CN110369749B - A kind of auxiliary device based on lathe processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an auxiliary device based on lathe machining, which comprises a brake disc, an outer sheath, a three-jaw chuck and an inner sheath. The outer side of the sleeve is provided with an outer sheath, the outer side of the top end of the outer sheath is wrapped with a brake disc, and the middle position of one end of the brake disc is provided with a fixing plate, and both sides inside the outer sheath are provided with Ring chute. In the present invention, three transmission shafts are evenly arranged at equal intervals on the inner side of the inner sheath, and a movable groove matched with the fixed column is arranged inside the transmission shaft, and the shape characteristics of the three-jaw chuck are cleverly used to align the inner sheath and the inner sheath with each other. The outer sheath is fixed at three points at the same time, and the fixing effect is good. The fixing column is used as a chuck key to match the square hole on the chuck, and the fixing column can be retracted inside the drive shaft, which is convenient for disassembly and installation of the device , which is convenient for installation and use of three-jaw chucks with square holes of different depths.

Description

A kind of auxiliary device based on lathe processing

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to an auxiliary device based on lathe processing.

Background technique

A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses turning tools to turn rotating workpieces. On the lathe, drills, reaming drills, reamers, taps, dies and knurling tools can also be used for corresponding processing.

The three-jaw chuck is a machine tool accessory that clamps and positions the workpiece by the radial movement of the three movable jaws evenly distributed on the chuck body. The three-jaw chuck consists of the chuck body, the movable jaw and the jaws. The drive mechanism is composed of the three-jaw chuck on the lower part of the guide part of the three jaws, and the thread meshes with the plane thread on the back of the bevel bevel gear. The flat thread of the machine simultaneously drives the three jaws to approach or withdraw from the center to clamp workpieces of different diameters.

At present, most of the existing lathes use a three-jaw chuck to clamp and fix the blank workpiece during the processing. After the workpiece is processed, it is necessary to wait for the three-jaw chuck to stop rotating and then manually operate the chuck key After aligning the square hole on the chuck, turn the chuck key to adjust the opening of the three-jaw chuck, take out the workpiece and re-place the blank workpiece for next processing for clamping, and then control the lathe work for cyclic processing. - Clamping of the blank workpiece - Unloading after the workpiece is processed - During the placement of the blank workpiece, the operator needs to spend a lot of time to operate, frequently control the closing and opening of the chuck, and frequently insert the chuck key. The disc is damaged, the labor intensity is large, and there is a large safety hazard, and it is not convenient to use the lathe that has been put into production after improvement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary device based on lathe processing, so as to solve the problem that in the process of processing the existing lathe proposed in the above-mentioned background art, most of the three-jaw chucks are used to clamp and fix the blank workpiece. After completion, you need to wait for the three-jaw chuck to stop rotating, then manually align the chuck key with the square hole on the chuck, then turn the chuck key to adjust the opening of the three-jaw chuck, take out the workpiece and place it again for the next processing After the blank workpiece is clamped, the lathe is controlled for cyclic processing, and the operator needs to spend more time in the process of placing the blank workpiece - clamping the blank workpiece - unloading after the workpiece is processed - placing the blank workpiece To operate, frequently control the closing and opening of the chuck, and frequently insert the chuck key, it is easy to cause damage to the chuck, the labor intensity is large, and there is a greater safety hazard, which is inconvenient to improve the use of the lathe that has been put into production.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an auxiliary device based on lathe processing, comprising a brake disc, an outer sheath, a three-jaw chuck and an inner sheath, and the outer sleeve of the three-jaw chuck is provided with a an inner sheath, an outer sheath is provided on the outer side of the inner sheath, a brake disc is wrapped on the outer side of the top end of the outer sheath, and a fixing plate is arranged at the middle position of one end of the brake disc, and the outer sheath is Both sides inside the sleeve are provided with annular sliding grooves, both sides of the outer side wall of the inner sheath are provided with annular sliding plates matched with the annular sliding grooves, and the outer side walls of the inner sheath are equally spaced between the annular sliding plates on both sides. There are 3 installation grooves evenly arranged, the outer side wall of the inner sheath at the position of the installation groove is installed with a rotating shaft through a bearing, a cylindrical gear is fixed on the outer side of one end of the rotating shaft, and a cylindrical gear is fixed on the rotating shaft on one side of the cylindrical gear. For the first bevel gear, a through hole is provided on the inner sheath on one side of the installation groove, one end of the through hole is communicated with the installation groove, and the other end of the through hole penetrates through the inner sheath and extends to the inner sheath At the position of the inner side wall, a transmission shaft is installed inside the through hole through a bearing, and one end of the transmission shaft extends to the position of the installation groove and is provided with a second bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear. The inside of the end of the transmission shaft away from the installation groove is provided with a movable groove, and the interior of the movable groove is inserted with a fixed column that matches the square hole on the three-jaw chuck. There is a compression spring between them, the inner side wall of the outer sheath in the same vertical plane of the cylindrical gear is uniformly arranged with gear teeth meshing with the cylindrical gear in a ring shape, and the inner side of the outer sheath on one side of the gear teeth A groove is arranged on the wall, a first piston groove is arranged inside the outer sheath at the position of the groove, a first piston is arranged inside the first piston groove, and the top of the first piston is connected to the first piston. A return spring is arranged between the grooves, a first extrusion rod is arranged at the middle position of the bottom end of the first piston, and the bottom of the first extrusion rod extends to the inside of the groove and is provided with a matching inner sheath. Fixing piece, the thickness of the fixing piece is the same as the thickness of the groove, and the fixing piece and the groove are arc-shaped, and there are 3 second piston grooves evenly arranged in the inside of the outer sheath, and the second piston groove is equidistant. There are connecting holes between the first piston grooves below the first piston, one end of the outer sheath is provided with an extrusion sleeve, and the extrusion sleeves at the position of the second piston groove are welded with a second extrusion sleeve. The end of the second extrusion rod away from the extrusion sleeve extends to the inside of the second piston groove and is provided with a second piston matched with the second piston groove. The brake at the same height position of the inner sheath A pair of first cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the two sides corresponding to the outer side wall of the disc, and the output ends of the first cylinders extend to the inner side of the brake disc and are provided with first brake pads matched with the inner sheath. A first communication pipe is connected between a cylinder, a first conduit is connected to the first communication pipe, and the end of the first conduit away from the first communication pipe is provided with a first foot switch, and the outer sheath has the same height A pair of second cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides corresponding to the outer side wall of the brake disc at the position, and the output ends of the second cylinders extend to the inner side of the brake disc and are provided with a second brake which is matched with the outer sheath. piece, second gas at both ends A second communication pipe is connected between the cylinders, the second communication pipe is connected with a second conduit, and one end of the second conduit away from the second communication pipe is provided with a second foot switch.

