CN110323814A - Electric car charge control method and device based on energy-storage battery - Google Patents
Electric car charge control method and device based on energy-storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/53—Batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H02J7/022—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
一种基于储能电池的电动汽车充电控制方法及装置,它包括有固定交流电源为储能电池充电、固定交流电源为电动汽车充电和储能电池为电动汽车充电三种充电模式。它可以在用电低谷时时采用交流电给装置的储能电池充电;有充电需求时固定交流电源与储能电池一起供电,采用直流充电的方式给电动汽车快速补电,提升用户体验,降低了充电行为对电网的冲击;在没有固定交流电源的地方,通过储能电池为电动汽车快速充电。
An electric vehicle charging control method and device based on an energy storage battery, which includes three charging modes: a fixed AC power supply for charging the energy storage battery, a fixed AC power supply for charging the electric vehicle, and an energy storage battery for charging the electric vehicle. It can use AC power to charge the energy storage battery of the device when the power consumption is low; when there is a charging demand, the fixed AC power supply and the energy storage battery supply power together, and the DC charging method is used to quickly recharge the electric vehicle, which improves the user experience and reduces the charging time. The impact of behavior on the grid; fast charging of electric vehicles through energy storage batteries in places where there is no fixed AC power supply.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电动汽车充电技术领域,特别是一种基于储能电池的电动汽车充电控制方法和装置。The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, in particular to an electric vehicle charging control method and device based on an energy storage battery.
背景技术Background technique
电动汽车充电装置分为交流充电和直流充电两类。交流充电由外部提供220V或380V交流电源,并通过车载充电机给车载电池充电,其功率等级为3.5kW或7kW,充电时间为5~8h。该充电方式安装成本低,可充分利用用电低谷时间进行充电,降低充电成本,延长电池的使用寿命;但充电时间过长,对电动汽车停靠时间和停靠地点有严格要求,导致其利用效率降低。Electric vehicle charging devices are divided into two types: AC charging and DC charging. AC charging is provided by an external 220V or 380V AC power supply, and the on-board battery is charged through the on-board charger. The power level is 3.5kW or 7kW, and the charging time is 5-8h. The installation cost of this charging method is low, and it can make full use of the low power consumption time for charging, reducing the charging cost and prolonging the service life of the battery; but the charging time is too long, and there are strict requirements on the parking time and location of the electric vehicle, resulting in a decrease in its utilization efficiency .
直流充电由非车载充电机完成交直流变换,直接给车载电池充电,充电电压一般为300~750V,供电功率大多为30~180kW,充电时间可从10分钟到2小时。与交流充电桩相比,该方式充电效率高,工作和安装成本高;同时大功率充电时对电网冲击较大,引起电网电压波动。DC charging is done by the off-board charger to complete the AC-DC conversion, and directly charges the on-board battery. The charging voltage is generally 300-750V, the power supply is mostly 30-180kW, and the charging time can range from 10 minutes to 2 hours. Compared with AC charging piles, this method has high charging efficiency and high work and installation costs; at the same time, high-power charging has a greater impact on the grid, causing grid voltage fluctuations.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的其中一个目的就是提供一种基于储能电池的充电控制方法,它可以在用电低谷时时采用交流电给装置的储能电池充电,有充电需求时采用直流充电的方式给电动汽车快速补电,提升用户体验,降低了充电行为对电网的冲击。One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a charging control method based on energy storage batteries, which can use AC power to charge the energy storage battery of the device when the power consumption is low, and use DC charging to quickly replenish the electric vehicle when there is a charging demand. It improves user experience and reduces the impact of charging behavior on the grid.
本发明的该目的是通过这样的技术方案实现的,具体方法如下:This purpose of the present invention is realized by such technical scheme, and concrete method is as follows:
储能电池的能量低于预设的充电下限,通过固定交流电源为储能电池或电动汽车充电;The energy of the energy storage battery is lower than the preset charging lower limit, and the energy storage battery or electric vehicle is charged through a fixed AC power supply;
储能电池的能量高于预设充电下限,且没有电动汽车需要充电时,通过固定交流电源为储能电池充电;When the energy of the energy storage battery is higher than the preset charging lower limit, and there is no electric vehicle to be charged, the energy storage battery is charged through a fixed AC power supply;
储能电池的能量高于预设充电下限,且有电动汽车需要充电时,通过储能电池为电动汽车充电。When the energy of the energy storage battery is higher than the preset charging lower limit, and an electric vehicle needs to be charged, the electric vehicle is charged through the energy storage battery.
