CN105972582B

CN105972582B - Furnace mouth, combustion furnace and heating equipment in biomass combustion furnace

Info

Publication number: CN105972582B
Application number: CN201610471478.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨兴; 成树; 曾涛
Original assignee: Hunan Xindi New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Xindi New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-06-24
Filing date: 2016-06-24
Publication date: 2018-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-24
Also published as: CN105972582A

Abstract

The invention provides a furnace nozzle in a biomass combustion furnace, which comprises a cylindrical inner furnace nozzle and a truncated cone-shaped outer furnace nozzle which are horizontally arranged, wherein a hollow ventilation area is formed between the inner furnace nozzle and the outer furnace nozzle, the inner part of the inner furnace nozzle mainly forms a hearth of the combustion furnace, and the bottom of the horizontal cylindrical inner furnace nozzle is provided with a ventilation hole for providing air for biomass granular fuel combustion; one axial end of the inner furnace mouth is connected with the bottom of the combustion feed pipe, and the other axial end is inserted into a heat exchanger connected with the combustion furnace; the outer furnace mouth is also used for inserting axial one end in the heat exchanger is the path end, and the axial one end that outer furnace mouth is close to the burning conveying pipe is its big footpath end, and the radial distance between the inner wall of outer furnace mouth path end to the outer wall of inner furnace mouth promptly spouts the circumferential weld width d of fire hole periphery and is 0.8 ~ 5 mm. The combustion furnace using the furnace mouth of the invention has high combustion efficiency, good tail gas detection condition, safety and environmental protection. The invention also correspondingly provides a combustion furnace and heating equipment.

Description

Converter nose, combustion furnace and heating equipment in a kind of biomass combustion furnace

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of combustion equipment, and in particular to converter nose, combustion furnace in a kind of biomass combustion furnace and Heating equipment.

Background technology

In more than 100 years in cured tobacco production and since promoting, coal baking tobacco leaves have the history in more than 50 years, coal Baking replaces original firewood to toast, and is the much progress in tobacco roasting history, is made with ecological environment to protect forest resources Significant contribution.In recent years, tobacco business absorbs Foreign Experience and technology, and bulk curing barn success is promoted in exploitation, from tradition Barn is the another much progress in tobacco roasting history, significantly improves the utilization rate of the energy, effectively reduce baking to bulk curing barn It is roasted into this.But bulk curing barn does not solve the present situation toasted as the energy using coal fundamentally, the continuous consumption of coal and The local pollution of the environment problem that barn clustering is brought increasingly displays.Coal toasts discharged dust, carbon oxygen In air, when burning, also discharges a large amount of SO for the pollutant emissions such as compound, sulfide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon₂、CO₂、CO、NO₂Equal gas Body brings serious pollution to ambient enviroment, influences air quality, causes the environmental accidents such as acid rain, haze.

If patent of invention CN201310726295.6 is related to a kind of varying capacity hot-blast stove, especially a kind of change of heating according to need Capacity indirect type hot blast stove for flue-cured tobacco belongs to tobacco modulating equipment technical field.The invention by furnace body, dividing wall type heat exchanger, chimney, Positive pressure combustion fan forms, and dividing wall type heat exchanger is placed in above furnace body, and chimney is located at furnace body top side, and positive pressure combustion fan is logical Piping is connected to furnace body；Furnace body is by grey a heatable brick bed, burner hearth, burner hearth capacity adjusting mechanism, shoot door, firing door, secondary furnace and grate Composition, grate are located in furnace body and divide furnace body, and the top of grate is burner hearth, lower section is grey a heatable brick bed, and secondary furnace is located on burner hearth Fang Bingyu burner hearths penetrate through, and burner hearth is equipped with firing door, and grey a heatable brick bed is equipped with shoot door, and burner hearth capacity adjusting mechanism is connect with burner hearth. The invention uses burner hearth capacity adjusting mechanism, according to the variation of barn heating demand in Tobacco Leaf Curing, timely adjustment burner hearth Capacity, realize heating according to need, and ensure it is coal-fired fully, efficient burning.

In the case where country advocates the big situation of energy-saving and emission-reduction, green low-carbon, low consumption environmental protection, depletion of non-renewable resources is reduced, The beautiful living environment of protection be benefit the nation and the people, the inevitable behave for the offspring that benefits future generations.The also a piece of pure blue sky of cigarette district, is tobacco Industry and enterprise obligation one can't decline, thus applicant actively seek coal alternative energy source carry out tobacco flue-curing.

A kind of baking equipment for preparatory treatment of tobacco is provided in our previous application CN201610037314.8, including heating device, Humidity-discharging device and controller, heating device include biomass combustion furnace, are connect with the smoke outlet tube of biomass combustion furnace Heat exchanger, the feeding device that feeding is carried out for the circulating fan of heat air delivery and to the biomass combustion furnace, charging dress Set the helical feed component that biomass combustion furnace feed inlet is delivered to including hopper and by the material at the hopper outlet；Row Wet device includes moisture exhausting port and the moistureproof window that is arranged at moisture exhausting port；Aerator, circulating fan in biomass combustion furnace with And helical feed component is connect with controller.Using the technical solution of this application, has the following advantages：Overall structure is simplified； It is highly practical by the integrated design of heating device, humidity-discharging device and control device；Heat is provided using biomass combustion furnace Can, it is environmentally protective.

But biological particles are in suspension combustion state in burner hearth in the biomass combustion furnace involved in said program, although It burns can relatively fully, but the density of biomass granule fuel is not low results in the need for providing many energy sides for its suspension combustion It can guarantee that efficiency of combustion, the economy of the program are relatively low.And if failing so that the biological particles in the combustion furnace keep good Suspended state, then be also easy to produce in the combustion furnace coking caking and cannot clean-burning problem.Further more, encountering the bursts such as power failure When accident, which can only stop work and abandon.In addition, the heat exchange efficiency of the corresponding heat exchanger of the combustion furnace equally has much room for improvement. Therefore, this field needs to develop a kind of for the new combustion furnace of biomass granule fuel combustion heat supplying, heat exchanger and corresponding A whole set of heating equipment so that safe and environment-friendly, efficient and economic characteristic is had both when biomass granule fuel combustion heat supplying.

In addition, specific to combustion furnace, current existing biological particles combustion furnace often because granular mass problem and Coking is caused when stove chamber inner combustion, influences efficiency of combustion, even causes burner hearth to block and stop working when serious.In addition, having Combustion furnace much needs that the manual periodic cleaning of burner hearth progress can be used, this influences efficiency and results in waste of resources.

Invention content

Therefore present invention firstly provides the converter noses in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, at least solve above-mentioned subproblem.

Present invention firstly provides the converter nose in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, the converter nose 14 includes the cylinder of horizontal setting The outer converter nose 142 of interior converter nose 141 and truncated cone-shaped, forms hollow ventilated area 146 between interior converter nose and outer converter nose, inside the interior converter nose The burner hearth of combustion furnace described in main composition, in Horizontal cylinder the bottom of converter nose offer ventilation hole for be biomass granule fuel Burning provides air；Interior converter nose axial direction one end is connect with the bottom of burning feed pipe 13, and the axial other end is for being inserted into and burning In the heat exchanger 2 that stove 1 connects；It is miner diameter end 1421, outer stove that outer converter nose, which is equally used for being inserted into axial one end in the heat exchanger 2, Mouth is its bigger diameter end 1422 close to axial one end of burning feed pipe, and the inner wall of outer converter nose miner diameter end 1421 is to interior converter nose outer wall Between radial distance, that is, bocca periphery circumferential weld width d be 0.8~5mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, in nearly heat exchanger one end, interior converter nose is concordant with the axial length of outer converter nose, and In closely burning feed pipe one end, the axial length of interior converter nose is more than the axial length of outer converter nose, and is longer than outer converter nose in interior converter nose Axial one section of radial outside be provided with the burning distribution plenum 17 at the converter nose end in package.

In a kind of specific embodiment, a diameter of 2~10mm of the ventilation hole of interior converter nose bottom, quantity be 20~ 200.

Further include slag removal mechanism 16 in a kind of specific embodiment, in the converter nose, and the slag removal mechanism be with The self-skimming mechanism of controller electrical connection, for the clinker in interior converter nose to be pushed into a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout part Second-time burning is carried out in heat exchanger 2.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the slag removal mechanism include horizontally disposed slagging-off band tooth push rod 162, for except Slagging-off motor 161 and gear 165 of the slag with the offer of tooth push rod and passing power are set in slagging-off removing with tooth push rod radial outside Slag rod bush 163, the push rod directive wheel 164 being oriented to tooth push rod for slagging-off, axial one end setting of the slagging-off with tooth push rod In the burner hearth that converter nose 141 is formed in the cylinder by horizontal setting, the axial other end with tooth push rod that removes the gred is arranged in burner hearth Level outer and that push rod is controlled by controller pushes away slag movement.

