CN110405239B - Damage-proof lathe machining auxiliary device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device, which comprises a brake disc, an outer sheath, a three-jaw chuck and an inner sheath. The outer sleeve of the three-jaw chuck is provided with an inner sheath. In the present invention, a brake disc is provided, and a pair of first brake pads and second brake pads are respectively symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the brake disc, and the braking of the brake pads is controlled by a foot switch, on the one hand It is convenient to realize the automatic clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck without manual operation. The use of the brake disc is controlled by the foot switch, which reduces the intensity of hand operation and avoids many hand operation steps affecting the normal operation of the lathe. The use of the first brake pad can also quickly brake the inner sheath and the three-jaw chuck after the workpiece is processed, shorten the processing time caused by the inertial rotation after the three-jaw chuck is processed, and improve the production efficiency. And in an emergency situation, the first brake pad can be used to perform emergency braking on the three-jaw chuck to increase the safety of lathe processing.

Description

A kind of anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to an anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device.

Background technique

A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses turning tools to turn rotating workpieces. On the lathe, drills, reaming drills, reamers, taps, dies and knurling tools can also be used for corresponding processing.

The three-jaw chuck is a machine tool accessory that clamps and positions the workpiece by the radial movement of the three movable jaws evenly distributed on the chuck body. The three-jaw chuck consists of the chuck body, the movable jaw and the jaws. The drive mechanism is composed of the three-jaw chuck on the lower part of the guide part of the three jaws, and the thread meshes with the plane thread on the back of the bevel bevel gear. The flat thread of the machine simultaneously drives the three jaws to approach or withdraw from the center to clamp workpieces of different diameters.

