CN110492242B - Ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiation antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna, comprising a rectangular radiating microstrip patch, a dielectric substrate, a metal bottom plate, a first metal short-circuit pin and a radio frequency connector, the rectangular radiating microstrip patch is attached to the One side of the dielectric substrate, the other side of the dielectric substrate and the metal base plate are fixedly connected, the first metal short-circuit pins are provided with four and penetrate the rectangular radiation microstrip patch, the dielectric substrate The radio frequency connector is installed on the opposite side of the metal bottom plate and the dielectric substrate, and the coaxial probe inside the radio frequency connector passes through the dielectric substrate and the Solder connection between the rectangular radiating microstrip patches. In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and unstable directional pattern of the single-layer short-circuit wall patch antenna in the case of single-point feeding of the existing radiating antenna.

Description

An ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication antennas, and in particular relates to an ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiation antenna.

Background technique

In recent years, with the popularization and application of satellite navigation systems, new requirements have been put forward for satellite navigation antennas in both military and civil fields. Due to the relative motion between the satellite and the ground, in order to ensure that satellite signals can be received in different places on the ground, circularly polarized antennas have become the best option for satellite communications. Since the antenna is installed on the satellite, the top of the antenna needs to be radiated to achieve unidirectional radiation to the ground. Patch antennas are widely used in wireless communication systems due to their advantages of light weight, small size, and easy conformality.

Traditional rectangular patch antennas usually use perturbation to achieve circular polarization. In order to reduce the size of the antenna, short-circuit wall antennas are used. At present, the circular polarization technology of single-layer short-circuit wall microstrip antenna can generally adopt sequential helical placement of antenna elements, multi-port feeding or multi-layer structure to realize circular polarization performance of short-circuit wall patch antenna. Prior Art One realizes circular polarization of short-circuit wall patch antennas by using sub-arrays of equal amplitude and 90° phase difference to generate broadband circularly polarized radiation. The second prior art realizes that the circular polarization of the short-circuit wall patch antenna is fed through two ports to generate a circularly polarized radiation field. The third prior art realizes the circular polarization of the short-circuit wall patch antenna. Through the multilayer structure, a pair of orthogonally oriented short-circuit wall antennas are stacked to realize the circular polarization performance.

However, both technology 1 and technology 2 require a feeding network, so the antenna structure is complex, the cost is high, the materials used are many, and the processing is difficult. The multi-layer structure adopted by technology 3 will raise the profile of the antenna, which is not conducive to the use of low-profile antennas. This makes the single-layer short-circuit wall patch antenna low in efficiency and complex in structure in the case of single-point feeding.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve the problem of the existence of a single-layer short-circuit wall in the case of single-point feeding proposed in the above-mentioned background art The patch antenna has problems such as low efficiency and complex structure.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: an ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiation antenna, comprising a rectangular radiation microstrip patch, a dielectric substrate, a metal base plate, a first metal short-circuit pin and a radio frequency connector, The rectangular radiation microstrip patch is attached to one side of the dielectric substrate, and the other side of the dielectric substrate is fixedly connected to the metal base plate. The rectangular radiating microstrip patch, the dielectric substrate and the metal base plate are connected to the metal base plate, the radio frequency connector is installed on the opposite side of the metal base plate and the dielectric base plate, and the coaxial cable inside the radio frequency connector The probe passes through the dielectric substrate and is connected by welding between the rectangular radiation microstrip patch.

Preferably, a linear groove with a length of 0.15λ is opened on the rectangular radiating microstrip patch, and there is no metal element inside the linear groove.

Preferably, the dielectric substrate is a substrate sheet based on the principle of substrate-integrated waveguide formation, and a row of second metal short-circuit pins is installed on the dielectric substrate along the edge of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch.

Preferably, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is less than 0.028λ.

Preferably, the rectangular radiation microstrip patch has a length of 0.46λ and a width of 0.23λ.

Preferably, the radius of the first metal short-circuit pin is 1.2 mm, and the distance between them is set at 0.5 mm.