Further include that setting is removing the gred with tooth push rod axial direction one end in a kind of specific embodiment, in the slag removal mechanism And the dreg pushing board in burner hearth is set, the horizontal maximum width of the dreg pushing board is the 1/20~1/3 of interior converter nose internal diameter, dreg pushing board Height be interior converter nose internal diameter 1/20~1/3, and the dreg pushing board be arc plate or rectangular slab.

Further include that the discharge nozzle being arranged in burning feed pipe is prevented back in a kind of specific embodiment, in the converter nose The air supply direction of fiery ajutage 155, the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage is consistent with the feed direction of biomass granule fuel, uses In preventing the stove fire in burner hearth from burning in hopper, while to provide another way combustion-supporting fresh air in burner hearth.

Further include flame watch window 143 in a kind of specific embodiment, in the converter nose, the flame observation window Mouth is cylindrical structure, and axial one end is goed deep into burner hearth, and the axial other end is arranged in outer converter nose radial outside；In the converter nose Further include setting the temperature sense probe 144 of fire box temperature and for the igniter 145 of igniting for surveying；The flame observation window Other purposes ajutages 156 are both provided with by mouth, temperature sense probe and igniter for preventing stove fire from damaging workpiece；And The temperature sense probe, igniter, for for provided in burner hearth biomass granule fuel helical blade feeder 12 and Burning air supply system 15 for providing combustion air for combustion furnace is electrically connected with the controller.

The present invention also provides a kind of combustion furnace, the combustion furnace includes the arbitrary converter nose as above.

The present invention also provides a kind of heating equipment, the heating equipment includes combustion furnace as described above.

Advantageous effect：Ring between the hollow ventilated area 146 of converter nose provided by the invention and interior converter nose and outer converter nose miner diameter end The setting of seam makes：1) there is more stable air pressure in hollow ventilated area, more stable burning situation is provided for burner hearth, 2) it is hollow Burn again after air in ventilating area is preheated, be conducive to improve efficiency of combustion, 3) it is provided in burning air supply system new Fresh air can enter in heat exchanger through this approach so that clinker obtained by biomass granule fuel or its primary combustion and not filling on a small quantity The clout of divided combustion is able to carry out sufficient second-time burning in heat exchanger, 4) size and burner hearth bottom ventilation hole of circumferential weld width The matched design of size may make primary combustion of the biomass granule fuel in burner hearth and the second-time burning tune in heat exchanger Save desirable level so that efficiency of combustion is maximum.Using the high combustion efficiency of the corresponding combustion furnace of converter nose of the present invention, and tail Gas detection case is good, safety and environmental protection.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the part-structure schematic diagram of baking equipment for preparatory treatment of tobacco (heating equipment),

Fig. 2 is furnace interior structure chart, and wherein Fig. 2 a are right side block diagram, and Fig. 2 b are main structure figure, and Fig. 2 c are Left side block diagram,

Fig. 3 is converter nose and slag removal mechanism schematic diagram in combustion furnace, and wherein Fig. 3 a are front view, and Fig. 3 b are left side view,

Fig. 4 is the cooperation schematic diagram of interior converter nose and outer converter nose in right side view in Fig. 3 a,

Fig. 5 is the burning air supply system structural schematic diagram of combustion furnace,

Fig. 6 is combustion furnace and heat exchanger installation diagram, and wherein Fig. 6 a are front view, and Fig. 6 b are left side view, and Fig. 6 c are to overlook Figure,

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of heat exchanger shown in Fig. 5, and wherein Fig. 7 a are its left view internal structure chart, and Fig. 7 b are thereafter Depending on structural schematic diagram,

Fig. 8 is the deduster structural schematic diagram in heat exchanger, and wherein Fig. 8 a are its front view, and Fig. 8 b are that its left view is (right Answer rearview shown in Fig. 7 b), Fig. 8 c are its vertical view,

Fig. 9 is the concentration feeding system schematic diagram of five disjunctor cured tobacco curing houses,

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram for concentrating single feeding device in feeding system.

In figure：1, combustion furnace, 11, hopper, 12, helical blade feeder, 13, burning feed pipe, 14, converter nose, 15, burning Air supply system, 16, slag removal mechanism, 17, burning distribution plenum；

121, feeding motor；

141, interior converter nose, 142, outer converter nose, 1421, miner diameter end, 1422, bigger diameter end, 143, flame watch window, 144, temperature Spend inductive probe, 145, igniter, 146, hollow ventilated area；

151, small wind turbine, 152, air blower, 153, matching air box, 154, main ajutage, 155, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage, 156, other purposes ajutages；

161, remove the gred motor, and 162, slagging-off band tooth push rod, 163, slagging-off rod bush, 164, push rod directive wheel, 165, gear, 166, electronic induction limit switch, 167, mechanical trip limit switch；

181, fence, 182, lack material warning device, 183, support frame, 184, separated material lock, 185, electric box, 186, adjustable Height castor；

2, heat exchanger, 21, secondary combustion chamber, 22, deduster, 23, radiator, 24, chimney, 25, breast hole, 26, deashing Mouthful, 27, heat exchanger bracing frame；

221, flame kicker baffle, 222, cylindrical dedusting main body, 223, frustum structure, 224, flue gas rising passway, 225, heat exchanger flame spray entrance (fume inlet passage)；

231, radiator bobbin carriage, 232, fin radiator, 233, heat dissipation light pipe；

3, feeding system is concentrated, 31, the Material sucking machine containing vacuum pump, 32, storage vat, 33, aspirating air pipe, 330, air entry, 34, charging line, 340, material sucking port, 35, auger feed mechanism, 36, solenoid valve, 37, vacuum hopper, 371, filter screen, 38, again Power valve；

4, barn, 41, for hot cell, 42, hang smoke-box, 421, hang smoke-box gate, 43, insulated wall, 44, for hot cell return air inlet, 45, for hot cell air outlet, 46, high low speed circulating fan, 47, cold wind import.

Specific implementation mode

The present invention will be described in detail heating equipment and each component therein in conjunction with attached drawing, but the protection model of the present invention It encloses and is not limited to that.

One, the combustion furnace in heating equipment：

1) biomass granule fuel

The biomass of the present invention being applicable in fuel mainly and include with sawdust, tabacco straw, soybean stalk, rice husk etc. for raw material Particle.The biological particles are the cylindrical pellet that raw material crushes simultaneously extrusion molding (or compression forming), grain size (diameter) For 3~20mm, preferably 5~10mm, particle length is generally less than 6cm, and preferably particle length is 2~5cm.The biological particles The density of fuel is ＞ 1g/cm³, preferably its density is 1.05~1.3g/cm³。

2) converter nose in combustion furnace

As shown in figures 1-4, present invention firstly provides the converter nose in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, the converter nose 14 includes sleeping Converter nose 141 and the outer converter nose 142 of truncated cone-shaped, form hollow ventilated area 146 in the cylinder of formula setting between interior converter nose and outer converter nose, The burner hearth of combustion furnace described in main composition inside the interior converter nose, the bottom of converter nose offers ventilation hole for being in Horizontal cylinder Biomass granule fuel burning provides air；Interior converter nose axial direction one end is connect with the bottom of burning feed pipe 13, the axial other end For being inserted into the heat exchanger 2 being connect with combustion furnace 1；Axial one end that outer converter nose is equally used for being inserted into the heat exchanger 2 is Miner diameter end 1421, outer converter nose is its bigger diameter end 1422 close to axial one end of burning feed pipe, and outer converter nose miner diameter end 1421 The circumferential weld width d of inner wall to the radial distance between interior converter nose outer wall, that is, bocca periphery is 0.8~5mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the interior converter nose is 159mm, and the outer diameter of outer converter nose bigger diameter end is 214mm.In a kind of specific embodiment, the circumferential weld width d is 1~3mm, preferably 1.5~2.5mm, for example, 2mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, in nearly heat exchanger one end, interior converter nose is concordant with the axial length of outer converter nose, and In closely burning feed pipe one end, the axial length of interior converter nose is more than the axial length of outer converter nose, and is longer than outer converter nose in interior converter nose Axial one section of radial outside be provided with the burning distribution plenum 17 at the converter nose end in package.The burning distribution plenum is suitable first In a buffer container, for accessing the fresh air come from air blower, and be distributed to combustion furnace burner hearth and In secondary combustion chamber.

In a kind of specific embodiment, a diameter of 2~10mm of the ventilation hole of interior converter nose bottom, quantity be 20~ 200.On the one hand the design of ventilation hole is to ensure that the fresh air to provide sufficient in burner hearth, while ensuring the biology in burner hearth Matter particle do not fall out to hollow ventilated area or burning distribution plenum in, and can accurately design its size, quantity and distribution and Design circumferential weld size makes the air-supply ratio of the second-time burning in primary combustion and heat exchanger in burner hearth suitable.A kind of specific Embodiment in, a diameter of 3~7mm of the ventilation hole of interior converter nose bottom, quantity be 40~100；Specifically, the ventilation Hole is, for example, the equal cloth hole that diameter 5mm quantity is 70.