At present, most of the existing lathes use a three-jaw chuck to clamp and fix the blank workpiece during the processing. After the workpiece is processed, it is necessary to wait for the three-jaw chuck to stop rotating and then manually operate the chuck key After aligning the square hole on the chuck, turn the chuck key to adjust the opening of the three-jaw chuck, take out the workpiece and re-place the blank workpiece for next processing for clamping, and then control the lathe work for cyclic processing. - Clamping of the blank workpiece - Unloading after the workpiece is processed - During the placement of the blank workpiece, the operator needs to spend a lot of time to operate, frequently control the closing and opening of the chuck, and frequently insert the chuck key. It is not convenient to use the lathe that has been put into production after improvement, and the clamping force is not easy to adjust in the process of clamping the workpiece. If it is too large, it will easily cause damage to the workpiece and the three-jaw chuck.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device, so as to solve the problem that the three-jaw chuck is mostly used to clamp and fix the blank workpiece during the processing of the existing lathe proposed in the above background technology. After the processing is completed, it is necessary to wait for the three-jaw chuck to stop rotating, and then manually align the chuck key with the square hole on the chuck, then turn the chuck key to adjust the opening of the three-jaw chuck, take out the workpiece and place it again for the next time. After the processed blank workpiece is clamped, the lathe work is controlled for cyclic processing. From the placement of the blank workpiece - the clamping of the blank workpiece - the unloading after the workpiece is processed - the placement of the blank workpiece, the operator needs to spend a lot of time. Time operation, frequent control of the closing and opening of the chuck, frequent insertion of the chuck key is easy to cause damage to the chuck, labor-intensive, and there is a greater safety hazard. Moreover, in the process of clamping the workpiece, the clamping force is inconvenient to adjust, and if the clamping force is too large, it is easy to cause damage to the workpiece and the three-jaw chuck.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device, comprising a brake disc, an outer sheath, a three-jaw chuck and an inner sheath, and the outer side of the three-jaw chuck is sleeved. There is an inner sheath, the outer sheath of the inner sheath is provided with an outer sheath, the outer side of the top end of the outer sheath is wrapped with a brake disc, and a fixing plate is arranged at the middle position of one end of the brake disc, and the outer sheath is Both sides inside the sheath are provided with annular sliding grooves, both sides of the outer side wall of the inner sheath are provided with annular sliding plates matched with the annular sliding grooves, and the outer side walls of the inner sheath between the two annular sliding plates are superior. There are 3 installation grooves evenly spaced. The outer side wall of the inner sheath at the position of the installation groove is equipped with a rotating shaft through a bearing. The outer side of one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with a cylindrical transmission seat, and the interior of the cylindrical transmission seat is annular. Shrinkage grooves are evenly arranged at equal intervals. Adjustment grooves are arranged inside the cylindrical transmission seat at one end of the shrinkage groove. The other end of the shrinkage groove extends to the position of the outer side wall of the cylindrical transmission seat. There are transmission blocks, the top ends of the transmission blocks all extend to the outside of the column-shaped transmission base, and the bottom ends of the transmission blocks all extend to the inside of the adjustment groove and are provided with a limit block matched with the adjustment groove, and the limit block is connected to the adjustment groove. A first return spring is arranged between the bottom ends of the grooves, a first bevel gear is fixed on the rotating shaft on one side of the cylindrical transmission seat, and a through hole is formed on the inner sheath on one side of the installation groove, and the One end of the hole is