CN110455257A - Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, measurement of higher degree system and method - Google Patents
Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, measurement of higher degree system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It the present invention relates to measurement of higher degree technology, solves at present in the measurement of higher degree, the problem of dangerous, instrument that installs instruments is easy to be damaged, at high cost and heavy workload.Technical solution is summarized are as follows: Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, measurement of higher degree system and method, measuring instrument one is installed on working base point, measuring instrument two is installed on test point, sighting device is installed on deformation measuring point, bilateral observation is carried out by measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two and calculates Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, then sighting device is observed by measuring instrument one, is based on calculated Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, the elevation of corresponding deformation measuring point is calculated by triangulated height method.Beneficial effect is: the invention avoids the danger to install instruments and instrument to be risk of damage to, and reduces costs and workload.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement of higher degree technologies, in particular to based on the measurement of higher degree technology of triangulated height method.
Background technique
The dimensional deformation of measurement building, side slope etc. is mainly using conventional geodesic method, the wherein measurement of higher degree at present
Using Levelling method or triangulated height method, in triangulated height method, need to be added spheric and atmospheric aberration correction value, to eliminate spheric and atmospheric aberration
Influence, to obtain more accurate altitude data, and spheric and atmospheric aberration is then influenced by Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient.
Currently in order to eliminating spheric and atmospheric aberration influence is then all to install instruments to carry out opposite sight on working base point and deformation measuring point
It surveys, but since deformation measuring point is typically in the unstable positions such as landslide, cliff, high steep building, it can not be on deformation measuring point
It installs instruments, it is also abnormally dangerous during installation even if mountable instrument, and instrument is also easy to be damaged, in addition, due to deformation
The quantity of measuring point is generally more, not only at high cost if installed instruments on each deformation measuring point, but also heavy workload.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve at present in the measurement of higher degree, and the dangerous, instrument that installs instruments is easy to be damaged, at high cost and work
Big problem is measured, a kind of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, measurement of higher degree system and method are provided.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: installing measuring instrument one on preset working base point, measuring instrument is installed on preset test point
Two, and default IA、VA、IBAnd VB；Wherein, IAFor the distance between the observation point of working base point and measuring instrument one, VAFor work
The distance between the aiming point of basic point and measuring instrument one, IBFor the distance between the observation point of test point and measuring instrument two, VB
For the distance between the aiming point of test point and measuring instrument two；
Step 2: obtaining observation data one by the aiming point that the observation point of measuring instrument one observes measuring instrument two, lead to
The aiming point for crossing the observation point observation measuring instrument one of measuring instrument two obtains observation data two；
Step 3: according to observation data one, IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation data two, VAAnd IBIt is calculated
HBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；Wherein, HABFor the height difference of working base point to test point,
HBAFor the height difference of test point to working base point, horizontal distance of the D between working base point and test point；
Step 4: calculating the discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth, calculation formula is used: F=HAB+
HBA；Wherein, F is the discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth；
Step 5: calculating Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, calculation formula is used:Wherein, K is SEQUENCING VERTICAL
Refraction coefficient, R are earth mean radius of curvature.
As advanced optimizing, if: D1Between the observation point of measuring instrument one and the aiming point of measuring instrument two away from
From D2For the observation point of measuring instrument two and the distance between the aiming point of measuring instrument one, a is the observation from measuring instrument one
The vertical angle of the aiming point of point observation measuring instrument two, b are to observe sighting for measuring instrument one from the observation point of measuring instrument two
The vertical angle of point；
The observation data one include D1And a, the observation data two include D2And b；According to D in the step 31、a、
IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculation formula is using HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula
Using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-VA。
Measurement of higher degree system, based on above-mentioned Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, including data processing equipment, measurement
Instrument one, measuring instrument two and at least one sighting device, the measuring instrument two can be used as a sighting device, the number
According to processing equipment respectively with two connection communication of measuring instrument one and measuring instrument；
The measuring instrument one is mounted on preset working base point, for observing measuring instrument respectively by itself observation point
The aiming point of the aiming point of device two and each sighting device, and the aiming point and each photograph of measuring instrument two will be observed respectively
The resulting observation data of the aiming point of quasi- equipment are sent to data processing equipment；
The measuring instrument two is mounted on preset test point, for observing measuring instrument one by itself observation point
Aiming point, and resulting observation data will be observed and be sent to data processing equipment；
The sighting device is mounted on preset deformation measuring point, for providing aiming point so that measuring instrument one is seen
It surveys；
The data processing equipment is used for according to observation data one and preset IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation
Data two and preset VAAnd IBH is calculatedBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；According to
Formula F=HAB+HBAThe discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth is calculated；According to formula
Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is calculated to update the Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient of its storage inside；For any deformation measuring point,
Data processing equipment is used to observe sighting for sighting device that the deformation measuring point is installed according to from the observation point of measuring instrument one
Point resulting observation data, the calculated spheric and atmospheric aberration of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, I based on storage insideA, preset work base
The distance between aiming point and the deformation measuring point of the sighting device that the elevation and the preset deformation measuring point of point are installed, pass through
The elevation of the deformation measuring point is calculated in triangulated height method.
