CN110303747A - 用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜 - Google Patents
用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜。它采用内外表层的原料和中间层的原料经二次吹胀工艺制备而成，所述内外表层的原料为：三元无规共聚丙烯、聚烯烃弹性体POE、防粘剂、爽滑剂和硅氧烷树脂母料；所述中间层的原料为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯、超低分子低密度聚乙烯和爽滑剂。为了加快包装速度而又不使封口性能下降，本发明结合生产工艺，经反复调整配方和反复试验，使包装速度提高到了每分钟200包以上，大大提高了工作效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚烯烃热收缩膜(POF)技术领域，具体涉及一种用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜(POF)及生产工艺。
背景技术
POF(聚烯烃热收缩膜)是意大利于九十年代开发的新型塑料包装材料，具有先进的国际水平。它是由三台或三台以上挤出机将聚乙烯和聚丙烯分别塑化挤出，经模头复合成型后再经二次成泡加工而成。该产品既具有无毒、无味、环保、轻质等特点，又具有聚丙烯高透明高强度和聚乙烯的良好韧性高抗穿刺的能力等特点，被广泛用于食品、医药、化妆品、工艺品等的捆扎和包装。符合欧洲和美国的环保质量标准，是传统PE、PVC等膜的更新替代产品。
POF包装速度的快慢取决于包装膜的以下几个方面性能：收缩性要好、收缩温度要低、封口强度要好、摩擦系数要小。对于封口强度、收缩温度、收缩性的影响大部分取决于使用的材质和生产工艺，而摩擦系数的大小取决于使用材质和生产工艺，又受温度的影响，在较高温度下(收缩烘箱内)膜受热表面滑度降低而发涩，这就会导致收缩膜与所包物体之间的摩擦系数增大，会影响到膜在快速收缩的过程中因与物体的摩擦系数增大进而阻碍收缩，使收缩后表面不平整影响了包装效果。要想减小膜的表面摩擦系数需要增加爽滑剂，而爽滑剂的增加又会导致封口性能的下降，如何兼顾加快包装速度而又不使封口性能下降，是POF膜生产的瓶颈。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供了一种用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜及其生产工艺。为了加快包装速度而又不使封口性能下降，本发明结合生产工艺，经反复调整配方和反复试验，使包装速度提高到了每分钟200包以上，大大提高了工作效率。
本发明克服了上述现有技术的不足，一种用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜，采用内外表层的原料和中间层的原料经二次吹胀工艺制备而成，
所述内外表层的原料及重量比为：三元无规共聚丙烯75-85％，聚烯烃弹性体POE8-15％，防粘剂3-4％，爽滑剂0.8-1.2％，硅氧烷树脂母料(增滑母料)3-5％；
所述中间层的原料及重量比为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯70-75％，超低分子低密度聚乙烯24-26％和爽滑剂1-3％。
优选的，
所述内外表层的原料及重量比为：三元无规共聚丙烯80％，聚烯烃弹性体POE11.5％，防粘剂3.5％，爽滑剂1％，硅氧烷树脂母料4％；
所述中间层的原料及重量比为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯73％，超低分子低密度聚乙烯25％和爽滑剂2％。
其中，防粘剂为含有二氧化硅的母料，爽滑剂为含酰胺类油脂的原料，均为市售的常用产品。
优选的，所述三元无规共聚丙烯为TPC的FS6612和天津燕山石化的F5606按质量比1：0.8-1.2的比例配制；聚烯烃弹性体POE为埃克森的3980；八碳线性低密度聚乙烯为美国陶氏的2045G；超低分子低密度聚乙烯为美国陶氏的4203。
本发明的生产工艺是：1)原料混合；2)塑化挤出；3)吹胀、冷却成型；4)加温；5)二次吹胀；5)冷却；6)热定型、7)冷却、收卷；8)分切后得到成品，其特征是，所述步骤3)采用定型水套冷却水冷却成型，冷却水的温度低于20℃；所述步骤5)采用三级风冷却，第一级冷却风环采用上吹法，出风口角度为45±5度。
进一步的，热定型的定型辊的温度为60-90℃。
进一步的，第三级冷却风环采用平吹法，出风口采用宽口网眼式出风，便于出风量的均匀。
