CN110349225A - A kind of BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method - Google Patents
A kind of BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting methods, comprising: S1, takes out the 3 D graphic data of original BIM model and constructs figure color mapping table；S2, dimension-reduction treatment is carried out to 3 D graphic data, is translated into point data and is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；S3, according to the point data saved in dimensionality reduction point array, construct dimensionality reduction polygon and simultaneously determine its external cube；S4, it is shot by each face of the virtual camera to external cube, obtains the rgb value of corresponding picture and each of which composition pixel；S5, according to the rgb value in each picture, obtain the graphical information in color of image mapping table, determine the exterior contour of BIM model.The method of the present invention can rapid batch extract the external cube of different BIM models, hardly need and manually intervened, BIM model silhouette extraction process quickly, efficiently and accurately rate is high, while using the data management of computer convenient storage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to BIM model treatment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of BIM model exterior contour rapidly extracting side
Method.
Background technique
Nowadays, BIM model develops in terms of refining generalization, and model detail wherein included is more and more and more next
It is bigger, cause model volume also increasing, brings huge challenge for carrying out BIM model display based on WEB, APP.It is real
So fine model is not needed on border in the rendering that large scene is shown, if can extract model silhouette data will make
Loading velocity is largely reduced with load data.
Model silhouette data are got in the past, using manually data processing is carried out to BIM model, will simulate profile
It takes off out, and deletes model therein, finally obtain model silhouette data, this kind of mode heavy workload is large quantities of in needs
When measuring data processing and it is not suitable for.
Therefore, the problem of existing BIM model silhouette extracting method, essentially consists in:
1, it needs manually one by one to handle BIM model, workload is huge；
2, because using artificial treatment, result data needs individually storage to be unfavorable for final-period management.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method provided by the invention is solved
The above problem in background technique.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of BIM model exterior contour quickly mentions
Take method, comprising the following steps:
S1, the 3 D graphic data for taking out original BIM model simultaneously construct figure color mapping table；
S2, dimension-reduction treatment is carried out to 3 D graphic data, is translated into point data and is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；
S3, according to the point data saved in dimensionality reduction point array, construct dimensionality reduction polygon and simultaneously determine its external cube；
S4, shot by each face of the virtual camera to external cube, obtain corresponding picture and each of which
The rgb value of group pixel；
S5, according to the rgb value in each picture, obtain the graphical information in color of image mapping table, determine BIM model
Exterior contour.
Further, the 3 D graphic data in the step S1 is the 3 D graphic data removed after additional information；
The 3 D graphic data includes main body pel and component pel；
Wherein, main body pel includes wall, floor, roof and stair；
Component pel includes beam, column, truss, reinforcing bar；
The additional information includes annotation pel and benchmark pel；
Wherein, annotation pel includes size marking, textual annotation, label and symbol；
Benchmark pel includes axis net, absolute altitude, reference plane.
Further, the method for figure color mapping table is constructed in the step S1 specifically:
Distribute each graph data of original BIM model to unique rgb value, all graph datas are corresponding with rgb value
Relationship is stored in graphic color mapping table, completes the building of graphic color mapping table.
Further, the step S2 specifically:
S21, traversal 3 D graphic data, the apex coordinate in 3 D graphic data are transformed into from local coordinate system whole
In body coordinate system；
S22, according to the apex coordinate of 3-D graphic in global coordinate system, 3 D graphic data is converted into corresponding two dimension
Graph data；
Two-dimension graphic data is converted to point data by S23, the graph style according to two-dimension graphic data, and is stored in pair
In the dimensionality reduction point array answered.
