magnetic-electricity conduction, initiator detects reversed electricity Buckling, return data are transmitted to initiator from control chip, realize the bi-directional communication function of initiator and safe Magnedat.

5. a kind of method of ignition of safe Magnedat as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the control sequence tool Gymnastics sends control chip for the delay parameter of detonator first as: initiator, in delay parameter is stored in by control chip In the specified register in portion, control chip carries out meeting electric detonator communication standard by electric detonator communication protocol and detonator body Communication, the delay parameter that will be stored in internal specified register is sent to detonator body；Then, initiator is sent out to control chip Search sequence is sent, if control chip completes the task that delay parameter is sent to detonator body, returns expression correctly coding symbol Number sequence returns the coded identification for indicating mistake if control chip does not complete the task that delay parameter is sent to detonator body Sequence；When carrying out detonation operation, initiator first sends control chip for detonation command sequence, and control chip passes through electronics thunder Pipe communication protocol and detonator body carry out standard compliant communication, send detonator body for detonation order, complete the detonation of detonator body.