Further include that the discharge nozzle being arranged in burning feed pipe is prevented back in a kind of specific embodiment, in the converter nose The air supply direction of fiery ajutage 155, the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage is consistent with the feed direction of biomass granule fuel, uses In preventing the stove fire in burner hearth from burning in hopper, while to provide another way combustion-supporting fresh air in burner hearth.A kind of specific Embodiment in, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage be two, blowout wind fuel is blown into converter nose down.

Further include flame watch window 143 in a kind of specific embodiment, in the converter nose, the flame observation window Mouth is cylindrical structure, and axial one end is goed deep into burner hearth, and the axial other end is arranged in outer converter nose radial outside；In the converter nose Further include setting the temperature sense probe 144 of fire box temperature and for the igniter 145 of igniting for surveying；The flame observation window Other purposes ajutages 156 are both provided with by mouth, temperature sense probe and igniter for preventing stove fire from damaging workpiece；And The temperature sense probe, igniter, for for provided in burner hearth biomass granule fuel helical blade feeder 12 and Burning air supply system 15 for providing combustion air for combustion furnace is electrically connected with the controller.In a kind of specific embodiment In, the igniter is silicon nitride igniter.The setting of the flame watch window and temperature sense probe makes staff It can be with whether there is or not flame-out in accurate judgement combustion furnace.

Converter nose advantageous effect：The hollow ventilated area 146 of converter nose provided by the invention and interior converter nose and outer converter nose miner diameter end Between the setting of circumferential weld make：1) there is more stable air pressure in hollow ventilated area, more stable burning situation is provided for burner hearth, 2) Burn again after air in hollow ventilated area is preheated, be conducive to improve efficiency of combustion, 3) it is provided in burning air supply system Fresh air can enter through this approach in heat exchanger so that clinker obtained by biomass granule fuel or its primary combustion and a small amount of Not sufficiently combusted clout is able to carry out sufficient second-time burning in heat exchanger, 4) size of circumferential weld width and burner hearth bottom are logical The matched design of air holes size may make primary combustion of the biomass granule fuel in burner hearth and the secondary combustion in heat exchanger It burns to adjust and arrives desirable level so that efficiency of combustion is maximum.

The processing of converter nose：Converter nose uses 310S high temperature resistant stainless steel materials in burning.310S high temperature resistant stainless steels are a kind of Austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel, with good inoxidizability and corrosion resistance, because the chromium and nickel of higher percent, make it gather around Have good more creep strengths, can continuous operation at high temperature, there is good heat-resisting quantity, heat safe temperature to be not less than 1150℃.When making converter nose in burning, the cutting of high-precision sawing machine is first passed through, then put face work on lathe, finally puts and add on drilling machine The a certain number of ventilation holes of work.The design of converter nose has fully considered that the characteristic of biomass granule fuel, structure are set in combustion furnace Meter is reasonable, ensures full combustion of fuel.The outer converter nose of burning is cast using high temperature spheroidal graphite cast-iron one-pass molding, the temperature tolerance of material It can be not less than 1000 DEG C and with the indeformable characteristic under high-temperature medium.The converter nose of the present invention is using high temperature resistant, etch-proof For the interior converter nose that 310S stainless steels make as burner hearth liner, service life is 10 times of other common materials or more.

3) slag removal mechanism in combustion furnace

See Fig. 3, the present invention provides the self-skimming mechanism in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, including horizontally disposed slagging-off band Tooth push rod 162, for slagging-off with tooth push rod provide with the slagging-off motor 161 of passing power and gear 165, be set in slagging-off band tooth push away The slagging-off rod bush 163 of bar radial outside, the push rod directive wheel 164 being oriented to tooth push rod for slagging-off, the slagging-off band tooth push rod Axial one end be arranged in the burner hearth that converter nose 141 is formed in the cylinder by horizontal setting, slagging-off is axial another with tooth push rod One end is arranged outside burner hearth and pushes away slag movement by the level of controller control push rod.In the present invention, the teeth portion on gear and slagging-off With the teeth portion matching in tooth push rod so that gear rotation drives the push rod horizontal movement.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the self-skimming mechanism further includes electronic induction limit switch 166 and machine Tool lead limit switch 167 is used to limit the start-stop position that slagging-off moves in the horizontal direction with tooth push rod.In the present invention, the electricity Son induction limit switch 166 and mechanical trip limit switch 167 are arranged at slagging-off with the axial the same end of tooth push rod 162, (duplicate protection) is limited when retracting for push rod moves damage to ensure that converter nose structure will not be retracted by push rod.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the push rod directive wheel 164 and gear 165 are separately positioned on slagging-off band tooth and push away Corresponding position above and below bar.

Further include that setting is removing the gred with tooth push rod axial direction one end in a kind of specific embodiment, in the slag removal mechanism And the dreg pushing board in burner hearth is set.Preferably, the horizontal maximum width of the dreg pushing board is the 1/20~1/ of interior converter nose internal diameter 3, the height of dreg pushing board is the 1/20~1/3 of interior converter nose internal diameter.It is highly preferred that the horizontal maximum width of the dreg pushing board is interior stove The 1/10~1/4 of mouth internal diameter, the height of dreg pushing board are the 1/10~1/4 of interior converter nose internal diameter.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the dreg pushing board is arc plate or rectangular slab.The arc plate is for example in half Circle, crescent, rectangle or square, the biological particles stove that the dreg pushing board so designed will appropriately can burn in burner hearth In slag and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout push-in heat exchanger, and ensure that suitable biomass granule fuel stays in burner hearth simultaneously In.

Advantageous effect：Self-skimming mechanism provided by the invention automatically controls regular slagging-off, anti-fuel coking caking, and institute It states push rod and stirs burner hearth bottom in time to prevent ventilation hole from blocking, it is ensured that efficiency of combustion.In addition, releasing combustion furnace by push rod Clinker and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout in heat exchanger can also second-time burning, further increase efficiency of combustion.The present invention carries The self-skimming mechanism of confession is in slag removal, it is possible to part biological matter granular fuel is pushed into heat exchanger, because push-in is changed Biomass granule fuel in hot device 2 can carry out second-time burning, thus self-skimming process will not detract efficiency of combustion completely.

Self-skimming mechanism uses material and processing：Slagging-off therein uses the 310S high temperature resistants of diameter 25mm not with tooth push rod Become rusty round steel machine add-on type, has the characteristics that high intensity, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, meets duty requirements.Using bipolar caging system control System (mechanical and electronic type) push rod moves back and forth, and reaches ideal self-skimming effect.

4) the burning air supply system in combustion furnace

See Fig. 5 and Fig. 2, the present invention provides the burning air supply system in a kind of biomass combustion furnace, burning gas supply system System 15 includes small wind turbine 151, air blower 152 and the matching air box 153 being sequentially connected in series, and the small wind turbine is charged pool power supply and wind turbine For power in the wind turbine of 10~200w, the air blower 152 is power of fan more than small power of fan and for being provided for combustion furnace The wind turbine of main fresh air, the matching air box 153 be used for distribute fresh air and it include multiple parallel connections outlet, it is described The outlet of multiple parallel connections is connect with main ajutage 154, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 and other purposes ajutages 156 respectively.

The burning air supply system is the advantageous effect that combustion furnace is brought：The small wind turbine of charged pool is provided in the present invention 151, even if combustion furnace is in power failure work, small wind turbine may be that burning provides a certain amount of fresh air, more important , when power failure, small wind turbine can be that discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 and other purposes ajutages 156 provide enough skies Gas will not damage such as igniter, the glass plate of flame observation window, temperature sense to ensure that stove fire will not burn into hopper The workpieces such as should pop one's head in, and when having a power failure, can optionally open, close or adjust the valve on main ajutage 154.Institute of the present invention It states burning air supply system and provides a kind of safe and efficient working environment for biomass combustion furnace.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the power of the small wind turbine is 15~100w, preferably 20~50w；The drum The power of wind turbine is 150~800w, preferably 200~500w.Specifically, the power of the small wind turbine and air blower is for example distinguished For 25w and 250w.In a kind of specific embodiment, the small wind turbine is centrifugal blower.In a kind of specific embodiment In, air blower when lighting a fire that is switched on closes and only opens the small wind turbine, and keeps small wind turbine to continue after blower opening Work can prevent from being tempered when having a power failure.The small wind turbine can be equipped with service message and battery dual power supply, in normal operation, with electricity Net power supply, and storage battery power supply is enabled automatically when having a power failure.Independent anti-backfire is equipped in the burning air supply system of the present invention to fill Set, it is any in special circumstances all be not in tempering detonation the phenomenon that.

