CN110454772A - An inclined feed type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oblique feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace, in which a feed bin, a biomass combustion furnace body, a heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace, and a tail gas purification device are all installed on a movable base; The upper part of the silo is a fire-proof and heat-insulating partition, and the bottom of the feeding silo is equipped with a primary feeding device. The tail of the primary feeding device is connected to the biomass combustion furnace body through the secondary feeding device; The heat and waste heat utilization device, the heat exchange outside the furnace and the waste heat utilization device are connected to the tail gas purification device; the furnace body of the biomass combustion furnace is equipped with a furnace heat exchanger; An automatic door closer is also installed on the bulkhead. The combustion furnace has the characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection and automatic operation, and will have broad prospects in the application of heating in rural areas in mountainous areas of our country.

Description

An inclined feed type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace

technical field

The invention relates to a biomass scrap combustion equipment, in particular to an inclined feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace.

Background technique

Biomass combustion furnace has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, energy saving, etc., high thermal efficiency, low smoke and dust emissions, also known as high-efficiency low-emission furnace, can burn biomass (firewood, straw, sawdust, chaff, leaves, etc.), or biomass Co-firing with coal. The biomass combustion furnace first gasifies the biomass entering the high-temperature furnace to generate combustible gas. The combustible gas is efficiently burned under the action of the secondary air, so as to improve the thermal efficiency of the furnace and reduce the emission of smoke and dust.

At present, collective heating has not been realized in the vast northern regions of our country, especially in the rural areas of the northwest region, and the households are scattered and sparse. The cost of laying pipelines to realize collective heating is very high, and the maintenance is inconvenient. Considering that the agricultural and forestry biomass fuels in the above-mentioned areas are sufficient, according to statistics, the straw produced in China has exceeded 900 million tons per year. As a renewable energy source, agricultural and forestry biomass such as straws and branches has the characteristics of large amount, wide distribution, low sulfur, low nitrogen, etc. Advantages, agricultural and forestry biomass is the only carbon source that can be stored and transported in the field of renewable energy, with low sulfur and nitrogen content, less SO _x and NO _x generated during combustion, and less environmental pollution; CO ₂ in the entire life cycle Zero emission; low ash content, less fly ash and ash after full combustion; high volatile content, excellent ignition and combustion performance; wide distribution of resources, rich total amount that can be used on an industrial scale, and many other advantages. If qualified and efficient biomass combustion equipment is used together, the concentration of SO ₂ emitted is lower than that of natural gas; after dust removal facilities are installed, the emission of soot and _NOx can meet the emission standards of light oil, so biomass fuel is a clean, Renewable, environmentally friendly fuel. The research and development of advanced combustion equipment for agricultural and forestry biomass has become one of the key areas of focus for countries in the world in recent decades.

The use of agricultural and forestry biomass scraps for direct combustion will greatly reduce fuel costs and has a very good market application prospect. In order to meet the needs of agricultural and forestry biomass combustion equipment for continuous and stable combustion and easy adjustment of combustion conditions, agricultural and forestry biomass scraps usually need to be fed continuously. However, compared with solid fuels such as pulverized coal, coal lumps, and biomass briquetting fuels, agricultural and forestry biomass scraps generally have irregular sizes, more branches and leaves, and hairy edges, which are prone to entanglement and bridging, making it impossible to use similar fuels. Air carries pulverized coal feed, and coal, biomass briquette fuel, etc. use gravity feed.

When the agricultural and forestry biomass scraps need to be fed continuously, the main technical difficulty lies in: due to its loose structure, the ignition temperature is low, and the flame in the combustion equipment is easy to flow back to the outlet of the feeding device when the feeding speed is slow Partly, it causes the tempering phenomenon of agricultural and forestry waste scraps during the feeding process, which poses a large safety hazard. In addition, for agricultural and forestry biomass fragments with a relatively loose structure, it is also prone to smoke back in the silo during the feeding process, polluting the working environment and endangering the health of operators. Therefore, in order to promote the industrial direct combustion utilization of agricultural and forestry biomass scraps, it is necessary to focus on overcoming the problems of anti-tempering and anti-smoke in the continuous feeding process of agricultural and forestry biomass scraps.

