CN110342463A - a reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a reactor. The reactor includes: a shell, an accommodating chamber is formed in the housing; a partition is arranged in the accommodating chamber to divide the accommodating chamber into a first compartment and a second compartment, a first protrusion is formed on the partition, and the first The protrusion extends toward the first compartment, a first cavity is formed in the first protrusion, the first cavity communicates with the second compartment to form a first cavity, and the first inlet and the first outlet are connected to the first compartment The second inlet and the second outlet communicate with the second compartment, the first compartment accommodates one of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst, and the first compartment accommodates the other of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst one. The invention combines two systems of catalytic combustion heat supply and catalytic reforming hydrogen production, and uses the catalytic combustion system to provide heat to the methanol reforming hydrogen production unit. Through the structural design between the two, effective heat supply and efficient utilization are realized. Break through the miniaturization and light weight difficulties of methanol reforming hydrogen production system, and realize the expansion of its application field.

Description

a reactor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of reforming hydrogen production, in particular to a reactor.

Background technique

Hydrogen production by methanol steam reforming has high hydrogen production efficiency, clean and pollution-free production process, and controllable equipment size; it is easy to integrate with hydrogen refueling stations, fuel cells, etc. With the increasingly urgent demand for clean energy in production and life, the demand for methanol reforming hydrogen production technology has been continuously expanded. With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and new energy power systems, the integration of methanol reforming hydrogen production equipment and fuel cells as a continuous supply module of electric energy in new energy power systems has become a hot research topic in the industry and scientific research circles in recent years.

However, as a vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted methanol hydrogen production system, it has higher requirements for the miniaturization, light weight and high efficiency of methanol reforming equipment. At present, most methanol reforming hydrogen production systems are suitable for fixed occasions, and cannot be carried on vehicles or ships.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reactor (for methanol reforming hydrogen production) to solve the technical problem that the current reactor is not miniaturized, lightweight and efficient enough. The specific plan is as follows:

A reactor comprising:

A housing, wherein an accommodation chamber is formed in the housing, and the housing is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet, and a second outlet;

a partition, the partition is arranged in the accommodating chamber to divide the accommodating chamber into a first compartment and a second compartment, a first protrusion is formed on the partition, and the first protrusion Extending towards the first compartment, a first cavity is formed in the first protrusion, the first cavity communicates with the second compartment to form a first cavity, the first inlet and The first outlet communicates with the first compartment, the second inlet and the second outlet communicate with the second compartment, and the first compartment accommodates one of a combustion catalyst and a reforming catalyst Alternatively, the first cavity accommodates the other of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, a second protrusion is formed on the separator, the second protrusion extends toward the second compartment, and a second cavity is formed in the second protrusion , the second cavity communicates with the first compartment to form a second cavity, and one of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst is accommodated in the first cavity, and in the second cavity The other of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst is accommodated.

In the reactor described in the present invention, preferably, both the first protrusion and the second protrusion are plural.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, the first protrusions and the second protrusions are arranged alternately along the length direction of the partition.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, the first protrusions and the second protrusions are arranged alternately in the width direction of the separator.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, the orthographic projection of the first protrusion on the first plane is the first projection, and the orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the first plane is the second projection , the first plane extends along the length and width directions of the partition, and edges adjacent to the first projection and the second projection are in contact.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, the shape and area of the first projection and the second projection are the same.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, the shapes of the first projection and the second projection are rectangle or circle.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, the contacting edges of the adjacent first projection and the second projection have the same length and overlap completely.

In the reactor according to the present invention, preferably, the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst are respectively pasted on both sides of the partition.

The invention combines two systems of catalytic combustion heat supply and catalytic reforming hydrogen production, and uses the catalytic combustion system to provide heat to the methanol reforming hydrogen production unit. Through the structural design between the two, the effective supply and efficient utilization of heat are realized. Break through the miniaturization and light weight difficulties of methanol reforming hydrogen production system, and realize the expansion of its application field.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a preferred technical solution as follows: the reforming catalyst is selected from one or at least two of noble metal-based catalysts, copper-based catalysts, and nickel-based catalysts;

The reforming catalyst of the present invention is prepared as follows:

Add the active ingredient solution dropwise to the orthosilicic acid solution, adjust the pH value to neutral, dry to form a gel, and bake it at 250°C-450°C; wherein, the active ingredient solution contains copper ions (Cu ²⁺ ) , a solution of aluminum ions (Al ³⁺ ) and zinc ions (Zn ²⁺ ).

Preferably, in the method, the orthosilicic acid solution is an aqueous solution of orthosilicic acid with a mass concentration between 5% and 20%.