进一步,所述固定交流电源为市电接口或充电桩。Further, the fixed AC power supply is a commercial power interface or a charging pile.
进一步,所述通过固定交流电源为储能电池或电动汽车充电的优先级为:当有电动汽车需要充电时,固定电源为电动汽车充电;当没有电动汽车需要充电时,固定电源为储能电池充电。Further, the priority of charging the energy storage battery or the electric vehicle through the fixed AC power supply is: when there is an electric vehicle to be charged, the fixed power supply charges the electric vehicle; when there is no electric vehicle to charge, the fixed power supply is the energy storage battery Charge.
进一步,所述储能电池的能量高于预设充电下限,且没有电动汽车需要充电时,通过固定交流电源为储能电池充电后的处理方法为:为储能电池充满电等待电池汽车的充电请求;或当储能电池未充满且有电池汽车需要充电,则通过储能电池为电动汽车充电。Further, when the energy of the energy storage battery is higher than the preset charging lower limit, and there is no electric vehicle to be charged, the processing method after charging the energy storage battery through a fixed AC power supply is: fully charge the energy storage battery and wait for the charging of the battery vehicle request; or when the energy storage battery is not fully charged and a battery car needs to be charged, the electric vehicle is charged through the energy storage battery.
进一步,所述储能电池的能量高于预设充电下限,且有电动汽车需要充电时,通过储能电池为电动汽车充电后的处理方法为:储能电池为电动汽车充满电,且没有新的电动汽车需要充电时,通过固定交流电源为储能电池充电;储能电池的能量低于充电下限且电动汽车未充满电时,先通过固定交流电源为电动汽车充满电,再通过固定电源为储能电池充电。Further, when the energy of the energy storage battery is higher than the preset charging lower limit, and there is an electric vehicle that needs to be charged, the processing method after charging the electric vehicle through the energy storage battery is: the energy storage battery is fully charged for the electric vehicle, and there is no new charge. When the electric vehicle needs to be charged, the energy storage battery is charged through a fixed AC power supply; when the energy of the energy storage battery is lower than the charging lower limit and the electric vehicle is not fully charged, the electric vehicle is fully charged through the fixed AC power supply first, and then the fixed power supply is used for charging. Energy storage battery charging.
进一步,所述固定交流电源为储能电池充电具体方法为:将固定交流电源转换为直流电为储能电池充电。Further, the specific method of charging the energy storage battery by the fixed AC power supply is: converting the fixed AC power supply into DC power to charge the energy storage battery.
进一步,所述固定交流电源为电动汽车充电的具体方法为:Further, the specific method for the fixed AC power supply to charge the electric vehicle is:
1-1)将固定交流电源输出的交流电转换为直流电;1-1) Convert the alternating current output by the fixed alternating current power supply into direct current;
1-2)将步骤1-1)中的直流电转换为高频交流电;1-2) converting the direct current in step 1-1) into high-frequency alternating current;
1-3)将步骤1-2)中的高频交流电转换为直流电为电动汽车充电。1-3) Convert the high-frequency alternating current in step 1-2) into direct current to charge the electric vehicle.
进一步,所述储能电池为电动汽车充电的具体方法为:Further, the specific method for the energy storage battery to charge the electric vehicle is:
2-1)将储能电池的直流电转换为高频交流电;2-1) Convert the direct current of the energy storage battery into high-frequency alternating current;
2-2)将步骤2-1)中的高频交流电转换为直流电为电动汽车充电。2-2) Convert the high-frequency alternating current in step 2-1) into direct current to charge the electric vehicle.
本发明的另一个目的就是提供一种基于储能电池的电动汽车充电控制装置,它可以通过储能电池为电动汽车充电,提高充电效率的同时降低对电网电压的影响。Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle charging control device based on an energy storage battery, which can charge the electric vehicle through the energy storage battery, improve the charging efficiency and reduce the impact on the grid voltage.