本发明采用三元无规共聚丙烯(如TPC的FS6612和天津燕山石化的F5606)其特点为高透明、高强度以及良好的热封性能。聚烯烃弹性体POE(如埃克森的3980)其特点为超低分子量，超低温热封性，高收缩性能，良好的抗穿刺能力。八碳线性低密度聚乙烯(如美国陶氏的2045G)其特点为透明度好、强度高、韧性好以及良好的热封性能。超低分子低密度聚乙烯(如美国陶氏的4203)其特点为超低分子量，超低温热封性，高收缩性能，良好的抗穿刺能力。
本发明的有益效果是：由于PP(内外表层聚丙烯料)中加入了弹性体(3980)和PE(中间层聚乙烯料)中加入了超低分子聚乙烯(4203)，充分利用了它们所具有的低温热封性、高收缩性、良好的热封性能，与普通的POF相比较较大的提高了膜的封口强度、收缩率，消除了爽滑母料和硅氧烷树脂母料对封口强度的影响。又因在PP中加入了硅氧烷树脂母料，充分利用其对金属具备良好的热滑动性、在低压下高滑动性，使其摩擦系数下降到0.1以下，与普通POF的摩擦系数(约0.25)相比较低了很多，减小了在包装使用过程中的摩擦阻力，使产品在快速包装收缩中更平整。通过客户的长期使用证明，包装速度完全达到了每分钟200包以上，提高了工作效率，达到了设计要求。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
内外表层的原料及重量比为：三元无规共聚丙烯(新加坡TPC公司的FS6612)40％、三元无规共聚丙烯(天津燕山石化的F5606)40％，聚烯烃弹性体POE(埃克森的3980)11.5％，防粘剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的ABPOF-4防粘母料)3.5％，爽滑剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的SPOF07的爽滑母料)1％，硅氧烷树脂母料(舒尔曼塑料公司的IL2582SC)4％；
中间层的原料及重量比为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯(美国陶氏的2045G)73％，超低分子低密度聚乙烯(美国陶氏的4203)25％和爽滑剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的SPOF07的爽滑母料)2％。
生产工艺：
1)混合：将所选原料按比例放入捏合机中分别混合均匀，搅拌时间为15分钟，转速为360r/min；
2)塑化挤出：将混合均匀的内外层原料加入到内外层螺杆式挤出机中，将混合均匀的中层原料加入到中层螺杆式挤出机中(一台或多台)，原料经各层挤出机熔化后共同挤入到模头中，形成多层复合的结构从模口挤出；其内外层原料占薄膜总质量的30％，中层原料占薄膜总质量的70％；
本发明的其各段的温度如下表1所示。
表1 挤出机的各段温控
3)吹胀、冷却定型：从模头挤出的多层结构经吹胀成膜泡进入定型水套，在冷却水的冷却下冷却定型，形成第一膜泡；一般冷却水的温度低于20℃，冷却水的温度越低，第一膜泡的分子结晶度越小，其透明度越高，物理机械性能越好。
4)二次吹胀：冷却后的第一膜泡经牵引进入红外线烘箱加温(在第一膜管温度高于软化点而低于熔点的温度范围内加温)，然后出烘箱后在90±5℃的温度下进行第二次吹胀(纵横双向拉伸，拉伸倍率在4.8-5.2之间)；
5)冷却定型：第一膜泡吹胀后，为了更好地冷却定型，采用了三级冷风冷却，以形成第二膜泡。第一级冷却风环采用上吹法，出风口角度为45度左右(45±5度)，以便有部分风吹向第二起泡区，起到均匀起泡区温度的作用，便于第二膜泡起泡的稳定性。第三级冷却风环采用平吹法，出风口采用宽口网眼式出风，便于出风量的均匀。
6)热定型：POF膜经二次吹胀纵横向双向拉伸，薄膜在一定程度上保持了大量应力，在仓储运输过程中极易产生自然收缩和热感应收缩，为解决这一问题膜在收取前进行热定型处理，热定型处理以热定型辊的方式同机进行，定型辊的温度一般在60-90℃之间，具体温度根据外部变化而调整，以高于外部环境温度为佳。
7)冷却：POF膜经热定型后再经双面冷却辊冷却至不高于室温的温度，冷却后的POF膜经收卷装置收卷。
8)分切：收卷后的POF大卷应存48-72小时之后再进行分切成成品，这样能更好的稳定POF膜的自然收缩避免薄膜变化影响分切、使用。
制备的POF膜的产品性能如下表1所示，将其用食品等方面包装，包装速度完全达到了每分钟200包以上。
表1：POF膜物理性能表(检测标准ASTM)
