Background
With the rapid development of social economy, the acceleration of urbanization process and the rapid improvement of the living standard of people in China, the domestic garbage generated in the urban production and living process is rapidly increased, and the conditions of land occupation, environmental pollution and the influence on the health of people of the domestic garbage are more obvious. The increasing of the amount of municipal domestic waste makes the waste treatment more and more difficult, and the problems of environmental pollution and the like caused by the increase gradually draw attention from all social circles. The national places high importance on the environmental protection problem, and the domestic garbage and sewage prevention and treatment work is greatly developed, however, while the urban garbage yield in China is continuously increased, the classification, recovery and treatment capacity of the domestic garbage and the horizontal development are relatively lagged, namely the domestic garbage treatment technology in China is very weak, so the applicability of the domestic garbage treatment technology becomes a very important problem for solving the domestic garbage. The treatment of domestic waste technology selection often becomes a difficult problem of municipal domestic waste treatment.
Municipal waste landfill is the most basic disposal method for municipal waste. Although municipal waste can be treated by incineration, composting or sorting, the remainder of the waste, which is difficult to treat, is subjected to final landfill treatment. The urban garbage is buried in the hollow areas, so that the waste can be disposed, the soil can be covered for land building, and the environment is protected.
In the prior art, after the domestic garbage is buried, a large amount of waste water and waste gas are generated in the process of decomposition along with the decomposition, a large amount of heavy metals or nitrogen are contained in the waste water and the waste gas, and the waste water and the waste gas need to be collected and treated by a subsequent process, otherwise, the waste water and the waste gas permeate to the underground along with the waste water, and the pollution range is enlarged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a domestic garbage landfill system and a method for preventing permeation pollution, which can effectively isolate waste water and waste gas generated after the domestic garbage is filled, facilitate the collection of the waste water and the waste gas and avoid the pollution to the environment after the garbage is filled.
The anti-permeation pollution-prevention household garbage landfill system comprises a landfill area and an isolation area, wherein the landfill area comprises a landfill pool, an air guide layer, an anti-permeation layer and a fixing layer are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the landfill pool, the air guide layer is arranged close to the landfill pool, the isolation area comprises a water guide layer arranged on the outer side of the fixing layer, a drainage ditch is arranged at the bottom of the air guide layer, and an exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the air guide layer.
Preferably, the air guide layer comprises an upper air guide surface, a lower air guide surface and a side air guide surface, the upper air guide surface, the lower air guide surface and the side air guide surface realize the full-closed wrapping of the landfill pond, the anti-seepage layer comprises an upper anti-seepage surface, a lower anti-seepage surface and a side anti-seepage surface, the upper anti-seepage surface, the lower anti-seepage surface and the side anti-seepage surface realize the full-closed wrapping of the air guide layer, the drainage ditch is arranged on the upper part of the lower anti-seepage surface, and the fixing layer realizes the fixing of the anti-seepage layer.
Preferably, the water guide layer comprises an upper water guide surface, a lower water guide surface and a side water guide surface, and the water guide layer is used for fully sealing and wrapping the landfill area.
Preferably, the upper water guide surface and the lower water guide surface of the water guide layer are both arranged in a herringbone shape, and the side water guide surface extends to the lower part of the lower water guide surface.
Preferably, the material laid by the air guide layer is a mixture of slag and gravels after refuse incineration, the mixing ratio is 2:1, the particle size of the slag is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the gravels is 10-30 mm, the thickness of the gravels is 50-100 cm, the water guide layer is formed by mixing and laying fine gravels and coarse gravels, the mixing ratio is 2:1, the particle size of the fine gravels is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the coarse gravels is 10-30 mm, and the thickness of the coarse gravels is 50-100 cm.
Preferably, the permeation prevention layer is a permeation prevention film.