Preferably, in the active ingredient solution, the metal ion is provided in the form of nitrate. The nitrate has the advantage of good solubility, and the nitrate can be decomposed to form oxides during the heating process. At the same time, it plays the role of foaming, so that the prepared catalyst has a larger surface area and lower density.

In the method, preferably, the drying is: drying at a temperature not higher than 130°C.

The method, preferably, adds the active ingredient solution dropwise to the orthosilicic acid solution, adjusts the pH value to neutral, then dries to form a gel, and after roasting at 250°C-450°C, it also includes the steps of grinding, washing and roasting again .

The grinding is: grinding the product obtained after roasting to a powder of less than 50 mesh;

The cleaning is: washing the product obtained after grinding with dilute nitric acid for at least 5 times;

The re-baking is firing at 250°C-450°C.

In the method, preferably, the step of adjusting the pH value is completed by adding alkali dropwise, more preferably the alkali is sodium hydroxide.

By adopting the new catalyst provided by the invention, the catalyst converts the physical loading between the catalyst active component and the catalyst carrier in the traditional catalyst into chemical loading. And the combination mode of the active components and the composition ratio between the active components and the carrier are optimized, and the catalyst prepared by the method provided by the invention has higher catalytic activity, better stability and weather resistance. The above catalyst has excellent application performance in catalytic methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction.

Of course, implementing any product or method of the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages at the same time.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the reactor provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the axial cross-sectional structure of the reactor provided by the present invention.

Reference signs:

101: shell;

102: accommodating cavity;

103: first entrance;

104: the first exit;

105: Second entrance;

106: the second exit;

107: clapboard;

108: first compartment;

109: second compartment;

110: first protrusion;

111: first cavity;

112: the first cavity;

113: second protrusion;

114: second cavity;

115: the second cavity.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

In conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2, present embodiment provides a kind of reactor, comprises:

A housing 101, in which an accommodating cavity 102 is formed, and a first inlet 103, a first outlet 104, a second inlet 105, and a second outlet 106 are provided on the housing 101;

A partition 107, the partition 107 is arranged in the accommodating chamber 102 to divide the accommodating chamber 102 into a first compartment 108 and a second compartment 109, and a first protrusion is formed on the partition 107 110, the first protrusion 110 extends toward the first compartment 108, a first cavity 111 is formed in the first protrusion 110, and the first cavity 111 is connected to the second compartment 109 To form a first cavity 112, the first inlet 103 and the first outlet 104 communicate with the first compartment 108, the second inlet 105 and the second outlet 106 communicate with the second compartment 109 One of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst is contained in the first compartment 108 , and the other of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst is contained in the first cavity 112 .

The housing is thus divided into a first compartment and a second compartment by the partition. Taking the combustion catalyst contained in the first compartment and the reforming catalyst contained in the second compartment as an example, when the reactor is used to carry out methanol reforming reaction, after the gas methanol and air are mixed, they enter through the first inlet, In contact with the combustion catalyst in the first compartment, it can burn and release a large amount of heat; the heat can be transferred from the first compartment to the second compartment by the partition; methanol and water enter through the second inlet after vaporization, It is in contact with the reforming catalyst in the second compartment, and the reforming reaction takes place under the action of the reforming catalyst to generate hydrogen-rich mixed gas. Under the limitation of the above solution, the heat generated by the catalytic combustion reaction is utilized, and the volume of the overall reactor can be reduced, but due to the setting of the first cavity, the contact area between the two catalysts and the reaction gas is larger.

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst are respectively attached to both sides of the partition 107 . Thus, the two catalysts are attached to both sides of the partition 107 respectively. Since the partition 107 forms the first cavity 111 , the contact area between the catalyst and the reaction gas is increased, which can effectively improve the reaction efficiency.

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, a second protrusion 113 is formed on the partition 107, and the second protrusion 113 extends toward the second compartment 109, and the second protrusion 113 A second cavity 114 is formed inside, and the second cavity 114 communicates with the first compartment 108 to form a second cavity 115, and the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst are contained in the first cavity 112. The second cavity 115 houses the other of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst.

Thus, the contact surface area of the catalyst and the reactant gas can be further increased.

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, both the first protrusion 110 and the second protrusion 113 are plural. Thus, a plurality of first cavities 111 and second cavities 114 can be formed, further improving the contact surface between the reactant gas and the catalyst.

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, the first protrusions 110 and the second protrusions 113 are arranged alternately along the length direction of the partition 107 .

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, the first protrusions 110 and the second protrusions 113 are arranged alternately in the width direction of the partition 107 .

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 110 on the first plane is the first projection, and the orthographic projection of the second protrusion 113 on the first plane is In a second projection, the first plane extends along the length and width directions of the partition 107 , adjacent to the first projection is in contact with an edge of the second projection.