CN 107940443 A discloses a biomass combustion furnace, comprising: a fire grate assembly obliquely arranged in the furnace along the longitudinal direction from the feed inlet of the furnace to the bottom of the furnace. The fire grate assembly includes a non-porous fire grate unit with a fixed slope adjacent to the feed inlet, and a perforated fire grate unit with an adjustable slope connected to the non-porous fire grate unit. The non-porous fire grate unit includes several non-porous fire grate pieces connected in sequence; the perforated fire grate unit includes several perforated fire grate pieces connected in sequence.

CN 107843002 A discloses a biomass combustion furnace, which includes a raw material crushing device, a feeding device, a combustion furnace body, a water circulation device, a smoke exhaust pipe, a heat exchange pipe and an air inlet pipe. The raw material crushing device includes a control mechanism, A crushing mechanism, a first vibrating screen, a second vibrating screen, a conveying mechanism and a turning mechanism. The first vibrating screen and the second vibrating screen classify and screen the incompletely crushed materials to improve the screening accuracy, and the materials are sent to the crushing mechanism again through the transmission mechanism and the turning mechanism to avoid the incompletely crushed materials from directly entering the combustion The combustion is carried out in the furnace, which improves the combustion efficiency, and the whole process is automatically controlled without manpower.

To sum up, the biomass combustion furnaces currently on the market mainly burn biomass briquettes, and its structure is generally that there is an inclined feed pipe between the feeding part and the furnace hearth of the combustion furnace. The biomass briquettes are under the action of gravity This structure can realize the function of anti-backfire and anti-smoke, but this structure is not suitable for burning biomass scrap fuel. Therefore, it is of great economic and social significance to actively develop a burner suitable for agricultural and forestry biomass scraps to provide stable, reliable, green, and high-quality heat sources for the fields of chemical industry, metallurgy, ceramics, clothing, drying, and heating.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to design a combustion furnace suitable for the combustion of agricultural and forestry biomass scraps, which adopts an inclined feeding method, has the function of preventing backfire and preventing smoke return, adopts a dust removal device to remove dust from flue gas, and utilizes a waste heat recovery device to recover waste heat of flue gas, which has The advantages of high thermal efficiency and low emission of particulate matter.

The technical scheme that the present invention specifically adopts is:

An inclined feed type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace, including a feed bin, a biomass combustion furnace body, an external heat exchange and waste heat utilization device, and a tail gas purification device; a feed bin, a biomass combustion furnace body, The heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace and the exhaust gas purification device are all installed on a movable base;

The fire-proof and heat-insulating partition on the upper part of the feeding bin, the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a primary feeding device, and the tail of the primary feeding device is connected to the body of the biomass burning furnace through the secondary feeding device; the biomass burning furnace The outlet of the furnace body is connected to the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace, and the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace is connected to the exhaust gas purification device; the furnace body of the biomass combustion furnace is equipped with a furnace heat exchanger;

The fire-proof and heat-insulating partition is installed on the upper end of the feed bin, and an automatic door closer is installed on the fire-proof and heat-insulating partition, and the closing method is controlled by the automatic door closer;

The secondary feeding device includes an external feeding pipe, and the external feeding pipe has a tapered inner diameter; shape.

The furnace body of the biomass combustion furnace is provided with a heat exchanger in the furnace, and below the heat exchanger in the furnace is an inclined distribution grate; the inclined distribution grate is connected to the manual adjustment device for the grate; fan, igniter, and horizontal reciprocating grate; the horizontal reciprocating grate is connected to the joystick, and a fixed plate is arranged under the horizontal reciprocating grate, and the lower part of the fixed plate is an ash hopper; the biomass burning furnace The furnace state observation port is arranged on the front of the furnace body to observe the combustion state in the furnace;

The manual adjustment device for the grate includes a joystick; the joystick is fixedly connected to the tilt adjustment longitudinal rod, and rotating the manual joystick drives the tilt adjustment longitudinal rod to rotate;

The lower end of the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod is hinged with the inclined distribution grate;

The inclination adjustment longitudinal rod is a screw structure, and the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod is provided with a lock nut for locking the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod;

The heat exchanger in the furnace is arranged on the inner wall or upper part of the furnace body of the biomass combustion furnace.

The horizontally reciprocating grate is connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is movably installed at the bottom of the biomass burning furnace body, and the horizontally reciprocating rotating grate reciprocates along with the rotating shaft.