Further, the step S21 specifically:
By the apex coordinate O in local coordinate systembIt is multiplied with transition matrix P, obtains apex coordinate ObIn global coordinate system
Coordinate Oc；
Wherein, local coordinate system B=(b1,b2,b3), global coordinate system C=(c1,c2,c3)；
Transition matrix P are as follows:
P=[[b1]C,[b2]C,[b3]C]
In formula, []CAn axial vector of local coordinate B is converted to use global coordinate system C；
Coordinate O in global coordinate systemcAre as follows:
Oc=POc。
Further, the step S22 specifically:
The vertex data in all figures in global coordinate system is traversed, by the vertex data of each figure in three-dimensional coordinate
In Z axis value be disposed as 0, keep the Z axis value of all vertex data three-dimensional coordinates all the same, obtain 3 D graphic data and be converted into
Corresponding two-dimension graphic data.
Further, the graph style in the step S23 includes point, line and face；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is point, directly point data is stored in corresponding dimensionality reduction point array；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is line, the method that is converted to point data specifically:
The line segment for constituting the line is taken out, judges whether each composition line segment length is greater than the 10% of the line total length；
If so, corresponding line segment is split by midpoint, until all length for constituting line segment are respectively less than the line overall length
The point data of each two endpoints for constituting line segment is stored in dimensionality reduction point array by the 10% of degree；
If it is not, then the point data of corresponding two endpoints for constituting line segment is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is face, the method that is converted to point data specifically:
All vertex datas for constituting the face are taken out, its formation is determined by Graham scanning algorithm opposite vertexes data processing
Convex closure, the whole point datas for forming convex closure are stored in dimensionality reduction point array.
Further, the step S3 specifically:
All point datas saved in dimensionality reduction point array are taken out, the dimensionality reduction polygon that all the points are formed is calculated, dimensionality reduction is more
Side shape is stretched on Z axis, and the dimensionality reduction polygon after stretching is amplified in 20% ratio, is obtained corresponding external
Cube；
Wherein, it by dimensionality reduction polygon when being stretched on Z axis, is sat with vertex in 3-D graphic each in global coordinate system
The maxima and minima being marked on Z axis is that boundary is stretched；
Wherein, apex coordinate is the apex coordinate before 3 D graphic data dimensionality reduction.
Further, the step S5 specifically:
According to the rgb value in shooting picture, corresponding figure is taken out in graphic color mapping table and places pair in picture
Position is answered, the figure of all taking-ups is combined according to position, obtains the exterior contour of BIM model, realizes BIM model
The rapidly extracting of exterior contour.
The invention has the benefit that the exterior contour rapid extracting method that the present invention provides BIM model can rapid batch
The external cube for extracting different BIM models, hardly needs and is manually intervened, and BIM model silhouette extraction process is fast
Fast efficiently and accurately rate is high, while using the data management of computer convenient storage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method flow chart provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is provided by the invention by Graham scanning algorithm formation convex closure (dimensionality reduction polygon) effect diagram.
Fig. 3 is the 3 D graphic data schematic diagram of original BIM model in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the transformation result signal that 3 D graphic data dimensionality reduction is converted into point data in embodiment provided by the invention
Figure.
Fig. 5 is the dimensionality reduction polygon schematic diagram of the BIM model provided by the invention by Graham scanning algorithm, obtained.
Fig. 6 is shooting schematic diagram when shooting extraneous cube in embodiment provided by the invention by virtual camera.
Fig. 7 is the BIM model exterior contour schematic diagram obtained by the method for the invention in embodiment provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method, comprising the following steps:
S1, the 3 D graphic data for taking out original BIM model simultaneously construct figure color mapping table；
S2, dimension-reduction treatment is carried out to 3 D graphic data, is translated into point data and is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；
S3, according to the point data saved in dimensionality reduction point array, construct dimensionality reduction polygon and simultaneously determine its external cube；
S4, shot by each face of the virtual camera to external cube, obtain corresponding picture and each of which
The rgb value of group pixel；
It when shooting extraneous cube, does not need to shoot its bottom surface, because actually checking BIM model
Exterior contour when do not need to check bottom；
S5, according to the rgb value in each picture, obtain the graphical information in color of image mapping table, determine BIM model
Exterior contour.