In a kind of specific embodiment, other purposes ajutages include igniter ajutage 156a, temperature sense Should pop one's head in ajutage 156b and flame watch window ajutage 156c.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the other end of the main ajutage 154 and the burning distribution plenum 17 of combustion furnace Connection is burnt for being sent into fresh air power-assisted biomass granule fuel from interior converter nose bottom vents in burner hearth, and from ring Fresh air is provided for heat exchanger carry out second-time burning at seam；The other end of the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 is passed through combustion Burn prevents the stove fire in burner hearth from burning into hopper 11 into burner hearth inside feed pipe 13 while feeding fresh air.This field skill What art personnel can understand, the other end of the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 can also not be passed directly into burning feed pipe It inside 13, but is passed through in the pipe for being set up directly on and being installed with helical blade feeder 12, then which is passed through again It burns in feed pipe and enters in burner hearth.

5) other structures in combustion furnace

As shown in Fig. 1~5, the combustion furnace 1 further include for be inserted into heat exchanger 2 and interfaced converter nose 14, use Hopper 11 in storage biomass granule fuel, the helical blade feeder 12 for being sent into biomass granule fuel in converter nose With burning feed pipe 13, for by the slag removal mechanism in the clinker and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout push-in heat exchanger in converter nose 16 and it is distributed to burning distribution plenum combustion-supporting in converter nose and heat exchanger for the fresh air that provides of air supply system 15 that will burn 17。

In the present invention, flame is sprayed from converter nose in the horizontal direction, and flame is laterally burnt into heat exchanger, and flame level sprays The distance of converter nose end is usually 30~150cm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the helical blade feeder 12 is drawn by feeding motor 121, and the combustion It further includes the fence 181 being arranged above hopper 11 for auxiliary storage to burn stove, and the scarce material report at the top of burning feed pipe is arranged The feed hopper bottom in combustion furnace is arranged for electrical in alarm device 182, the support frame 183 for being used to support each component in combustion furnace The channel and play the separated material lock 184 of anti-backfire, be used for that physics blocks between feed hopper bottom and helical blade feeder when failure The caster with adjustable height for showing and manipulating the electric box 185 of automatically controlled information and adjusted for combustion furnace movement and converter nose height 186。

Advantageous effect：Firepower size in combustion furnace of the present invention can be accurately controlled by control system, specific main If controlling the start and stop of helical blade feeder 12 and controlling firepower size.Such as set-up of control system is friction feeding 8s and stops It has a rest and continues periodical feeding after 5s, stove fire is more prosperous at this time, and friction feeding 5s and rests and continue stove fire when periodical feeding after 5s It is smaller.During specific control, we can be of different sizes according to required firepower and be divided into multiple firepower gears, such as 10 Shelves, then its feeding rule is programmed and is controlled for each firepower gear；Meanwhile to the slagging-off frequency of each firepower gear It is programmed and automatically controls.In a kind of specific embodiment, we are according to temperature feedback in the extension smoke-box of barn come automatic Firepower size or firepower gear are controlled, and slagging-off frequency is automatically controlled according to firepower size or firepower gear.

Support frame 183 uses material and processing：40*40 square tube sections are selected, are first cut through high precision numerical control sawing machine, then put It is welded in fixing mould, keeps the consistency of size.

Helical blade feeder uses material and processing：The core component of helical blade feeder is helical blade and spiral Axis.Helical blade selects Q345 low-alloy steel, and material good under laser blanking machine is added in helical blade former and is rushed Pressure.Helical axis selects 45# round steel quenched through high-temperature heat treatment, and hardness is up to 260~300HBS.

Two, the heat exchanger in heating equipment：

A kind of heat exchanger is provided in Fig. 6~8, the heat exchanger 2 is used to be connected to 14 one end of horizontal converter nose of combustion furnace 1, The heat exchanger 2 includes the secondary combustion chamber 21 for being located at lower part, is arranged in second-time burning room and for flame and high temperature cigarette The deduster 22 of gas dedusting carries out the radiator 23 of heat exchange with air for the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting and is handed over for heat The chimney 24 of flue gas discharge heat exchanger after changing；The deduster 22 includes connecting the converter nose 14 and for will be in converter nose laterally Fume inlet passage 225 that the flame and high-temperature flue gas of ejection introduce in heat exchanger, two axial directions for being connected to 225 end of fume inlet passage It is arranged at the cylindrical dedusting main body 222 of vertical direction, is located at two intersubjective flame kicker baffles of cylindrical dedusting 221 and the top in each cylindrical dedusting main body and with the frustum structure of cylindrical dedusting main body coaxial arrangement 223, the flame kicker baffle 221 be vertically arranged and for by the flame and high-temperature flue gas from being introduced tangentially into two cylinders In dedusting main body, in upper and miner diameter end under, bigger diameter end and cylindrical dedusting main body are close for the bigger diameter end of the frustum structure 223 Envelope connection so that flame and high-temperature flue gas are after fume inlet passage enters deduster, in the guiding role backspin of flame kicker baffle It rotates into cylindrical dedusting main body, then is flowed out from the flue gas rising passway 224 that the center taper through-hole of frustum structure is formed Deduster and enter the radiator 23.

Skilled artisans will appreciate that, the frustum structure is, for example, frustum cone structure, but for ease of mechanical processing, is led to Often the frustum structure is set to polygonal frustum structure, such as the polygonal frustum structure at 10~30 angles, in a kind of specific reality Apply in mode is 18 angles.When processing, sector structure material (one piece of fan-shaped strip sheet) good under laser is rolled over into 17 knives through bar folder Form frustum mechanism.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the fume inlet passage 225 is set as rhs-structure, and fume inlet passage 225 to Few one end connect in the longitudinal direction with converter nose 14 is provided with channel base plate notch, for slag removal mechanism 16 push away the clinker come with A small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout is fallen to from there in the secondary combustion chamber 21 of heat exchanger 2.Skilled artisans will appreciate that , bottom plate can not also be arranged in 225 rhs-structure of the fume inlet passage, this can't influence the efficiency of dust collection of deduster.

In a kind of specific embodiment, two cylindrical dedusting main bodys are tangent to be arranged and sets up separately in fume inlet passage high temperature The left and right sides in flow of flue gas direction, the maximum width m that fume inlet passage projects in the horizontal plane are less than or equal to two frustum structures The shortest distance n that projects in the horizontal plane of miner diameter end.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the heat exchanger 2 further includes the breast hole 25 for being located at exchanger base, is located at The cleaning door 26 of the flue end of radiator 23 and the heat exchanger bracing frame 27 for being used to support each component of heat exchanger；It is described Radiator 23 includes radiator bobbin carriage 231 and the fin radiator 232 being arranged in radiator bobbin carriage 231 and heat dissipation light pipe 233, the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting is introduced into lower layer's fin radiator, after middle level fin radiator and upper layer heat dissipation light pipe from cigarette Chimney is discharged, and air enters radiator above radiator bobbin carriage 231, and is flowed from above to below outside heat-dissipating pipe, and absorption comes from The high temperature air of heat is flowed out from 2 bottom of heat exchanger in high-temperature flue gas；Lower layer's fin radiator is five and is arranged in parallel On sustained height, the middle level fin radiator is four and is arranged in parallel on sustained height, and radiate light pipe on the upper layer The non-finned light pipe being arranged in parallel on sustained height for five.Skilled artisans will appreciate that, in every layer of heat-dissipating pipe Flue gas in four or five heat-dissipating pipes co-flow simultaneously.Flue-gas temperature in the heat dissipation light pipe on upper layer is not high, thus Without adding the fin for increasing heat exchange area to it, if necessary, naturally it is also possible to which fin is added to it.Alternatively, it is also possible to set It sets more layers heat-dissipating pipe or every layer is arranged more roots or less root heat-dissipating pipe, this is all feasible.

In a kind of specific embodiment, in lower layer's fin radiator, middle level fin radiator and upper layer heat dissipation light pipe In one end of every hot channel be both provided with cleaning door 26 and deashing lid.In every layer of hot channel in compared with the prior art One end jointly setting one deashing lid for, mode provided by the invention can make the better tightness of heat-dissipating pipe, heat exchange The heat exchange efficiency higher of device.

In a kind of specific embodiment, is built in 21 inner wall of secondary combustion chamber of the heat exchanger and be equipped with refractory brick, and The heat exchanger is split settings, using flange by scarfing cinder pipeline, secondary combustion chamber 21, the radiator of split settings in heat exchanger 23 and chimney 24 be correspondingly connected with, and also using flange by the section and in upper nothing of laying bricks under of 21 split settings of the secondary combustion chamber Brick section connects；Scarfing cinder drawer and matched scarfing cinder rake are additionally provided at the breast hole.In the present invention, heat exchanger Second-time burning room in build set refractory brick make it have very strong heat insulating ability and mitigate steel plate degree of oxidation.Heat exchanger is group Dress formula structure, installation operation is convenient, and flanged joint is convenient for maintenance and repair, and is not required to mechanical unloading installation, processing safety By force.In addition, also flue is arranged in upper no brick section in secondary combustion chamber in the present invention, it is specifically located above deduster.