The fixed plate is provided with large holes and grooves, and there is a gap between the fixed plate and the horizontally reciprocating fire grate.

The fan is connected with the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace through pipelines.

The ash hopper bin is an inclined inner bin of 15° to 30°, which is opposite to the inclination direction of the inclined distribution grate; a scraper is provided on the higher side of the ash bin, and the scraper is connected to the rotating shaft, and the scraper It is not in direct contact with the ash hopper; the lower side of the ash hopper is provided with an ash outlet, and the middle and upper part of the ash hopper has a natural ventilation opening.

The closing method of the fire-proof and heat-insulating partition is controlled by an automatic door closer, which can be an automatic hydraulic door closer or an electric door closer, preferably an electric door closer. The fire-proof and heat-insulating partition is normally open. When the sensor in the feed bin detects that the feed bin is on fire, the automatic door closer is controlled by the control system to close the fire-proof and heat-insulating partition in time to prevent the fire from spreading.

The primary feeding device can be a screw type feeding device, a piston type feeding device, a belt conveyor type feeding device, preferably a screw type feeding device; the angle between the primary feeding device and the base can be - 45°～45°.

In the secondary feeding device, the external feeding pipe is tapered, with a tapering angle of 0.5° to 10°, and the furnace feed port is in the shape of a trumpet, and the expansion angle can be 45° to 60°, which can solve the problem of The problem of tempering and returning smoke during feeding; the secondary feeding device can be a screw type feeding device, a piston type feeding device, a belt conveying type feeding device, preferably a screw type feeding device; the secondary feeding device and the production The included angle of the material combustion furnace body is -70°～70°; the secondary feeding device and the primary feeding device are connected by connecting pieces.

The inclination adjustment longitudinal rod can be a lifting fixed structure, or a screw locking structure, and the screw locking structure is preferred here. The specific work is to turn the manual joystick to drive the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod. The inclination adjustment longitudinal rod has an external thread at the upper end and an internal thread structure at the lower end, and the inclination angle scale of the inclined distribution grate is marked on the upper end. When it rotates to the target inclination angle, use the lock nut Locking, so that the inclination angle of the adjustable inclined distribution grate is fixed at the target value, and the horizontal included angle between the inclined distribution grate and its fixed end varies from 0° to 30°.

The above-mentioned heat exchanger in the furnace can be of a rotary wheel heat exchanger, a heat pipe heat exchanger, an intermediate medium heat exchanger, or a plate-fin heat exchanger. Here, the intermediate medium heat exchanger is preferred, and the medium can be various heat transfer oils, such as water or heat transfer oil, which can be selected according to the user's situation.

The inclined distributing grate above can be circular, square, or radially convex with inclined sides, preferably a radially raised disk with inclined sides. The openings can be designed as intermittent arrangement structure, or as irregular openings, and the openings can be made larger, which solves the problem of dispersing the fuel after feeding, and also provides a combustion bed for the fuel with large particle size and light texture.

The above-mentioned horizontal reciprocating grate is connected with the rotating shaft at the bottom, and reciprocatingly rotates thereupon. It can be manually operated through the joystick connected with the rotating grate, so that the burned ash on the grate falls into the ash hopper. The openings of the horizontal reciprocating grate need to be evenly arranged, and the apertures are small, which is a small particle and heavy biomass bulk combustion bed.

The fixed plate fixes the inner wall of the furnace, has a large opening with a groove, and there is a small gap between the horizontal reciprocating grate and the reciprocating relative movement between the horizontal reciprocating grate and the fixed plate. Make the burnt ash fall into the ash hopper automatically.

The above-mentioned fan can be centrifugal, axial flow, diagonal flow (mixed flow) and cross-flow. The centrifugal fan is preferred here, and the heat exchange outside the furnace and the waste heat utilization device can be connected through pipelines as required to provide combustion. hot air.

Above-mentioned igniter can be plasma ignition device, can light oil (residue oil) ignition oil gun, light oil (diesel oil) ignition oil gun ignition, micro oil (little oil) ignition oil gun, preferably ignition oil gun.

The above-mentioned ash hopper bin is designed as an inclined inner bin of 15°-30°, which is opposite to the inclination direction of the inclined distribution grate, and a scraper connected to the rotating shaft is arranged so that the scraper does not directly contact the ash bin. During operation, through reciprocating rotation, the dispersed ash in the ash hopper is scraped to the ash outlet to achieve the purpose of automatic ash discharge. At the same time, a natural ventilation port is opened in the middle and upper part of the ash hopper to provide a natural wind for the horizontal reciprocating rotation of the grate. Close directly.

The heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace can realize waste heat utilization at the flue gas outlet, and the whole device can be disassembled, and multi-stage heat exchangers can be arranged, such as heating domestic water and preheating air entering the furnace. The heat exchanger can be a heat pipe heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, or a heat pump. Choose according to your needs, if domestic hot water is needed, you can use a heat pipe heat exchanger. One end of the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace is connected to the combustion furnace body, and the other end is connected to the exhaust gas purification device.

The heat exchange and waste heat utilization device outside the furnace is connected to the tail gas purification device, which can be one or more dust removal devices of bag dust removal device, cyclone dust removal device, wet dust removal device, electrostatic dust removal device, desulfurization dust removal device, and gravity dust collector. Cyclone separators are preferred.

The control system of the present invention mainly controls the working operation, status prompt, and fault alarm of the entire combustion furnace, and can set main input parameters, such as the feed amount of the biomass combustion furnace body, the temperature of the heat carrier at the outlet of the heat exchanger in the furnace , indoor temperature, the execution parameters include the rotating speeds of the first electric motor, the second electric motor, and the third electric motor, the commutation frequency of the third electric motor connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating speed of the blower fan, and when a fault occurs, the power supply is automatically cut off to stop running.

The detection system of the present invention is mainly to detect the relevant parameters during the operation of the combustion furnace. The outlet water temperature of the heater reaches the set requirement. Arrange flue gas concentration sensors and temperature sensors in the feed bin. When the flue gas concentration or material temperature exceeds the set value, the information will be transmitted to the controller, an automatic alarm will be activated, and the automatic door closer will be directly activated to close the fire insulation partition and cut off power supply.

The power system adopts three motors, which are installed on the bottom bracket. The first motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the primary feeding device, the second motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the secondary feeding device, and the third motor is connected to the rotating shaft. The frequency of the motor changes the operating speed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The feeding bin is arranged at the bottom of the combustion furnace, without direct contact with the combustion furnace body, through two-stage feeding, and the inner feeding port of the furnace is designed in the shape of a trumpet to solve the problem that the general combustion furnace is fed with biomass bulk material The problem of tempering and smoke that occurs during the operation solves the problem of operational safety. Since the feeding bin is arranged at the bottom of the entire system, it avoids the need to lift the material or add redundant lifting devices when pouring the material into the bin. At the same time Realize the whole feeding automation, saving manpower.

2) The operation of the entire combustion furnace does not require human attention at all times. The entire operation process is realized by the controller, which can realize 24-hour operation, such as: automatic ash discharge, and automatic adjustment of combustion feed according to load requirements. Especially at night, after people have a rest, the combustion furnace needs to run automatically for heating. The faults in the operation process can be fed back in time through the detection sensor, and the controller can make timely adjustments to ensure the safety of personal and property.

3) The biomass combustion furnace can burn biomass bulk materials, biomass shaped particles, and biomass and coal powder mixed particles, plus the combustion method of two-layer combustion grate screening, combined with natural ventilation and forced Ventilation provides sufficient oxygen for fuel combustion to make combustion more complete. At the same time, a waste heat utilization device and a flue gas purification device are arranged at the flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace, so that the entire system has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection.

To sum up, the device has the characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection, and automatic operation, and it will have broad prospects in the application of rural heating in mountainous areas of our country.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the internal sectional view of the hearth of the biomass scrap combustion furnace of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the working process of the present invention is described in further detail.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, an inclined feed type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace includes a feed bin 15, a biomass combustion furnace body 7, a heat exchange and waste heat utilization device 10 outside the furnace, The tail gas purification device 11; the feed bin 15, the biomass burning furnace body 7, the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device 10 outside the furnace, and the tail gas purification device 11 are all installed on the movable base 13;

The upper part of the feed bin 15 is a fire-proof and heat-insulating partition 1, and the bottom of the feed bin 15 is provided with a primary feed device 3, and the tail of the primary feed device 3 is connected to the biomass combustion furnace body 7 through a secondary feed device 4; The outlet of the biomass burning furnace body 7 is connected to the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device 10 outside the furnace, and the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device 10 outside the furnace is connected to the tail gas purification device 11; There is a heat exchanger 8 in the furnace;

The fire-proof and heat-insulating partition 1 is installed on the upper end of the feed bin 15, and the fire-proof and heat-insulating partition 1 is also equipped with an automatic door closer 2, and its closing mode is controlled by the automatic door closer 2;

The secondary feeding device 4 includes an external feeding pipe, and the external feeding pipe has a tapered inner diameter; The mouth is trumpet-shaped.