3 D graphic data in above-mentioned steps S1 is the 3 D graphic data removed after additional information；
3 D graphic data is primitive data, including main body pel and component pel；Wherein, main body pel includes wall, building
Plate, roof and stair etc. represent the main component in practical building；Component pel includes beam, column, truss, reinforcing bar etc.；
Additional information is non-graphic pel, including annotation pel and benchmark pel；Wherein, annotation pel includes size mark
Note, textual annotation, label and symbol etc.；Benchmark pel includes axis net, absolute altitude, reference plane etc..
The method of figure color mapping table is constructed in above-mentioned steps S1 specifically:
Distribute each graph data of original BIM model to unique rgb value, all graph datas are corresponding with rgb value
Relationship is stored in graphic color mapping table, completes the building of graphic color mapping table.
Different colors is distinguished by the value of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) three colors in computer.
Above-mentioned steps S2 specifically:
S21, traversal 3 D graphic data, the apex coordinate in 3 D graphic data are transformed into from local coordinate system whole
In body coordinate system；
S22, according to the apex coordinate of 3-D graphic in global coordinate system, 3 D graphic data is converted into corresponding two dimension
Graph data；
Two-dimension graphic data is converted to point data by S23, the graph style according to two-dimension graphic data, and is stored in pair
In the dimensionality reduction point array answered.
Above-mentioned steps S21 specifically:
By the apex coordinate O in local coordinate systembIt is multiplied with transition matrix P, obtains apex coordinate ObIn global coordinate system
Coordinate Oc；
Wherein, local coordinate system B=(b1,b2,b3), global coordinate system C=(c1,c2,c3)；
Transition matrix P are as follows:
P=[[b1]C,[b2]C,[b3]C]
In formula, []CAn axial vector of local coordinate B is converted to use global coordinate system C；
Coordinate O in global coordinate systemcAre as follows:
Oc=POc。
[·]CCalculating process are as follows:
IfThen it defines
To release these three equations simultaneously, so by [b1,b2,b3] be expanded to coefficient matrix and carry out abbreviation,
Linear algebra rudimentary knowledge, is obtained using Gaussian elimination method:
[c1,c2,c3|b1,b2,b3]→[I|[b1]C,[b2]C,[b3]C]
Wherein, I is unit matrix, [b1]C,[b2]C,[b3]CFor transition matrix P.
Above-mentioned steps S22 specifically:
The vertex data in all figures in global coordinate system is traversed, by the vertex data of each figure in three-dimensional coordinate
In Z axis value be disposed as 0, keep the Z axis value of all vertex data three-dimensional coordinates all the same, obtain 3 D graphic data and be converted into
Corresponding two-dimension graphic data.
Graph style in above-mentioned steps S23 includes point, line and face；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is point, directly point data is stored in corresponding dimensionality reduction point array；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is line, the method that is converted to point data specifically:
The line segment for constituting the line is taken out, judges whether each composition line segment length is greater than the 10% of the line total length；
If so, corresponding line segment is split by midpoint, until all length for constituting line segment are respectively less than the line overall length
The point data of each two endpoints for constituting line segment is stored in dimensionality reduction point array by the 10% of degree；
If it is not, then the point data of corresponding two endpoints for constituting line segment is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is face, the method that is converted to point data specifically:
All vertex datas for constituting the face are taken out, its formation is determined by Graham scanning algorithm opposite vertexes data processing
Convex closure, the whole point datas for forming convex closure are stored in dimensionality reduction point array.
Above-mentioned steps S3 specifically:
All point datas saved in dimensionality reduction point array are taken out, the dimensionality reduction polygon that all the points are formed is calculated, dimensionality reduction is more
Side shape is stretched on Z axis, and the dimensionality reduction polygon after stretching is amplified in 20% ratio, is obtained corresponding external
Cube；
Wherein, it by dimensionality reduction polygon when being stretched on Z axis, is sat with vertex in 3-D graphic each in global coordinate system
The maxima and minima being marked on Z axis is that boundary is stretched；
Wherein, apex coordinate is the apex coordinate before 3 D graphic data dimensionality reduction, and minimum value and maximum value determine its drawing
Stretch height.