communicated with the installation groove, and the other end of the through hole penetrates the inner sheath and extends to the position of the inner side wall of the inner sheath. One end extends to the position of the installation groove and is provided with a second bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear. The inside of one end of the transmission shaft away from the installation groove is provided with a movable groove, and the interior of the movable groove is interspersed with three bevel gears. The fixed column is adapted to the square hole on the jaw chuck, the fixed column is in the shape of a regular square, and a compression spring is arranged between the fixed column and the movable groove, and the column-shaped transmission seat is on the inner side wall of the outer sheath in the same vertical plane. The gear teeth meshing with the transmission block are evenly arranged in a ring shape at equal intervals, a groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the outer sheath on one side of the gear teeth, and a first piston is arranged inside the outer sheath at the position of the groove A first piston is arranged inside the first piston slot, a second return spring is arranged between the top of the first piston and the first piston slot, and a second return spring is arranged at the middle position of the bottom end of the first piston. an extrusion rod, the bottom of the first extrusion rod extends to the inside of the groove and is provided with a fixing piece matched with the inner sheath, the thickness of the fixing piece is consistent with the thickness of the groove, and both the fixing piece and the groove are circular arc-shaped, three second piston grooves are evenly arranged inside the outer sheath at equal intervals, and connecting holes are provided between the second piston grooves and the first piston groove under the first piston. One end of the sleeve is provided with an extrusion sleeve, the extrusion sleeve at the position of the second piston groove is welded with a second extrusion rod, and the end of the second extrusion rod away from the extrusion sleeve extends to the second piston. A second piston matched with the second piston groove is arranged inside the groove, and a pair of first cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides corresponding to the outer side wall of the brake disc at the same height position of the inner sheath. The output ends of the first cylinders all extend to the inner side of the brake disc and are provided with first brake pads matched with the inner sheath, and a first communication pipe is connected between the first cylinders at both ends. A first conduit is connected, and the end of the first conduit away from the first communication pipe is provided with a first foot switch, and a pair of first foot switches are symmetrically arranged on both sides corresponding to the outer sidewall of the brake disc at the same height of the outer sheath. Two cylinders, the output ends of the second cylinders all extend to the inner side of the brake disc and are provided with second brake pads matched with the outer sheath, and a second communication pipe is connected between the second cylinders at both ends. The second communication pipe is connected with a second conduit, and one end of the second conduit away from the second communication pipe is provided with a second foot switch.

Preferably, the outer sidewalls of the transmission block extending to the outside of the cylindrical transmission seat and in contact with the gear teeth are all inclined surfaces, and the outer sidewall of the side where the rotation of the cylindrical transmission seat produces a clamping effect on the three-jaw chuck is inclined The angle is smaller than the inclination angle of one side outer side wall which makes the rotation of the column-shaped transmission seat produce the relaxation effect on the three-jaw chuck.

Preferably, lubricating oil filling holes are provided on one side of the outer side wall of the inner sheath at the position of the installation groove.

Preferably, the included angle between two adjacent fixing posts on the inner side of the inner sheath is 120 degrees.

Preferably, the cross section of the movable groove is a regular quadrilateral.

Preferably, the fixed pad, the first brake pad and the second brake pad are all made of ceramic brake pads.