Therefore, more first protrusions and second protrusions are formed by rationally utilizing the area of the separator, which is beneficial to increase the catalyst area and the contact area between the first cavity and the second cavity.

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, the shape and area of the first projection and the second projection are the same.

For the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, the shapes of the first projection and the second projection are rectangle or circle. Therefore, it is easy to process by adopting a rectangle or a circle.

In the reactor described in this embodiment, preferably, the contacting edges of the adjacent first projection and the second projection have the same length and overlap completely. Thus, the first protrusions and the second protrusions are rationally arranged to form more protrusions, thereby increasing the contact area between the catalyst and the reaction gas.

The reactor provided in this example combines two systems of catalytic combustion heat supply and catalytic reforming hydrogen production. The catalytic combustion system provides heat to the methanol reforming hydrogen production unit. supply and efficient use. Break through the miniaturization and light weight difficulties of methanol reforming hydrogen production system, and realize the expansion of its application field.

Example 2

This embodiment provides a reactor. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the combustion catalyst is a platinum palladium noble metal catalyst, preferably the MC5631 catalyst of Phyton Technology.

The reforming catalyst is the SCST-401 catalyst of Shutai Chemical Industry.

Example 3

This embodiment provides a reactor, and the only difference from Embodiment 2 is that the reforming catalyst is prepared as follows:

Dissolve 10 grams of copper nitrate trihydrate, 5 grams of aluminum nitrate, and 8 grams of zinc nitrate hexahydrate in 50 mL of deionized water. During stirring, add the above solution dropwise to 50 grams of orthosilicic acid aqueous solution (dropping is completed in 1 hour) . After the dropwise addition, 1M sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise until neutral, filtered, and the filter cake was dried overnight at 80°C. Then, it was baked at 350°C for 3 hours. The above-mentioned roasted sample is ground to a powder of less than 50 mesh, washed with 0.5M nitric acid for more than 5 times, and the above-mentioned drying and roasting process is repeated twice.

Using the reforming catalyst provided in this embodiment, compared with Example 2, the utilization efficiency of combustion heat has been further improved (the amount of burning methanol required for reforming 1 kilogram of methanol has been reduced from 150 grams to 120 grams), and the reaction furnace has been accelerated. The heating rate is reduced from 30 minutes using traditional heating methods to 15 minutes.

Although, the present invention has been described in detail with general description, specific implementation and test above, but on the basis of the present invention, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art . Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A reactor, characterized in that, comprising: A housing, wherein an accommodation chamber is formed in the housing, and the housing is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet, and a second outlet; a partition, the partition is arranged in the accommodating chamber to divide the accommodating chamber into a first compartment and a second compartment, a first protrusion is formed on the partition, and the first protrusion Extending towards the first compartment, a first cavity is formed in the first protrusion, the first cavity communicates with the second compartment to form a first cavity, the first inlet and The first outlet communicates with the first compartment, the second inlet and the second outlet communicate with the second compartment, and the first compartment accommodates one of a combustion catalyst and a reforming catalyst Alternatively, the first cavity accommodates the other of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst. 2. The reactor according to claim 1, wherein a second protrusion is formed on the partition plate, the second protrusion extends toward the second compartment, and the inside of the second protrusion is forming a second cavity communicating with the first compartment to form a second cavity, the first cavity containing one of a combustion catalyst and a reforming catalyst, the The other of the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst is housed in the second cavity. 3. The reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that there are multiple first protrusions and second protrusions. 4. The reactor according to claim 3, wherein the first protrusions and the second protrusions are arranged alternately in the length direction of the partition; and / or, The first protrusions and the second protrusions are arranged alternately in the width direction of the separator. 5. The reactor according to claim 4, wherein the orthographic projection of the first protrusion on the first plane is the first projection, and the orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the first plane is The projection is a second projection, the first plane extends along the length and width directions of the partition, and an edge adjacent to the first projection is in contact with the second projection. 6. The reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that the shape and area of the first projection and the second projection are the same; Preferably, the shapes of the first projection and the second projection are rectangle or circle. 7 . The reactor according to claim 6 , wherein the adjacent first projection and the second projection are in contact with the same edge length and completely overlap. 8 . The reactor according to claim 7 , wherein the combustion catalyst and the reforming catalyst are respectively pasted on both sides of the separator. 9. The reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, the combustion catalyst is a platinum palladium noble metal catalyst. 10. The reactor according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, the reforming catalyst is selected from one or at least two of noble metal catalysts, copper catalysts, and nickel catalysts; Preferably, the reforming catalyst is prepared as follows: Add the active ingredient solution dropwise to the orthosilicic acid solution, adjust the pH value to neutral, dry to form a gel, and bake it at 250°C-450°C; wherein, the active ingredient solution contains copper ions, aluminum ions and zinc solution of ions.