A household garbage landfill method for preventing seepage and pollution comprises the following steps:
1) building landfill pool
S1: selecting a site, namely selecting an area which is at least 10 kilometers away from a gathering place and a town of a residential area, wherein lakes and rivers are not arranged around the area, and an ecological protection area is not arranged;
s2: opening a foundation pit, and opening an operation foundation pit, wherein the depth and the cross-sectional area of the operation foundation pit are both larger than those of the isolation region, the side surface and the bottom surface of the foundation pit are both smooth, and soil generated by opening the foundation pit is transported to the vicinity of the foundation pit for later use;
s3: a water-guiding layer is built up,
1) building a side water guide surface, firstly, building a first side support of the side water guide surface, wherein the distance between the first side support and the side surface of the foundation pit is adaptive to the thickness of a water guide layer, then, paving a first net harmless cloth on the side surface of the foundation pit and the side support close to the side surface of the foundation pit, then, filling a mixture of fine gravel and coarse gravel into an area between the two opposite first net harmless cloths, and compacting the mixture of fine gravel and coarse gravel in the filling process;
2) building a water guide surface, firstly compacting the inner bottom surface of the foundation pit, paving a layer of grid non-woven fabric II on the inner bottom surface, and then paving and compacting a mixture of fine gravel and coarse gravel on the grid non-woven fabric II;
s4: building a landfill pool, and building a landfill pond,
building a fixed layer, firstly setting a second side bracket of the fixed layer, wherein the distance between the second side bracket and the water guide layer is adaptive to the thickness of the fixed layer, then laying a third mesh cloth which is not harmful to the water guide layer on the side surface of the second side bracket close to the water guide layer, and then backfilling the soil dug out in S2Until the area between the third mesh harmless cloth and the water guide layer and the upper part of the lower water guide surface, soil is compacted in the backfilling process;
an impermeable layer is built up in
The impermeable membrane is fixed inside the fixed layer established in the step (1);
a plurality of parallel drainage ditches are uniformly distributed at the upper part of the lower anti-seepage surface;
a gas-conducting layer is built on
Inside the side of the permeation prevention layer established in (1)
A side air guide surface and a lower air guide surface are respectively established at the upper part of a drainage ditch arranged in the middle, firstly, a third support is arranged at the inner side of the side surface of the anti-seepage layer, a fourth non-woven mesh fabric is fixed on the side surface of the third support, which is close to the anti-seepage layer, a mixture of slag and gravel is filled between the fourth non-woven mesh fabric and the anti-seepage layer, and the mixture of slag and gravel is filled at the upper parts of the drainage ditch and the lower anti-seepage layer and is compacted;
s5: landfill, namely pouring the garbage to be buried into an area enclosed by the side air guide surface and the lower air guide surface of the air guide layer, and compacting;
s6: and sealing, and sequentially establishing an upper air guide surface, an exhaust pipe, an upper anti-seepage surface, an upper water guide surface, a soil layer and a vegetation layer from bottom to top on the upper part of the garbage buried and compacted in S5.
Preferably, a plurality of U-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the bottom surface of the fixed layer, and the drainage ditch is arranged in the U-shaped grooves.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the household garbage landfill system with the anti-seepage pollution function, the isolation of the landfill pool and the external environment is effectively realized, the phenomenon that waste water and waste gas generated by the decay of the household garbage after landfill penetrate into the external area of the landfill pool is avoided, and the pollution to the ground surface outside the landfill pool, the underground environment and the like is avoided.
The anti-seepage pollution household garbage landfill method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, large amount of garbage in one-time landfill and high efficiency.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, a domestic waste landfill system that prevention of seepage was passed through and is polluted, including landfill district and isolation region, the landfill district includes landfill pond 7, and the landfill pond 7 outside has set gradually and has led gas layer 6, prevention of seepage permeable layer 5 and fixed bed 4, and gas layer 6 is close to the landfill pond setting, and the isolation region is including setting up the water guide layer 3 in the fixed bed 4 outside, and 5 bottoms on gas guide layer are provided with escape canal 2, and 6 tops on gas guide layer are connected with blast pipe 9.
Based on above-mentioned technical scheme, the domestic waste of landfill in the landfill pond 7, can decay behind the domestic waste landfill and produce a large amount of waste water and waste gas, and air guide layer 6 is because there are a lot of gaps in its structure, be convenient for carry out the air guide and lead waste water, the realization is discharged waste water and waste gas (the principal ingredients is methane) that the rubbish corruption produced fast, avoid a large amount of waste gas to stop in landfill pond 7, avoid landfill pond 7 to explode, and contain a large amount of heavy metals in the waste water that produces, collect and handle waste water, avoid causing secondary pollution to the environment, especially avoid causing the pollution to groundwater or surface water in the environment.
Based on the technical scheme, the design of the water guide layer 3 effectively prevents the underground water or surface water in the external environment of the landfill pool 7 from entering the landfill pool 7, reduces the pressure of the impermeable layer, and simultaneously influences of the underground water or the surface water on the surrounding environment of the landfill pool 7, such as collision, flushing and the like on the surrounding environment.
As shown in fig. 1, the air guiding layer 6 comprises an upper air guiding surface, a lower air guiding surface and a side air guiding surface, the upper air guiding surface, the lower air guiding surface and the side air guiding surface realize the totally-enclosed wrapping of the landfill tank 7, the anti-permeation layer 5 comprises an upper anti-permeation surface, a lower anti-permeation surface and a side anti-permeation surface, the upper anti-permeation surface, the lower anti-permeation surface and the side anti-permeation surface realize the totally-enclosed wrapping of the air guiding layer 6, the drainage ditch 2 is arranged at the upper part of the lower anti-permeation surface, and the fixing layer 4 realizes the fixing of the anti-permeation layer 5; through the technology, the landfill tank 7 is a totally-enclosed area, so that waste water and waste gas can be conveniently collected, and the waste water and waste gas can be prevented from being leaked.