Preferably, the medium between the first piston groove and the second piston groove is hydraulic oil.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1: In the present invention, an inner sheath and an outer sheath are respectively sleeved on the outside of the three-jaw chuck, and a cylindrical transmission seat and gear teeth that mesh with each other are arranged between the inner sheath and the outer sheath. When the second brake pad brakes the extrusion sleeve and the outer sheath, the rotation of the three-jaw chuck drives the inner sheath to rotate, and the rotation of the inner sheath causes the three transmissions on the inner sheath to rotate. The shaft revolves around the axis of the three-jaw chuck, and cooperates with the gear teeth inside the outer sheath to generate rotation during the revolution of the drive shaft, and adjusts the clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck, thereby controlling the lathe headstock. The clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck can be adjusted by turning it, and no additional power is required to control the clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck. It is easy to use, reduces labor intensity, reduces safety hazards during lathe processing, and increases the production of workpieces. Efficiency, improve production efficiency, no need for additional power to drive workpiece clamping and loosening, energy saving, environmental protection, and energy saving;

2: The present invention sets the transmission block meshing with the gear teeth on the cylindrical transmission base into a retractable state, and sets the inclination angle of the clamping inclined plane on the transmission block to be smaller than the inclination angle of the loosening inclined plane. The side wall helps the transmission block to squeeze and shrink. It cooperates with the first return spring. After the three-jaw chuck clamps the workpiece, the spindle box has a tendency to continue to rotate. Long-term hard connection is easy to force the brake on the spindle. The shrinkable transmission block can be squeezed and contracted into the shrinkage groove after clamping the workpiece, the lubricating oil can reduce the wear and tear, does not affect the rotation of the spindle box, and avoids the loss of the spindle box, and Avoid excessive clamping force to the workpiece and cause wear. In the practical process, the contraction and reset of the transmission block and the collision of the gear teeth will also produce abnormal noise, prompting the operator to complete the clamping of the workpiece, and the larger the inclined angle of the inclined plane is. It is less likely to be squeezed and contracted, so that the force of loosening the three-jaw chuck is greater than the force required for clamping the workpiece, which solves the problem of the inertia of the three-jaw chuck clamping the workpiece, which makes the clamping force relative to the ideal state. If the clamping force is large, it is not easy to rotate when it is loose, and the opening of the three-jaw chuck can also shrink the transmission block when it reaches the maximum opening range, which also avoids the loss of the three-jaw chuck, and the use effect is good;

3: The present invention is provided with a brake disc, and a pair of first brake pads and second brake pads are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the brake disc, and the braking of the brake pads is controlled by a foot switch, On the one hand, it is convenient to realize the automatic clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck, and no manual operation is required. The use of the brake disc is controlled by the foot switch, which reduces the intensity of hand operation and avoids that many hand operation steps affect the normal operation of the lathe. , and the use of the first brake pad can also quickly brake the inner sheath and the three-jaw chuck after the workpiece is processed, shorten the processing time due to the inertial rotation after the three-jaw chuck is processed, and improve production. efficiency, and in emergency situations, the first brake pad can be used for emergency braking of the three-jaw chuck, which increases the safety of lathe processing;

4: By arranging 3 drive shafts evenly at the inner side of the inner sheath, and inside the transmission shaft, there are movable grooves matching with the fixed column, cleverly using the shape characteristics of the three-jaw chuck to align the inner sheath and the inner sheath. The outer sheath is fixed at three points at the same time, and the fixing effect is good. The fixing column is used as the chuck key to match the square hole on the chuck, and the fixing column can be retracted inside the drive shaft, which is convenient for disassembly and installation of the device , it is convenient to install and use three-jaw chucks with square holes of different depths;

5: The present invention can be directly installed on a lathe that has been put into production for auxiliary use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the side view structure schematic diagram that the present invention is installed on the three-jaw chuck;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal side view of the brake disc installed on the three-jaw chuck according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention after the brake disc is removed and installed on the three-jaw chuck;