Preferably, the outer layer of the radio frequency connector is fixedly connected to the metal base plate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. In the present invention, four first metal short-circuit pins are arranged at equal intervals on one side of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch close to the radiation side, and the first metal short-circuit pins are used to adjust the resonance of the TM _0,1/2 mode of the antenna. Frequency point; the radius of the first metal short-circuit pin is 1.2mm, and the spacing is 0.5mm. By adjusting the first metal short-circuit pin and the linear slot of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch, the circular polarization of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna is realized and the dielectric substrate based on the formation principle of the substrate integrated waveguide is located in the middle layer of the antenna, and a second metal short-circuit pin is placed on the dielectric substrate along the edge of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch to reduce the cross-sectional size of the antenna and the thickness of the dielectric substrate. Less than 0.028λ, low profile characteristics of the antenna are achieved.

2. The radiating antenna of the present invention adopts single-point feeding, radiates circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, and the entire antenna has low profile characteristics. For polarized microstrip antennas, a second metal short-circuit pin is placed on the edge of the dielectric substrate, and the edge is equivalent to an ideal electric wall, so that electromagnetic waves propagate in the cavity between the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric and the through hole, reducing the cross-sectional size of the antenna ; By loading and adjusting the first metal short-circuit pin, the resonant frequency of TM _0,1/2 mode moves to high frequency, while keeping the resonant frequency of TM _1,1/2 mode unchanged, and the resonant frequency of the two modes is brought closer Point distance, and finally use two orthogonal modes TM _{0, 1/2} mode and TM _{1, 1/2} mode to achieve circular polarization, so that the antenna can be used to minimize the number of antenna pairs while ensuring the high performance of the antenna. The influence of the shape of the carrier. In addition, the antenna of the present invention has a simple structure, and can be widely used in various scenarios such as navigation satellites, radars and mobile communications.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a reflection coefficient curve diagram of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna port of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an axial ratio curve diagram of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized tip radiating antenna of the present invention.

5 is a Phi=90° plane pattern of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized tip radiation antenna of the present invention at a low frequency of 2.78 GHz.

FIG. 6 is a Phi=0° plane pattern of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna of the present invention at a low frequency of 2.78 GHz.

FIG. 7 is the gain variation of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna port of the present invention.

Description of reference numbers:

1-rectangular radiation microstrip patch; 2-dielectric substrate; 3-metal base plate; 4-first metal short-circuit pin; 5-linear slot; 6-second metal short-circuit pin; 7-radio frequency connector; 8-coaxial probe Needle.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna, comprising a rectangular radiating microstrip patch 1 , a dielectric substrate 2 , and a metal base plate 3 , a first metal short-circuit pin 4 and a radio frequency connector 7, the rectangular radiation microstrip patch 1 is attached to one side of the dielectric substrate 2, wherein the rectangular radiation microstrip patch 1 is manufactured by a printed circuit process, and the rectangular radiation microstrip patch 1 The length of 1 is 0.46λ and the width is 0.23λ. It is printed on the dielectric substrate 2. At the same time, a through hole for passing through the coaxial probe 7 is punched on the rectangular radiation microstrip patch 1 on the side away from the radiation slot. The coaxial probe 7 feeds the rectangular radiating microstrip patch 1; the rectangular radiating microstrip patch 1 is provided with a linear slot 5 with a length of 0.15λ. 5 to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna.

The other side of the dielectric substrate 2 is fixedly connected to the metal base plate 3. The thickness of the dielectric substrate 2 is less than 0.028λ. A row of second metal short-circuit pins 6 are installed on the substrate 2 along the edge of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch 1 to reduce the cross-sectional size of the antenna.

The first metal short-circuit pins 4 are provided with four and penetrate the rectangular radiation microstrip patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2 and the metal base plate 3 and are connected with the metal base plate 3 to adjust the TM of the antenna. The resonant frequency point of the _0,1/2 mode; and the radius of the first metal short-circuit pin 4 is 1.2mm and the spacing is 0.5mm, by adjusting the first metal short-circuit pin 4 and the linear groove 5 of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch to achieve ultra-thin Circular polarization characteristics of half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized tip radiating antennas

The RF connector 7 is installed on the opposite side of the metal base plate 3 and the dielectric substrate 2, and the coaxial probe 8 inside the RF connector 7 passes through the dielectric substrate 2 and the rectangular radiation microstrip patch 1 are welded and connected, and the outer layer of the radio frequency connector 7 is fixedly connected to the metal base plate 3 .