本发明的该目的是通过这样的技术方案实现的,所述装置包括有与固定交流电源电连接的交流充电接口、充电单元、储能电池单元、逆变单元、直流充电单元、与电动汽车电连接的直流充电接口和能量管理系统;The purpose of the present invention is achieved through such a technical solution, the device includes an AC charging interface electrically connected to a fixed AC power supply, a charging unit, an energy storage battery unit, an inverter unit, a DC charging unit, and an electric vehicle electric Connected DC charging interface and energy management system;
交流充电接口将固定交流电源输出的交流电传输至充电单元,充电单元将交流电转换为直流电通过直流母线分别为储能电池单元充电和为逆变单元提供直流电,逆变单元将储能电池单元或充电单元提供的直流电转换为高频交流电并传输至直流充电单元,直流充电单元将高频交流电转换为直流电并通过直流充电接口为电动汽车充电;能量管理系统进行数据采集并分别发送控制指令至充电单元、储能电池单元、逆变单元、直流充电单元;The AC charging interface transmits the AC output from the fixed AC power supply to the charging unit, and the charging unit converts the AC power into DC through the DC bus to charge the energy storage battery unit and provide DC power for the inverter unit, and the inverter unit will charge the energy storage battery unit or The DC power provided by the unit is converted into high-frequency AC power and transmitted to the DC charging unit. The DC charging unit converts the high-frequency AC power into DC power and charges the electric vehicle through the DC charging interface; the energy management system collects data and sends control commands to the charging unit , energy storage battery unit, inverter unit, DC charging unit;
当储能电池的能量低于预设的充电下限,能量管理系统控制充电单元工作,通过固定交流电源为储能电池或电动汽车充电;When the energy of the energy storage battery is lower than the preset charging lower limit, the energy management system controls the charging unit to work, and charges the energy storage battery or electric vehicle through a fixed AC power supply;
当储能电池的能量高于预设充电下限,且没有电动汽车需要充电时,能量管理系统控制充电单元和储能电池单元工作,通过固定交流电源为储能电池充电;When the energy of the energy storage battery is higher than the preset charging lower limit and there is no electric vehicle to be charged, the energy management system controls the charging unit and the energy storage battery unit to work, and charges the energy storage battery through a fixed AC power supply;
当储能电池的能量高于预设充电下限,且有电动汽车需要充电时,能量管理系统控制储能电池单元工作,通过储能电池为电动汽车充电。When the energy of the energy storage battery is higher than the preset charging lower limit and an electric vehicle needs to be charged, the energy management system controls the operation of the energy storage battery unit to charge the electric vehicle through the energy storage battery.
进一步,所述交流充电接口包括有交流充电控制模块和AC/DC模块,交流充电控制模块接收能量管理系统发送的控制指令并控制AC/DC模块进行交直流转换,AC/DC模块将交流电转换为直流电。Further, the AC charging interface includes an AC charging control module and an AC/DC module, the AC charging control module receives the control command sent by the energy management system and controls the AC/DC module to perform AC-DC conversion, and the AC/DC module converts the AC power into direct current.
进一步,所述储能电池单元包括有BMS电池管理系统和储能电池,BMS电池管理系统接收能量管理系统发送的控制指令,并控制储能电池充放电。Further, the energy storage battery unit includes a BMS battery management system and an energy storage battery, and the BMS battery management system receives control instructions sent by the energy management system and controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery.
进一步,所述逆变单元包括有三个DC/AC结构电力逆变器,三个电力逆变器按120°相位角度将直流电转换为高频交流电。Further, the inverter unit includes three DC/AC structure power inverters, and the three power inverters convert direct current into high frequency alternating current at a phase angle of 120°.
进一步,直流充电单元包括有直流充电控制模块和AC/DC模块,直流充电单元接收能量管理系统发送的控制指令并控制AC/DC模块进行交直流转换,AC/DC模块将高频交流电转换为直流电。Further, the DC charging unit includes a DC charging control module and an AC/DC module. The DC charging unit receives control commands sent by the energy management system and controls the AC/DC module to perform AC-DC conversion. The AC/DC module converts high-frequency AC power into DC power. .