Preferably, the included angle between two adjacent fixing posts on the inner side of the inner sheath is 120 degrees.

Preferably, the cross section of the movable groove is a regular quadrilateral.

Preferably, the fixed piece, the first brake piece and the second brake piece can all be made of ceramic brake piece materials.

Preferably, the medium between the first piston groove and the second piston groove may be hydraulic oil.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1: The present invention is provided with an inner sheath and an outer sheath on the outside of the three-jaw chuck respectively, and between the inner sheath and the outer sheath is provided with mutually meshing cylindrical gears and gear teeth, and the brake disc. In cooperation, when the second brake pad brakes the extrusion sleeve and the outer sheath, the rotation of the three-jaw chuck drives the inner sheath to rotate, and the rotation of the inner sheath causes the three drive shafts on the inner sheath to rotate. It revolves around the axis of the three-jaw chuck, and during the revolution of the transmission shaft, it cooperates with the gear teeth inside the outer sheath to generate rotation, and adjusts the clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck, thereby controlling the rotation of the headstock of the lathe. The clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck can be adjusted, and no additional power is required to control the clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck. It is easy to use, reduces labor intensity, reduces safety hazards during lathe processing, and increases workpiece production efficiency. , improve production efficiency.

2: The present invention is provided with a brake disc, and a pair of first brake pads and second brake pads are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the brake disc, and the braking of the brake pads is controlled by a foot switch, On the one hand, it is convenient to realize the automatic clamping and loosening of the three-jaw chuck, and no manual operation is required. The use of the brake disc is controlled by the foot switch, which reduces the intensity of hand operation and avoids that many hand operation steps affect the normal operation of the lathe. , and the use of the first brake pad can also quickly brake the inner sheath and the three-jaw chuck after the workpiece is processed, shorten the processing time due to the inertial rotation after the three-jaw chuck is processed, and improve production. In emergency situations, the first brake pad can be used for emergency braking of the three-jaw chuck, which increases the safety of lathe processing.

3: By arranging 3 transmission shafts at equal intervals on the inner side of the inner sheath, and with a movable groove matching the fixed column inside the transmission shaft, the shape characteristics of the three-jaw chuck are cleverly used to adjust the inner sheath and the inner sheath. The outer sheath is fixed at three points at the same time, and the fixing effect is good. The fixing column is used as the chuck key to match the square hole on the chuck, and the fixing column can be retracted inside the drive shaft, which is convenient for disassembly and installation of the device , which is convenient for installation and use of three-jaw chucks with square holes of different depths.