4 is a schematic diagram of the inner frontal structure of the inner sheath and the outer sheath of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the inner frontal structure of the outer sheath of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the outer sheath side of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal frontal structure of the inner sheath of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the inner sheath side of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged front view of the rotating shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged internal structure of the cylindrical transmission seat of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, the second cylinder; 2, the fixed plate; 3, the first connecting pipe; 4, the brake disc; 5, the second connecting pipe; 6, the first cylinder; 7, the outer sheath; 8, the three claws Chuck; 9, Squeeze sleeve; 10, Second foot switch; 11, First foot switch; 12, Second conduit; 13, First conduit; 14, Second brake pad; 15, First system Moving plate; 16, inner sheath; 17, fixed plate; 18, first extrusion rod; 19, first piston groove; 20, second return spring; 21, first piston; 22, groove; 23, shaft ;24, installation groove; 25, through hole; 26, gear teeth; 27, transmission shaft; 28, fixed column; 29, second piston groove; 30, connecting hole; 31, annular chute; 32, second piston; 33, the second extrusion rod; 34, the annular slide plate; 35, the cylindrical transmission seat; 36, the first bevel gear; 37, the second bevel gear; 38, the movable groove; 42, the adjustment groove; 43, the first return spring; 44, the limit block; 45, the lubricating oil filling hole.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

1-11, an embodiment provided by the present invention: an anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device, including a brake disc 4, an outer sheath 7, a three-jaw chuck 8 and an inner sheath 16, the three-jaw The outer side of the chuck 8 is provided with an inner sheath 16, the outer side of the inner sheath 16 is provided with an outer sheath 7, and the outer side of the top of the outer sheath 7 is wrapped with a brake disc 4, and the middle position of one end of the brake disc 4 There is a fixed plate 2 at the place, an annular chute 31 is provided on both sides of the inner sheath 7, and an annular slide plate 34 that matches the annular chute 31 is provided on both sides of the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16. Three installation grooves 24 are evenly arranged on the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16 between the sliding plates 34 at equal intervals. Lubricating oil filling holes 45 are provided on one side of the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16 at the position of the installation groove 24. The installation grooves 24 A rotating shaft 23 is installed on the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16 at the position through a bearing, and a cylindrical transmission seat 35 is fixed on the outer side of one end of the rotating shaft 23. One end of the cylindrical transmission seat 35 is provided with an adjustment groove 42, and the other end of the shrinking groove 41 extends to the position of the outer side wall of the cylindrical transmission seat 35. The inner part of the shrinking groove 41 is interspersed with a transmission block 40, and the top of the transmission block 40 is Extending to the outside of the cylindrical transmission seat 35, the outer side walls of the transmission block 40 extending to the outer side of the cylindrical transmission seat 35 and in contact with the gear teeth 26 are all inclined surfaces, and the cylindrical transmission seat 35 is rotated to clamp the three-jaw chuck 8. The inclination angle of the outer side wall of the side of the tightening effect is smaller than the inclination angle of the outer side wall of the side where the rotation of the cylindrical transmission seat 35 produces a relaxation effect on the three-jaw chuck 8. The bottom ends of the transmission blocks 40 all extend to the inside of the adjustment groove 42 and are provided with A limit block 44 matched with the adjustment groove 42, and a first return spring 43 is provided between the limit block 44 and the bottom end of the adjustment groove 42, and a first bevel gear is fixed on the rotating shaft 23 on the side of the cylindrical transmission seat 35 36. A through hole 25 is provided on the inner sheath 16 on one side of the installation groove 24. One end of the through hole 25 is communicated with the installation groove 24, and the other end of the through hole 25 penetrates the inner sheath 16 and extends to the inner side of the inner sheath 16. At the wall position, the inside of the through hole 25 is installed with a transmission shaft 27 through a bearing. One end of the transmission shaft 27 extends to the position of the installation groove 24 and is provided with a second bevel gear 37 that meshes with the first bevel gear 36. The inside of one end of the shaft 27 away from the mounting groove 24 is provided with a movable groove 38. The cross-section of the movable groove 38 is a regular quadrilateral. It is in the shape of a regular quadrangular prism, and a compression spring 39 is arranged between the fixed column 28 and the movable groove 38. The angle between the two adjacent fixed columns 28 on the inner side of the inner sheath 16 is 120 degrees, and the column-shaped transmission seat 35 is the same vertical The inner side wall of the outer sheath 7 in the plane is uniformly arranged with gear teeth 26 meshing with the transmission block 40 in a ring shape. The outer sheath 7 at the position is provided with a first piston groove 19 inside, and a first piston 21 is provided inside the first piston groove 19. A second return spring 20 is provided between the top of a piston 21 and the first piston groove 19, a first pressing rod 18 is provided at the middle position of the bottom end of the first piston 21, and the bottom of the first pressing rod 18 extends to the concave The inside of the groove 22 is also provided with a fixing piece 17 matched with the inner sheath 16. The thickness of the fixing piece 17 is consistent with the thickness of the groove 22, and the fixing piece 17 and the groove 22 are both arc-shaped. There are three second piston grooves 29 evenly spaced, connecting holes 30 are provided between the second piston grooves 29 and the first piston groove 19 below the first piston 21, and an extrusion sleeve 9 is provided at one end of the outer sheath 7 , the extrusion sleeve 9 at the position of the second piston groove 29 is welded with a second extrusion rod 33, and one end of the second extrusion rod 33 away from the extrusion sleeve 9 extends to the inside of the second piston groove 29 and is provided with The second piston 32 is matched with the second piston groove 29, the medium between the first piston groove 19 and the second piston groove 29 is hydraulic oil, and the outer wall of the brake disc 4 at the same height of the inner sheath 16 corresponds to A pair of first cylinders 6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides. The output ends of the first cylinders 6 both extend to the inner side of the brake disc 4 and are provided with first brake pads 15 matched with the inner sheath 16. The first cylinders 6 at both ends A first communication pipe 3 is connected therebetween, a first conduit 13 is connected to the first communication pipe 3, and the end of the first conduit 13 away from the first communication pipe 3 is provided with a first foot switch 11, and the outer sheath 7 is the same A pair of second cylinders 1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides corresponding to the outer side wall of the brake disc 4 at the height position. The second brake pad 14 , the fixed pad 17 , the first brake pad 15 and the second brake pad 14 are all made of ceramic brake pads, and a second communication pipe 5 is connected between the second cylinders 1 at both ends. The pipe 5 is connected with a second conduit 12 , and one end of the second conduit 12 away from the second communication pipe 5 is provided with a second foot switch 10 .