The furnace body 7 of the biomass combustion furnace is provided with an in-furnace heat exchanger 8, and below the in-furnace heat exchanger 8 is an inclined distribution grate 17; the inclined distribution grate 17 is connected with the grate manual adjustment device; A blower fan 18, an igniter 23, and a horizontally reciprocating grate 19 are arranged below the distributing grate 17; 20, the lower part of the fixed plate 20 is the ash hopper bin 24; the front of the biomass combustion furnace body 7 is arranged with an observation port 9 for observing the combustion state in the furnace;

The grate manual adjustment device includes a joystick 6; the joystick 6 is fixedly connected to the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16, and the rotation of the joystick 6 drives the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16 to rotate;

The lower end of the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16 is hinged with the inclined distribution grate 17,

The inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16 is a screw structure, and the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16 is provided with a locking nut 22 for locking the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16;

The furnace heat exchanger 8 is arranged on the inner wall or upper part of the furnace body 7 of the biomass combustion furnace.

The horizontal reciprocating grate 19 is connected with the rotating shaft 14, and the rotating shaft 14 is movably installed on the bottom of the biomass burning furnace body 7, and the horizontal reciprocating rotating grate 19 reciprocates with the rotating shaft 14.

The fixed plate 20 has large holes and grooves, and there is a gap between the fixed plate 20 and the horizontally reciprocating fire grate 19 .

The fan 18 is connected with the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device 10 outside the furnace through pipelines.

The ash hopper bin 24 is an inclined inner bin of 15° to 30°, which is opposite to the inclination direction of the inclined distributing grate 17; The rotating shaft 14 is connected, and the scraper 25 is not in direct contact with the ash bucket storehouse 24;

Biomass scraps are burned in the furnace body 7 of the biomass combustion furnace, and the heat carrier is heated through the heat exchanger 8 in the furnace. The heat carrier is provided to the user after meeting certain working conditions.

The biomass debris refers to crop straw, fuelwood, wood chips, fruit shells, leaves and bark, food processing residues, aquatic plants, algae and other biomass that have been or have not been cut or crushed, with an average length of Less than 10mm, equivalent diameter less than 8mm, a single biomass or a mixture of multiple types of biomass.

The closing method of the fire-proof and heat-insulating partition 1 is controlled by an automatic door closer 2, and the automatic door closer 2 in this embodiment is an electric door closer.

Described primary feeding device 3 is a screw type feeding device; described secondary feeding device 4 is a screw type feeding device;

The inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16 is a screw locking structure. The specific work is to rotate the joystick 6 to drive the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16. The inclination adjustment longitudinal rod 16 is an external thread at the upper end and an internal thread structure at the lower end, and the inclination scale of the inclined distribution grate 17 is marked on the upper end. After rotating to the target inclination angle, use The locking nut 22 is locked, so that the inclination angle of the adjustable inclined distribution grate 17 is fixed at the target value, and the variation range of the horizontal angle between the inclined distribution grate 17 and its fixed end is 0° to 30°.

The above-mentioned furnace heat exchanger 8 is an intermediate medium heat exchanger.

The control system of the present invention mainly controls the working operation, status prompt, and fault alarm of the entire combustion furnace, and can set main input parameters, such as the feed amount of the biomass combustion furnace body 7, and the heat carrier at the outlet of the furnace heat exchanger 8 temperature, indoor temperature, and execution parameters include the rotating speeds of the first motor 26, the second motor 27, and the third motor 28, the commutation frequency of the third motor 28 connected to the rotating shaft 14, the rotating speed of the blower fan 18, and when a fault occurs, Automatically cut off the power to stop running.