4: The present invention can be directly installed on a lathe that has been put into production for auxiliary use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the side view structure schematic diagram that the present invention is installed on the three-jaw chuck;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal side view of the brake disc installed on the three-jaw chuck according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention after the brake disc is removed and installed on the three-jaw chuck;

4 is a schematic diagram of the inner frontal structure of the inner sheath and the outer sheath of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the inner frontal structure of the outer sheath of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the outer sheath side of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal frontal structure of the inner sheath of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the inner sheath side of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission shaft of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, the second cylinder; 2, the fixed plate; 3, the first connecting pipe; 4, the brake disc; 5, the second connecting pipe; 6, the first cylinder; 7, the outer sheath; 8, the three claws Chuck; 9, Squeeze sleeve; 10, Second foot switch; 11, First foot switch; 12, Second conduit; 13, First conduit; 14, Second brake pad; 15, First system Moving plate; 16, inner sheath; 17, fixed plate; 18, first extrusion rod; 19, first piston groove; 20, return spring; 21, first piston; 22, groove; 23, shaft; 24 , installation groove; 25, through hole; 26, gear teeth; 27, transmission shaft; 28, fixed column; 29, second piston groove; 30, connecting hole; 31, annular chute; 32, second piston; 33, 34, annular slide plate; 35, cylindrical gear; 36, first bevel gear; 37, second bevel gear; 38, movable groove; 39, squeeze spring.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

1-9, an embodiment provided by the present invention: an auxiliary device based on lathe processing, including a brake disc 4, an outer sheath 7, a three-jaw chuck 8 and an inner sheath 16, the three-jaw clamp The outer side of the disk 8 is provided with an inner sheath 16, the outer side of the inner sheath 16 is provided with an outer sheath 7, and the outer side of the top of the outer sheath 7 is wrapped with the brake disk 4, and the middle position of one end of the brake disk 4 is located. There is a fixed plate 2, both sides inside the outer sheath 7 are provided with annular sliding grooves 31, both sides of the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16 are provided with annular sliding plates 34 that match the annular sliding grooves 31, and annular sliding plates on both sides are provided. There are 3 installation grooves 24 evenly arranged on the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16 between 34 and 34. The outer side wall of the inner sheath 16 at the position of the installation groove 24 is equipped with a rotating shaft 23 through a bearing, and the outer side of one end of the rotating shaft 23 is fixed with a rotating shaft 23. The cylindrical gear 35, the first bevel gear 36 is fixed on the rotating shaft 23 on one side of the cylindrical gear 35, the inner sheath 16 on the side of the installation groove 24 is provided with a through hole 25, and one end of the through hole 25 is communicated with the installation groove 24, The other end of the through hole 25 penetrates through the inner sheath 16 and extends to the position of the inner side wall of the inner sheath 16 , the inside of the through hole 25 is mounted with a transmission shaft 27 through a bearing, and one end of the transmission shaft 27 extends to the position of the installation groove 24 A second bevel gear 37 meshing with the first bevel gear 36 is also provided. The inner end of the transmission shaft 27 away from the mounting groove 24 is provided with a movable groove 38. The cross-section of the movable groove 38 is a regular quadrilateral. The fixed column 28 is adapted to the square hole on the three-jaw chuck 8. The fixed column 28 is in the shape of a regular square, and a compression spring 39 is arranged between the fixed column 28 and the movable groove 38. The inner side of the inner sheath 16 is adjacent to two The angle between the fixed columns 28 is 120 degrees, and the inner sidewall of the outer sheath 7 in the same vertical plane of the cylindrical gear 35 is uniformly arranged in a ring shape with gear teeth 26 meshing with the cylindrical gear 35. A groove 22 is provided on the inner side wall of the outer sheath 7 on the side, and a first piston groove 19 is provided inside the outer sheath 7 at the position of the groove 22, and a first piston 21 is provided inside the first piston groove 19. A return spring 20 is provided between the top of the piston 21 and the first piston groove 19 , a first extrusion rod 18 is provided at the middle position of the bottom end of the first piston 21 , and the bottom of the first extrusion rod 18 extends to the inside of the groove 22 There is also a fixing piece 17 matched with the inner sheath 16, the thickness of the fixing piece 17 is consistent with the thickness of the groove 22, and the fixing piece 17 and the groove 22 are both arc-shaped, and the interior of the outer sheath 7 is evenly arranged at equal intervals. There are three second piston grooves 29 , connecting holes 30 are provided between the second piston groove 29 and the first piston groove 19 below the first piston 21 , and the medium between the first piston groove 19 and the second piston groove 29 It can be hydraulic oil. One end of the outer sheath 7 is provided with an extrusion sleeve 9. The extrusion sleeve 9 at the position of the second piston groove 29 is welded with a second extrusion rod 33. The second extrusion rod 33 is far away from the extrusion. One end of the sleeve 9 extends to the inside of the second piston groove 29 and is provided with a second piston 32 matched with the second piston groove 29, and the two sides corresponding to the outer side wall of the brake disc 4 at the same height position of the inner sheath 16 are provided. A pair of first cylinders 6 are symmetrically arranged, and the output ends of the first cylinders 6 both extend to the inner side of the brake disc 4 and are provided with first brake pads 15 matched with the inner sheath 16, between the first cylinders 6 at both ends A first communication pipe 3 is connected, a first conduit 13 is connected to the first communication pipe 3, and one end of the first conduit 13 away from the first communication pipe 3 is provided with a first foot switch 11, and the outer sheath 7 is at the same height position A pair of second cylinders 1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer side wall of the brake disc 4 at The brake pads 14, the fixed pads 17, the first brake pads 15 and the second brake pads 14 can all be made of ceramic brake pads, and a second communication pipe 5 is connected between the second cylinders 1 at both ends. 5 is connected with a second conduit 12 , and one end of the second conduit 12 away from the second communication pipe 5 is provided with a second foot switch 10 .