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明具有如下的优点:Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following advantage:
本发明可以在用电低谷时时采用交流电给装置的储能电池充电,降低了充电行为对电网的冲击;有充电需求时采用直流充电的方式给电动汽车快速补电,提升用户体验;在没有固定交流电源的地方,也可以通过储能电池为电动汽车快速充电。The present invention can use alternating current to charge the energy storage battery of the device when the power consumption is low, which reduces the impact of the charging behavior on the power grid; when there is a charging demand, the electric vehicle can be quickly replenished with DC charging to improve user experience; Where there is no AC power, it can also be used to quickly charge electric vehicles through energy storage batteries.
本发明的其他优点、目标和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述,并且在某种程度上,基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的,或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他优点可以通过下面的说明书和权利要求书来实现和获得。Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be set forth in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the investigation and research below, or can be obtained from It is taught in the practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the following description and claims.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明的附图说明如下。The accompanying drawings of the present invention are described as follows.
图1为本发明的流程示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
图2为本发明的结构框图;Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of the present invention;
图3为交流充电接口的电路结构示意图;FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an AC charging interface;
图4为充电单元的电路结构示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging unit;
图5为逆变单元的电路结构示意图;5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an inverter unit;
图6为直流充电单元的电路结构示意图;6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a DC charging unit;
图7为实施例流程示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
一种基于储能电池的电动汽车充电控制方法,如图1所示和图7所示,具体步骤如下:An electric vehicle charging control method based on an energy storage battery, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7, the specific steps are as follows:
1)判断储能电池的能量是否高于预设的充电下限,若低于充电下限则转向步骤2),若高于充电下限则转入步骤3)。1) Judging whether the energy of the energy storage battery is higher than the preset charging lower limit, if it is lower than the charging lower limit, go to step 2), if it is higher than the charging lower limit, go to step 3).
2)通过固定交流电源为储能电池或电动汽车充电;当有电动汽车需要充电时,固定电源为电动汽车充电;当没有电动汽车需要充电时,固定电源为储能电池充电。固定交流电源为储能电池具体方法为:将固定交流电源转换为直流电为储能电池充电,即慢速充电。固定交流电源为电动汽车充电的具体方法为:将固定交流电源输出的交流电转换为直流电;将直流电转换为高频交流电;将高频交流电转换为直流电为电动汽车充电,即快速充电。2) Charge the energy storage battery or electric vehicle through a fixed AC power supply; when there is an electric vehicle to be charged, the fixed power supply charges the electric vehicle; when there is no electric vehicle to charge, the fixed power supply charges the energy storage battery. The specific method of using a fixed AC power source as an energy storage battery is as follows: converting the fixed AC power source into DC power to charge the energy storage battery, that is, slow charging. The specific method of charging electric vehicles with a fixed AC power supply is: converting the AC output of the fixed AC power supply into DC power; converting the DC power into high-frequency AC power; converting the high-frequency AC power into DC power for charging electric vehicles, that is, fast charging.
3)监测判断是否有电动汽车需要充电,若没有电动汽车需要充电则转入步骤4),若有电动汽车需要充电则转入步骤5);3) Monitor and judge whether there is an electric vehicle that needs to be charged, if there is no electric vehicle that needs to be charged, then go to step 4), if there is an electric vehicle that needs to be charged, then go to step 5);
4)固定交流电源为储能电池充电,直到储能电池充满进行电动汽车充电监测或有电动汽车需要充电转入步骤5)。固定交流电源为储能电池具体方法为:将固定交流电源转换为直流电为储能电池充电,即慢速充电。4) Charge the energy storage battery with a fixed AC power supply until the energy storage battery is fully charged and monitor the charging of electric vehicles or if there is an electric vehicle that needs to be charged, go to step 5). The specific method of using a fixed AC power source as an energy storage battery is as follows: converting the fixed AC power source into DC power to charge the energy storage battery, that is, slow charging.
5)通过储能电池为电动汽车充电,直到电动汽车充满转入步骤3)或储能电池能量低于充电下限且电动汽车未充满电,转入步骤2)。储能电池为电动汽车充电的具体方法为:将储能电池的直流电转换为高频交流电;将高频交流电转换为直流电为电动汽车充电,即快速充电。5) Charge the electric vehicle through the energy storage battery until the electric vehicle is fully charged and then proceed to step 3) or the energy of the energy storage battery is lower than the charging lower limit and the electric vehicle is not fully charged, then proceed to step 2). The specific method for the energy storage battery to charge the electric vehicle is: convert the direct current of the energy storage battery into high-frequency alternating current; convert the high-frequency alternating current into direct current to charge the electric vehicle, that is, fast charging.