Those skilled in the art know that ground, cyclone separator are that the one kind detached for gas-solid system or liquid-solid system is set It is standby, rotary motion is caused its working principle is that being introduced tangentially by air-flow, makes the solid particle or liquid with larger centrifugal inertial force Drop is got rid of to outside wall surface and is separated.The advantages of deduster in the present invention draws cyclone separator, and further setting frustum structure 223 So that the deduster is more suitable for detaching the dust come from the flame and high-temperature flue gas laterally gone out in combustion furnace 1.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the ratio of the diameter and bigger diameter end diameter of the miner diameter end of the frustum structure is 1：1.5~5.In a kind of specific embodiment, the ratio of the diameter and bigger diameter end diameter of the miner diameter end of the frustum structure It is 1：2~4, the deduster so designed can give the flame and high-temperature flue gas that are introduced in heat exchanger in the present invention to play best remove Dirt effect.

The advantageous effect brought by present invention heat exchanger：The heat exchanger of the present invention uses the cyclone type dedusting of special structure Device, for the dust generated when by burning after cyclone dust collectors sedimentation separation, purified high-temperature flue gas can reach national environmental protection row Put standard (smokeless and dust free).

Secondary combustion chamber in present invention heat exchanger is divided into two sections.Setting adapts in it on four peripheral walls of lower intersegmental part The refractory brick of wall size.The thickness of refractory brick is 30mm~50mm, is tiled using high temperature clay.Epimere is internally provided with rotation Wind deduster can effectively prevent the finned tube that the dust generated in combustion process enters radiator.Secondary combustion chamber (specifically changes Hot device flame entrance 225) it is docked tightly with the outer converter nose of combustion furnace.

Secondary combustion chamber 21 in present invention heat exchanger is made of the acid resisting steel of 4mm thickness, the flue gas in secondary combustion chamber Pipeline is fastenedly connected with radiator 23 using combined type, it is ensured that sealing；Radiator 23 is made of acidproof steel or stainless steel, heat dissipation Area >=9m², heat exchange efficiency >=57.8%.

Chimney in present invention heat exchanger usesRound steel pipe make, one end is connect with radiator, another End is stretched out for being connect with civil engineering chimney outside the wall of hot cell, and all junctions ensure to seal.

In the present invention, after combustion furnace is docked with heat exchanger, the height of secondary combustion chamber bottom of the converter nose apart from heat exchanger away from From for 200~300mm, for example, 250mm so that secondary combustion chamber bottom can store waste residue and carry out secondary abundant combustion It burns, moreover it is possible to buffer raising up for dust, reduce the deposition in heat-dissipating pipe, (each baking season cleaning one of deashing number can be reduced It is secondary), labor intensity is reduced, heat utilization rate is improved.

Full-automatic control system in heating equipment provided by the invention has following features：

1) has one-key start function.

2) has the fully automatic operation pattern for bulk curing barn tobacco flue-curing flow.

3) operating status can be preserved by having a power failure extremely in operational process, can be connected operation after being re-energised automatically.

4) have (reserved) centralized control and internet of things functional.

5) has automatic firing function：Without manual intervention Full-automatic ignition, can judge in burner hearth whether it is flame-out and from Dynamic rekindling.

6) operating status can be shown：It can show current firepower size, operating status, fire box temperature.

7) has self-skimming function：Self-skimming ensures combustion furnace normal operation.

8) have and lack material alarm：Sound-light alarm, SMS remind (optional).

9) have preceding scavenging, rear scavenging and flame-out security function, prevent tempering detonation.

Three, the concentration feeding system in heating equipment：

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the present invention provides a kind of biomass granule fuel concentration feeding system, the concentration feed System 3 is used to provide biomass granule fuel for more than two concentrations of combustion furnace 1, and the concentration feeding system 3 includes containing vacuum Material sucking machine 31, the storage vat 32, two of pump or more aspirating air pipe 33, two or more charging line 34, is sent auger feed mechanism 35 Expect distribution joint, more than two solenoid valves 36, more than two vacuum hoppers 37 and more than two weight valves 38；The storage vat 32 For leaving biomass granule fuel concentratedly, its bottom is provided with auger feed mechanism (35) and for granular fuel to be sent into The feeding distribution joint of different charging lines 34, during the vacuum hopper 37 is arranged at the top of combustion furnace for for combustion furnace Hopper 11 is fed, and the solenoid valve 36 is arranged on the aspirating air pipe 33 that vacuum hopper 37 is connect with vacuum pump, the weight valve 38 are arranged in 37 bottom of vacuum hopper；When solenoid valve 36 on vacuum pump startup and certain or a plurality of aspirating air pipe 33 is opened, Under vacuum action, the weight valve 38 of 33 corresponding vacuum hopper of aspirating air pipe, 37 bottom remains closed, and biological particles Fuel is sent into through corresponding charging line in the vacuum hopper 37；When the solenoid valve 36 is closed, the gravity after vacuum is unloaded Valve 38 is opened under the self gravitation effect of biomass granule fuel in vacuum hopper 37 and from the hopper 11 in trend combustion furnace Feed.

Skilled artisans will appreciate that, every barn of bulk curing barn can generally prepare a combustion furnace 1 and one Heat exchanger 2, thus set up five combustion furnaces separately outside five disjunctor barns as shown in Figure 9, use concentration feeding system of the present invention Can be that above-mentioned five combustion furnaces are fed.Specifically, can be that concentration confession is used alone in certain combustion furnace in some period Material system can also be to have two or more combustion furnaces in some period while using the concentration feeding system.In the present invention, The auger feed mechanism is also known as screw feed mechanism, and main function is stirring fuel and fuel is sent into institute from storage vat It states in feeding distribution joint.Stirring structure therein can prevent biomass granule fuel from blocking the feeding distribution joint.Institute Stating auger feed mechanism 35 can be identical or different with the helical blade feeder 12 in combustion furnace 1, but both general using not With the machine of model, for example, both blade diameter is different or screw pitch is different and the feeding ability that both causes is different.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the internal diameter of the aspirating air pipe 33 is 20~150mm, the charging line 34 Internal diameter be 20~150mm.In a kind of specific embodiment, the internal diameter of the aspirating air pipe 33 is 30~120mm, preferably 40~100mm, specifically for example, 50mm.The internal diameter of the charging line 34 is 30~120mm, preferably 40~100mm, concrete example Such as it is 50mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the air entry 330 being connected to the aspirating air pipe on vacuum hopper is located at very On the roof of empty hopper, the material sucking port 340 being connected to the charging line on vacuum hopper is located at the upper of the side wall of vacuum hopper Portion；The top of the vacuum hopper is equipped with filter screen 371, and the material sucking port 340 on vacuum hopper is located at below filter screen, vacuum Air entry 330 on hopper is located above filter screen, and the solenoid valve is Unidirectional solenoid valve, and the vacuum pump is liquid-ring type vacuum Pump.The setting of filter screen can prevent biomass granule fuel to be drawn in vacuum pump.In a kind of specific embodiment, institute The power for stating water-ring vacuum pump is 3kw or more, preferably 5~10kw, for example, 7.5kw.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the weight valve 38 includes valve plate, shaft and weight member, valve plate and counterweight Component is connect with shaft, when not being loaded with biomass granule fuel in vacuum hopper and during vacuum pump opens feeding, weight The valve plate of power valve 38 is closed under the action of weight member, and is loaded with biomass granule fuel in vacuum hopper and is unloaded When carrying vacuum, valve plate automatically opens under the gravity compressing of biomass granule fuel to be fed in the hopper 11 to combustion furnace.This hair In bright, according to the weight of weight member described in the density of biomass granule fuel and the volume respective design of vacuum hopper so that The weight valve is closed when can realize zero load, the function that when closed when vacuumizing and load opens.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the volume of the vacuum hopper 37 is less than or equal to the hopper 11 in combustion furnace Volume.In a kind of specific embodiment, the volume of the vacuum hopper 37 be the volume of the hopper 11 in combustion furnace about 1/2, thus vacuum intake can then be automatically filled with the hopper 11 twice.Those skilled in the art can be from understanding, the present invention Described in vacuum hopper only play the role of to biomass granule fuel it is temporary, when vacuum pump stops suction, in vacuum hopper Granular fuel is then dropped to automatically in hopper below.In a kind of specific embodiment, also set on the hopper 11 It is equipped with glass vision panel, whether observe charging situation for staff normal.