Working principle: When auxiliary processing of the lathe is required, the cylindrical transmission seat 35 and the gear teeth 26 are filled with lubricating oil at the position of the lubricating oil filling hole 45, and the fixed column 28 is squeezed and contracted to the inside of the transmission shaft 27, and Align the position of the fixing column 28 with the square hole on the three-jaw chuck 8, and set the outer sheath 7 and the inner sheath 16 on the outside of the three-jaw chuck 8 as a whole. When the inner sheath 16 and the outer sheath 7 After the whole is sleeved on the three-jaw chuck 8, the fixing column 28 is inserted into the square hole on the three-jaw chuck 8 due to the pressing action of the compression spring 39, and the integral fixing of the inner sheath 16 and the outer sheath 7 is completed. , set the brake disc 4 on the outer side of the outer sheath 7, and use the fixing plate 2 to fix the brake disc 4 and the lathe. The fixing method can be welding. The first foot switch 11 and the second foot switch 10 Connect an external air pump to complete the installation of the device. When the workpiece needs to be clamped in the process of lathe processing and use, step on the second foot switch 10 to control the second cylinder 1 to ventilate and then stretch, and squeeze the second brake pad 14 to the outer sheath 7 It is clamped and fixed with the extrusion sleeve 9 fixed on the outer sheath 7. The extrusion of the extrusion sleeve 9 makes the hydraulic oil in one of the second piston grooves 29 transfer to the inside of the first piston groove 19, and squeeze the first piston groove 19. A piston 21 overcomes the elastic force of the second return spring 20 to drive the fixed piece 17 to lift up. After the fixed piece 17 is separated from the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16, the inner sheath 16 can easily rotate along the annular chute 31 inside the outer sheath 7. When the spindle box of the lathe is controlled to rotate forward, the three-jaw chuck 8 is driven to rotate. Since the three drive shafts 27 and the fixing columns 28 on the inner side of the inner sheath 16 have fixed the inner sheath 16 on the outside of the three-jaw chuck 8, then The rotation of the three-jaw chuck 8 drives the inner sheath 16 to rotate, and the rotation of the inner sheath 16 makes the transmission block 40 on the cylindrical transmission seat 35 cooperate with the gear teeth 26 on the inner side of the outer sheath 7 to drive the rotating shaft 23 to rotate, and uses The mutual meshing of the first bevel gear 36 and the second bevel gear 37 produces the self-rotation effect of the transmission shaft 27 and the fixing column 28 being perpendicular to the three-jaw chuck, and the workpiece is clamped and fixed. After the holding force reaches the optimum, at this time, the inclined end of the transmission block 40 can be used to squeeze the transmission block 40 into the shrinkage groove 41, and temporarily disengage from the gear teeth 26, so that the clamping force of the workpiece will not be increased, so as to avoid The workpiece is lost, and after the clamping is completed, due to the continuous rotation of the three-jaw chuck 8, the transmission block 40 will collide with the gear teeth 26 and produce abnormal noise, reminding the user that the clamping is completed. Loosen the second foot switch 10, so that the fixed piece 17 is in contact with the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16, and the spindle box rotates to drive the three-jaw chuck 8, the inner sheath 16, the outer sheath 7 and the clamped workpiece to rotate. In production and processing, when the workpiece is processed, turn off the power of the spindle box and step on the first foot switch 11 to control the first brake pad 15 to make the inner sheath 16, the three-jaw chuck 8, the outer sheath 7 and the workpiece. To avoid the disadvantage that the three-jaw chuck 6 can only stop after rotating for a period of time due to inertia, after the turntable stops, loosen the first foot switch 11 and step on the second foot switch 10 again. The moving three-jaw chuck 8 is reversed, resulting in a loosening effect on the three-jaw chuck 8. Since the inclination angle of the inclined end of the transmission block 40 that produces the reversal is larger, it is more likely to be squeezed, which is convenient for the unloading of the workpiece, and completes the alignment of the workpiece. Quickly remove the workpiece after processing.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. All changes within the meaning and range of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