As advanced optimizing, the observation data one include D1And a, the observation data two include D2And b；The number
It is used for according to processing equipment according to D1、a、IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculation formula is using HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、
VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-VA。
As advanced optimizing, any deformation measuring point is met: the distance between the deformation measuring point and test point are less than
Or it is equal to 150 meters；Working base point is respectively to two direction lines projection institute shape in the horizontal plane of test point and the deformation measuring point
At angle size be less than or equal to 10 °；Working base point to test point vertical angle size and working base point to the deformation
Difference between the size of the vertical angle of measuring point is less than or equal to 10 °.
Measurement of higher degree method, based on above-mentioned measurement of higher degree system, including equipment installation section, Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient
Update part and measurement of higher degree part；
The equipment installation section includes:
Measuring instrument one is installed on preset working base point, measuring instrument two is installed on preset test point, pre-
If each deformation measuring point on sighting device is installed respectively；
The Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient update part the following steps are included:
Step S1, measuring instrument one observes the aiming point of measuring instrument two by itself observation point, and will observe resulting
Observation data one are sent to data processing equipment；Measuring instrument two observes the aiming point of measuring instrument one by itself observation point,
And resulting observation data two will be observed and be sent to data processing equipment；
Step S2, data processing equipment is according to observation data one and preset IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation
Data two and preset VAAnd IBH is calculatedBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；
Step S3, data processing equipment is according to formula F=HAB+HBAMeasuring instrument one is calculated and measuring instrument two is past
Return the discrepancy of measurement；
Step S4, data processing equipment is according to formulaVertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is calculated to update it
The Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient of storage inside；
Step S5, step S1 is repeated to step S4；
The measurement of higher degree part includes:
For any deformation measuring point, measuring instrument one is set by itself observation point sighting of observing that the deformation measuring point installed
Standby aiming point, and will observe resulting observation data and be sent to data processing equipment, then data processing equipment is according to from survey
The observation point of measuring appratus one observes the resulting observation data of aiming point for the sighting device that the deformation measuring point is installed, based on inside
The calculated spheric and atmospheric aberration of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, the I of storageA, preset working base point elevation and the preset deformation survey
The distance between aiming point and the deformation measuring point of the installed sighting device of point, are calculated the deformation by triangulated height method
The elevation of measuring point.
As advanced optimizing, the observation data one include D1And a, the observation data two include D2And b；The step
Data processing equipment is according to D in rapid S21、a、IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculation formula is using HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to
D2、b、VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-VA。
As advanced optimizing, any deformation measuring point is met: the distance between the deformation measuring point and test point are less than
Or it is equal to 150 meters；Working base point is respectively to two direction lines projection institute shape in the horizontal plane of test point and the deformation measuring point
At angle size be less than or equal to 10 °；Working base point to test point vertical angle size and working base point to the deformation
Difference between the size of the vertical angle of measuring point is less than or equal to 10 °.
Beneficial effect is: the present invention is provided with test point on the basis of working base point and deformation measuring point, passes through the base that works
The instrument installed on point and test point carries out bilateral observation and Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is calculated, then by working base point
The sighting device installed on the Instrument observation deformation measuring point of installation, obtains the elevation of deformation measuring point based on triangulated height method.In this way
One, do not need to install instruments on each deformation measuring point, sighting device only need to be installed, avoid install instruments it is dangerous with
And instrument is risk of damage to, and is reduced costs and workload, test point can choose in stable position, if condition
Permission can also be relatively preferable as test point, such as a certain its evaluated stability of deformation measuring point using a certain deformation measuring point, so that it may
The deformation measuring point to be installed instruments as test point.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the aiming point that the present invention observes measuring instrument two by the observation point of measuring instrument one.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the aiming point that the present invention observes measuring instrument one by the observation point of measuring instrument two.