Further include controller in the Material sucking machine 31 containing vacuum pump in a kind of specific embodiment, the control Device is electrically connected control with the material-level measure sensor being arranged in combustion furnace, the controller also with the motor of auger feed mechanism, The starter of vacuum pump and solenoid valve electrical connection control.In a kind of specific embodiment, controller is according to setting The scarce material institute feedack that material-level measure sensor in combustion furnace detects both manually or can be automatically controled the collection The start and stop of middle feeding system, selection is to the vacuum hopper feed on specified one or more combustion furnaces.In a kind of specific reality It applies in mode, the latter linked each charging line of feeding distribution joint is respectively provided with feeding solenoid valve, when certain combustion furnace When occurring to lack material alarm, controller controls the electricity on vacuum pump, the motor of auger feed mechanism, feeding solenoid valve and aspirating air pipe Magnet valve is opened, and under the suction of vacuum pump, biomass granule fuel is drawn from feeding distribution joint to mutually corresponding vacuum In hopper, the weight valve of vacuum hopper bottom keeps air-tight state under vacuum action at this time.When feeding reaches certain time length Afterwards, solenoid valve, vacuum pump and the auger feed mechanism on controller control aspirating air pipe are closed, and are stopped suction, are unloaded vacuum, Grain fuel is opened weight valve under its gravity and is down to from vacuum hopper in the hopper of combustion furnace.

Concentrate feeding system advantageous effect：1) concentration feeding system provided by the invention concentrates feed using vacuum, ensures Feeding system is stable, and in conveying, pipeline is in sealing vacuum state, and absolutely not putty happens.2) provided by the invention It concentrates feeding system to use Automatic Control, responds the scarce material warning device 182 of each different combustion furnace of its connection with right The combustion furnace carries out sub-material conveying.Its feeding is accurate, fuel will not be caused to lack because personnel feed not in time, and then influence cigarette Leaf toasts.3) service life of the concentration feeding system is long, and service life is spiral, belt-type feeder apparatus service life 5-10 times.4) saving of labor, time saving, reduction labor intensity, reduction baking cost.

It can be that combustion furnace is fed in time that biomass granule fuel provided by the invention, which concentrates feeding system, and whole system is certainly Dynamic control feeding, only needs manpower or machinery that biomass granule fuel is unpacked and is poured into the storage vat 32, other processes are Full-automatic mechanical operates, and saves a large amount of manpower and materials.

Four, heating equipment

All welding are all made of mechanical hand automatic welding in heating equipment provided by the invention, and welding position is selected and base material Consistent wlding is welded, and ensures that all weld seams are tight, smooth, pore-free is air tight without slag inclusion, and mechanical performance reaches base material Performance.When high-grade base material and inferior grade base material weld, the wlding consistent with high-grade base material must be selected.

The outer metallic surface of heating equipment provided by the invention is all made of resistance to 500 DEG C or more high temperature, anti-oxidant, strong adhesive force Environment-friendly materials carry out preservative treatment, external coating simultaneously through blasting treatment make surface cleanness grade reach GB/T 8923 provide The requirement of Sa2.5 grades, surfaces externally and internally carries out 3 sprayings using high temperature, epoxy zinc rich primer, and finishing coat is (roasting using electrostatic spraying Paint), this technique has the characteristic of high temperature resistant and resistant to strong corrosion, extends the service life of heating equipment.The heating equipment makes With the service life up to 10 years or more, generally 12 years or more.

In conclusion on the basis of existing technology, applicant of the present invention successfully develops high-efficiency low-pollution energy-saving ring The biomass granule fuel heat supply complete set of equipments of guarantor, realizes biomass fuel and fully burns, solve previous biomass fuel The technical barrier that tar can't burn completely coking caking is generated in burning.The present invention also successfully develops novel heat exchanger, Solve the problems, such as that heat exchange utilization rate is not high in current tobacco flue-curing.And successfully develop new tobacco baking intelligent control System processed, the effect of full-automatic regulation firepower that realizes biomass combustion according to tobacco flue-curing heat demand have reached burning Materials are few, and the quality of tobacco for toasting gained is high, energy-saving and environment-friendly purpose.In the base for meeting tobacco roasting temperature control process requirement On plinth, the function of fully automatic operation, self-skimming, energy-saving and emission-reduction, environment-protection low-consumption is not only realized, also there is fast, heating of lighting a fire Soon, firepower is strong, the features such as being readily burned and be precisely controlled.

Specifically：

1, equipment electromechanical integration, high degree of automation is stable, safety.The machine is using automatic feed, automatic point Fire, automatic adjustment oxygen supply, temperature automatically controlled, operating in a key, precisely run, and combustion process is in semi-closed state, outside the flames of anger It lets out, no pressure operation, low-voltage power supply；Unique self-skimming Functional Design completes self-skimming, safety and stability.

2, combustion furnace power regulation amplitude is big, and temperature-controlled precision is high.Combustor (combustion furnace) power can be according to tobacco flue-curing work The demand of skill is arbitrarily adjusted, and achievees the purpose that accurately control baking by controlling automatic function.Tobacco flue-curing work can be fully met The needs of skill pass through accurate temperature control (temperature-controlled precision is up to 0.1~0.5 DEG C, and precision is higher than 1~3 DEG C coal-fired of temperature-controlled precision), energy Effectively evade the mass loss that the factors such as temperature control is inaccurate are brought.Rationally compact, light-weight (the only traditional flue-cured tobacco of burner structure The half weight of equipment), installation it is simple and convenient.

3, biological particles burning is abundant, and efficiency of combustion reaches 87%.Combustor uses half integrated gasification combined combustion technology, tool There is multi-faceted high temperature to supply oxygen the characteristic of half gasification, and combustion, energy long-time low power run, burning is abundant, no soot emission, thermal effect Rate is high, and flue dust, sulphur are nitrogen discharged low, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide zero-emission, non-secondary pollution, and shop environment is clean.Evade because of combustion Influence of the flue dust and pernicious gas of coal to flue cured tobacco quality, the color, smell and taste for tobacco leaf of coming out of the stove are strong, and quality of tobacco is obviously improved.

4, heat exchanger heat utilization ratio is high.Heat exchanger (radiator) heat exchange area is big, and sootfall room temperature is high, effectively Ground solves equipment coking phenomenon, and smoke tar can gasify and burn out, heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, overall heat exchange efficiency is made to reach 57.8%.

5, fuel tolerance is wide, energy-saving and emission-reduction.The combustor is using biological particles as fuel, specially agriculture (straw, wheat Grass, cornstalk, corncob, rice husk, peanut shell, levant cotton exocarp, cotton stem, cogongrass, weeds ...) woods (trees, bark, tree root, tree Leaf, wood shavings, bamboo powder, sawdust ...) the like waste is fuel, burning is abundant, and the consumption energy is few.

6, equipment operation is simple, high degree of automation, saves labor.Baking initially enters full-automatic control since click System concentrates feed, automatic feed, automatic adjustment oxygen supply, temperature automatically controlled, self-skimming, realizes " one-touch " operation and operation Stablize, precisely.By taking the baking workshop of 50 barns as an example, traditional coal heating flue-cured tobacco 15 people of needs or so (including it is roasting Cigarette master worker), the normal operation at a workshop could be maintained, and biological particles combustion apparatus flue-cured tobacco provided by the invention is taken, 5 people or so are only needed, the efficiency than the baking of traditional coal heating improves 3 times or more.

7, energy consumption and baking cost are reduced.Why more at low cost than baked by using fire coal biomass fuel tobacco flue-curing cost is, and one It is efficiency of combustion and heat exchanger effectiveness greatly improves that energy consumption is caused to be greatly lowered；Second is that accurately automatic feeding system avoids The waste of redundancy fuel in heating and cooling process；Third, highly integrated automated control technology has greatly saved human cost.It adopts The baking direct cost that 1 kilogram of tobacco leaf is dried with traditional coal heating equipment at least wants 2.26 yuan, and takes raw in the present invention Material grains fuel barn dries only 1.73 yuan or so of the baking direct cost of 1 kilogram of dry tobacco leaf, and per kilogram tobacco leaf saves 0.54 Member often cheats flue-cured tobacco 312 yuan or so of expense capable of saving fuel.In addition, automatic ignition of the present invention, heating rate are steady, temperature control Stablize, automatic adjustment temperature, auto feed (adding once per 48h), dry tobacco leaf quality preferable (orange cigarette rate is high), remove automatically Slag, the utilization rate of slag ash are high (containing elements such as abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, can be used as fertilizer returning to the field).

8, emission reduction effect is notable.In the Tobacco Leaf Curing of the present invention, basic smoke dust, sulphur is nitrogen discharged low, carbon monoxide, Hydrogen sulfide zero-emission, non-secondary pollution, baking shop environment is clean, pollution is low.Biological particles combustion apparatus toasts and fire coal The exhaust emissions comparison of heating equipment baking is as shown in table 1.