在以上充电情况中,都是通过将高频交流电转换为直流电为电动汽车充电,电动汽车充电效率快,用户体验好;在没有电动汽车需要充电时,可以通过固定交流电源为储能电池充电,再通过储能电池为电动汽车充电,可以降低在用电高峰期对电网的依赖和影响。In the above charging situations, electric vehicles are charged by converting high-frequency alternating current into direct current. The charging efficiency of electric vehicles is fast and the user experience is good. The electric vehicle is then charged by the energy storage battery, which can reduce the dependence and impact on the power grid during the peak period of electricity consumption.
一种基于储能电池的电动汽车充电控制装置,如图2所示,包括有与固定交流电源电连接的交流充电接口、充电单元、储能电池单元、逆变单元、直流充电单元、与电动汽车电连接的直流充电接口和能量管理系统;An electric vehicle charging control device based on an energy storage battery, as shown in Figure 2, includes an AC charging interface electrically connected to a fixed AC power supply, a charging unit, an energy storage battery unit, an inverter unit, a DC charging unit, and an electric DC charging interfaces and energy management systems for automotive electrical connections;
交流充电接口,如图3所示,包括交流220V市电接口和单相交流充电桩接口,电能输入经过交流充电单元给电池充电。The AC charging interface, as shown in Figure 3, includes an AC 220V mains interface and a single-phase AC charging pile interface, and the power input passes through the AC charging unit to charge the battery.
充电单元,如图4所示,包括交流充电控制和AC/DC两部分,充电单元与交流充电接口连接,将交流电通过AC/DC转化为直流电,接入直流母线,给储能电池单元充电;同时,所述充电单元与逆变单元连接,通过直流母线与储能电池单元一起给逆变单元提供快速放电能力。The charging unit, as shown in Figure 4, includes two parts: AC charging control and AC/DC. The charging unit is connected to the AC charging interface, converts the alternating current into direct current through AC/DC, connects to the direct current bus, and charges the energy storage battery unit; At the same time, the charging unit is connected to the inverter unit, and together with the energy storage battery unit, provides the inverter unit with fast discharge capability through the DC bus.
逆变单元,如图5所示,与充电单元、储能电池单元连接,将两者处传输的直流电逆变成高频交流电。逆变单元使用直流端供电,直流端上电后可设置自动启动逆变输出。逆变器采用DC/AC结构,三个模块可按120°相位角度输出。The inverter unit, as shown in Fig. 5, is connected with the charging unit and the energy storage battery unit, and inverts the direct current transmitted between them into high-frequency alternating current. The inverter unit is powered by the DC terminal, and the inverter output can be set to automatically start after the DC terminal is powered on. The inverter adopts DC/AC structure, and the three modules can output according to the phase angle of 120°.
直流充电单元,如图6所示,包括直流充电控制模块和AC/DC两部分,与逆变单元、直流充电接口连接,将逆变单元传输的高频交流电整流成电动汽车所需的直流电。The DC charging unit, as shown in Figure 6, includes a DC charging control module and AC/DC two parts, connected with the inverter unit and the DC charging interface, and rectifies the high-frequency AC power transmitted by the inverter unit into the DC power required by the electric vehicle.
储能电池单元,包括储能电池和BMS电池管理系统,与充电单元、逆变单元、能量管理系统电连接,通过通信与能量管理系统通信,响应能量管理系统的功率限制指令。The energy storage battery unit, including the energy storage battery and the BMS battery management system, is electrically connected to the charging unit, the inverter unit, and the energy management system, communicates with the energy management system through communication, and responds to the power limit command of the energy management system.
所述直流充电接口,与待充电的电动汽车相连接,为电动汽车提供大功率充电。The DC charging interface is connected with the electric vehicle to be charged to provide high-power charging for the electric vehicle.