Wherein, A is working base point, A1It is the observation point of measuring instrument one, A2It is the aiming point of measuring instrument one, IAIt is work
Make the distance between the observation point of basic point Yu measuring instrument one, VABe between working base point and the aiming point of measuring instrument one away from
From B is test point, B1It is the observation point of measuring instrument two, B2It is the aiming point of measuring instrument two, IBIt is test point and measuring instrument
The distance between the observation point of device two, VBFor the distance between the aiming point of test point and measuring instrument two, D be working base point with
Horizontal distance between test point, D1It is the observation point of measuring instrument one and the distance between the aiming point of measuring instrument two, D2For
The observation point of measuring instrument two and the distance between the aiming point of measuring instrument one, a are to observe from the observation point of measuring instrument one
The vertical angle of the aiming point of measuring instrument two, b are from the perpendicular of the aiming point of the observation point of measuring instrument two observation measuring instrument one
Right angle, HABFor the height difference of working base point to test point, HBAFor the height difference of test point to working base point.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is specifically described below.
Firstly, the present invention provides a kind of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: installing measuring instrument one on preset working base point, measuring instrument is installed on preset test point
Two, and default IA、VA、IBAnd VB；Wherein, IAFor the distance between the observation point of working base point and measuring instrument one, VAFor work
The distance between the aiming point of basic point and measuring instrument one, IBFor the distance between the observation point of test point and measuring instrument two, VB
For the distance between the aiming point of test point and measuring instrument two；
Step 2: obtaining observation data one by the aiming point that the observation point of measuring instrument one observes measuring instrument two, lead to
The aiming point for crossing the observation point observation measuring instrument one of measuring instrument two obtains observation data two；
Step 3: according to observation data one, IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation data two, VAAnd IBIt is calculated
HBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；Wherein, HABFor the height difference of working base point to test point,
HBAFor the height difference of test point to working base point, horizontal distance of the D between working base point and test point；
Step 4: calculating the discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth, calculation formula is used: F=HAB+
HBA；Wherein, F is the discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth；HABIt is to observe measuring by measuring instrument one
Instrument two simultaneously calculates height difference of the resulting working base point to test point, HBAIt is to observe measuring instrument by measuring instrument two to count together
Calculate resulting test point to working base point height difference, theoretically for, carry out the obtained H of bilateral observationABWith HBAIt should size phase
Deng, symbol on the contrary, but due to the influence of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient so that HABWith HBASize and unequal, HABWith HBAIt is added
It is not zero；
Step 5: calculating Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, calculation formula is used:Wherein, K is SEQUENCING VERTICAL
Refraction coefficient, R are earth mean radius of curvature；Calculation formula based on spheric and atmospheric aberration is counter is pushed away, and is measured above-mentioned back and forth
Discrepancy calculates Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient as spheric and atmospheric aberration correction value.
In above-mentioned Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, by working base point and test point installation measuring instrument into
Row bilateral observation, such as total station, thus the SEQUENCING VERTICAL folding for obtaining the Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient at corresponding moment, and obtaining
The restricted application of backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio in three-dimensional space.
Above-mentioned Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method is advanced optimized, specifically may is that based on basic three
Angular dependence, HABAnd HBACalculation there are many, Ke Yishe: D1For the observation point of measuring instrument one and sighting for measuring instrument two
The distance between point, D2For the observation point of measuring instrument two and the distance between the aiming point of measuring instrument one, a is from measuring instrument
The vertical angle of the aiming point of the observation point observation measuring instrument two of device one, b is to observe measuring instrument from the observation point of measuring instrument two
The vertical angle of the aiming point of device one；
As shown in Figure 1, in above-mentioned steps two sighting for measuring instrument two can be observed by the observation point of measuring instrument one
Point obtains D1And a, as shown in Fig. 2, obtaining D by the aiming point that the observation point of measuring instrument two observes measuring instrument one2And b；On
It states in step 3 according to D1、a、IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculation formula is using HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、VAWith
IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-VA.H is calculated by above-mentioned calculationABAnd HBAMore
It is simple and fast, and be readily appreciated that.