Above-mentioned steps S5 specifically:
According to the rgb value in shooting picture, corresponding figure is taken out in graphic color mapping table and places pair in picture
Position is answered, the figure of all taking-ups is combined according to position, obtains the exterior contour of BIM model, realizes BIM model
The rapidly extracting of exterior contour.
It is a computational geometry (figure that convex closure (Convex Hull) is used in above-mentioned BIM model exterior contour extraction process
Learn) in concept.In a real vector SPACE V, for giving set X, the intersection S of all convex sets comprising X is referred to as X
Convex closure.The convex closure of X can be constructed with the convex combination of all the points in X (X1 ... Xn)；It is popular say that convex closure is exactly will be outermost
The point of layer connects the convex polygon of composition, it can concentrate all points comprising point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the implementation procedure of Graham scanning algorithm is provided:
(1) a reference point P0, reference point P0 is selected to be chosen at abscissa most first in the point of convex closure calculating to be carried out
The smallest point of ordinate is taken in the case where small；
(2) once the coordinate translation of all the points, make P0 as origin；
(3) the argument α of each point and P0 is calculated, is angularly sorted by sequence from small to large to each point, ranking results are put
In access point bit array, P0 will be placed above the other things；When α is identical, distance P0 it is closer come front；
(4) first point P0 and second point P1 is taken out from bit array, is put into stack.
(5) the subsequent point of P1, i.e. P2, using P2 as current point are taken out.
(6) point for connecting P0 and stack top, obtains straight line L；
Judge that current point is on the right or the left side of straight line L；
If being carried out step (7) on the right of straight line；
If on straight line, or on the left side of straight line being carried out step (8).
(7) if on the right, that element of stack top is not the point on convex closure, stack top element is popped, executes step
(4)。
(8) current point is the point on convex closure, is pressed into stack, is executed step (9).
(9) check whether current point puts the last one element in bit array；
It is that the last one element terminates；
Current point, return step (6) are done if not that point behind current point.
As shown in Fig. 2, for the convex closure figure formed by above-mentioned algorithm.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the exterior contour extraction process to the BIM model of a solitary building is provided
In each stage effect diagram:
(1) 3 D graphic data for taking out original BIM model is as shown in Figure 3；
(2) 3 D graphic data is subjected to dimensionality reduction and is converted into point data, transformation result is as shown in Figure 4；
(3) by Graham scanning algorithm, it is as shown in Figure 5 to obtain dimensionality reduction polygon (convex closure)；
(4) dimensionality reduction polygon is handled to obtain extraneous cube and is shot by virtual camera as shown in Figure 6；Its
Middle arrow direction is the shooting direction of virtual camera；
(5) by shooting rgb value and the comparison of graphic color mapping table of picture, what the corresponding figure of extraction and merging obtained
BIM model exterior contour is as shown in Figure 7.
The invention has the benefit that the exterior contour rapid extracting method that the present invention provides BIM model can rapid batch
The external cube for extracting different BIM models, hardly needs and is manually intervened, and BIM model silhouette extraction process is fast
Fast efficiently and accurately rate is high, while using the data management of computer convenient storage.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method, which comprises the following steps:
S1, the 3 D graphic data for taking out original BIM model simultaneously construct figure color mapping table；
S2, dimension-reduction treatment is carried out to 3 D graphic data, is translated into point data and is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；
S3, according to the point data saved in dimensionality reduction point array, construct dimensionality reduction polygon and simultaneously determine its external cube；
S4, it is shot by each face of the virtual camera to external cube, obtains corresponding picture and each of which composition
The rgb value of pixel；
S5, according to the rgb value in each picture, obtain the graphical information in color of image mapping table, determine the outside of BIM model
Profile.
2. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1
3 D graphic data be remove additional information after 3 D graphic data；
The 3 D graphic data includes main body pel and component pel；
Wherein, main body pel includes wall, floor, roof and stair；
Component pel includes beam, column, truss, reinforcing bar；
The additional information includes annotation pel and benchmark pel；
Wherein, annotation pel includes size marking, textual annotation, label and symbol；
Benchmark pel includes axis net, absolute altitude, reference plane.
3. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1
The method for constructing figure color mapping table specifically:
Each graph data of original BIM model is distributed to unique rgb value, by the corresponding relationship of all graph datas and rgb value
It is stored in graphic color mapping table, completes the building of graphic color mapping table.
4. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S2 tool
Body are as follows:
S21, traversal 3 D graphic data, are transformed into whole seat for the apex coordinate in 3 D graphic data from local coordinate system
In mark system；
S22, according to the apex coordinate of 3-D graphic in global coordinate system, 3 D graphic data is converted into corresponding X-Y scheme
Data；
Two-dimension graphic data is converted to point data, and is stored in corresponding by S23, the graph style according to two-dimension graphic data
In dimensionality reduction point array.
5. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step S21 tool
Body are as follows:
By the apex coordinate O in local coordinate systembIt is multiplied with transition matrix P, obtains apex coordinate ObSeat in global coordinate system
Mark Oc；
Wherein, local coordinate system B=(b1,b2,b3), global coordinate system C=(c1,c2,c3)；
Transition matrix P are as follows:
P=[[b1]C,[b2]C,[b3]C]
In formula, []CAn axial vector of local coordinate B is converted to use global coordinate system C；
Coordinate O in global coordinate systemcAre as follows:
Oc=POc。
6. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step S22 tool
Body are as follows:
The vertex data in all figures in global coordinate system is traversed, by the vertex data of each figure in three-dimensional coordinate
Z axis value is disposed as 0, keeps the Z axis value of all vertex data three-dimensional coordinates all the same, obtains 3 D graphic data and is converted into corresponding to
Two-dimension graphic data.
7. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step S23
Graph style include point, line and face；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is point, directly point data is stored in corresponding dimensionality reduction point array；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is line, the method that is converted to point data specifically:
The line segment for constituting the line is taken out, judges whether each composition line segment length is greater than the 10% of the line total length；
If so, corresponding line segment is split by midpoint, until all length for constituting line segment are respectively less than the line total length
10%, the point data of each two endpoints for constituting line segment is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；
If it is not, then the point data of corresponding two endpoints for constituting line segment is stored in dimensionality reduction point array；
When the graph style of two-dimension graphic data is face, the method that is converted to point data specifically:
All vertex datas for constituting the face are taken out, determine that it is formed convex by Graham scanning algorithm opposite vertexes data processing
Packet, the whole point datas for forming convex closure are stored in dimensionality reduction point array.
8. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S3 tool
Body are as follows:
All point datas saved in dimensionality reduction point array are taken out, the dimensionality reduction polygon that all the points are formed are calculated, by dimensionality reduction polygon
It is stretched on Z axis, and the dimensionality reduction polygon after stretching is amplified in 20% ratio, obtain corresponding external cube
Body；
Wherein, by dimensionality reduction polygon when being stretched on Z axis, existed with apex coordinate in 3-D graphic each in global coordinate system
Maxima and minima on Z axis is that boundary is stretched；
Wherein, apex coordinate is the apex coordinate before 3 D graphic data dimensionality reduction.
9. BIM model exterior contour rapid extracting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S5 tool
Body are as follows:
According to the rgb value in shooting picture, corresponding figure is taken out in graphic color mapping table and places the correspondence position in picture
It sets, the figure of all taking-ups is combined according to position, obtain the exterior contour of BIM model, realize outside BIM model
The rapidly extracting of profile.
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