Working principle: When auxiliary processing of the lathe is required, the fixed column 28 is squeezed and contracted to the inside of the transmission shaft 27, and the position of the fixed column 28 is aligned with the square hole on the three-jaw chuck 8, and the outer sheath 7 The inner sheath 16 is integrally sleeved on the outer side of the three-jaw chuck 8 . When the inner sheath 16 and the outer sheath 7 are integrally sleeved on the three-jaw chuck 8 , the fixed column 28 is squeezed by the compression spring 39 . The function is inserted into the square hole on the three-jaw chuck 8 to complete the integral fixing of the inner sheath 16 and the outer sheath 7, the brake disc 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the outer sheath 7, and the fixing plate 2 is used to brake the The plate 4 is fixed with the lathe. The fixing method can be welding. The first foot switch 11 and the second foot switch 10 are connected to an external air pump to complete the installation of the device. The second foot switch 10 controls the second air cylinder 1 to ventilate and then expand, and squeeze the second brake pad 14 to clamp and fix the outer sheath 7 and the extrusion sleeve 9 fixed on the outer sheath 7 . Squeeze the hydraulic oil in one of the second piston grooves 29 to the inside of the first piston groove 19 , squeeze the first piston 21 to overcome the return spring 20 to drive the fixed piece 17 up, and the fixed piece 17 is separated from the outer side of the inner sheath 16 Behind the wall, the inner sheath 16 can easily rotate along the annular chute 31 on the inner side of the outer sheath 7. At this time, the headstock of the lathe is controlled to rotate forward, and the three-jaw chuck 8 is driven to rotate. The transmission shaft 27 and the fixing column 28 have fixed the inner sheath 16 on the outside of the three-jaw chuck 8, then the rotation of the three-jaw chuck 8 drives the inner sheath 16 to rotate, and the rotation of the inner sheath 16 makes the installation groove 24 position. The cylindrical gear 35 and the gear teeth 26 on the inner side of the outer sheath 7 cooperate with each other to drive the rotating shaft 23 to rotate, and use the mutual meshing of the first bevel gear 36 and the second bevel gear 37 to generate the transmission shaft 27 and the fixed column 28 are perpendicular to the three claws. The self-rotation effect of the chuck clamps and fixes the workpiece. After the fixing is completed, the spindle box is turned on to rotate and the second foot switch 10 is loosened, so that the fixing piece 17 is in conflict with the outer side wall of the inner sheath 16, and the spindle box is rotated again. Drive the three-jaw chuck 8, the inner sheath 16, the outer sheath 7 and the clamped workpiece to rotate for production and processing. When the workpiece is processed, turn off the power of the spindle box and step on the first foot switch 11 to control the first system. The moving plate 15 brakes the inner sheath 16, the three-jaw chuck 8, the outer sheath 7 and the workpiece to avoid the disadvantage that the chuck can only stop after a period of time due to inertial rotation. After the turntable stops, loosen the first foot switch 11 And step on the second foot switch 10 again, the spindle box drives the three-jaw chuck 8 to reverse, resulting in a loosening effect on the three-jaw chuck 8, and the finished workpiece can be quickly removed.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the claims. All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an auxiliary device based on lathe processing, includes brake disc (4), oversheath (7), three-jaw chuck (8) and inner sheath (16), its characterized in that: the outer side cover of three-jaw chuck (8) is equipped with inner sheath (16), the outer side cover of inner sheath (16) is equipped with oversheath (7), the outside parcel on oversheath (7) top has brake disc (4), and the intermediate position department of brake disc (4) one end is equipped with fixed plate (2), the inside both sides of oversheath (7) all are equipped with annular chute (31), the both sides of inner sheath (16) lateral wall all are equipped with annular slide (34) with annular chute (31) matched with, and equidistant evenly arranged 3 mounting grooves (24) on inner sheath (16) lateral wall between both sides annular slide (34), all install pivot (23) through the bearing on inner sheath (16) lateral wall of mounting groove (24) position department, the outside of pivot (23) one end is fixed with cylindrical gear (35), be fixed with first bevel gear (36) on pivot (23) of cylindrical gear (35) one side, a through hole (25) is