能量管理系统采集数据并控制充电单元、逆变单元、直流充电模组、电池储能单元的运行,控制管理各功能单元,完成交流输入、直流母线、储能电池、逆变及直流输出系统相关的状态监控,数据采集,历史数据库维护查询等功能。在能量管理系统的控制下,通过交流充电接口对储能电池进行充电,给电动汽车充电时,储能电池通过逆变单元和直流接口对电动汽车进行快速充电;电网也通过交流充电接口与储能电池并联在直流母线上,为电动汽车充电提供补充功率。The energy management system collects data and controls the operation of the charging unit, inverter unit, DC charging module, and battery energy storage unit, controls and manages each functional unit, and completes the AC input, DC bus, energy storage battery, inverter, and DC output system. Functions such as status monitoring, data collection, historical database maintenance and query. Under the control of the energy management system, the energy storage battery is charged through the AC charging interface. When charging the electric vehicle, the energy storage battery quickly charges the electric vehicle through the inverter unit and the DC interface; the power grid also communicates with the storage battery through the AC charging interface. Energy batteries are connected in parallel on the DC bus to provide supplementary power for charging electric vehicles.
BMS电池管理系统使用直流系统供电,实时显示电池总电压、SOC剩余电量等参数,并具有完备的锂电池保护功能。储能系统的电池管理系统采用三层构架,由1个BAMS电池系统单元管理系统负责统一管理,对应的2个电池单元分别由2个BCMS电池簇管理系统分别管理,每个BCMS电池簇管理系统下面有BMU电池管理单元负责管理电池箱。BMS电池管理系统的主要功能包括电池模拟量高精度监测及上报,电池系统运行报警、报警本地显示及上报,电池系统保护功能,自诊断功能,均衡功能,运行参数设定功能,运行状态显示功能,事件及历史数据存储功能,电池组串接入/退出运行功能,电池系统容量标定及SOC标定功能。The BMS battery management system uses a DC system for power supply, displays the total battery voltage, SOC remaining power and other parameters in real time, and has a complete lithium battery protection function. The battery management system of the energy storage system adopts a three-layer structure, which is managed by one BAMS battery system unit management system, and the corresponding two battery units are respectively managed by two BCMS battery cluster management systems, each BCMS battery cluster management system The BMU battery management unit is responsible for managing the battery box below. The main functions of the BMS battery management system include high-precision monitoring and reporting of battery analog quantities, battery system operation alarms, local alarm display and reporting, battery system protection functions, self-diagnosis functions, balancing functions, operating parameter setting functions, and operating status display functions , Event and historical data storage function, battery string access/exit operation function, battery system capacity calibration and SOC calibration function.
能量管理系统中包括一套监控系统,该系统能完成交流输入、直流母线、储能电池、逆变及直流输出系统相关的状态监控,数据采集,电能计量等功能,并完成与业主既有平台的信息交换及指令传递。监控系统主要功能包括就地监测系统监控、逆变单元监控、电池管理系统监控及智能切换提供监控。其中,就地监测系统监控负责采集储能电池和逆变器的遥信和遥测数据,接受来自上层监控系统的远方指令,并下达控制命令至电池管理系统和逆变器就地控制器;同时,也能够根据上层监控系统的要求向其上传整个储能电池单元的实时运行数据、环境数据等。电池管理系统监控用于监测、评估及保护电池运行状态;逆变单元监控用于对逆变器的工作状态进行监测和控制。The energy management system includes a set of monitoring system, which can complete the status monitoring, data acquisition, electric energy measurement and other functions related to the AC input, DC bus, energy storage battery, inverter and DC output system, and complete the existing platform with the owner exchange of information and transmission of instructions. The main functions of the monitoring system include on-site monitoring system monitoring, inverter unit monitoring, battery management system monitoring and intelligent switching to provide monitoring. Among them, the on-site monitoring system monitoring is responsible for collecting the remote signaling and telemetry data of the energy storage battery and the inverter, accepting remote instructions from the upper monitoring system, and issuing control commands to the battery management system and the inverter on-site controller; at the same time, It can also upload the real-time operation data and environmental data of the entire energy storage battery unit to it according to the requirements of the upper monitoring system. The monitoring of the battery management system is used to monitor, evaluate and protect the operating status of the battery; the monitoring of the inverter unit is used to monitor and control the working status of the inverter.