Table 1

Heating equipment provided by the invention is adapted to roasting with original metal barn (coal heating), advanced composite material (ACM) heat supply The matching of the different types barns such as room, biomass heat supply bulk curing barn and biomass heat supply movable type board house structure barn.

Biomass granule fuel heating equipment provided by the invention detects the conclusion obtained through the Central China University of Science and Technology：Burning The inspection of efficiency, maximum output thermal power, heat exchange efficiency, hopper capacity, feed, igniting, fin radiator, control system etc. It is all qualified to survey result.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 9, Figure 10, the present invention provides a kind of biomass granule fuel heating equipment, the heating equipment It is described to change including combustion furnace 1, heat exchanger 2, the concentration feeding system 3 and barn 4 for providing for combustion furnace biomass granule fuel Hot device 2 is used to be connected to 14 one end of horizontal converter nose of combustion furnace 1, and the barn 4 includes for hot cell 41, and the heat exchanger 2 is arranged In for hot cell 41, the combustion furnace 1 and concentration feeding system 3 are arranged outside barn 4；The concentration feeding system 3 is for being More than two combustion furnaces 1, which are concentrated, provides biomass granule fuel, and the concentration feeding system 3 includes the Material sucking machine containing vacuum pump 31, storage vat 32, two or more aspirating air pipe 33, two or more charging line 34, auger feed mechanism 35, feeding distribution connect Head, more than two solenoid valves 36, more than two vacuum hoppers 37 and more than two weight valves 38；The storage vat 32 is for concentrating Biomass granule fuel is stored, its bottom is provided with auger feed mechanism 35 and for granular fuel to be sent into different feedings The feeding distribution joint of pipeline 34, the vacuum hopper 37 are arranged at the top of combustion furnace for being that the hopper 11 in combustion furnace supplies Material, the solenoid valve 36 are arranged on the aspirating air pipe 33 that vacuum hopper 37 is connect with vacuum pump, and the setting of the weight valve 38 exists 37 bottom of vacuum hopper；When solenoid valve 36 on vacuum pump startup and certain or a plurality of aspirating air pipe 33 is opened, make vacuumizing Under, the weight valve 38 of 33 corresponding vacuum hopper of aspirating air pipe, 37 bottom remains closed, and biomass granule fuel is through phase The charging line answered is sent into the vacuum hopper 37；When the solenoid valve 36 is closed, the weight valve 38 after vacuum is unloaded true It opens under the self gravitation effect of biomass granule fuel in empty hopper 37 and is fed from the hopper 11 in trend combustion furnace.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the heating equipment is tobacco flue-curing heating equipment, and the barn is also Including hanging smoke-box 42 and positioned at for hot cell 41 and the insulated wall 43 between smoke-box 42 is hung, and being additionally provided with high circulated at low velocity in barn Wind turbine 46 is for driving air for being circulated between hot cell 41 and extension smoke-box 42.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the combustion furnace includes converter nose 14, and the converter nose 14 includes horizontal setting Converter nose 141 and the outer converter nose 142 of truncated cone-shaped, form hollow ventilated area 146, the interior stove in cylinder between interior converter nose and outer converter nose The burner hearth of combustion furnace described in main composition inside mouth, in Horizontal cylinder the bottom of converter nose offer ventilation hole for be biomass Grain fuel combustion provides air；Interior converter nose axial direction one end is connect with the bottom of burning feed pipe 13, and the axial other end is for being inserted into In the heat exchanger 2 being connect with combustion furnace 1；It is miner diameter end that outer converter nose, which is equally used for being inserted into axial one end in the heat exchanger 2, 1421, outer converter nose is its bigger diameter end 1422 close to axial one end of burning feed pipe, and the inner wall of outer converter nose miner diameter end 1421 arrives The circumferential weld width d of radial distance, that is, bocca periphery between interior converter nose outer wall is 0.8~5mm.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the combustion furnace includes burning air supply system 15, the burning air supply system 15 include small wind turbine 151, air blower 152 and the matching air box 153 being sequentially connected in series, and the small wind turbine is charged pool power supply and wind turbine work( For rate in the wind turbine of 10~200w, the air blower 152 is power of fan more than small power of fan and for providing master for combustion furnace The wind turbine for the fresh air wanted, the matching air box 153 be used for distribute fresh air and it include multiple parallel connections outlet, it is described more The outlet of a parallel connection is connect with main ajutage 154, discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage 155 and other purposes ajutages 156 respectively.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the combustion furnace includes slag removal mechanism 16, and the slag removal mechanism includes level The slagging-off of setting with tooth push rod 162, for slagging-off with tooth push rod provide with the slagging-off motor 161 of passing power and gear 165, be arranged It is described in the slagging-off rod bush 163 with tooth push rod radial outside that removes the gred, the push rod directive wheel 164 being oriented to tooth push rod for slagging-off The axial one end of slagging-off with tooth push rod is arranged in the burner hearth that converter nose 141 is formed in the cylinder by horizontal setting, slagging-off band tooth The axial other end of push rod is arranged outside burner hearth and pushes away slag movement by the level of controller control push rod.

In a kind of specific embodiment, the heat exchanger 2 includes the secondary combustion chamber 21 for being located at lower part, is arranged two In secondary combustion chamber and for the deduster 22 of flame and high temperature fume dust removal, for after dedusting high-temperature flue gas and air progress The radiator 23 of heat exchange and the chimney 24 that heat exchanger is discharged for the flue gas after heat exchange；The deduster 22 includes connecting Connect the converter nose 14 and for will the flame and high-temperature flue gas that are laterally sprayed in converter nose introduce fume inlet passage 225 in heat exchanger, Two axial directions for being connected to 225 end of fume inlet passage are arranged at the cylindrical dedusting main body 222 of vertical direction, are located at two circles The intersubjective flame kicker baffle 221 of cylindricality dedusting and top in each cylindrical dedusting main body and with cylinder The frustum structure 223 of dedusting main body coaxial arrangement, the flame kicker baffle 221 are vertically arranged and are used for the flame and height Warm flue gas from being introduced tangentially into two cylindrical dedusting main bodys, the bigger diameter end of the frustum structure 223 in upper and miner diameter end under, Its bigger diameter end is connect with cylindrical dedusting body seal so that flame and high-temperature flue gas after fume inlet passage enters deduster, It is rotated under the guiding role of flame kicker baffle in cylindrical dedusting main body, then from the center taper through-hole shape of frustum structure At flue gas rising passway 224 in outflow deduster and enter the radiator 23.

In a kind of specific embodiment, high low speed circulating fan 46 drives air from 43 top of insulated wall for hot cell Return air inlet 44 enters for hot cell 41, and is flowed out from 43 bottom of insulated wall for hot cell 41 for hot cell air outlet 45 and enter and hang smoke-box 42；The extension smoke-box 42 is provided with extension smoke-box gate 421 and is passed in and out for personnel and material, and cold wind import is additionally provided in the barn 47。

The present invention provides a kind of containing above-mentioned combustion furnace, heat exchanger and the heating equipment for concentrating feeding system.The present invention carries The heating equipment of confession realizes the repeated combustion of biomass granule fuel, keeps the burnings such as fuel, smoke tar, dust abundant, after burning Noresidue efficiently solves the tar generated during biomass combustion, cinder blocking heat-exchanger, tail gas residue pollution environment And key issues of etching apparatus, significantly improve the utilization rate of biomass energy calorific value.The heating equipment at least has such as Lower feature.

1, safety：There is open fire generation using coal as fuel, it is possible to which leakage fire causes tobacco leaf to burn, and leads to that tobacco grower's is huge Big loss；And in the present invention combustion furnace be arranged outside barn, heat exchanger be sealingly disposed in barn in hot cell, in barn It hangs smoke-box and is kept apart by insulated wall for hot cell, the open fire generated in combustion furnace is totally-enclosed in combustion furnace and heat exchanger, thus The consequence of tobacco leaf burning is not will produce.

2, environmentally friendly：Entire heating equipment under operation, is emerged, sulphur is nitrogen discharged low, an oxygen without any dust, flue gas Change carbon and hydrogen sulfide zero-emission, baking shop environment is clean, pollution-free.And coal combustion especially dissipate coal baking when contain hook fire add The program of coal has the drift of a large amount of coal ash dirt to raise and SO₂Release influences and pollutes environment.

3, the baked goods of high quality：The concentration feeding system of the present invention, burning air supply system, is removed burning feed mechanism It includes helical blade feeder, helical-blade that slag mechanism etc., which is in the automated system of program control, such as burning feed mechanism, Piece feeder is set as automatic open close by program, and firepower size in combustion furnace is determined according to its opening and closing time, and then determines whole The real-time heating load of a heating equipment so that dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature and heating-up time, steady warm time in barn etc. The equal controllable precise of parameter.Wherein without unstable temperature change fluctuated, cold dust and hot dust etc. will not be caused without using It is good to bake the quality of tobacco come for the low quality tobacco leaf of value.In addition, the tobacco flue-curing program of automation standard setting can be to avoid Many maloperations and bring waste product, and so that the quality of tobacco leaf is more well-balanced more preferable.