Claims (7)

1. An anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device, comprising a brake disc (4), an outer sheath (7), a three-jaw chuck (8) and an inner sheath (16), characterized in that: the three-jaw The outer side of the chuck (8) is provided with an inner sheath (16), the outer side of the inner sheath (16) is provided with an outer sheath (7), and the outer side of the top end of the outer sheath (7) is wrapped with an outer sheath (7). The brake disc (4) is provided with a fixing plate (2) at the middle position of one end of the brake disc (4), and annular sliding grooves (31) are provided on both sides inside the outer sheath (7). Both sides of the outer side wall of the inner sheath (16) are provided with annular slide plates (34) matched with the annular chute (31). There are 3 installation grooves (24) evenly arranged at equal intervals, and a rotating shaft (23) is installed on the outer side wall of the inner sheath (16) at the position of the installation groove (24) through bearings. A cylindrical transmission seat (35) is fixed on the outside, the interior of the cylindrical transmission seat (35) is uniformly arranged with shrinking grooves (41) in an annular shape, and the interior of the cylindrical transmission seat (35) at one end of the shrinking groove (41) is all An adjustment groove (42) is provided, the other end of the shrinkage groove (41) extends to the position of the outer side wall of the cylindrical transmission seat (35), and a transmission block (40) is inserted into the interior of the shrinkage groove (41), The top ends of the transmission blocks (40) all extend to the outside of the cylindrical transmission seat (35), and the bottom ends of the transmission blocks (40) all extend to the inside of the adjustment grooves (42) and are provided with matching adjustment grooves (42). The limit block (44) is provided between the limit block (44) and the bottom end of the adjustment groove (42), and a first return spring (43) is provided. 23) A first bevel gear (36) is fixed thereon, a through hole (25) is provided on the inner sheath (16) on one side of the mounting groove (24), and one end of the through hole (25) is connected to the mounting groove (24) are connected, the other end of the through hole (25) penetrates the inner sheath (16) and extends to the position of the inner side wall of the inner sheath (16), and the inside of the through hole (25) is installed by bearings There is a transmission shaft (27), and one end of the transmission shaft (27) extends to the position of the installation groove (24) and is provided with a second bevel gear (37) that meshes with the first bevel gear (36). A movable groove (38) is provided on the inside of one end of the transmission shaft (27) away from the installation groove (24), and a fixed column matching the square hole on the three-jaw chuck (8) is inserted through the interior of the movable groove (38). (28), the fixed column (28) is in the shape of a regular quadrangular prism, and a compression spring (39) is arranged between the fixed column (28) and the movable groove (38), and the cylindrical transmission seat (35) is in the same vertical plane Gear teeth (26) meshing with the transmission block (40) are evenly arranged on the inner side wall of the outer sheath (7) in a ring shape, and the inner side wall of the outer sheath (7) on one side of the gear teeth (26) A groove (22) is provided on it, and a first piston groove (19) is provided inside the outer sheath (7) at the position of the groove (22). A first piston (21) is arranged inside a piston groove (19), and a second return spring (20) is arranged between the top of the first piston (21) and the first piston groove (19). A first extrusion rod (18) is provided at the middle position of the bottom end of a piston (21), and the bottom of the first extrusion rod (18) extends into the groove (22) and is provided with the inner sheath (16). ) matching fixing piece (17), the thickness of the fixing piece (17) is consistent with the thickness of the groove (22), and the fixing piece (17) and the groove (22) are arc-shaped, the outer sheath (7) ) are evenly spaced with three second piston grooves (29), and connecting holes are provided between the second piston grooves (29) and the first piston groove (19) below the first piston (21). (30), one end of the outer sheath (7) is provided with an extrusion sleeve (9), and the extrusion sleeve (9) at the position of the second piston groove (29) is welded with a second extrusion rod (33), one end of the second extruding rod (33) away from the extruding sleeve (9) extends to the inside of the second piston groove (29) and is provided with a second piston groove (29). Piston (32), a pair of first cylinders (6) are symmetrically arranged on two sides corresponding to the outer side wall of the brake disc (4) at the same height position of the inner sheath (16), and the first cylinders (6) The output ends of the brake discs (4) all extend to the inner side of the brake disc (4) and are provided with first brake pads (15) matched with the inner sheath (16), and a first communication is connected between the first cylinders (6) at both ends. A pipe (3), a first conduit (13) is connected to the first communication pipe (3), and a first foot switch (11) is provided at one end of the first conduit (13) away from the first communication pipe (3) ), a pair of second cylinders (1) are symmetrically arranged on both sides corresponding to the outer sidewall of the brake disc (4) at the same height position of the outer sheath (7), and the output end of the second cylinder (1) Both extend to the inner side of the brake disc (4) and are provided with a second brake pad (14) matched with the outer sheath (7), and a second communication pipe (5) is connected between the second cylinders (1) at both ends ), the second communication pipe (5) is connected with a second conduit (12), and the end of the second conduit (12) away from the second communication pipe (5) is provided with a second foot switch (10). 2 . The damage-proof lathe processing auxiliary device according to claim 1 , wherein the transmission block ( 40 ) extends to both sides of the outer side of the cylindrical transmission seat ( 35 ) and contacts the gear teeth ( 26 ). 3 . The outer side walls of the three-jaw chuck (8) are inclined, and the angle of the outer side wall on the side where the rotation of the column-shaped transmission seat (35) produces a clamping effect on the three-jaw chuck (8) is smaller than that of the rotation of the column-shaped transmission seat (35) to the three-jaw chuck. (8) The inclination angle of the outer side wall of the side that produces the relaxing effect. 3. An anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: lubricating oil filling is provided on one side of the outer side wall of the inner sheath (16) at the position of the installation groove (24) hole (45). 4 . The damage-proof lathe processing auxiliary device according to claim 1 , wherein the angle between two adjacent fixing columns ( 28 ) inside the inner sheath ( 16 ) is 120 degrees. 5 . 5 . The damage-proof lathe processing auxiliary device according to claim 1 , wherein the cross section of the movable groove ( 38 ) is a regular quadrilateral. 6 . 6. An anti-damage lathe processing auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed piece (17), the first brake piece (15) and the second brake piece (14) are all Ceramic brake pad material. 7 . The damage-proof lathe processing auxiliary device according to claim 1 , wherein the medium between the first piston groove ( 19 ) and the second piston groove ( 29 ) is hydraulic oil. 8 .

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