Then, based on above-mentioned Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, the present invention provides a kind of measurement of higher degree system, should
System includes data processing equipment, measuring instrument one, measuring instrument two and at least one sighting device, two energy of measuring instrument
Enough be used as a sighting device, the data processing equipment respectively with two connection communication of measuring instrument one and measuring instrument；
The measuring instrument one is mounted on preset working base point, for observing measuring instrument respectively by itself observation point
The aiming point of the aiming point of device two and each sighting device, and the aiming point and each photograph of measuring instrument two will be observed respectively
The resulting observation data of the aiming point of quasi- equipment are sent to data processing equipment；
The measuring instrument two is mounted on preset test point, for observing measuring instrument one by itself observation point
Aiming point, and resulting observation data will be observed and be sent to data processing equipment；
The sighting device is mounted on preset deformation measuring point, for providing aiming point so that measuring instrument one is seen
It surveys；
The data processing equipment is used for according to observation data one and preset IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation
Data two and preset VAAnd IBH is calculatedBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；According to
Formula F=HAB+HBAThe discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth is calculated；According to formula
Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is calculated to update the Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient of its storage inside；For any deformation measuring point,
Data processing equipment is used to observe sighting for sighting device that the deformation measuring point is installed according to from the observation point of measuring instrument one
Point resulting observation data, the calculated spheric and atmospheric aberration of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, I based on storage insideA, preset work base
The distance between aiming point and the deformation measuring point of the sighting device that the elevation and the preset deformation measuring point of point are installed, pass through
The elevation of the deformation measuring point is calculated in triangulated height method.
Above-mentioned measurement of higher degree system carries out bilateral observation by the instrument installed on working base point and test point and calculates
Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is obtained, then the Instrument observation by installing on working base point deforms the sighting device installed on measuring point,
The elevation of deformation measuring point can be obtained using existing triangulated height method, but due to above-mentioned calculated Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient
Restricted application in three-dimensional space, if therefore expect deformation the accurate altitude data of measuring point, to deformation measuring point locating for
Space bit be equipped with certain requirement, in addition, measuring instrument two can be used as a sighting device, a certain deformation can be surveyed
Point is used as test point, and related personnel can be according to stability, the complexity to install instruments in deformation measuring point etc. of deformation measuring point
Actual conditions determine, such as a certain its evaluated stability of deformation measuring point is relatively preferable, so that it may using the deformation measuring point as inspection
Measuring point installs instruments.
Above-mentioned measurement of higher degree system is advanced optimized, specifically may is that
On the one hand, the aiming point that above-mentioned measuring instrument one is used to observe measuring instrument two by itself observation point obtains D1With
A, D1It is observation data one with a, the measuring instrument two is used to observe the aiming point of measuring instrument one by itself observation point
Obtain D2And b, D2It is observation data two with b；The data processing equipment is used for according to D1、a、IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculate
Formula uses HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-
VA。
On the other hand, the restricted application due to above-mentioned calculated Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient in three-dimensional space,
Deform the accurate altitude data of measuring point in order to obtain, can satisfy following status requirement for any deformation measuring point: the deformation is surveyed
The distance between point and test point are less than or equal to 150 meters；Working base point is respectively to two sides of test point and the deformation measuring point
The size for being formed by angle to the projection of line in the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 10 °；Working base point to test point vertical angle
Size and working base point to the difference between the size of the vertical angle of the deformation measuring point be less than or equal to 10 °.
Based on above-mentioned measurement of higher degree system, the present invention provides a kind of measurement of higher degree method, including equipment installation accordingly
Partially, Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient update part and measurement of higher degree part；
The equipment installation section includes:
Measuring instrument one is installed on preset working base point, measuring instrument two is installed on preset test point, pre-
If each deformation measuring point on sighting device is installed respectively；
The Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient update part the following steps are included:
Step S1, measuring instrument one observes the aiming point of measuring instrument two by itself observation point, and will observe resulting
Observation data one are sent to data processing equipment；Measuring instrument two observes the aiming point of measuring instrument one by itself observation point,
And resulting observation data two will be observed and be sent to data processing equipment；
Step S2, data processing equipment is according to observation data one and preset IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation
Data two and preset VAAnd IBH is calculatedBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；
Step S3, data processing equipment is according to formula F=HAB+HBAMeasuring instrument one is calculated and measuring instrument two is past
Return the discrepancy of measurement；
Step S4, data processing equipment is according to formulaVertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is calculated to update it
The Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient of storage inside；
Step S5, step S1 is repeated to step S4；
The measurement of higher degree part includes:
For any deformation measuring point, measuring instrument one is set by itself observation point sighting of observing that the deformation measuring point installed
Standby aiming point, and will observe resulting observation data and be sent to data processing equipment, then data processing equipment is according to from survey
The observation point of measuring appratus one observes the resulting observation data of aiming point for the sighting device that the deformation measuring point is installed, based on inside
The calculated spheric and atmospheric aberration of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, the I of storageA, preset working base point elevation and the preset deformation survey
The distance between aiming point and the deformation measuring point of the installed sighting device of point, are calculated the deformation by triangulated height method
The elevation of measuring point.