备注：其中纵向拉伸强度、横向拉伸强度、纵向断裂伸长率和横向断裂伸长率采用ASTM D882标准进行测试，热封强度(纵横向)采用ASTM F88标准进行测试，摩擦系数采用ASTM D1894的标准进行测试，测试两层膜之间的相对滑度，收缩率采用ASTM D2732的标准进行测试。
实施例2：
内外表层的原料及重量比为：三元无规共聚丙烯(新加坡TPC公司的FS6612)42％、三元无规共聚丙烯(天津燕山石化的F5606)38％，聚烯烃弹性体POE(埃克森的3980)12％，防粘剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的ABPOF-4防粘母料)3％，爽滑剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的SPOF07的爽滑母料)1.2％，硅氧烷树脂母料(舒尔曼塑料公司的IL2582SC)3.8％；
中间层的原料及重量比为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯(美国陶氏的2045G)74％，超低分子低密度聚乙烯(美国陶氏的4203)24％和爽滑剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的SPOF07的爽滑母料)2％。
制备工艺同实施例1。
实施例3：
内外表层的原料及重量比为：三元无规共聚丙烯(新加坡TPC公司的FS6612)45％、三元无规共聚丙烯(天津燕山石化的F5606)35％，聚烯烃弹性体POE(埃克森的3980)11％，防粘剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的ABPOF-4防粘母料)4％，爽滑剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的SPOF07的爽滑母料)1.5％，硅氧烷树脂母料(舒尔曼塑料公司的IL2582SC)3.5％；
中间层的原料及重量比为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯(美国陶氏的2045G)72％，超低分子低密度聚乙烯(美国陶氏的4203)26％和爽滑剂(江苏精良高分子材料有限公司的SPOF07的爽滑母料)2％。
制备工艺同实施例1。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜，其特征是，采用内外表层的原料和中间层的原料经二次吹胀工艺制备而成，
所述内外表层的原料及重量比为：三元无规共聚丙烯75-85％，聚烯烃弹性体POE8-15％，防粘剂3-4％，爽滑剂0.8-1.2％，硅氧烷树脂母料3-5％；
所述中间层的原料及重量比为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯70-75％，超低分子低密度聚乙烯24-26％和爽滑剂1-3％。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜，其特征是，
所述内外表层的原料及重量比为：三元无规共聚丙烯80％，聚烯烃弹性体POE11.5％，防粘剂3.5％，爽滑剂1％，硅氧烷树脂母料4％；
所述中间层的原料及重量比为：八碳线性低密度聚乙烯73％，超低分子低密度聚乙烯25％和爽滑剂2％。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜，其特征是，所述防粘剂为含有二氧化硅的母料。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜，其特征是，所述爽滑剂为含酰胺类油脂的原料。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜，其特征是，所述三元无规共聚丙烯为新加坡TPC公司的FS6612和天津燕山石化的F5606按质量比1：0.8-1.2的比例配制。
6.权利要求1所述的超高速、高热封性能、高收缩率包装的聚烯烃收缩膜的生产工艺，包括1)原料混合；2)塑化挤出；3)吹胀、冷却成型；4)加温；5)二次吹胀；5)冷却；6)热定型、7)冷却、收卷；8)分切后得到成品，其特征是，所述步骤3)采用定型水套冷却水冷却成型，冷却水的温度低于20℃；所述步骤5)采用三级风冷却，第一级冷却风环采用上吹法，出风口角度为45±5度。
7.如权利要求6所述的生产工艺，其特征是，所述步骤5)第三级冷却风环采用平吹法，出风口采用宽口网眼式出风。
8.如权利要求6所述的生产工艺，其特征是，所述步骤6)热定型采用的定型辊的温度为60-90℃。
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