4, saving of work and time：Full-automatic setting can save a large amount of manual labor.Whole process generally only needs manpower will be biological Matter granular fuel be sent into concentrate feeding system storage vat in (process also can by machinery complete), and the clinker of after-flame from It is cleared in the breast hole of heat exchanger.Concentrate feeding system that biological particles are sent into vacuum material from storage vat 32 automatically In bucket 37, biological particles are sent into from vacuum hopper 37 in hopper 11 automatically after feed, burning air supply system automatic adjustment Clinker in burner hearth is pushed into heat exchange by the air capacity being sent into combustion furnace, slag removal mechanism with a small amount of not sufficiently combusted clout automatically Carry out second-time burning in device, burn in burner hearth and heat exchanger in the high-temperature flue gas that generates of second-time burning after dedusting in radiator To being discharged from chimney after the circulation air heating in barn, the high low speed circulating fan 46 in barn promotes the heat in barn empty at place Gas circulates and carries out heated baking to tobacco in smoke-box 42 from flowing into hang for hot cell 41, and the temperature and humidity hung in smoke-box is same Sample is also used and is automatically controlled.These processes are all automatic to be carried out, and a large amount of manpower and time are saved.And people is avoided to be fired with burning Being in direct contact for material, is conducive to the health of tobacco grower.

5, energy-efficient：The present invention changes the mode of the suspension combustion in the b of combustion chamber in first technology, is changed to biomass Grain, which is controllably deposited in converter nose, to burn, then by adjusting the burning air supply system of the present invention so that its efficiency of combustion is by 82% It is further increased to 87%, the raising of efficiency of combustion generates remarkable result to energy saving of system.In addition, the present invention is good in exhaust emissions In the case of good and combustion furnace noncoking, not slagging, it is not required to provide strong impetus and energy so that biological particles suspension combustion Amount consumption, further reduced the energy consumption of entire combustion furnace and heating equipment.

6, the service life of equipment is long：The heating equipment uses the steel of special substance, has high temperature resistant, anticorrosion, prolongs The features such as long life；Equipment surface application and surface cleanness grade is set to reach as defined in GB/T 8923 through blasting treatment Sa2.5 grades of requirements, surfaces externally and internally carry out three sprayings using high temperature, epoxy zinc rich primer, and finishing coat uses electrostatic spraying (baking vanish), This technique has the characteristics that high temperature resistant, resistant to strong corrosion, prolongs the service life, and the service life of the heating equipment generally can reach 12 years More than, it is more durable than other heating equipments.

7, equipment is applied widely：The heating equipment can be accomplished to dock and combine closely easily with all kinds of barns, and should Heating equipment is suitble to move, and such as certain cigarette district former years can plant cigarette but this year cannot plant, and must change to another place kind, then can be with A whole set of biomass granule fuel heating equipment is moved to other flue-cured tobacco area to toast.In addition, heat supply provided by the invention is set It is standby to be also used as drying equipment, including medicinal material, paddy, honeysuckle, day lily of various agricultural product etc..

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of heating equipment, including combustion furnace and heat exchanger, the combustion furnace include converter nose, which is characterized in that the converter nose (14) include horizontal setting cylinder in the outer converter nose (142) of converter nose (141) and truncated cone-shaped, formed between interior converter nose and outer converter nose Hollow ventilated area (146), the burner hearth of combustion furnace described in main composition inside the interior converter nose, the bottom of converter nose in Horizontal cylinder shape Ventilation hole is offered for providing air for biological particles fuel combustion；Interior converter nose axial direction one end and burning feed pipe (13) Bottom connects, and the axial other end is used to be inserted into the heat exchanger (2) connecting with combustion furnace (1)；Outer converter nose is equally used for being inserted into institute It is miner diameter end (1421) to state axial one end in heat exchanger (2), and outer converter nose is its major diameter close to axial one end of burning feed pipe It holds (1422), and the inner wall of outer converter nose miner diameter end (1421) is to the circumferential weld of the radial distance between interior converter nose outer wall, that is, bocca periphery Width d is 0.8~5mm；

The heat exchanger (2) is used to be connected to horizontal converter nose (14) one end of combustion furnace (1), and the heat exchanger (2) includes being located at The secondary combustion chamber (21) of lower part is arranged in second-time burning room and for the deduster to flame and high temperature fume dust removal (22), for the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting with the radiator (23) of air progress heat exchange and for the flue gas after heat exchange The chimney (24) of heat exchanger is discharged；The deduster (22) includes connecting the converter nose (14) and for will laterally be sprayed in converter nose Flame and high-temperature flue gas introduce in heat exchanger fume inlet passage (225), be connected to two axial directions of fume inlet passage (225) end It is arranged at the cylindrical dedusting main body (222) of vertical direction, is located at two intersubjective flame kicker baffles of cylindrical dedusting (221) and the top in each cylindrical dedusting main body and with the frustum structure of cylindrical dedusting main body coaxial arrangement (223), the flame kicker baffle (221) be vertically arranged and for by the flame and high-temperature flue gas from being introduced tangentially into two circles In cylindricality dedusting main body, the bigger diameter end of the frustum structure (223) in upper and miner diameter end under, bigger diameter end and cylindrical dedusting Body seal connects so that flame and high-temperature flue gas are made after fume inlet passage enters deduster in the guiding of flame kicker baffle It is rotated under in cylindrical dedusting main body, then the flue gas rising passway formed from the center taper through-hole of frustum structure (224) it flows out deduster in and enters the radiator (23).

2. heating equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in nearly heat exchanger one end, the axis of interior converter nose and outer converter nose It is concordant to length, and in closely burning feed pipe one end, the axial length of interior converter nose is more than the axial length of outer converter nose, and in interior stove Axial one section of the radial outside that mouth is longer than outer converter nose is provided with the burning distribution plenum (17) for wrapping up the interior converter nose end.

3. heating equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that a diameter of 2~10mm of the ventilation hole of interior converter nose bottom, Quantity is 20~200.

4. heating equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include slag removal mechanism (16) in the converter nose, and institute It is the self-skimming mechanism being electrically connected with the controller to state slag removal mechanism, for by clinker in interior converter nose and a small amount of not sufficiently combusted Clout part push-in heat exchanger (2) in carry out second-time burning.

5. heating equipment according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the slag removal mechanism includes horizontally disposed slagging-off band tooth Push rod (162), for slagging-off with tooth push rod provide with the slagging-off motor of passing power (161) and gear (165), be set in slagging-off band The slagging-off rod bush (163) of tooth push rod radial outside, the push rod directive wheel (164) being oriented to tooth push rod for slagging-off, the slagging-off Axial one end with tooth push rod is arranged in the burner hearth that converter nose (141) is formed in the cylinder by horizontal setting, and slagging-off band tooth pushes away The axial other end of bar is arranged outside burner hearth and pushes away slag movement by the level of controller control push rod.

6. heating equipment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include that setting is removing the gred with tooth in the slag removal mechanism Push rod axial direction one end and the dreg pushing board in burner hearth is set, the horizontal maximum width of the dreg pushing board is the 1/20 of interior converter nose internal diameter ~1/3, the height of dreg pushing board is the 1/20~1/3 of interior converter nose internal diameter, and the dreg pushing board is arc plate or rectangular slab.

7. heating equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include being arranged in burning feed pipe in the converter nose Discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage (155), the air supply direction of the discharge nozzle anti-backfire ajutage and biomass granule fuel Feed direction is consistent, for preventing the stove fire in burner hearth from burning in hopper, while to provide in burner hearth another way combustion-supporting fresh Air.

8. according to any one of claim 1~7 heating equipment, which is characterized in that further include flame in the converter nose Watch window (143), the flame watch window are cylindrical structure, and axial one end is goed deep into burner hearth, and the axial other end is set It sets in outer converter nose radial outside；Further include setting the temperature sense probe (144) of fire box temperature for surveying and being used in the converter nose The igniter (145) of igniting；Other purposes air-supplies are both provided with by the flame watch window, temperature sense probe and igniter Pipe (156) is for preventing stove fire from damaging workpiece；And the temperature sense probe, igniter, for provide life in burner hearth The helical blade feeder (12) of material grains fuel and the burning air supply system for providing combustion air for combustion furnace (15) it is electrically connected with the controller.

9. heating equipment according to claim 8, which is characterized in that other purposes ajutages include igniter ajutage (156a), temperature sense probe ajutage (156b) and flame watch window ajutage (156c).