The principle of realizing the low profile characteristic of the antenna in this embodiment is as follows: by opening the second metal short-circuit pin 6 at the edge of the dielectric substrate 2 , the edge of the dielectric substrate 2 is equivalent to an ideal electric wall, so that the electromagnetic wave can pass through the dielectric substrate 2 . The cavity propagation between the upper and lower surfaces and the second metal shorting pin 6 reduces the cross-sectional size of the antenna. The principle of realizing circular polarization characteristics: by adjusting the first metal short-circuit pin 4 to change the resonance frequency of the TM _0,1/2 mode, using two orthogonal modes TM _0,1/2 mode and TM _1,1/2 mode achieve circular polarization.

In Embodiment 2, the application effect of the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with simulation.

1. Simulation content

Please refer to Figure 3 to Figure 7. The port reflection coefficient, antenna pattern and gain of the antenna in Example 1 are simulated using simulation software.

2. Simulation results

Fig. 3 is the reflection coefficient curve diagram of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna port of the present invention, Fig. 4 is the axial ratio curve diagram of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna of the present invention, it can be seen that the port The frequency band with the reflection coefficient lower than -10dB is 2.69GHz-2.84GHz, accounting for 5.4%, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 2.76GHz-2.80GHz, accounting for 1.4%. The characteristic of circular polarization of the antenna is well realized, which can meet the requirements of the satellite navigation system for circular polarization.

5 is a Phi=90° plane pattern of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna of the present invention at a low frequency of 2.78 GHz, and FIG. 6 is a diagram of the ultra-thin half-walled short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna of the present invention at a low frequency of 2.78 GHz Phi=0° plane pattern, it can be seen that the antenna has a stable top radiation pattern, and the half-power beam width reaches 110 degrees, which is beneficial to be applied to satellite communication systems.

Figure 7 shows the gain variation of the ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna port of the present invention. It can be concluded that the gain is greater than 4dBic within the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of 2.76GHz-2.80GHz, and the gain conforms to the antenna size.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides an ultra-thin half wall short circuit circular polarization top radiation antenna which characterized in that: comprises a rectangular radiation microstrip patch (1), a dielectric substrate (2), a metal bottom plate (3), a first metal short circuit pin (4) and a radio frequency connector (7), the rectangular radiation microstrip patch (1) is attached to one side surface of the dielectric substrate (2), the other side surface of the medium substrate (2) is fixedly connected with the metal bottom plate (3), the first metal short circuit pins (4) are provided with four metal short circuit pins which penetrate through the rectangular radiation microstrip patch (1), the dielectric substrate (2) and the metal bottom plate (3) and are connected with the metal bottom plate (3), the radio frequency connector (7) is arranged on the other side of the metal bottom plate (3) opposite to the medium substrate (2), a coaxial probe (8) in the radio frequency joint (7) penetrates through the medium substrate (2) and is connected with the rectangular radiation microstrip patch (1) in a welding manner;

the rectangular radiation microstrip patch (1) is provided with a linear groove (5) with the length of 0.15 lambda, and no metal element is arranged in the linear groove (5);

the dielectric substrate (2) is a substrate sheet based on the forming principle of a substrate integrated waveguide, and a row of second metal short circuit pins (6) are arranged on the dielectric substrate (2) along the edge of the rectangular radiation microstrip patch (1);

the thickness of the dielectric substrate (2) is less than 0.028 lambda;

the length of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch (1) is 0.46 lambda, and the width of the rectangular radiating microstrip patch is 0.23 lambda;

the radius of the first metal short circuit pin (4) is 1.2mm, and the distance between the first metal short circuit pin and the first metal short circuit pin is set to be 0.5 mm.

2. The ultra-thin half-wall short-circuit circularly polarized top radiating antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer layer of said rf connector (7) is fixedly connected to said metal base plate (3).

Images