When performing heating operations, the bulk biomass material is first conveyed from the primary feeding device 3 to the secondary feeding device 4. The screw adopts a shaftless helical blade surface structure, and the screw shaft of the screw conveyor stops at the end of the material movement direction. Push bearings, when the conveying structure is long, add intermediate suspension bearings. The secondary feeding device 4 feeds the material into the inclined distribution grate 17 whose angle has been adjusted in advance through the joystick 6. The inclined distribution grate 17 can select a suitable inclination angle according to the type of material, and the diameter of the hole on the inclined distribution grate 17 is relatively large. , and the distribution is sparse, so that most of the materials can be introduced and evenly arranged to burn on the horizontal reciprocating grate 19, while a part of the light and large particles are left to burn on the inclined distribution grate, and a part of the small heavy particles fall Combustion is carried out on the horizontal reciprocating grate 19 with a small opening diameter. By periodically rotating the horizontal reciprocating grate 19, the ash will automatically fall into the ash hopper 24. Due to the internal inclined structure of the ash hopper 24, most of the ash It will move to the ash discharge port 5, and at the same time, other ash scattered in the ash hopper bin 24 will be scraped to the ash discharge port 5 by the reciprocatingly rotating scraper 25.

During the combustion process, the main heat exchange modes between fuel combustion and the heat exchanger 8 in the furnace are radiation heat exchange and convective heat exchange, and the heat is transferred to the circulating water of the heating system through the heat exchanger 8 in the furnace. The heat exchange between the flue gas and the outside of the furnace and the waste heat utilization device 10 realizes the recovery and utilization of the heat of the flue gas. At the same time, the tail gas purification device 11 is added at the tail of the flue gas and a cyclone dust collector is selected. The cyclone dust collector is mainly composed of an inlet, a cylinder, a cone and an air outlet. After the dust-laden airflow enters the dust collector from the tangential inlet, it rotates at high speed from top to bottom along the inner wall of the cylinder and cone, and the downward-rotating airflow is called the outer vortex. After the outer vortex reaches the bottom of the cone, it turns upward and rotates upward along the axis. The upwardly rotating airflow is called the inner vortex, and is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe. When the airflow rotates, the dust particles are driven by the inertial centrifugal force and move to the outer edge of the rotation formed by the airflow. When they reach the edge of the inner wall, the dust particles will contact the inner wall to release energy and slide down to the bottom along the wall under the action of gravity. The miscellaneous outlet is introduced into the furnace ash hopper through the pipeline and discharged out of the combustion furnace together with the burning ash.

The whole process is realized by the controller, and the running state is detected by the sensor. All the components can be arranged on the movable bottom plate 13, or they can be arranged separately and fixedly.

Example 2

A rural family adopts the present invention to heat the family room. The family has indoor heating equipment. Here, the heat exchanger 8 in the furnace of the present invention is directly connected to the interface of the original heating equipment. The heat exchange outside the furnace and the waste heat utilization device 10 Connect the hot water insulation tank of the family to provide domestic hot water. And the feeding bin 15 is slightly lower than the ground, and the bulk biomass material can be easily poured into the bin. Due to factors such as capital and site, the tail gas purification device 11 is not used, and the control system is not used in the whole process. It is to realize the function of automatic feeding and automatic ash discharge. The ash falls into a large container slightly below the ash outlet and is manually cleaned the next day.

The biomass scraps mainly burned are corn stalks, wheat straws, and the mixture of the above scraps and coal powder. Here, these biomass stalks are first crushed with a hay cutter, then stored in the air, and the biomass bulk material is directly poured into the feed bin 15 through a trolley when in use.

Example 3

A grain drying enterprise adopts the patent of the present invention as the energy supply device, and sends the air preheated by the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device 10 outside the furnace into the biomass combustion furnace through the fan 18, mainly preheating the cold air, and passing it through the fan 18. It is passed into the furnace, and the air required for combustion is preheated to achieve the purpose of energy saving. At this time, all the systems mentioned in the present invention are adopted, including the control system and the detection system. And it is integrated into the control cabinet with its drying system. At this time, the circulating medium in the heat exchanger 8 in the furnace is the heat carrier air of the drying box. A cyclone dust collector, that is, an exhaust gas purification device 11, is arranged to remove dust from the flue gas and discharge it into the atmosphere. At the same time, the temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the drying box, through the control cabinet, the rotating speed of the primary feeding device 3 and the secondary feeding device 4 is controlled to adjust the feeding amount; the power of the fan 18 is controlled to adjust the combustion air distribution to make the temperature The temperature and humidity of the heat carrier air are stabilized around the set value.