Above-mentioned measurement of higher degree method includes three parts, is first installed at various locations by equipment installation section corresponding
Equipment, then by Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient update part it is real-time, or timing, or measurement deform measuring point elevation before calculate
And Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is updated, the elevation of deformation measuring point is then calculated by measurement of higher degree part again.
Above-mentioned measurement of higher degree method is advanced optimized, specifically may is that
On the one hand, it includes D that data one are observed in above-mentioned steps S11And a, i.e. measuring instrument one are observed by itself observation point
The aiming point of measuring instrument two obtains D1And a, observation data two include D2And b, i.e. measuring instrument two are observed by itself observation point
The aiming point of measuring instrument one obtains D2And b；Data processing equipment is according to D in step S21、a、IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculate public
Formula uses HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-
VA。
On the other hand, the restricted application due to above-mentioned calculated Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient in three-dimensional space,
Deform the accurate altitude data of measuring point in order to obtain, can satisfy following status requirement for any deformation measuring point: the deformation is surveyed
The distance between point and test point are less than or equal to 150 meters；Working base point is respectively to two sides of test point and the deformation measuring point
The size for being formed by angle to the projection of line in the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 10 °；Working base point to test point vertical angle
Size and working base point to the difference between the size of the vertical angle of the deformation measuring point be less than or equal to 10 °.
Claims (8)
1. Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: installing measuring instrument one on preset working base point, measuring instrument two is installed on preset test point, and
Default IA、VA、IBAnd VB；Wherein, IAFor the distance between the observation point of working base point and measuring instrument one, VAFor working base point with
The distance between the aiming point of measuring instrument one, IBFor the distance between the observation point of test point and measuring instrument two, VBFor detection
The distance between point and the aiming point of measuring instrument two；
Step 2: obtaining observation data one by the aiming point that the observation point of measuring instrument one observes measuring instrument two, pass through survey
The aiming point of the observation point observation measuring instrument one of measuring appratus two obtains observation data two；
Step 3: according to observation data one, IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation data two, VAAnd IBH is calculatedBA；Root
D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；Wherein, HABFor the height difference of working base point to test point, HBAFor inspection
Height difference of the measuring point to working base point, horizontal distance of the D between working base point and test point；
Step 4: calculating the discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth, calculation formula is used: F=HAB+HBA；
Wherein, F is the discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth；
Step 5: calculating Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, calculation formula is used:Wherein, K is Vertical atmosphere re- fraction
Coefficient, R are earth mean radius of curvature.
2. Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
If: D1For the observation point of measuring instrument one and the distance between the aiming point of measuring instrument two, D2For the sight of measuring instrument two
The distance between the aiming point of measuring point and measuring instrument one, a are the photograph that measuring instrument two is observed from the observation point of measuring instrument one
Vertical angle on schedule, b are the vertical angle that the aiming point of measuring instrument one is observed from the observation point of measuring instrument two；
The observation data one include D1And a, the observation data two include D2And b；According to D in the step 31、a、IAAnd VB
Calculate HAB, calculation formula is using HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA
=D2×Sinb+IB-VA。
3. measurement of higher degree system is based on Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient detection method of any of claims 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
Including data processing equipment, measuring instrument one, measuring instrument two and at least one sighting device, the measuring instrument two can be made
For a sighting device, the data processing equipment respectively with two connection communication of measuring instrument one and measuring instrument；
The measuring instrument one is mounted on preset working base point, for observing measuring instrument two respectively by itself observation point
Aiming point and each sighting device aiming point, and respectively by observe measuring instrument two aiming point and each sight set
The resulting observation data of standby aiming point are sent to data processing equipment；
The measuring instrument two is mounted on preset test point, for observing sighting for measuring instrument one by itself observation point
Point, and resulting observation data will be observed and be sent to data processing equipment；
The sighting device is mounted on preset deformation measuring point, for providing aiming point so that measuring instrument one is observed；
The data processing equipment is used for according to observation data one and preset IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation data
Two and preset VAAnd IBH is calculatedBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；According to formula
F=HAB+HBAThe discrepancy that measuring instrument one and measuring instrument two measure back and forth is calculated；According to formulaIt calculates
Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is obtained to update the Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient of its storage inside；For any deformation measuring point, data
Processing equipment is used for according to the aiming point institute for observing the sighting device that the deformation measuring point is installed from the observation point of measuring instrument one
Observation data, the calculated spheric and atmospheric aberration of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, I based on storage insideA, preset working base point
The distance between aiming point and the deformation measuring point of the sighting device that elevation and the preset deformation measuring point are installed, pass through triangle
The elevation of the deformation measuring point is calculated in elevation method.
4. measurement of higher degree system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the observation data one include D1And a, the sight
Measured data two includes D2And b；The data processing equipment is used for according to D1、a、IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculation formula is using HAB=
D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-VA。
5. measurement of higher degree system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that any deformation measuring point is met: the deformation is surveyed
The distance between point and test point are less than or equal to 150 meters；Working base point is respectively to two sides of test point and the deformation measuring point
The size for being formed by angle to the projection of line in the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 10 °；Working base point to test point vertical angle
Size and working base point to the difference between the size of the vertical angle of the deformation measuring point be less than or equal to 10 °.
6. measurement of higher degree method is based on the described in any item measurement of higher degree systems of claim 3-5, which is characterized in that including setting
Standby installation section, Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient update part and measurement of higher degree part；
The equipment installation section includes:
Measuring instrument one is installed on preset working base point, measuring instrument two is installed on preset test point, preset
Sighting device is installed respectively on each deformation measuring point；
The Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient update part the following steps are included:
Step S1, measuring instrument one observes the aiming point of measuring instrument two by itself observation point, and will observe resulting observation
Data one are sent to data processing equipment；Measuring instrument two observes the aiming point of measuring instrument one by itself observation point, and will
It observes resulting observation data two and is sent to data processing equipment；
Step S2, data processing equipment is according to observation data one and preset IAAnd VBH is calculatedAB；According to observation data two
And preset VAAnd IBH is calculatedBA；D is calculated according to observation data one or according to observation data two；
Step S3, data processing equipment is according to formula F=HAB+HBAMeasuring instrument one is calculated and measuring instrument two measures back and forth
Discrepancy；
Step S4, data processing equipment is according to formulaVertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient is calculated to update inside it
The Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient of storage；
Step S5, step S1 is repeated to step S4；
The measurement of higher degree part includes:
For any deformation measuring point, measuring instrument one observes sighting device that the deformation measuring point is installed by itself observation point
Aiming point, and will observe resulting observation data and be sent to data processing equipment, then data processing equipment is according to from measuring instrument
The observation point of device one observes the resulting observation data of aiming point for the sighting device that the deformation measuring point is installed, based on storage inside
The calculated spheric and atmospheric aberration of Vertical atmosphere re- fraction coefficient, IA, preset working base point elevation and the preset deformation measuring point institute
The deformation measuring point is calculated by triangulated height method in the distance between the aiming point of the sighting device of installation and the deformation measuring point
Elevation.
7. measurement of higher degree method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the observation data one include D1And a, the sight
Measured data two includes D2And b；Data processing equipment is according to D in the step S21、a、IAAnd VBCalculate HAB, calculation formula use
HAB=D1×Sina+IA-VB, according to D2、b、VAAnd IBCalculate HBA, calculation formula is using HBA=D2×Sinb+IB-VA。
8. measurement of higher degree method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that any deformation measuring point is met: the deformation is surveyed
The distance between point and test point are less than or equal to 150 meters；Working base point is respectively to two sides of test point and the deformation measuring point
The size for being formed by angle to the projection of line in the horizontal plane is less than or equal to 10 °；Working base point to test point vertical angle
Size and working base point to the difference between the size of the vertical angle of the deformation measuring point be less than or equal to 10 °.
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