As shown in fig. 1, the water guiding layer 3 comprises an upper water guiding surface 8, a lower water guiding surface 10 and a side water guiding surface 11, the water guiding layer 3 realizes the totally-enclosed wrapping of the landfill area, the upper water guiding surface 8 and the lower water guiding surface 10 of the water guiding layer 3 are both arranged in a herringbone shape, and the side water guiding surface 11 extends to the lower position of the lower water guiding surface 10; the design of water guide layer 3 has effectually obstructed outside surface water and groundwater and has got into landfill pond 7, goes up the effectual realization of the design of water guide surface 8, lower water guide surface 10 and side water guide surface 11 and in 7 quick row's of water guide layer 3 outside regions of landfill pond all around, avoids causing the influence to landfill pond 7.
The material laid by the air guide layer 6 is a mixture of slag and gravels after refuse incineration, the mixing ratio is 2:1, the particle size of the slag is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the gravels is 10-30 mm, the thickness of the gravels is 50-100 cm, the water guide layer 3 is formed by mixing and laying fine gravels and coarse gravels, the mixing ratio is 2:1, the particle size of the fine gravels is 5-8 mm, the particle size of the coarse gravels is 10-30 mm, and the thickness of the coarse gravels is 50-100 cm; the air guide layer effectively solves the problem of partial slag rubbish, simultaneously meets the problem that a certain gap or clearance is formed inside the air guide layer 6 and the water guide layer 3, and is beneficial to the flow of water and air.
The anti-seepage layer is an anti-seepage film, the anti-seepage film is an isolation film, water vapor is effectively isolated, waste water and waste gas are prevented from permeating, and the waste water and the waste gas are prevented from influencing the isolation region.
A household garbage landfill method for preventing seepage and pollution comprises the following steps:
1) building landfill pool
S1: selecting a site, namely selecting an area which is at least 10 kilometers away from a gathering place and a town of a residential area, wherein lakes and rivers are not arranged around the area, and an ecological protection area is not arranged; the secondary pollution to the environment is effectively avoided, and particularly, in landfill, the garbage is decomposed in the air to generate a large amount of waste gas, so that peculiar smell is generated, and the normal life and work of people are influenced;
s2: opening a foundation pit, and opening an operation foundation pit, wherein the depth and the cross-sectional area of the operation foundation pit are both larger than those of the isolation region, the side surface and the bottom surface of the foundation pit are both smooth, and soil generated by opening the foundation pit is transported to the vicinity of the foundation pit for later use;
s3: a water-guiding layer is built up,
1) building a side water guide surface, firstly, building a first side support of the side water guide surface, wherein the distance between the first side support and the side surface of the foundation pit is adaptive to the thickness of a water guide layer, then, paving a first net harmless cloth on the side surface of the foundation pit and the side support close to the side surface of the foundation pit, then, filling a mixture of fine gravel and coarse gravel into an area between the two opposite first net harmless cloths, and compacting the mixture of fine gravel and coarse gravel in the filling process;
2) building a water guide surface, firstly compacting the inner bottom surface of the foundation pit, paving a layer of grid non-woven fabric II on the inner bottom surface, and then paving and compacting a mixture of fine gravel and coarse gravel on the grid non-woven fabric II;
s4: building a landfill pool, and building a landfill pond,
building a fixed layer, firstly, setting a second side bracket of the fixed layer, wherein the distance between the second side bracket and the water guide layer is suitable for the thickness of the fixed layerLaying a third mesh jeopardy cloth on the side surface, close to the water guide layer, of the second side bracket, backfilling the soil dug out in the step S2 to the area between the third mesh jeopardy cloth and the water guide layer and the upper part of the lower water guide surface, and compacting the soil in the backfilling process;
an impermeable layer is built up in
The impermeable membrane is fixed inside the fixed layer established in the step (1);
a plurality of parallel drainage ditches are uniformly distributed at the upper part of the lower anti-seepage surface;
a gas-conducting layer is built on
Inside the side of the permeation prevention layer established in (1)
A side air guide surface and a lower air guide surface are respectively established at the upper part of a drainage ditch arranged in the middle, firstly, a third support is arranged at the inner side of the side surface of the anti-seepage layer, a fourth non-woven mesh fabric is fixed on the side surface of the third support, which is close to the anti-seepage layer, a mixture of slag and gravel is filled between the fourth non-woven mesh fabric and the anti-seepage layer, and the mixture of slag and gravel is filled at the upper parts of the drainage ditch and the lower anti-seepage layer and is compacted;
s5: landfill, namely pouring the garbage to be buried into an area enclosed by the side air guide surface and the lower air guide surface of the air guide layer, and compacting;
s6: and sealing, and sequentially establishing an upper air guide surface, an exhaust pipe, an upper anti-seepage surface, an upper water guide surface, a soil layer and a vegetation layer from bottom to top on the upper part of the garbage buried and compacted in S5.
A plurality of U-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the bottom surface of the fixed layer, and the drainage ditches are arranged in the U-shaped grooves; the U-shaped groove is convenient for wastewater to flow and collect.
Technical solution of the invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the specific implementation of the invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various insubstantial modifications of the inventive method concept and technical solution, or to apply the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without modification.