Biomass combustion furnace burns biomass, such as block-shaped environmentally friendly new energy produced by processing straw, straw, rice husk, peanut cob, corncob, cottonseed hull, etc., as well as "three leftovers". Combustion of such biomass combustion particles has no pollution to the environment, and waste utilization is green and environmentally friendly, avoiding air pollution problems caused by straw burning.

Claims (8)

1. an inclined feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace, is characterized in that, comprises feeding bin (15), biomass combustion furnace furnace body (7), heat exchange outside the furnace and waste heat utilization device (10), Tail gas purification device (11); feed bin (15), biomass burning furnace furnace body (7), heat exchange outside the furnace and waste heat utilization device (10), tail gas purification device (11) are all installed on the movable base ( 13) on; The fire-proof and heat-insulating partition (1) on the upper part of the feeding bin (15), the bottom of the feeding bin (15) is provided with a primary feeding device (3), and the tail of the primary feeding device (3) passes through the secondary feeding device (4) Connect the biomass burning furnace body (7); the outlet of the biomass burning furnace body (7) is connected to the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device (10) outside the furnace, and the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device (10) outside the furnace ) is followed by a tail gas purification device (11); the biomass combustion furnace body of furnace (7) is provided with an in-furnace heat exchanger (8); The fire-proof and heat-insulating partition (1) is installed on the upper end of the feed bin (15), and an automatic door closer (2) is also installed on the fire-proof and heat-insulating partition (1), and its closing mode is controlled by the automatic door closer (2) ; The secondary feeding device (4) comprises an external feeding pipe, and the external feeding pipe is tapered in inner diameter; the secondary feeding device (4) and the biomass burning furnace body (7) The furnace feed port at the junction is in the shape of a trumpet. 2. A kind of oblique feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, the biomass combustion furnace body of furnace (7) is provided with an in-furnace heat exchanger (8), Below the furnace heat exchanger (8) is an inclined distribution grate (17); the inclined distribution grate (17) is connected to the manual adjustment device for the grate; a fan (18) is provided below the inclined distribution grate (17) , igniter (23), horizontal reciprocating fire grate (19); described horizontal reciprocating fire grate (19) is connected with joystick (12), and described horizontal reciprocating fire grate (19) is provided with fixed plate (20), the lower part of the fixed plate (20) is the ash hopper (24); the front of the biomass burning furnace body (7) is arranged with a state observation port (9) in the furnace. 3. A kind of inclined feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, the manual adjustment device for the fire grate comprises a joystick (6); the joystick (6) is fixedly connected The inclination adjustment longitudinal rod (16) rotates the joystick (6) to drive the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod (16) to rotate; The lower end of the inclination adjustment longitudinal bar (16) is hinged with the inclined distribution grate (17). 4. A kind of inclined feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, said inclination adjustment longitudinal rod (16) is a screw structure, and the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod (16) is provided with A lock nut (22) is provided for locking the inclination adjustment longitudinal rod (16). 5. An inclined feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, the heat exchanger (8) in the furnace is arranged on the inner wall of the biomass combustion furnace body (7) upper or upper. 6. The inclined feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, the horizontal reciprocating rotating fire grate (19) is connected with the rotating shaft (14), and the rotating shaft (14) It is movable installed at the bottom of the biomass burning furnace body (7), and the grate (19) reciprocates horizontally and reciprocatingly rotates with the rotating shaft (14); The fixed plate (20) has large holes and grooves, and there is a gap between the fixed plate (20) and the horizontally reciprocating fire grate (19). 7. A kind of inclined feeding type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, the fan (18) is connected with the heat exchange and waste heat utilization device (10) outside the furnace through a pipeline stand up. 8. An inclined feed type agricultural and forestry biomass scrap combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, the ash hopper (24) is an inclined inner chamber of 15° to 30°, which is compatible with the inclined The direction of inclination of the distribution grate (17) is opposite; the higher side in the ash hopper (24) is provided with a scraper (25), and the scraper (25) is connected with the rotating shaft (14), and the scraper (25) is not connected with the The ash hopper (24) directly contacts; the lower side of the ash hopper (24) is provided with an ash outlet (5), and the middle and upper part of the ash hopper (24) has a natural ventilation opening (21).