formed in the inner sheath (16) on one side of the mounting groove (24), one end of the through hole (25) is communicated with the mounting groove (24), the other end of the through hole (25) penetrates through the inner sheath (16) and extends to the position of the inner side wall of the inner sheath (16), transmission shafts (27) are mounted inside the through hole (25) through bearings, one ends of the transmission shafts (27) extend to the position of the mounting groove (24) and are provided with second bevel gears (37) meshed with the first bevel gears (36), movable grooves (38) are formed in the transmission shafts (27) far away from one end of the mounting groove (24), fixed columns (28) matched with square holes in the three-jaw chuck (8) penetrate through the movable grooves (38), the fixed columns (28) are in a regular quadrangular prism shape, and extrusion springs (39) are arranged between the fixed columns (28) and the movable grooves (38), the gear teeth (26) meshed with the cylindrical gear (35) are uniformly arranged on the inner side wall of the outer sheath (7) in the same vertical plane of the cylindrical gear (35) in an annular and equidistant mode, a groove (22) is formed in the inner side wall of the outer sheath (7) on one side of the gear teeth (26), a first piston groove (19) is formed in the outer sheath (7) at the position of the groove (22), a first piston (21) is arranged in the first piston groove (19), a reset spring (20) is arranged between the top of the first piston (21) and the first piston groove (19), a first extrusion rod (18) is arranged at the middle position of the bottom end of the first piston (21), the bottom of the first extrusion rod (18) extends into the groove (22) and is provided with a fixing plate (17) matched with the inner sheath (16), and the thickness of the fixing plate (17) is consistent with that of the groove (22), and stationary blade (17) and recess (22) all are circular-arcly, 3 second piston grooves (29) have all been arranged to the equidistant equal interval in inside of oversheath (7), all be equipped with connecting hole (30) between first piston groove (19) of second piston groove (29) and first piston (21) below, the one end of oversheath (7) is equipped with extrusion cover (9), all weld on extrusion cover (9) of second piston groove (29) position department second extrusion pole (33), the one end that extrusion cover (9) were kept away from in second extrusion pole (33) all extends to inside of second piston groove (29) and is equipped with second piston (32) with second piston groove (29) matched with, the corresponding bilateral symmetry of brake disc (4) lateral wall of same high position department of inner sheath (16) is equipped with a pair of first cylinder (6), the output of first cylinder (6) all extends to brake disc (4) inboard and is equipped with the first piston groove (16) of matched with A brake block (15), a first communication pipe (3) is connected between first cylinders (6) at two ends, a first guide pipe (13) is connected on the first communication pipe (3), and one end of the first conduit (13) far away from the first communicating pipe (3) is provided with a first foot switch (11), a pair of second cylinders (1) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the outer side wall of the brake disc (4) at the same height position of the outer sheath (7), the output ends of the second cylinders (1) extend to the inner side of the brake disc (4) and are provided with second brake pads (14) matched with the outer sheath (7), a second communicating pipe (5) is connected between the second cylinders (1) at two ends, a second guide pipe (12) is connected on the second communicating pipe (5), and a second foot switch (10) is arranged at one end of the second conduit (12) far away from the second communicating pipe (5).

2. The lathe-based auxiliary device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an included angle between two adjacent fixing columns (28) on the inner side of the inner sheath (16) is 120 degrees.

3. The lathe-based auxiliary device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the movable groove (38) is in a regular quadrilateral shape.

4. The lathe-based auxiliary device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixing piece (17), the first brake block (15) and the second brake block (14) can be made of ceramic brake block materials.

5. The lathe-based auxiliary device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the medium between the first piston groove (19) and the second piston groove (29) may be hydraulic oil.

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