能量管理系统包括有系统控制、数据处理、安全机制管理、系统报警和数据通信五大功能:The energy management system includes five functions: system control, data processing, safety mechanism management, system alarm and data communication:
(1)系统控制(1) System control
储能电池单元控制:接收上层监控系统的远方指令,设定或调整储能电池单元的运行状态和方式。Energy storage battery unit control: receive remote instructions from the upper monitoring system, set or adjust the operating status and mode of the energy storage battery unit.
逆变器控制:根据上层监控系统控制指令等信号自动调节有功输出,确保其最大输出功率及功率变化率不超过给定值,以便保证输出稳定性。Inverter control: Automatically adjust active power output according to signals such as control commands of the upper monitoring system to ensure that its maximum output power and power change rate do not exceed a given value, so as to ensure output stability.
系统参数设定:设定充电上限电压、放电下限电压、电池运行最高温度、电池运行最低温度、电池组串过流门限、电池组串短路保护门限等。System parameter setting: set the charging upper limit voltage, discharge lower limit voltage, battery operating maximum temperature, battery operating minimum temperature, battery string overcurrent threshold, battery string short circuit protection threshold, etc.
系统故障诊断:自动判断储能电池单元故障,给出故障诊断信息并执行相应的响应动作。System fault diagnosis: Automatically judge the fault of the energy storage battery unit, give fault diagnosis information and execute corresponding response actions.
系统对时:系统能接收IRIG-B(DC)信号对装置进行对时。System time synchronization: The system can receive the IRIG-B (DC) signal to perform time synchronization on the device.
(2)数据处理(2) Data processing
数据采集:通过各种传感器、A/D模块、I/O模块采集储能电池和逆变器的运行状态数据。Data acquisition: collect the operating status data of energy storage batteries and inverters through various sensors, A/D modules, and I/O modules.
实时数据:对下位机采集的数据进行实时的显示、计算、分析。保证每1s刷新一次系统运行状态信息。历史数据:对存储在数据库中的历史数据进行显示、计算、分析。数据处理的对象包括:电堆端电压、电池系统的电压、温度、电流、SOC、DOD,电池系统的能量/功率可调节深度等;Real-time data: display, calculate and analyze the data collected by the lower computer in real time. Guaranteed to refresh the system running status information every 1s. Historical data: display, calculate, and analyze historical data stored in the database. The objects of data processing include: stack terminal voltage, battery system voltage, temperature, current, SOC, DOD, energy/power adjustable depth of battery system, etc.;
(3)安全机制:包括用户管理和权限管理。(3) Security mechanism: including user management and authority management.
(4)系统报警:对电池系统和逆变器的运行状态进行在线实时监视,采用声光报警方式提示设备出现的故障,并对故障原因及故障时间进行记录。监控的故障信息包括:电池过压、欠压、过温、低温、过流,交流电压过高、过低,交流频率过高、过低,直流电压过高、过低等;逆变器过载、过热、短路,散热器过热、DSP故障、通讯失败等。(4) System alarm: conduct online real-time monitoring of the operating status of the battery system and inverter, use sound and light alarms to prompt equipment failures, and record the cause and time of failure. The monitored fault information includes: battery overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, low temperature, overcurrent, AC voltage is too high, too low, AC frequency is too high, too low, DC voltage is too high, too low, etc.; inverter overload , overheating, short circuit, radiator overheating, DSP failure, communication failure, etc.
(5)数据通信:系统提供多样灵活的通信方式,系统主要采用以太网通信和GPRS、4G等无线通信方式,同时,系统也能根据具体的应用需求提供其他的标准通信接口,如RS232/RS485、CAN等,系统所提供的对外通信协议均符合相关行业规约以及通信标准。(5) Data communication: the system provides a variety of flexible communication methods. The system mainly adopts wireless communication methods such as Ethernet communication and GPRS, 4G. At the same time, the system can also provide other standard communication interfaces according to specific application requirements, such as RS232/RS485 , CAN, etc. The external communication protocols provided by the system are in line with relevant industry regulations and communication standards.
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换,而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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CN118826237A (en) * | 2024-05-15 | 2024-10-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Charging method, system, device, storage medium and program product |
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